JPH0720560B2 - centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a closed centrifuge.

[Prior Art] In the field of fine chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and food additives, it is necessary to prevent contaminants and impurities from mixing into solid matter as much as possible when centrifugally filtering undiluted solution to produce solid matter. .
Therefore, the casing for housing the basket has a closed structure so that a series of steps from the supply of the undiluted solution to the scraping and discharging of the solid matter through the centrifugal filtration step and the washing step can be performed in a closed atmosphere. A closed centrifuge has been proposed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In a conventional hermetic centrifuge, a solid material is discharged without being dried, and thus a separate dryer is required.

Further, in the conventional closed type centrifuge, if the stock solution or the washing solution contains a combustible component, it is necessary to take explosion-proof measures when transporting the discharged solid matter, which is troublesome.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hermetic centrifuge capable of discharging a dried solid substance by drying the solid substance in a hermetically sealed casing.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention relates to a centrifuge equipped with a basket arranged in a casing and a solid matter scraping device for scraping solid matters formed in the basket. .

In the present invention, the solid matter scraping device includes a rotary shaft that is provided to penetrate a casing in an airtight manner, a rotary arm attached to the rotary shaft, and a scraping blade attached to the rotary arm. It has and. A flow passage for passing a heating fluid for heating the scraping blade is formed in the rotation shaft, and the flow passage in the rotation shaft is connected to the heating fluid supply source outside the casing.

It is preferable that a heating fluid channel is also formed in the rotating arm so that the heating fluid channel communicates with the heating fluid channel in the rotating shaft.

Further, a heating fluid passage is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing,
The casing may be heated by connecting the heating fluid passage to a heating fluid supply source.

Further, a heat source may be arranged in the casing so that the inside of the basket is heated by the heat source.

It is also possible to provide a means for blowing hot air into the casing so that the solid matter in the basket is dried by the hot air.

Furthermore, to allow drying of the solid under reduced pressure,
It is also possible to connect the casing with a structure capable of maintaining airtightness, connect a valve that hermetically closes the inside of the casing to a drain port provided in the casing, and connect a vacuum pump to the casing.

[Operation] As described above, when the flow path for passing the heating fluid is formed in the rotation shaft of the solid matter scraping device and the flow path in the rotation shaft is connected to the heating fluid supply source, The moving shaft is heated, and the heat of the rotating shaft is transferred to the scraping blade. Therefore, the scraping blade that directly contacts the solid matter can be heated, and the solid matter can be effectively dried. If the flow path for the heating fluid is also provided in the rotating arm, the scraping blade can be heated more effectively.

Further, as described above, when a heating fluid passage is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing to supply the heating fluid into the passage, a heat source is arranged in the casing, or a means for blowing hot air into the casing is provided, The solid matter can be dried quickly.

Further, the casing has a structure capable of maintaining airtightness, a valve for airtightly closing the inside of the casing is connected to a drain port provided in the casing, and a vacuum pump is connected to the casing to dry solid matter under reduced pressure. Therefore, the drying can be performed in a short time.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a cylindrical casing supported by supporting legs 2 provided with a vibration isolator, 3 is a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 3a, and a bottom wall. Part 3b,
It is a basket having an annular end wall 3c. The basket 3 has a boss portion 3d at the center of its bottom portion 3b.
A rotating shaft 4 attached to 3d is supported by a bearing device 5 provided at the bottom of the casing 1. The lower end of the rotary shaft 4 is connected to a rotary drive source 6 such as a hydraulic motor,
The basket 3 is rotationally driven by the drive source. A large number of through holes 3e are formed in the peripheral wall portion 3a of the basket 3, and an annular groove portion 3f surrounding the boss 3d is provided in the bottom portion 3b. The wall portion 3f1 on the outer peripheral side of the groove portion 3f is provided with a slant toward the outer side in the radial direction toward the upper side.

Reference numeral 7 is a liquid supply pipe, and 8 is a solid material discharge pipe, and these pipes are inserted into the basket by hermetically penetrating the cover plate 1a of the casing 1. The liquid supply pipe 7 has a large number of ejection holes 7a on its side surface, and supplies the stock solution or the cleaning solution toward the peripheral wall portion of the basket 1 from these ejection holes.
The liquid supply pipe may be open at its lower end only.

The solid matter discharge pipe 8 is a straight pipe, and the opening at the lower end thereof faces the bottom surface of the groove 3f at the bottom of the basket with a predetermined gap. The solid material discharge pipe is connected to a suction device (not shown).

Reference numeral 9 denotes a solid matter scraping device, which is a casing 1
The cover plate 1a is rotatably and slidably pierced by an airtight holding structure, a rotating shaft 9a, a rotating arm 9b attached to the rotating shaft, and a rotating arm 9b. It has a plurality of scraping blades 9c. The rotating shaft 9a and the rotating arm 9b are made of hollow pipes, and as shown in FIG.
The inside of the rotary shaft 9a is divided into two flow paths 9e1 and 9e by a partition plate 9d.
It is partitioned by e2. Also, inside the rotating arm 9b is a partition plate 9f.
It is divided into channels 9g1 and 9g2 by these channels 9g1 and 9g
2 communicates with the flow paths 9e1 and 9e2 in the rotation shaft 9a, respectively.
The partition plate 9f ends at a position before the tip of the rotating arm 9b, and the flow paths 9g1 and 9g2 communicate with each other on the tip end side of the partition plate 9f. In this embodiment, a heating fluid flow path of flow path 9e1 → flow path 9e1 → flow path 9g2 → flow path 9e2 is formed in the scraping device 9.

The scraping blade 9c is formed to have an arcuate cross section, and a plurality of scraping blades 9c, 9c, ... Are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the rotating arm 9b, and the rotating arm 9b is welded. It is fixed to.

In this embodiment, the stirring blade 9i is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 9a via the connecting shaft 9h. The stirring blade 9i is attached so as to be inclined by an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the wall portion 3f1 on the outer peripheral side of the groove 3f at the bottom of the basket, and the stirring blade 9i is lowered with the rotating shaft 9a lowered to the lower limit position. Outer side wall 3f of groove 3f
It is supposed to face 1.

Although not shown, on the lid plate 1a of the casing 1, an elevating mechanism for elevating the rotating shaft 9a of the scraping device and the rotating shaft 9a.
And a scraping device drive mechanism having a rotating mechanism for rotating. An electric motor, for example, is used as a drive source of the scraping device drive mechanism.

A heating fluid supply pipe 10 and a heating fluid discharge pipe 11 which are in communication with the flow paths 9e1 and 9e2 in the rotating shaft 9a are connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 9a protruding from the cover plate 1a of the casing 1 to the outside. The heating fluid supply pipe 10 is connected to a heating fluid supply source (not shown) for supplying a heating fluid such as steam or hot water.

The outer peripheral wall of the casing 1 is composed of an outer peripheral wall portion 1b and an inner peripheral wall portion 1c, and an annular heating fluid passage 12 extending in the circumferential direction of the casing is formed between the peripheral wall portions 1b, 1c.

A heating fluid supply pipe 13 and a heating fluid discharge pipe 14 are connected to the heating fluid passage 12 provided in the outer peripheral portion of the casing 1, and the heating fluid supply pipe 13 is connected to a heating fluid supply source (not shown).

Further, in this embodiment, a heat source 15 composed of an electric heater is attached inside the cover plate 1a of the casing 1.

A vacuum pump 18 is also connected to the lid plate 1a of the casing 1 via a pipe 16 and a valve 17, and a valve 20 is connected to a drain port provided in the bottom portion 1d of the casing 1 via a pipe 19. . The inside of the casing 1 can be kept airtight by closing the valve 20, and the inside of the casing can be depressurized by opening the valve 17 and operating the vacuum pump 18 in this state. There is.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. When the stock solution is processed by the above centrifuge, the rotating shaft 9a of the scraping device 9 is pulled up to retract the scraping blade 9c to the rotating shaft side of the basket. Then, the rotary drive source 6 is activated to rotate the basket 3 at a high speed, and the stock solution is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 7 into the basket 3. After the supply of the undiluted solution is completed, the basket is rotated at a high speed for a certain period of time to perform the deliquoring process. After the liquid removal process is completed, the cleaning liquid is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 7 while maintaining the rotation of the basket to wash the solid matter (cake) formed on the inner circumference of the basket. Then, the supply of the cleaning liquid is stopped, and the basket 3 is further rotated for a certain period of time to remove the liquid. FIG. 3 (A) shows a state in which the solid material layer 21 is formed on the inner circumference of the basket 3 after the cleaning and drainage are completed in this way. After the drainage is completed, the basket is braked to reduce the rotation speed of the basket to the scraping rotation speed. By this time, the temperature of the scraping blade 9c is raised by passing a heating fluid such as steam through the flow paths in the rotating shaft 9a and the rotating arm 9b. Further, the heating fluid is supplied into the heating fluid passage 12 at the outer peripheral portion of the casing 1 to raise the temperature of the casing 1,
If necessary, the heat source 15 is energized to raise its temperature.

In the process of decelerating the basket (after completion of the liquid removing step), the valve 20 is closed, the valve 17 is opened, and the vacuum pump 18 is operated to reduce the pressure in the casing 1.

After the rotation speed of the basket has decreased to the scraping speed, the rotating arm 9b is rotated to move the scraping blade as shown in FIG. 3 (B).
9c is introduced into the solid layer 21 on the inner circumference of the basket, whereby the solid substance 21 is scraped off and dropped to the bottom side of the basket. Scraping of solid matter is advanced while gradually moving the rotating shaft 9a downward. Since the scraping blade 9c is heated by the heating fluid, when the scraping blade 9c comes into contact with the solid matter, the temperature of the solid matter is raised and the liquid content in the solid matter is evaporated. Therefore, the solid matter is dried as the scraping progresses. As shown in FIG. 3C, the basket 3 is rotated at the scraping speed for a certain period of time even after the scraping blade 9c is lowered to the lowest position. At this time, the rotating arm 9b, the scraping blade 9c, and the stirring blade 9i stir the solid material accumulated at the bottom of the basket, and heat is transferred from the scraping device to the solid material with this stirring, so that the solid material The drying is complete.

In particular, in this embodiment, in the process of scraping and drying the solid matter, the inside of the basket is depressurized to keep the boiling point of the liquid component contained in the solid matter low, so that the temperature of the solid matter is not increased so much. Even in this case, the drying can be performed in a short time.
Further, as in the above-mentioned embodiment, if the means for heating the casing 1 from the outside with a heating fluid is provided or the heat source 15 is provided to raise the temperature inside the casing, the solid matter can be dried in a short time. Can be done at.

After the solid material 21 is completely dried, the vacuum pump 18 is stopped, the valve 17 is closed, and the valve 20 is opened. Then, a suction device (not shown) is operated to suck the solid matter 21 in the groove 3f through the solid matter discharge pipe 8 and discharge the solid matter to the outside through the solid matter discharge pipe. This solid is carried by the gas stream and sent to the next step. This transport is easy because the solids are dry.

Further, since the solid matter is dried and its fluidity is increased, when the solid matter in the groove 3f is discharged by the solid matter discharge pipe 8, the solid matter around the groove 3f easily flows. groove
The solid matter that falls into the 3f and falls into the groove is discharged through the discharge pipe 8. As described above, when the solid matter is dried, the discharging of the solid matter from the groove 3f and the dropping of the solid matter into the groove 3f are repeated without difficulty, so that the solid matter is smoothly discharged.

After the discharge of the solid matter is completed, the solid matter scraping device 9 is returned to the original position, the undiluted solution is supplied again, and the above steps are repeated.

In the above embodiment, instead of connecting the vacuum pump 18, a means for supplying dry hot air to the tube 16 may be connected. In this case, the valve 20 is opened in the process of scraping and drying the solid matter, and the hot air supplied from the pipe 16 into the casing 1 is discharged through the pipe 19.

In the above embodiment, the heating fluid channel is formed in the rotary shaft arm 9b, but the heating fluid channel in the rotary arm is omitted, and the heating fluid channel is provided only in the rotary shaft 9a. It may be formed to transfer heat from the rotating shaft 9a to the scraping blade 9c through the rotating arm 9b.

The means for heating the scraping blade is not limited to the heating fluid, but an electric heater is inserted into at least one of the rotating shaft 9a and the rotating arm 9b, and the rotating shaft 9a is rotated by the electric heater.
Alternatively, the scraping blade 9c may be heated by heating the rotating arm 9b.

In the above embodiment, the heating fluid passage 12 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing 1 and the heating fluid is supplied to this passage to heat the casing. However, the means for heating the casing may be an electric heater. That is, an electric heater may be attached to the outer periphery of the casing 1 to heat the casing.

In the above-described embodiment, the heating fluid passage 12 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing 1 and the heat source 15 is arranged in the casing. However, the present invention is basically based on the scraping of the scraping device 9. Blade
The heating fluid passage 12 and the heat source 15 can be omitted because heat is transferred to the solid matter through the 9c and the rotating arm 9b to dry the solid matter. Also, the stirring blade 9i at the lower end of the scraping device 9 can be omitted.

In the above embodiment, a means for heating the solid matter discharge pipe 8 may be provided so that heat is also transferred from the discharge pipe 8 to the solid matter. In this case, if a radiation fin is provided in a portion near the lower end of the solid matter discharge pipe 8, the solid matter can be efficiently dried. Similarly, in the above-described embodiment, if a heat radiation fin is provided on the rotating shaft 9a and heat is transferred from the heat radiation fin to the solid matter, the solid matter can be dried more efficiently.

In the above embodiment, a plurality of scraping blades 9c are provided, but by providing a plurality of scraping blades in this manner, it is possible to increase the contact area between the scraping blades and the solid matter, Heat can be efficiently transferred, and the time required for drying can be shortened. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only one scraping blade 9c may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the solid matter discharge pipe 8 is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the solid matter discharge pipe 8 is retracted upward in the process of scraping and drying the solid matter (the lower end opening of the pipe 8). It is also possible to depressurize the inside of the casing 1 through the pipe 8 or to send hot air into the casing 1 through the pipe 8 in a state where the portion does not come into contact with solid matter).

In the above embodiment, the temperature for drying the solid matter is, of course, set to a range that does not adversely affect the solid matter.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the scraping blade that supplies the heating fluid to the heating fluid passage formed in the rotating shaft of the solid matter scraping device to directly contact the solid matter. Since I tried to heat
There is an advantage that the solid matter can be effectively dried.

Further, as in the invention according to claim 3, a heating fluid passage is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing to supply the heating fluid into the passage, or as in the invention according to claim 4, a heat source is arranged in the casing. Alternatively, by providing a means for blowing hot air into the casing as in the fifth aspect of the invention, the solid matter can be dried quickly.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 6, the casing has a structure capable of maintaining airtightness, a valve for airtightly closing the inside of the casing is connected to a drain port provided in the casing, and a vacuum pump is attached to the casing. Since the connection is made, the solid material can be dried under reduced pressure, and the drying can be performed in a short time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part of a scraping device used in the same embodiment, and FIGS. 3 (A) to (D) are the same embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed the state in various processes schematically. 1 ... Casing, 3 ... Basket, 4 ... Rotating shaft,
6 ... Rotary drive device, 8 ... Solid material discharge pipe, 9 ...
Solid matter scraping device, 9a ... Rotating shaft, 9b ... Rotating arm, 9c
...... Scraping blade, 9e1,9e2,9g1,9g2 …… Heating fluid flow path, 10
Heating fluid supply pipe, 11 heating fluid discharge pipe, 12 heating fluid passage, 13 heating fluid supply pipe, 14 heating fluid discharge pipe, 21 solid material.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A basket arranged in a casing,
In a centrifuge including a solid matter scraping device that scrapes solid matter formed in the basket, the solid matter scraping device includes a rotating shaft that is provided to penetrate the casing in an airtight manner, and A rotary arm attached to the rotary shaft and a scraping force attached to the rotary arm are provided, and a flow path is formed in the rotary shaft for passing a heating fluid for heating the scraping blade. A centrifuge characterized in that a flow path in the rotating shaft is connected to a heating fluid supply source outside the casing. 2. The centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising a heating fluid channel formed in the rotating arm, the heating fluid channel communicating with a channel in the rotating shaft. 3. The heating fluid passage is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing, and the heating fluid passage formed in the outer peripheral portion of the casing is connected to a heating fluid supply source. The centrifuge described in. 4. The centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising a heat source arranged in the casing. 5. The centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising a unit for blowing hot air into the casing. 6. The casing has a structure capable of maintaining airtightness, a drain port provided in the casing is connected to a valve that hermetically closes the inside of the casing, and a vacuum pump is connected to the casing. The centrifuge according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.