JPH07202551A - Helical antenna - Google Patents

Helical antenna

Info

Publication number
JPH07202551A
JPH07202551A JP33480993A JP33480993A JPH07202551A JP H07202551 A JPH07202551 A JP H07202551A JP 33480993 A JP33480993 A JP 33480993A JP 33480993 A JP33480993 A JP 33480993A JP H07202551 A JPH07202551 A JP H07202551A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
helical
coaxial cable
conductors
helical conductors
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP33480993A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2606573B2 (en
Inventor
Akio Kuramoto
晶夫 倉本
Kosuke Tanabe
浩介 田辺
Munehiko Oomuro
統彦 大室
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEC Corp
Original Assignee
NEC Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NEC Corp filed Critical NEC Corp
Priority to JP33480993A priority Critical patent/JP2606573B2/en
Priority to CA002139198A priority patent/CA2139198C/en
Priority to AU81825/94A priority patent/AU688419B2/en
Publication of JPH07202551A publication Critical patent/JPH07202551A/en
Priority to US08/769,671 priority patent/US5910790A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2606573B2 publication Critical patent/JP2606573B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To cover a wide area and to cover a specific area in a wide frequency range by providing plural pairs of helical conductors and longitudinally arranging them to feed them independently of one another. CONSTITUTION:A long coaxial cable 1 and a short coaxial cable 2 are adjacently arranged, and a pair of helical conductors 3 and 4 and a pair of helical conductors 5 and 6 are arranged around only the upper part of the coaxial cable and around lower parts of coaxial cables 1 and 2 respectively. Helical conductors 3 to 6 are held by dielectric supports 7 so that the pair of helical conductors 3 and 4 and the pair of helical conauctors 5 and 6 keep desired intervals and pitches. A U balun 8 is used to supply the power to pairs of helical conductors 3 and 4 and helical conductrors 5 and 6 from upper parts of coaxial cables 1 and 2. A feeding connector 10 and a connector 11 are connected by coaxial cables 1 and 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ら旋状のヘリカル導体
と、該ヘリカル導体に高周波電力を給電するための給電
手段を有するヘリカルアンテナに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a helical antenna having a spiral helical conductor and a feeding means for feeding high frequency power to the helical conductor.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】図2は、従来のヘリカルアンテナの斜視
透写図を示す。
2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 is a perspective perspective view of a conventional helical antenna.

【0003】従来のヘリカルアンテナは、図10に示す
ように、同軸ケーブル1と、その周りに巻いたら旋状の
ヘリカル導体3,4の対と、該ヘリカル導体2,3の対
を前記同軸ケーブル1に固定する誘電体でできたサポー
ト7より構成され、同軸ケーブル1の上端Uバラン8か
ら、前記ヘリカル導体3,4の対に高周波電力を給電す
る手段を有している。アンテナ全体は防水、防雪等のた
めレドーム9におおわれた構造をしている。また、給電
用コネクタ10は同軸ケーブル1に高周波信号がコネク
タ10より給電されると同軸ケーブル1を伝搬して、U
バラン8を介してヘリカル導体3,4に供給される。高
周波電力は、ヘリカル導体3,4を伝搬しながら、電波
を放射する。このときヘリカル導体3,4は、所望の放
射パターンが得られるよう、その巻き直径、ピッチ角、
巻き数等が選ばれている。
As shown in FIG. 10, a conventional helical antenna includes a coaxial cable 1, a pair of spiral helical conductors 3 and 4 wound around the coaxial cable 1, and a pair of the helical conductors 2 and 3 as the coaxial cable. It is composed of a support 7 made of a dielectric material fixed to 1 and has means for supplying high frequency power from the upper end U balun 8 of the coaxial cable 1 to the pair of helical conductors 3 and 4. The entire antenna has a structure covered with a radome 9 for waterproofing, snowproofing and the like. In addition, the power supply connector 10 propagates through the coaxial cable 1 when a high-frequency signal is supplied from the connector 10 to the coaxial cable 1.
It is supplied to the helical conductors 3 and 4 via the balun 8. The high frequency power radiates a radio wave while propagating through the helical conductors 3 and 4. At this time, the helical conductors 3 and 4 have their winding diameters, pitch angles, and pitch angles so that a desired radiation pattern can be obtained.
The number of turns is selected.

【0004】従来のヘリカルアンテナは、電子情報通信
学会アンテナ・伝播研究会報告書AP91−65にもそ
の応用形が示されている。
The application of the conventional helical antenna is also shown in AP 91-65, which is a report of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Antenna and Propagation Research Group.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】この従来のヘリカルア
ンテナでは、放射される電界の指向性パターンが1通り
に決まってしまい、広いまたは、複数のサービスエリア
を確保することが困難であった。また、従来のヘリカル
アンテナは、周波数によって指向性パターンの最大ビー
ム方向が変化するため、広い周波数帯域でカバーできる
共通のサービスエリアが、狭くなるという問題点があっ
た。
With this conventional helical antenna, it is difficult to secure a wide or a plurality of service areas because the directional pattern of the radiated electric field is determined in one pattern. Further, the conventional helical antenna has a problem that a common service area that can be covered in a wide frequency band is narrowed because the maximum beam direction of the directivity pattern changes depending on the frequency.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のヘリカルアンテ
ナは、隣接して並べられた一方は長く、他方は短かい同
軸ケーブルと、前記長い方の同軸ケーブルの上端から給
電する手段をかね備えた長い方の同軸ケーブルの周りに
巻いたら旋状のヘリカル導体の対と、前記短かい方の同
軸ケーブルの上端から給電する手段をかね備えた2本の
同軸ケーブルの周りに巻いたら旋状ヘリカル導体の対と
を備えている。
The helical antenna of the present invention has a coaxial cable, one of which is long and the other of which is short and adjacent to each other, and means for feeding power from the upper end of the longer coaxial cable. A pair of spiral helical conductors wound around a longer coaxial cable, and a spiral helical conductor wound around two coaxial cables having means for feeding power from the upper end of the shorter coaxial cable. Equipped with a pair of.

【0007】また、複数の隣接した同軸ケーブルに、そ
れぞれら旋状のヘリカル導体の対を周りに巻き、該ヘリ
カル導体の上部より、該当する同軸ケーブルの上端から
給電する手段を備えた構造としている。
Also, a structure is provided in which a plurality of spiral helical conductor pairs are wound around a plurality of adjacent coaxial cables, and means is provided for feeding power from the upper end of the corresponding coaxial cable from above the helical conductor. .

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】次に、本発明について図面を参照して説明す
る。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

【0009】図1は、本発明の一実施例のヘリカルアン
テナの斜視図である。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【0010】長い同軸ケーブル1と短かい同軸ケーブル
2が隣接して配置されており、上部の同軸ケーブル1の
みの周囲と、下部の同軸ケーブル1,2の周囲に、ら旋
状のヘリカル導体3,4の対及びヘリカル導体5,6の
対がそれぞれ配置されている。ヘリカル導体3,4,
5,6は、誘電体のサポート7によって、該ヘリカル導
体3,4及びヘリカル導体5,6の対が所望の間隔及び
ピッチを保つように保持される。ヘリカル導体3,4の
対及びヘリカル導体5,6の対は、それぞれの上部にお
いて、同軸ケーブル1及び同軸ケーブル2の上部より、
Uバラン8を用いて給電される。アンテナ全体は、防
水、防雪等のためレドーム9におおわれた構造となって
いる。尚、給電用コネクタ10及びコネクタ11は同軸
ケーブル1及び同軸ケーブル2に接続されている。
A long coaxial cable 1 and a short coaxial cable 2 are arranged adjacent to each other, and a spiral helical conductor 3 is provided around only the upper coaxial cable 1 and the lower coaxial cables 1 and 2. , 4 and helical conductors 5, 6 are arranged. Helical conductor 3,4
5, 6 are held by a dielectric support 7 so that the helical conductors 3, 4 and the pair of helical conductors 5, 6 maintain a desired spacing and pitch. The pair of helical conductors 3 and 4 and the pair of helical conductors 5 and 6 are arranged in the upper portions of the coaxial cables 1 and 2 from the upper portions thereof.
It is powered using a U balun 8. The entire antenna has a structure covered with a radome 9 for waterproofing, snow protection, and the like. The power supply connector 10 and the connector 11 are connected to the coaxial cable 1 and the coaxial cable 2.

【0011】次に本ヘリカルアンテナの電気的動作につ
いて説明する。
Next, the electrical operation of this helical antenna will be described.

【0012】本ヘリカルアンテナはコネクタ10から給
電するときは、同軸ケーブル1、ヘリカル導体3,4よ
り成るヘリカルアンテナから電波が放射され、コネクタ
11から給電するときは、同軸ケーブル2、ヘリカル導
体5,6より成るヘリカルアンテナから電波が放射され
る。コネクタ10から高周波電力が給電された場合、高
周波電力は同軸ケーブル1を伝搬し、Uバラン8を介し
てヘリカル導体3,4に供給される。高周波電力は、ヘ
リカル導体3,4を伝搬しながら、電波を放射する。こ
のとき、ヘリカル導体3,4は、所望の放射パターンが
得られるように、その巻き直径、ピッチ角、巻き数が設
計された値となっている。コネクタ11から高周波電力
を給電した場合も、同様の動作となる。
In this helical antenna, when power is fed from the connector 10, radio waves are radiated from the helical antenna composed of the coaxial cable 1 and the helical conductors 3 and 4, and when power is fed from the connector 11, the coaxial cable 2 and the helical conductor 5, 5. Radio waves are radiated from the helical antenna composed of six. When high frequency power is supplied from the connector 10, the high frequency power propagates through the coaxial cable 1 and is supplied to the helical conductors 3 and 4 via the U balun 8. The high frequency power radiates a radio wave while propagating through the helical conductors 3 and 4. At this time, the helical conductors 3 and 4 have the designed winding diameter, pitch angle, and number of windings so that a desired radiation pattern can be obtained. The same operation is performed when high frequency power is supplied from the connector 11.

【0013】次に、本ヘリカルアンテナの特性例につい
て説明する。
Next, an example of characteristics of the present helical antenna will be described.

【0014】今、方位方向に無指向性で、仰角方向にピ
ークをもつ円偏波のヘリカルアンテナを用いて、次の用
途について適用するものとする。
Now, a circularly polarized helical antenna that is omnidirectional in the azimuth direction and has a peak in the elevation direction is used for the following applications.

【0015】周波数:2660MHz〜2690MHz 仰角カバーエリア:35°〜65° カバーエリア内利得:6.0dBic以上 仰角のカバーエリアが全体で30°の角度範囲を持ち広
いため、これを第1のカバーエリアとして35°〜47
°及び第2のカバーエリアとして47°〜65°の2つ
の領域に分けて第1のカバーエリアをヘリカル導体3,
4の部分、第2のカバーエリアをヘリカル導体5,6の
部分のアンテナにうけもたせ、必要に応じて切替えて用
いる。いま、ヘリカル導体3,4を用いて第1のカバー
エリア35°〜47°をカバーする場合の放射パターン
の計算例を図2に示す。これは、ヘリカル導体3,4の
巻き直径を12mm、ピッチ角58.1°巻き数6回と
したときの周波数が2660MHzの放射パターンであ
る。同様に、図3にヘリカル導体5,6を用いて周波数
が2690MHzの場合の放射パターンの計算例を示
す。また、図4に、第1のカバーエリア35°〜47°
における図2,図3のパターンの拡大図を示す。図4よ
り、第1のカバーエリア(35°〜47°)内で約6.
4dBic以上の利得が得られることがわかる。次に、
第2のカバーエリア47°〜65°をカバーする場合の
放射パターンの計算例を図5,図6に示す。尚、図5は
周波数が2660MHz、図6は周波数が2690MH
zの場合である。このとき、ヘリカル導体5,6のパラ
メータは、巻き直径12mm、ピッチ角54.9°、巻
き数6回となっている。図5,図6のカバーエリアでの
拡大図を図7に示す。これより、第2のカバーエリア4
7°〜65°で約6.4dBic以上の利得が得られる
ことがわかる。このように本発明のヘリカルアンテナを
用いれば広いカバーエリアについても、各々のヘリカル
導体対にカバーエリアを分割して、割当てることによ
り、カバーできることがわかる。
Frequency: 2660 MHz to 2690 MHz Elevation angle coverage area: 35 ° to 65 ° Gain within the coverage area: 6.0 dBic or more Since the elevation angle coverage area has a wide angle range of 30 ° as a whole, this is the first coverage area. As 35 ° ~ 47
And the second cover area is divided into two areas of 47 ° to 65 °, and the first cover area is divided into the helical conductor 3,
The antenna of the helical conductors 5 and 6 is provided with the portion 4 and the second cover area, and the antennas are switched and used as needed. FIG. 2 shows an example of calculation of the radiation pattern when the first conductor areas 35 to 47 are covered with the helical conductors 3 and 4. This is a radiation pattern with a frequency of 2660 MHz when the winding diameter of the helical conductors 3 and 4 is 12 mm and the pitch angle is 58.1 ° and the number of windings is 6 times. Similarly, FIG. 3 shows a calculation example of the radiation pattern when the frequency is 2690 MHz using the helical conductors 5 and 6. In addition, in FIG. 4, the first cover area 35 ° to 47 °
4 shows an enlarged view of the patterns of FIGS. 2 and 3 in FIG. From FIG. 4, about 6. within the first coverage area (35 ° -47 °).
It can be seen that a gain of 4 dBic or more can be obtained. next,
An example of calculation of the radiation pattern in the case of covering the second cover area 47 ° to 65 ° is shown in FIGS. The frequency is 2660 MHz in FIG. 5, and the frequency is 2690 MH in FIG.
This is the case of z. At this time, the parameters of the helical conductors 5 and 6 are a winding diameter of 12 mm, a pitch angle of 54.9 °, and a winding number of 6 times. An enlarged view of the cover area of FIGS. 5 and 6 is shown in FIG. From this, the second cover area 4
It can be seen that a gain of about 6.4 dBic or more can be obtained at 7 ° to 65 °. As described above, it can be seen that the use of the helical antenna of the present invention can cover a wide coverage area by dividing and assigning the coverage area to each helical conductor pair.

【0016】次に第2及び第3実施例について説明す
る。
Next, the second and third embodiments will be described.

【0017】図8及び図9に第2及び第3の実施例のヘ
リカルアンテナを示す。
8 and 9 show the helical antennas of the second and third embodiments.

【0018】図8の第2の実施例のヘリカルアンテナ
は、ヘリカル導体3,4とヘリカル導体5,6の間に同
軸ケーブル1の外被導体と接続された金属板12を配置
したものでこの金属板12により、ヘリカル導体3,4
とヘリカル導体5,6間の電気的シールドを構成し相互
結合が軽減される。
The second embodiment of the helical antenna shown in FIG. 8 is such that a metal plate 12 connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 1 is arranged between the helical conductors 3, 4 and the helical conductors 5, 6. By the metal plate 12, the helical conductors 3, 4
And an electrical shield between the helical conductors 5 and 6 are configured to reduce mutual coupling.

【0019】図10の第3の実施例のヘリカルアンテナ
は、ヘリカル導体3,4とヘリカル導体5,6の間に、
電波吸収体13を配置したもので、第2の実施例と同様
に、電気的相互結合が軽減される。
The helical antenna according to the third embodiment of FIG. 10 is such that between the helical conductors 3 and 4 and the helical conductors 5 and 6,
Since the radio wave absorber 13 is arranged, electrical mutual coupling is reduced as in the second embodiment.

【0020】以上説明した実施例1〜3では、2種類の
長さの異なる同軸ケーブルすなわち長い同軸ケーブル1
にヘリカル導体3,4を配置し、短い同軸ケーブル3に
ヘリカル導体5,6を配置する構成に関して記載した。
しかし、本発明では他の複数の長さの異なる同軸ケーブ
ルを使いそれらにヘリカル導体を配置することも可能で
ある。
In the first to third embodiments described above, two types of coaxial cables having different lengths, that is, long coaxial cables 1 are used.
In the above description, the helical conductors 3 and 4 are arranged in the above, and the helical conductors 5 and 6 are arranged in the short coaxial cable 3.
However, according to the present invention, it is also possible to use a plurality of other coaxial cables having different lengths and arrange the helical conductors on them.

【0021】[0021]

【発明の効果】以上、説明したように本発明は、ら旋状
のヘリカル導体の対を複数組を備え、それぞれを縦に配
置して独立に給電することにより、広いカバーエリアを
カバーでき、または広い周波数範囲で特定のカバーエリ
アをカバーする。
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of pairs of spiral helical conductors are provided, each of which is arranged vertically and independently supplied with electric power, so that a wide coverage area can be covered. Or cover a specific coverage area over a wide frequency range.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の第一の実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算値であ
る。(仰角:35〜47度、周波数:2660MHz)
FIG. 2 is a calculated value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation angle: 35-47 degrees, frequency: 2660 MHz)

【図3】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算値であ
る。(仰角:35〜47度、周波数:2690MHz)
FIG. 3 is a calculated value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation angle: 35-47 degrees, frequency: 2690 MHz)

【図4】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算拡大値で
ある。(仰角:35〜47度)
FIG. 4 is a calculated expanded value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation: 35-47 degrees)

【図5】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算値であ
る。(仰角:47〜65度、周波数:2660MHz)
FIG. 5 is a calculated value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation angle: 47-65 degrees, frequency: 2660 MHz)

【図6】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算値であ
る。(仰角:47〜65度、周波数:2690MHz)
FIG. 6 is a calculated value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation angle: 47-65 degrees, frequency: 2690 MHz)

【図7】本発明の実施例の放射パターンの計算拡大値で
ある。(仰角:47〜65度)
FIG. 7 is a calculated expanded value of a radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Elevation angle: 47-65 degrees)

【図8】本発明の第二の実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図9】本発明の第三の実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

【図10】従来例のアンテナを示す斜視図である。FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional antenna.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1,2 同軸ケーブル 3,4,5,6 ヘリカル導体 7 サポート 8 Uバラン 9 レドーム 10,11 コネクタ 12 金属板 13 電波吸収体 1, 2 coaxial cable 3, 4, 5, 6 helical conductor 7 support 8 U balun 9 radome 10, 11 connector 12 metal plate 13 electromagnetic wave absorber

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 互いに長さの異なる直線状のN個の同軸
ケーブル(L1 ,L2 …,LN で長さはL1 >L2 …>
N とする)を互いに隣接して下端をそろえて並べた同
軸ケーブル群と、 前記Lk (k=1,…,N)の同軸ケーブルの先端より
l 〜Lk の同軸ケーブルの周りに対にら旋状に巻きつ
けることにより高周波電力を給電させるヘリカル導体と
を具備することを特徴とするヘリカルアンテナ。
1. N linear coaxial cables of different lengths (L 1 , L 2 ..., L N with a length of L 1 > L 2 ...>)
L N ) are arranged adjacent to each other with their lower ends aligned, and a coaxial cable group of L l to L k from the tip of the coaxial cable of L k (k = 1, ..., N) A helical antenna, comprising: a helical conductor that feeds high-frequency power by being spirally wound around a pair.
【請求項2】 請求項1記載のヘリカルアンテナは、前
記ヘリカル導体間に金属板を配置したことを特徴とする
ヘリカルアンテナ。
2. The helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein a metal plate is arranged between the helical conductors.
【請求項3】 請求項1記載のヘリカルアンテナは、前
記ヘリカル導体間に電波吸収体を配置したことを特徴と
するヘリカルアンテナ。
3. The helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein a radio wave absorber is arranged between the helical conductors.
【請求項4】 請求項1記載のN個の同軸ケーブルは、
各々下端に入出力コネクタを具備し、前記コネクタを切
り替えて使用することを特徴とするヘリカルアンテナ。
4. The N coaxial cables according to claim 1,
A helical antenna, characterized in that each has an input / output connector at a lower end thereof, and the connector is switched and used.
【請求項5】 請求項1記載の前記ヘリカル導体は、誘
電体でできた複数のサポートで前記同軸ケーブルに固定
されることを特徴とすることを特徴とするヘリカルアン
テナ。
5. The helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein the helical conductor is fixed to the coaxial cable by a plurality of supports made of a dielectric material.
JP33480993A 1993-12-28 1993-12-28 Helical antenna Expired - Lifetime JP2606573B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33480993A JP2606573B2 (en) 1993-12-28 1993-12-28 Helical antenna
CA002139198A CA2139198C (en) 1993-12-28 1994-12-28 Broad conical-mode helical antenna
AU81825/94A AU688419B2 (en) 1993-12-28 1994-12-29 Broad conical-mode helical antenna
US08/769,671 US5910790A (en) 1993-12-28 1996-12-19 Broad conical-mode helical antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33480993A JP2606573B2 (en) 1993-12-28 1993-12-28 Helical antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07202551A true JPH07202551A (en) 1995-08-04
JP2606573B2 JP2606573B2 (en) 1997-05-07

Family

ID=18281468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33480993A Expired - Lifetime JP2606573B2 (en) 1993-12-28 1993-12-28 Helical antenna

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2606573B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6075501A (en) * 1997-05-08 2000-06-13 Nec Corporation Helical antenna
KR100667159B1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2007-01-12 한국전자통신연구원 Circular Polarized Helical Radiating Element and its Array Antenna operating at TX/RX band

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6075501A (en) * 1997-05-08 2000-06-13 Nec Corporation Helical antenna
KR100667159B1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2007-01-12 한국전자통신연구원 Circular Polarized Helical Radiating Element and its Array Antenna operating at TX/RX band

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2606573B2 (en) 1997-05-07

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