JPH07217150A - Dripping structure for tile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent penetration of water by a method wherein tiles are laid in overlapping and fixed so that a space can be made between the front side of a trough on a tile to be laid on the downside tier and the reverse side of a lapping piece of a tile to be laind on the upside tier. CONSTITUTION:A tile 1 is formed with a hanger 1a and two joining seats 1b and 1c in the form of stripes provided to the reverse side thereof, and the tile 1 is fixed to the surface of a board 51 with the hanger 1a hung on a projecting stripe 51a of the board 51 and the joining seat 1c stuck to the board with adhesive 52. A trough 2 in a recessed shape is formed to the front side of the tile on a position corresponding to the hanger 1a while a lapping piece 3 in a section available for lapping over the upper end of the trough 2 of another tile is provided to the lower end of the tile 1. Then, drip channels 4 and 6, extending from the trough 2 to the lapping piece 3, are provided to sides of the tile 1, and rainwater or the like running down over the tile 1 is prevented by the drip channel 6 from flowing to the front side of the trough 2. Therefore, flow of water toward the board can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lap type tile which is attached to a wall of a building or a concrete board by a dry method, and particularly water infiltration between the back surface of the tile and the wall or board after construction. A drainage structure for preventing

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Construction of tiles on the outer wall of a building is performed by a wet method in which the tile is directly attached to the mortar surface of the outer wall, and a dry method in which the tile is held by a mechanically restraining force on a special board made in advance. Has been done.

Among these methods, in dry tile construction, a cement board having grooves or projections for hanging tiles running in the lateral direction is used.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a conventional construction example in which a board is tiled and fixed.

In the figure, a wrap type tile 50, which is not subjected to joint filling processing, is held in a state of being hung on a plurality of ridges 51a running horizontally on a board 51. On the back side of the tile 50, a hanger 5 for hanging on the protrusion 51a.
0a, and the joint seat 50b is formed between the protrusions 51a so as to face the surface of the board 51, and the joint seat 50b is fixed to the board 51 by the adhesive material 52.

The wrap type tiles 50 are sequentially attached to the board 51 from the bottom, and the joints between the tiles 50 are completed as a construction body in which a joint material such as mortar is not packed. In this case, in order to prevent the tiles 50 from colliding with each other due to the vibration of the building, and in consideration of the dimensional accuracy of the tiles, there is a design in which a gap G is provided in the upper and lower overlapping portions as shown in the illustrated example. Adopted. Also, in the arrangement of the tiles 50 in the width direction,
From the same idea, a construction method in which a gap is provided between the tiles 50 is adopted.

As described above, not only is it necessary to provide a gap between the tiles 50, but in actual construction,
Large and small gaps appear between the upper and lower tiles 50 due to construction errors.

[0008]

However, in the construction of the lap-type tile 50 of the illustrated example, since the joint filling process between the tiles 50 is not performed, when exposed to rain or the like, the gap G is removed. Water easily enters the board 51 side.

That is, water such as rainwater that hits the surface of the tile 50 flows down along the surface of the tile 50 as indicated by the arrow in the figure. At this time, the upper and lower tiles 50
Since the joint material is not emphasized between them, the flow of water becomes discontinuous, and the water that has propagated along the surface proceeds from the lower end surface of the tile 50 to the inner side and passes through the gap G. Like And the gap G is, for example, 1 to 2 m.
Since it is about m, water enters due to the capillary phenomenon,
Eventually, it penetrates between the back surface of the tile 50 and the front surface of the board 51.

Further, not only the gaps G above and below the tiles 50 but also the tiles 50 are arranged at intervals in the width direction.
Water also infiltrates to the board 51 side from this interval.

When water enters the board 51 side, the board 51 absorbs water, and as a result, dew condensation occurs due to a decrease in temperature and an unfavorable effect on the building due to the dew condensation occurs. The freezing and the expansion resulting from this cause the destruction of the board 51 and the like. In addition, the deterioration of the adhesive 52 due to the infiltration of water cannot be ignored, and this greatly affects the stable fixing of the tile 50.

As described above, in the construction of the wrap type tile, the infiltration of water on the board side causes various obstacles.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to prevent water from entering the back surface of the tile to prevent deterioration and destruction of the board and to maintain stable holding of the tile.

[0014]

According to the present invention, a trough having a shape in which an upper end is recessed from the front side and a wrap piece having a lower end recessed from the back side is provided. A tile that is fixed by a dry method on a board for mounting, with a stacking so that there is a gap between the back surface of the wrap piece of the tile arranged on the upper side with respect to the front surface,
A drainer having a surface shape that agglomerates a layer of water flowing from the front surface to the back surface on the lower end surface of the lap piece and / or the left and right end surfaces in the width direction included in the thickness range of the wrap piece. It is characterized by comprising a section.

The draining portion can be a groove that extends to include the entire length of the lower end surface of the wrap piece and / or both end surfaces, and can be a groove cut in the entire length of the tile in the longitudinal direction. It can also be a protruding jetty.

Further, the water draining portion may be a water draining surface which is an acute angle formed between the groove and the lower end surface of the lap piece carved in the entire length in the longitudinal direction of both end surfaces in the width direction and the surface.

Further, the draining groove has a width of 2 to 6 mm and a depth of 2 to 10 m from the front surface side to the back surface side of the tile.
It can be m.

[0018]

[Operation] When the water traveling on the surface of the tile tries to move to the board side, the wrap pieces that form the outer wall of the tile excluding the upper edge of the tile and the surface shapes of both sides agglomerate the water flow layer to form a water film. Grow. If this water film grows until its own weight becomes larger than its surface tension, it separates from the surface of the lap piece and both side surfaces and spontaneously falls, and the invasion of the water flow layer to the board side is prevented.

In the case where the groove is cut as the water draining portion, the layer of water flow adheres to the groove and grows to accumulate in the form of a water film, which can be naturally dropped for the above reason.

Further, in the case where the jetty is provided on the lap piece as the water draining portion, the layer of the water flow propagating on the surface of the tile is hard to advance to the board side, and at the same time, the water film is formed at the lower end of the jetty. It can be naturally dropped by its own weight increase due to growth.

Further, in the case where an inclined draining surface is provided on the lower surface of the lap piece as a draining portion, water is prevented from proceeding to the board side at the same time as in the case of the jetty, and at the same time, a water film grows at the lower end of the draining surface. It is possible to fall naturally.

By setting the width of the groove for draining water to 2 to 6 mm and the depth to 2 to 10 mm, the layer of water flow propagating on the surface can be trapped in the groove and sufficiently accumulated. Good drainage is achieved by the balance between the tension and the increase in the weight of the growing water film.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a vertical side view of a tile construction state showing an embodiment of the tile draining structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where two tiles are arranged in the width direction.

Similar to the conventional example, the tile 1 has a hanger 1a and two joint seats 1b and 1c formed on the back surface thereof. The ridge 51a of the board 51 is hung on the hanger 1a.
The lower joint seat 1c is attached and fixed to the surface of the board 51 with the adhesive 52.

The front side corresponding to the hanger 1a is formed as a trough 2 which is recessed from the surface of the tile 1 to the inner side over the entire length in the width direction. Further, on the lower end side of the tile 1, there is provided a wrap piece 3 having a cross-sectional shape that overlaps the upper end portion of the trough 2 of the tile 1 arranged in the lower stage from the front. The thickness of the wrap piece 3 (the length in the left-right direction in FIG. 1) is 7 to 1
It is about 1 mm.

On each of the left and right side surfaces of the tile 1, there is a groove 4 for draining along the entire length from the trough 2 to the wrap piece 3.
Carve 5 Further, on the lower end of the tile 1, that is, the lower surface of the wrap piece 3, a groove 6 for draining water is provided so as to be continuous with these grooves 4 and 5.

The draining grooves 4 to 6 have an opening edge width of about 2 to 6 mm and a depth of about 2 to 10 mm. If the width is shorter than 2 mm and the depth is shallower than 2 mm, the layer of water flow along the surface is not sufficiently captured and the growth of the water film cannot be promoted. Is preferred.

Incidentally, FIG. 3 shows the details of the draining grooves 4 to 6 around the peripheral surface of the wrap piece 3, and FIG. 3 (a) is a side view of the main part seen from the left side of the tile 1, A cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 11A is shown in FIG.

The tile 1 is constructed by hooking it on the board 51 in order from the lower one to the upper one in FIG. At the time of this construction, as described in the section of the prior art, in order to prevent the tiles 1 from hitting each other, a space of about 3 mm or less is provided in the width direction, and the back surface of the wrap piece 3 is as shown in the drawing. The tiles 1 are arrayed by a dry method with a gap so as not to contact the trough 2. Then, after the tiles 1 are attached to the board 51, the construction body is made without filling the joint material between the tiles 1.

Here, when the attached tile 1 is exposed to rainwater or the like, water flows down along the tile 1 as shown by the arrow in FIG. At this time, the layer of the water flow reaching the lower edge of the wrap piece 3 advances to the inner side on the lower end surface of the wrap piece 3 due to the surface tension.

For such a water flow layer, the wrap piece 3
A draining groove 6 is provided on the lower surface of the above to prevent this flow layer from moving toward the front side of the trough 2 of the lower tile 1. This is a phenomenon in which water is accumulated in the groove 6 by setting the width and depth of the groove 6 appropriately, and the weight of the pool itself causes the water to drop into drops and fall naturally. Is used. Therefore, the layer of water flow does not reach the gap between the back surface of the wrap piece 3 of the upper tile 1 and the surface of the trough 2 of the lower tile 1, and the water flows toward the water board 51 side due to the capillary phenomenon. Intrusion is prevented.

On the other hand, the grooves 4 and 5 on the left and right sides of the tile 1
Also acts to collect a layer of water that propagates from the front surface side to the back surface side of the tile 1. Therefore, similar to the case of the groove 6 on the lower surface of the lap piece 3, it is possible to prevent water from going to the board 51 side.

As described above, by engraving the draining grooves 4 to 6 on the side surface and the bottom surface of the tile 1 excluding the upper end surface, the water flowing down along the surface of the tile 1 is poured into the board 51.
Penetration to the side is prevented. Therefore, even if the wrap type tile 1 has a construction structure in which there is a gap between the tiles 1 vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, the infiltration of water into the board 51 is prevented, and the board 51 is deteriorated or destroyed. Is prevented.

Even if various gaps occur between the tiles 1 due to manufacturing errors of the tiles 1 themselves or construction errors thereof, the water draining effect of the grooves 4 to 6 allows water to enter the board 51 side similarly. To be prevented.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which a jetty 7 is provided at the front edge of the lap piece 3 in place of the draining groove 6 provided on the lower end surface of the lap piece 3.

In this example, for example, a jetty 7 having a downward length corresponding to the depth of the groove 6 shown in FIG. Similar to the example, the water draining grooves 4 and 5 are provided in the vertical direction.

When water flows down on the surface of the tile 1, the water also forms a layered water film on the lower surface of the jetty 7 due to its surface tension. When the size of the water film increases and its own weight exceeds the surface tension, the water film becomes a drop and drops toward the trail 2 side of the tile 1 in the lower stage. Further, since the jetty 7 is at a lower level than the lower end of the wrap piece 3 on the back side, the water flowing through the grooves 4 and 5 and the water film generated on the surface of the tile 1 flow toward the jetty 7 and the board 51. It does not flow to the side. Therefore, even if the groove is not formed on the lower surface of the lap piece 3, if the cross-sectional shape is such that only the front edge is projected downward by an appropriate length, the draining can be performed well as in the previous example.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the jetty 7 is inclined so that the lower end side is tapered.

Also in this example, similarly, the water that propagates on the surface of the tile 1 forms a water film on the lower surface of the jetty 7 and on the surface side of the tile 1, and drops by its own weight into a drop.
Prevents water from entering the side. Further, the water flowing through the grooves 4 and 5 easily flows along the slope of the jetty 7.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the lower end surface of the wrap piece 3 is inclined downward toward the front surface side of the tile 1.

The lower end of the wrap piece 3 is formed as a draining surface 3a having an acute angle with the surface of the tile 1, and the tile 1
As in the previous example, grooves 4 and 5 for draining water are provided in the vertical direction on both the left and right sides of the same.

Also in this example, as in the case of FIG. 5, the water flowing down along the surface of the tile 1 forms a water film at the lower end where the drain surface 3a and the surface of the tile 1 intersect, and its own weight. The water naturally flows downward along the slopes of the jetty 7 and does not go backward in the depth direction, and the water is prevented from flowing into the board 51 side.

Further, FIG. 7 shows the inclined draining surface 3a of FIG.
It is an example in which a groove 3b for draining water is engraved in the entire length of the tile 1 in the width direction.

In this example, the drainage surface 3a prevents the water film from flowing into the board 51 at the same time, and at the same time, the groove 3b is prevented from entering the board 51 side, so that the drainage effect can be further improved.

[0045]

According to the present invention, the flow of water propagating on the surface of the tile can be dropped as a water film at the lower end surface of the tile and / or the left and right end surfaces of the tile, so that the infiltration of water to the board side can be ensured. Be blocked. Further, due to the jetty 7 and the acute-angled draining surface provided on the lap piece, the effect of preventing water from entering the board is further improved, and the draining groove has a width of 2 to 6 mm and a depth of 2 to 10 mm. With this, good draining can be performed. For this reason, the infiltration of water into the board is eliminated, the deterioration of the board and the destruction due to freezing in cold weather are prevented, and the stable holding property of the tile is significantly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a construction example of a tile having a draining structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view when two tiles are arranged in the width direction.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing a lap piece portion, where (a) of the figure is a left side view, and (b) of the figure is AA of (a) of the figure.
It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line arrow.

FIG. 4 is an example in which a jetty is provided on the lower end surface of the wrap piece,
(A) of the same figure is a left side view of the main part, and (b) of the same figure is a transverse sectional view taken along the line BB of (a) of the same figure.

5 is a left side view of a main part showing an example in which the back surface of the jetty in the example of FIG. 4 is inclined.

FIG. 6 is an example in which the lower end surface of the wrap piece is a draining surface that is inclined downward toward the front surface side of the tile, and FIG.
Is a left side view of the main part, (b) of the same figure is CC of the same figure (a)
It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line arrow.

FIG. 7 is a left side view of a main portion showing an example in which a draining groove is provided in addition to the draining surface of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing a construction situation of a conventional tile by a dry method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tile 1a Hanger 1b Joint seat 1c Joint seat 2 Trough 3 Lap piece 3a Draining surface 3b Groove 4 Groove 5 Groove 6 Groove 7 Jetty 51 Board 51a Ridge 52 Adhesive

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A trough having an upper end recessed from the front side and a wrap piece having a lower end recessed from the back side, which is arranged above the front of the trough of the tile arranged in the lower stage. A tile fixed to the mounting board by a dry method so that a gap is formed between the tile and the back surface of the wrap piece, the lower end surface of the wrap piece and / or the thickness of the wrap piece. The tile draining structure is provided with the draining portions having a surface shape that agglomerates a layer of water flowing from the front surface to the back surface on both left and right end surfaces in the width direction included in the range. 2. The tile draining structure according to claim 1, wherein the draining portion is a groove extending along the entire length of the lower end surface and / or both end surfaces of the wrap piece and cut into the entire length in the vertical direction of the tile. . 3. The draining structure for tiles according to claim 1, wherein the draining portion is a groove carved in the entire length in the vertical direction of both end faces in the width direction and a jetty projecting downward only on the front side of the wrap piece. 4. The draining portion is a draining surface which is a groove formed by cutting the entire length in the vertical direction of both end faces in the width direction and the lower end face of the lap piece and having an acute angle with the surface. The draining structure for a tile according to claim 1. 5. The draining groove has a width of 2 to 6 mm and a depth of 2 to 10 m from the front surface side to the back surface side of the tile.
The tile drainer structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein m is m.