JPH07213599A - Low pressure suction exhaust equipment for medical care - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep the suction pressure applied into a thoracic cavity constant by automatically restoring it to a designated suction pressure responding to an excessively positive pressure caused by patient's cough, milking of a connecting tube or others in suction, and to keep the pressure in the thoracic cavity at a designated suction pressure even if the suction pump stopped. CONSTITUTION:This equipment comprises a suction pressure setting part 1, a water seal part 11 and a collecting part 21 arranged in the order and air- communicating with each other, a bypass directly connecting the suction setting part and the collection part between them, a one way valve 16 opening toward the collecting part is set on the way of the bypass and a positive pressure relief valve 25 is set adjacent the one way valve, a float 17 to close a pass in the upper part of a thin tube part 13 is set at the water seal part, and a one way valve 8 is also set on the connecting part on the suction pressure setting part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medical low-pressure suction / drainage device, and more particularly to a low-pressure suction / drainage device for discharging liquid and gas from a body cavity such as the chest.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A low-pressure continuous suction device is often used to maintain a constant internal pressure after thoracotomy, and as a method therefor, atmospheric pressure is introduced from under a constant water column to constantly maintain a constant suction pressure. And a water-sealing bottle for guiding the exhaust gas from the chest below the surface of the water and guiding it to the exhaust passage, and detecting the discharge of gas with the generation of bubbles at that time and the degree of negative pressure generation on the chest side. And a bottle for draining the chest, a three bottle method is generally used as a known method.

By applying the 3-bottle method, as a low-pressure suction / discharging device for medical treatment integrated into one unit, for example, an underwater discharging device as shown in FIG. 2 described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-13913 is proposed. ing.

However, in the present method, as shown in FIG. 2, the pipe (2) connected to the drainage tube in the liquid collecting part (21) is provided for the purpose of accelerating drainage during suction at the set suction pressure.
When 4) is milked (squeezed) or when the patient coughs, a part of the gas in the chest cavity, the drainage tube, the connecting tube (24) and the liquid collecting section (12) , Through the water seal of the water seal part (11) and flow into the suction pressure setting part (1). At this time, if the inside of the water seal part (11) and the suction pressure setting part (1) become positive pressure, the positive pressure relief valve (25) is momentarily opened, and the gas passing through the water seal is released into the atmosphere. Is released.

However, due to these milking and coughing of the patient, when a part of the gas in the patient's chest cavity or in the liquid collecting part (21) passes through the water seal, the patient's intrathoracic pressure is immediately thereafter. Results in a phenomenon in which the negative pressure is higher than the set suction pressure, which promotes bleeding at the surgical site and suture failure,
Respiratory distress due to mediastinal movement, damage to the diaphragm and lung tissue,
There is an unfavorable problem for the patient such as discomfort of the patient due to excessive negative pressure.

In order to solve these problems of the 3-bottle method, a so-called 4-bottle method low-pressure suction / discharge device for medical use (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-130241) has been devised as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, this method is additionally provided with a negative thoracic cavity pressure control unit (31) having a water-tight chamber (32), and when the negative pressure in the thoracic cavity of the patient becomes a negative pressure stronger than the set suction pressure,
It has a mechanism that releases the atmosphere and returns to the set suction pressure.

However, in this method, in addition to the same water injection operation to the suction pressure setting section (1) and the water sealing section (11) as in the 3-bottle method before use, a new chest cavity negative pressure control section (31) is newly used. Not only does the operation become complicated due to the addition of water, the volume of the water injection needs to be adjusted by the set value of the suction pressure, so the over-negative pressure prevention mechanism may not work due to an erroneous operation.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate such problems of the conventional low-pressure suction / discharging device, and to provide an over-negative pressure preventing mechanism which is simple and does not cause a risk of erroneous operation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a low pressure suction discharge device.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION That is, the present invention relates to a water supply system having a suction pressure setting section having a pressure adjusting chamber connected to a suction source and a water sealing chamber communicating with the suction pressure setting section in gas flow communication. In a body fluid discharge device comprising a sealing part and a liquid collection part having a liquid storage chamber which is in fluid communication with the water sealing part and has a body fluid inlet at the upper part, suction pressure is set without passing through the water sealing chamber. A bypass passage that directly connects the liquid collecting portion and the liquid collecting portion, a one-way valve that opens toward the liquid collecting portion side is provided in the middle of the bypass passage, and a positive pressure relief valve is attached in the vicinity of the one-way valve. The sealing part is divided into a small chamber and a thin tube part by a partition wall, a float for closing the passage is attached to the upper part of the thin tube part, and the suction pressure setting part is provided with a one-way valve in the connection line to the upper suction source. , Furthermore, a thin tube with the upper end open to the atmosphere and the lower end near the bottom in the room A medical low pressure suction discharge device, characterized in that annexed.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a medical low-pressure suction / discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The low-pressure suction / exhaust device according to the present invention is basically the same as the conventional three-bottle method, and has a suction pressure setting part (1) having a pressure adjusting chamber, and a suction pressure setting part (1) at the upper part to communicate with gas. Composed of three parts: a water sealing part (11) having a water sealing chamber that is in fluid communication with each other, and a liquid collecting part (21) having a liquid storage chamber that is in gas communication with the water sealing part (11) at an upper portion. Has been done. The suction pressure setting unit (1) is provided with a discharge port (6) connected to a suction source such as a suction pump (9) for discharging gas at the upper part, and a connection incorporating a one-way valve (8). The pipe (7) is connected. In addition, when using sterile water (1
In the room into which 0) is charged, an upper opening (2) is exposed to the outside to open to the atmosphere, and a lower opening (4) is provided with a thin tube (3) located near the bottom surface.

The water seal part (11) is divided by a partition wall (15) into a small chamber (14) communicating with the lower part and a narrow tube part (13), and an upper part of the thin tube part (13) is a float for closing a passage. (17) is attached. In addition, the liquid collecting section (2
In 1), one end is connected to a drainage tube that is placed in the internal wound of the patient and a connecting pipe (24) that serves as an inflow port for body fluid is attached. It is divided into small chambers, and the amount of stored drainage can be measured finely by means of a scale, but there is no problem even if the partition wall (23) is not provided.

Further, the suction pressure setting section (1) and the liquid collecting section (2) are provided above the water sealing section (11) without passing through the water sealing chamber.
1) is directly connected to a bypass passage, and a one-way valve (16) opening toward the liquid collecting portion (21) side is provided in the middle of the bypass passage. In addition, the liquid collecting portion (2
A positive pressure relief valve (25) is provided in the upper part on the 1) side or the suction pressure setting section (1) side.

The low-pressure suction discharge device of the present invention is compared with the conventional example of FIG.
The basic principle is the same for normal use. That is, when the suction pressure setting unit (1) is set to a negative pressure with a suction pump (9) or the like, when the negative pressure becomes equal to or higher than the water column h of the sterile water (10) that has been input in advance, the atmosphere is opened at the upper opening ( It is introduced from 2) into the built-in thin tube (3) and is discharged from the lower opening (4), so that the pressure in the upper pressure regulating chamber is always kept at the water column pressure h. In addition, the water seal part (11) has an upper part in gas communication with the suction pressure setting part (1), and a bottom part is filled with sterile water (18) for preventing backflow of the atmosphere into the chest cavity of the patient. The inside of the liquid collecting part (21) is kept at a negative pressure through the water seal with the sterile water (18), and suction force is applied to the internal wound part of the patient via the connecting pipe (24).

Then, as described above, when the inside of the liquid collecting part (21) becomes positive pressure due to milking of the connecting pipe (24) or cough of the patient, and the exhaust pressure of the suction pressure setting part (1) is exceeded,
The positive pressure relief valve (25) is momentarily opened to release the positive pressure. As the positive pressure relief valve (25), several cmH ₂ O
It is preferable to use the one that operates at positive pressure.

After that, a strong negative pressure corresponding to the amount of gas released from the positive pressure relief valve (25) is generated in the liquid collecting section (21). On the other hand, in the low-pressure suction / discharging device of the present invention, the sterile water in the water sealing part (11) first rises into the narrow tube part (13), but the float (17) is pushed up and floats, The upper part of the part (13) is closed to prevent the sterile water from overflowing from the upper end of the thin tube part (13), and the one-way valve (16) is opened to relieve the strong negative pressure in the liquid collecting part (21). Prevents excessive suction force from being applied to the patient's chest cavity. On the other hand, the valve (16) is made to open when a pressure difference of ₂ to 15 cmH ₂ O or more, preferably 5 to 19 cmH ₂ O or more occurs. The one-way valve (16) is made of a rubber-like elastic body, soft synthetic resin, or the like, has an appropriate adhesive force, and it is more preferable that the one-way valve (16) is opened with a time difference of about 5 seconds when the above pressure difference occurs. It does not matter even if other one-valve mechanism such as a spring is used.

[0017]

As described above, the operating state of the low-pressure suction and discharge device of the present invention during suction and discharge is similar to that of the conventional example of FIG. 2 in which the conventional triple bottle method is used as one unit, but the patient coughs. If the negative pressure in the liquid collecting part (21) or in the patient's chest cavity becomes a certain level or more higher than the suction setting pressure after the connection tube (24) is milked, or immediately after the connection tube (24) is milked. Since the float (17) and the one-way valve (16) are actuated to release the negative pressure above a certain level and automatically return to the set suction pressure, the suction pressure applied to the patient's chest cavity can be kept constant.

Further, since the one-way valve (8) is built in the connecting pipe (7) for connecting the suction pump (9),
Even if the suction pump is stopped during suction, the inside of the chest cavity can be kept at the same negative pressure as the set suction pressure.

[0019]

As described above, the low-pressure suction / exhaust device according to the present invention is used for a positive pleural pressure or a negative pressure in the thoracic cavity caused by a patient's cough or milking of the connecting tube during suction. Without any special operation at the start, the suction set pressure can be automatically returned to quickly and the suction force applied to the thoracic cavity can be kept constant, so that low pressure suction and discharge can be performed easily and without risk of erroneous operation. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a low-pressure suction discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structure of a conventional low pressure suction and discharge device of a 3-bottle method.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of a conventional low pressure suction and discharge device of a 4-bottle method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Suction pressure setting part 2 Upper opening 3 Thin tube 4 Lower opening 7,24 Connecting pipe 8,16 One-way valve 10,18,34 Sterile water 11 Water sealing part 13 Thin tube part 14 Small chamber 15,23 Partition wall 17,33 Float 21 Collection part 25 Positive pressure relief valve 31 Thoracic negative pressure control part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A suction pressure setting unit having a pressure adjusting chamber connected to a suction source, a water sealing unit having a water sealing chamber communicating with the suction pressure setting unit in gas flow communication, and the water sealing unit. In a body fluid discharge device comprising a liquid collection chamber having a liquid storage chamber having an upper body fluid inlet provided in fluid communication with each other, a suction pressure setting unit and a liquid collection unit are directly connected without passing through a water sealing chamber. A bypass passage is provided, a one-way valve that opens toward the liquid collecting portion is provided in the middle of the bypass passage, and a positive pressure relief valve is attached near the one-way valve. A float for closing the passage is attached to the upper part of the thin tube part, a one-way valve is provided in the suction pressure setting part in the connection line to the upper suction source, and the upper end inside the room is exposed to the atmosphere. A low-volume medical device that is equipped with a thin tube that is open and whose lower end is located near the bottom. Pressure suction and discharge device.