JPH0721401U - Shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Objective] To provide a shock absorber capable of increasing the initial displacement, thereby avoiding shock absorption and sudden load, and easily adjusting the shock absorbing force and displacement amount. [Structure] U-shaped metal fittings 12 and 13 crossed with each other
Four rubber balls 14 are interposed between the two, and these are used as the spokes 3 by being pivotally attached between the hub 1 of the auxiliary wheel 6 and the outer ring 5.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a shock absorber used at a place where a tensile / compressive load such as a spoke of a wheel acts.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, a cushioning device is generally a cushioning device in which a spring / rubber elastic body whose load and displacement are proportional to each other is interposed between metal parts which are acted upon by a load and are separated from each other.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In this conventional shock absorber, the load and the amount of displacement of the spring / elastic body are in a proportional relationship, and a shock absorber for which a large displacement is initially desired with a small load, such as expansion / contraction of wheel spokes or mooring of a ship. In the case of ropes, anchors, winches, hoisting gears, etc., the conventional proportional relations have insufficient cushioning, and there are cases where it is difficult to absorb shock due to sudden load. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, to increase the initial displacement, to absorb the shock due to displacement and to avoid sudden load, and to easily change the cushioning force and displacement amount. The purpose is to provide a shock absorber that can.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The gist of the present invention, which has solved such a problem, is a shock absorbing device characterized in that a plurality of rubber balls are interposed in series between releasable shock absorbing metal fittings on which a load is restrained so that they are not separated from each other by a certain distance or more. is there.

[0005]

[Action]

 In the present invention, since a plurality of rubber balls are interposed in series between the detachable cushioning metal fittings, the rubber balls are in point contact with each other and the metal fittings and the rubber balls in the initial stage when a load is applied. The pressure area is small and a large local stress acts on the contact area, resulting in a large compression under a low load and a large displacement in the initial stage. The larger the load, the larger the pressing area, the smaller the compressive stress, and the more difficult it is to displace. Also, the absorption of impact energy increases.

As described above, in the present invention, a large displacement can be obtained even with a small load, and this displacement can alleviate the load impact. Also, the elastic constant and the amount of displacement can be easily changed by changing the number of rubber balls and the diameter of the rubber balls.

[0007]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is an example of a rubber tire wearing auxiliary wheel using the shock absorber of the present invention as a spoke of a wheel. 1 is a side view of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cutaway side view of the same portion, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view of the same portion, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of compression of the sphere, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of compression of the cylindrical rubber, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the force applied to the rubber ball and the cylindrical rubber and the amount of deformation. .

First, examples will be described. A plurality of struts 2 are welded to the outer periphery of the hub 1 in a radial manner at equal angles, and the stretchable spokes 3 are arranged in a radial pattern at an equal angle in the same manner as the stanchions 2, and the hubs 1 are extended along the extension lines of the spokes 3. Is an auxiliary wheel 6 having a shape concentric with an outer ring 5 provided with a plurality of claws 4 on its outer peripheral portion. The joints 7 between the ends of the columns 2 and the spokes 3 and the joints 8 between the other ends of the spokes 3 and the inner circumference of the outer ring 5 are all pivotally joined via a shaft 9. . A rubber bush 11 is sandwiched between the shaft 9 and the bearing 10 so that the joints 7 and 8 have appropriate flexibility. The spoke 3 is composed of a pair of U-shaped metal fittings 12, 13 which are alternately arranged, and a plurality of rubber balls 14 are arranged in series between the metal fittings 12, 13 so that they are in contact with each other. It has a moderately compressed mechanism. The tip portion 15 of the claw 4 on the outer periphery of the outer ring 5 is hardened and welded with wear resistance. However, there is a tip portion 15 with a cemented carbide tip or a ceramic tip attached.

The auxiliary wheel 6 of this embodiment is used by being attached to the outside of a tire 16 of an automobile or the like. As a mounting method, there is a method of connecting the hub 1 of the auxiliary wheel 6 and the wheel 17 of the tire 16 with a mounting bracket 18. The elasticity of the spokes 3 is obtained by elastically deforming a plurality of rubber balls 14 arranged in series between the metal fittings 12 and 13. When the auxiliary wheel 6 of the present invention is used by being attached to the outside of a tire 16 of an automobile or the like, when the tire is driven or braked, the hub 1 and the outer wheel 5 may be displaced from each other in the axial direction of the auxiliary wheel 6. Although force is applied, at this time, the spoke 3 and the joint portions 7 and 8 operate as shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, since the elasticity of the spokes 3 is obtained by elastically deforming the plurality of rubber balls 14, it has a particularly excellent non-linear expansion / contraction characteristic. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which four rubber balls 20 each having a diameter of 25 mm are placed in a rectangular parallelepiped container 19 having a cross section of 25 mm on one side and a length of 100 mm, and a force is applied from the left side to the limit, at this time. The relationship between the magnitude of the applied force and the amount of deformation of the rubber ball 20 is as shown by the curve 21 in FIG. In FIG. 5, the volume of the container 19 is 25 × 25 × 100 = 62511 mm 2. On the other hand, the volume of the four rubber balls 20 is 4/3 × 3.14 × 12.5 ³ × 4 = 32708 m ³ . Therefore, the deformation amount when the four rubber balls 20 are compressed to the limit is (62500-32708) ÷ (25 × 25) = 48 mm.

FIG. 6 shows a case where a cylindrical rubber 22 having a diameter of 25 mm and a diameter of 25 mm at both ends and a hemispherical shape of 100 mm and having a length of 100 mm, which has been conventionally used, is put into the container 19 and compressed to the limit by applying force from the left side. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of FIG. 7, and the relationship between the magnitude of the applied force and the deformation amount of the cylindrical rubber 22 at this time is as shown by a curve 23 in FIG. 7. In FIG. 6, the volume of the container 19 is 25 × 25 × 100 = 62500 mm 2. On the other hand, the volume of the cylindrical rubber 22 is (3.14 × 12.5 ² × 75) + (4/3 × 3.14 × 12.5 ³ ) = 45000 mm 2. Therefore, the deformation amount when the cylindrical rubber 22 is compressed to the limit is (62500-45000) ÷ (25 × 25) = 28 mm. From the above, it can be seen that the deformation amount of the four rubber balls 20 of this embodiment is larger than that of the conventional cylindrical rubber 22.

Next, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the force applied to the four rubber balls 20 and the cylindrical rubber 22 and the amount of deformation. The curves 21 and 23 are both non-linear curves, but the curve 21 for the four rubber balls 20 is on the right side of the curve 23 for the conventional cylindrical rubber 22 and the initial stage of deformation. Curve 21 has a gentler curve to the right. That is, it is shown that in the initial stage of deformation, four rubber balls 20 are deformed by a smaller force than the conventional cylindrical rubber 22. Therefore, the stretchable spokes 3 of the present invention are superior to the conventional spokes 3 in the ability to absorb small unevenness on the road surface. Further, when the auxiliary wheel 6 of this embodiment is attached to the tire 16 of an automobile or the like, the deformation work of the spokes 3 can be used without the need for jacking up. It can be seen that the spokes 3 using the rubber balls, which require less force for deformation in the above, are easier to install than the conventional spokes.

Examples of the use of the shock absorber of the present invention include shock absorbers for mooring ropes and anchors for ships, shock absorbers for ropes for towing by tugs, traction / jeep between vehicles, in addition to the spokes for the wheels described above. It can be used as a shock absorber for winches.

[0014]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, the shock absorber of the present invention can obtain a large initial displacement with a small load, and thus can absorb a shock with a large initial displacement amount. Furthermore, the elastic constant and the amount of displacement thereof can be easily adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of rubber balls and changing the diameter of the rubber balls, and the optimum buffer for the purpose can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway side view of the same portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view of the same portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of compression of a rubber ball according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of compression of cylindrical rubber.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a force applied to a rubber ball and a cylindrical rubber and a deformation amount.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hub 2 Support 3 Spoke 4 Claw 5 Outer Ring 6 Auxiliary Wheel 7 Joint 8 Joint 9 Shaft 10 Bearing 11 Rubber Bushing 12 Metal Fitting 13 Metal Fitting 14 Rubber Ball 15 Tip 16 Tire 17 Wheel 18 Mounting Fitting 19 Container 20 Rubber Ball 21 Curve 22 cylindrical rubber 23 curve

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A shock absorbing device, wherein a plurality of rubber balls are interposed in series between releasable shock absorbing metal fittings on which a load is applied so as not to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance or more.