JPH0721814A - Control system for natural lighting and artificial illumination - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the multipurpose use of a facility possible by reduction in a running cost by effective utilization of natural lighting and light dimming of the natural lighting. CONSTITUTION:An area where necessary brightness is obtained by natural lighting and an area where the brightness is not obtained are discriminated from each other while monitoring floor surface brightness always by a brightness detector 17 capable of being installed at an optional place, and lighting and lights-out of artificial illumination 15 are carried out automatically, and outdoor brightness is detected, and when it is judged that brightness more than necessary is produced, light dimming of the natural illumination is carried out by a suitable light shielding means 9. When a system is put in practice, stability of the system is enhanced by calculating beforehand the floor surface brightness and the range becoming different by the difference in a season or time and the weather and by measuring outdoor brightness or cloud conditions.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control system for natural lighting and artificial lighting, which enables detailed blinking of artificial lighting without the need for manpower and prevents the influence of fluctuations in natural light on brightness. The dome,
Used for large-scale buildings such as gymnasiums, atriums, airport terminals, etc., offices, research laboratories, schools, etc. that require effective use of natural daylight, especially for buildings with high natural lighting efficiency on the roof surface. Is suitable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a building in which sufficient natural light is shined through a window, energy saving may be employed by turning off the lighting by utilizing this. For example, in such a lighting system in a building with sufficient wall lighting, a daylight sensor for detecting the illuminance is hung from the ceiling near the window, and the daylight detected by the daylight sensor has an illuminance of a predetermined level or more. When it became, several rows of luminaires near the window were turned off to cut the illumination energy, that is, save energy. In addition to this, depending on the structure of the building and the lighting condition, lighting on the roof surface, top lighting made of glass, etc. was used, and energy saving was achieved by a system that met each condition.

[0003]

However, in the conventional lighting system for saving energy by utilizing daylight,
The daylight sensor must be installed in the actual place where you want to measure the brightness, and since it is only detected in the installed place, when detecting the brightness of the entire floor surface, use the daylight sensor over the entire floor surface. Since it had to be installed, the restrictions on its use were large, and it was practically impossible to install it. Therefore, in the conventional system, the brightness of only the point where the daylight sensor was installed was actually measured, and the stability of the system is directly affected by the constantly changing natural light. It was low and not suitable for practical use. In addition, roof surface lighting is one that has higher lighting efficiency than the above-mentioned wall lighting, and this roof surface lighting is advantageous from the viewpoint of daylight utilization. On the other hand, on the other hand, roof lighting is effective lighting area (area where natural lighting can secure necessary brightness) with the movement of the sun, and it moves in the whole room. Since there was a large difference in the brightness of, the stability of lighting was inferior. Further, in the case of daylighting with a glass toplight, the floor surface becomes tens of thousands of lux in fine weather, which sometimes causes trouble due to being too bright.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a natural lighting and artificial lighting that can install a sensor for detecting the brightness at any place and can prevent the influence of the fluctuation of the natural light on the brightness. The purpose of this is to provide a control system of the above and to save energy by finely turning on and off artificial lighting.

[0004]

The structure of the natural lighting and artificial lighting control system according to the present invention for attaining the above-mentioned object is composed of a daylighting means provided on a frame and a stepwise amount of daylighting provided on the daylighting means. Light-blocking means for reducing the brightness of the floor surface, a brightness detector that is provided for each predetermined area that divides the floor surface and that detects the brightness of this predetermined area, and an outdoor brightness that is provided outside the body and that detects the outdoor brightness. A detector,
An artificial illumination provided corresponding to each of the divided predetermined areas and illuminating the predetermined area, a light shielding means, a brightness detector, an outdoor brightness detector, a brightness detector connected to each of the artificial lights, an outdoor brightness detector It is characterized by comprising a control device for controlling the operation of the light-shielding means and the artificial illumination by judging the magnitude of the value detected by the above and the preset value.

[0005]

The brightness is measured instead of the illuminance, and the detector can be installed at any place. Since the measurement area can be arbitrarily set from a small area to a large area and the brightness is measured as the brightness of the surface, the brightness is less likely to be affected by the fluctuation of natural light.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a control system for natural lighting and artificial lighting according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an equipment configuration that realizes the system of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a transition of the center of the brightness of one day by daylight. A rooflight 3 of a frame (for example, a dome) is provided with a toplight 5 as a daylighting means, and natural light can be taken in from the toplight 5. In addition, a window 7 as a daylighting means is provided in the frame 1, and light can be taken in through the window 7. Light-shielding means 9 is provided on the indoor side of the top light 5 and the window 7.
Are provided respectively, and the light shielding means 9 is the control device 1
The drive unit is controlled by 1. The shading means 9 is provided with several kinds of shading materials (curtains or the like) having different light transmissivities so that the shading material suitable for the illumination condition selectively covers the top light 5 or the window 7 by a signal from the control device 11. It has become. It is assumed that a well-known device such as a computer or a programmable sequencer is used as the control device 11, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

In such equipment, the top light 5
By performing a trial calculation of the daylighting state and the lighting state from the window 7, the effective daylighting area (the area where the necessary brightness may be secured by natural daylighting) and the other area are set on the floor 13 in advance. This area is set in consideration of the movement of the sun in the day (see Fig. 2), fine weather and cloudy weather, and seasonal differences. This enables effective and fine control of the lighting on the entire floor 13. For the areas set in this way, focus on the effective lighting area where the brightness changes due to the movement of the sun and the weather, and for other areas as well, divide the area further and set the area for measuring the brightness. .

An artificial lighting 15 is provided on the ceiling of the frame 1, and the artificial lighting 15 is responsible for each divided area. The artificial lighting 15 is provided with a driving device (not shown), and the artificial lighting 15 can also perform lighting by changing the irradiation angle to an area where sufficient brightness is not obtained by natural lighting. Further, the artificial lighting 15 is provided with a dimmer (not shown),
It is possible to finely adjust the brightness in the area where the necessary brightness is obtained by natural light and the area where it is not. The drive device and the light control device are also connected to the above-mentioned control device 11 and controlled according to the illumination conditions. Further, the arrangement of the artificial lighting 15 is one example, and the arrangement is not limited to this.

A brightness detector 17 is provided on the ceiling of the frame 1, and the same number of brightness detectors 17 are installed corresponding to the divided areas. In this case, it is desirable that the area that each artificial lighting 15 is responsible for be in agreement with the area for measuring the brightness. Unlike the conventional method of measuring the illuminance, the brightness detector 17 measures the brightness which is the physical quantity closest to the sense of human eyes. The brightness detector 17 is
Brightness (luminance) can be detected from an arbitrary position, and it is hardly affected by fluctuations in natural light. The brightness detected by the brightness detector 17 is evaluated in plane units for each of the divided areas. Further, an outdoor brightness detector 19 is provided outdoors, and the outdoor brightness detector 19 detects the brightness considering the ratio of clouds in the entire sky so as not to be affected by the change in brightness due to the movement of clouds. It has become. By separately setting the brightness detectors that measure the brightness of the integrated area over a plurality of areas, it is possible to further reduce the influence of fluctuations in natural light and improve the reliability and stability of the system. .

A specific method of operating the system thus configured will be described. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the procedure when light is shielded. In addition, in the figure, A mark shows A mark in FIG. First, depending on the usage of the room, the control device 1
The brightness is arbitrarily set to 1 (S1). After this setting, the control device 11 performs automatic control according to a predetermined program. Regarding the setting of the brightness, there are conceivable methods such as a setting method based on illuminance and a sports name such as baseball, soccer, and tennis which are conventionally used, but these are all converted to brightness (S3). ). When the outdoor brightness detector 19 measures the outdoor brightness with respect to the brightness set by such a method (S5), and it is determined that natural lighting brings more brightness than necessary ( S7), the most suitable light shielding material is selected by the control device 11 (S7).
9), the top light 5 and the window 7 are covered to block light (S11). When it is not necessary to block light, the light blocking means 9
Is not operated (S13). The outdoor brightness is continuously detected, and when a predetermined condition is satisfied, the light is shielded (S15). In this case, the manual operation is prioritized.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the procedure when the artificial illumination is turned on and off. Next, the brightness detector 17 installed for each area detects the brightness of each area (S1
7) The control device 11 compares the set value with the detected value (S19), and turns on the artificial illumination 15 only in the area where the detected brightness is lower than the set brightness (S2).
1) In the high area, the artificial lighting 15 is turned off (S2
3). The luminance is continuously measured, and the control device 11 turns on and off according to a predetermined condition (S2).
5). It should be noted that, when turning off and turning on the artificial lighting 15, it is assumed that unnecessary turning on and off are not performed with reference to the detection values of the outdoor brightness detector 19 and the brightness detector that monitors the brightness of a plurality of areas. Further, it becomes possible to perform more detailed and highly energy-saving operation. In addition, it is expected that unnecessary operations can be reduced by calculating in advance the effective lighting area and the brightness of the area due to the difference in season and time of day weather.

In buildings such as gymnasiums and sports domes that do not have air-conditioning equipment installed, the electricity bill for lighting accounts for the majority of water and electricity costs, and if the floor space is approximately 15,000 m ² , it will be ¥ 2.5 million per year. It is expected that some electricity bill will be required. According to the present system, since the control device 11 controls all the blinking of the lighting that has conventionally depended on human hands, the lighting of the area where the lighting does not need to be turned on by natural lighting is kept on. Since unnecessary waste can be saved and natural lighting can be utilized to the maximum extent, 30% of electricity charges can be calculated based on these effects.
It is expected that it will be possible to reduce ~ 40% (7.5 million to 1,000,000 yen per year).

[0013]

As described in detail above, according to the control system for natural lighting and artificial lighting according to the present invention, the brightness is measured instead of the illuminance, and the brightness is an arbitrary measurement area, and as a surface. Since it is possible to measure, it is possible to install a sensor for detecting the brightness at an arbitrary position, and it is possible to prevent the influence of the fluctuation of natural light on the brightness. As a result, it is possible to finely adjust the brightness, significantly improve the stability of the system, save energy by effectively using natural lighting, and enable multipurpose use of facilities by dimming natural lighting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an equipment configuration that realizes a system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a transition of the center of brightness of one day by daylight.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure when light shielding is performed.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure when artificial lighting is turned on and off.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Frame 5 Top light (lighting means) 7 Window (lighting means) 9 Light-shielding means 11 Control device 13 Floor 15 Artificial lighting 17 Brightness detector 19 Outdoor brightness detector

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lighting unit provided on a frame, a light-shielding unit provided on the lighting unit for gradually reducing the amount of light, and a predetermined area provided corresponding to each predetermined area obtained by arbitrarily dividing the floor surface. Brightness detector for detecting the brightness of the plurality of areas, a brightness detector for detecting the brightness of a plurality of areas provided to prevent unnecessary operation, and an outdoor brightness detector for detecting the brightness of the outdoors provided outside the frame. An artificial illumination provided corresponding to each of the divided predetermined areas and illuminating the predetermined area, the light shielding means, the brightness detector, the outdoor brightness detector,
The artificial light includes: the brightness detector connected to each of the artificial lights; a control device for controlling the operation of the light shielding means and the artificial light by judging the magnitude between a value detected by the outdoor brightness detector and an arbitrarily set value. A control system for natural lighting and artificial lighting that is characterized by