JPH07198598A - Simple measuring method of transmittance and degree of scattering of light and measuring apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the measuring of the transmittance of light through and the degree of scattering thereof from an object such as organic tissue handily and accurately in a non-destructive non-invasion way without cutting a sample out of the object such as organic tissue. CONSTITUTION:The surface 10a of a human body 10 is irradiated with light from outside with a light-irradiated area alpha positioned continuing with an non- light irradiated area beta and the intensity of the light is detected in the area alphairradiated with the light and in the non-light irradiated area beta to measure. Thus, the transmittance of light through the human body 10 and the degree of scattering thereof therefrom are determined based on the measured results.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple measuring method of light transmittance and scattering degree and a measuring apparatus used in the simple measuring method. More specifically, it is not only an object as a measuring object but also a human body. The present invention also relates to a simple measuring method of light transmittance and scattering degree, which is also suitable for measuring the composition and components of living tissues, and a measuring device used for the simple measuring method.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In living tissues such as the human body, light transmission according to the wavelength of light irradiating the living tissues is based on the difference in the composition and the dispersion state of each component. It is known that the rate and the scattering rate will be different. Therefore, it is necessary to collect various samples by measuring in advance how the transmittance and the scattering change according to the composition of the living tissue and each component and the change of the wavelength of the light irradiating the living tissue. If
By measuring the transmittance and the scattering rate at each wavelength of the light applied to a certain region of a specific living tissue, the composition and components of the region can be determined.

By the way, as a measuring method for measuring the light transmittance and the scattering rate of an object to be measured such as an object or a living tissue, a part of the object is cut into a predetermined size as a sample, and the sample is cut. There has been proposed a measurement method in which the measurement is performed by setting it in a measuring instrument.

However, in the above measuring method, it is necessary to cut out a part of the object as a sample to prepare a sample, and it is difficult to perform a large amount of measurement in a short time. However, when the living body tissue is selected as the object, there is a problem that it is not possible to measure the change of the living body tissue that slowly progresses for a long time without affecting the living body tissue.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned various problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to perform non-destructive testing without cutting out a sample from an object such as a living tissue. A simple and accurate method for measuring light transmittance and scattering degree of an object such as a biological tissue by invasiveness and used for the simple measurement method and the light measuring method It is intended to provide a measuring device.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a simple method for measuring the transmittance and scattering degree of light according to the present invention is a region where light is irradiated to an object from outside and light is irradiated. Irradiate light so that the area not to be continuously positioned, the light intensity in the area irradiated with the light and the light intensity in the area not irradiated with the light are separately detected and measured, and the measurement Based on the result, the light transmittance and the scattering degree of the object are obtained.

The measuring device used in the simple method for measuring the light transmittance and the scattering degree according to the present invention includes a light source for irradiating an object with light and an irradiating light from the light source for the object. A mask means for forming a region to be irradiated and a region not to be irradiated, and a region irradiated with the irradiation light from the light source formed by the mask means and a region not irradiated, respectively, the light intensity independently of each other. A measuring means for detecting and measuring is provided, and the light transmittance and scattering degree of the object are obtained based on the measurement result by the measuring means.

[0008]

[Function] The object is irradiated with light in such a manner that a region where the light is irradiated and a region where the light is not irradiated are continuous, and the light intensity in the region irradiated with the light and the light intensity in the region not irradiated with the light. Since and are separately detected and measured separately, it becomes possible to accurately measure the light components in the area irradiated with light and the area not irradiated with light, and the measurement is non-destructive. It can be performed easily and non-invasively.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, light A is applied to the entire surface of a predetermined area X on the surface 10a of the human body 10 as an object.
In the case of irradiating and measuring the reflected light thereof, the reflected light in the predetermined area X (surface reflected light: indicated by the solid arrow B in FIG. 3) and the human body 10 are scattered after entering the inside of the human body 10. The sum of the light emitted from the surface 10a of 10 (internal scattered light: indicated by a dashed arrow C in FIG. 3) is detected as reflected light and measured. Therefore, the surface reflected light B becomes noise with respect to the internal scattered light C, and the internal scattered light C cannot be measured accurately.

Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the light A is not applied to the entire surface of the predetermined area X on the surface 10a of the human body 10, but the light emitting area α and the light not emitting area β are used. Irradiate light so that and are continuous,
The reflected light (the sum of the surface reflected light B and the internal scattered light C) in the area α where the light is irradiated, and the surface 1 of the human body 10 after entering the inside of the human body 10 and scattered in the area β where the light is not irradiated.
The internal scattered light C emitted from 0a is separately detected and measured separately.

Therefore, since only the internal scattered light C can be measured, the measurement accuracy can be remarkably improved, and the light transmittance and scattering degree can be measured with high accuracy by nondestructive non-invasiveness. You will be able to.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a simple method for measuring light transmittance and scattering degree according to the present invention and a measuring apparatus used in the simple measuring method will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a principle configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of a measuring apparatus used for a simple measuring method of light transmittance and scattering degree according to the present invention.

This measuring device 1 is a light source 1 capable of irradiating a human body 10 as an object with light in a predetermined wavelength range.
2, and a shielding member as mask means for shielding a part of the light from the light source 12 in order to form a region α on the surface 10a of the human body 10 which is irradiated with the light emitted from the light source 12 and a region β which is not irradiated. 14, a light receiving element (CCD) 16 capable of detecting the intensity of the reflected light from the human body 10 based on the irradiation light of the light source 12 for each predetermined area of the human body 10, and each area of the human body 10 based on the detection result of the CCD 16. Light transmission at,
And a processing device 18 for calculating the degree of scattering by calculation. Reference numeral 13 is a condenser lens, and reference numeral 15 is a projection lens.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the above-mentioned shielding member 14 has a hole portion 1 for transmitting the light emitted from the light source 12.
4a and a mask portion 14b that shields the light emitted from the light source 12.

Further, the processing unit 18 is a central processing unit (C
PU) and a read-only memory (RO) that stores in advance a program executed by the CPU and light transmittance and scattering degree of each tissue of a human body in a predetermined wavelength region as reference data.
M) and a random access memory (RAM) as a working area in which registers such as registers necessary for executing a program by the CPU are set.

In the processing device 18, the value detected by the CCD 16 is analyzed by known software processing to obtain the light transmittance and the scattering degree of the region detected by the CCD 16, and the light transmittance, The scattering degree can be compared with the reference data (sample) of each tissue of the human body stored in the ROM, and the process of estimating what the tissue in the region detected by the CCD 16 is can be executed.

In the above structure, the light source 12 is connected to the human body 1.
When the light is irradiated toward 0, the shielding member 14 blocks the irradiation of the light on the human body 10, and the surface 10 a of the human body 10 is blocked.
A region α to which the irradiation light from the light source 12 is applied and a region β to which the irradiation light is not applied appear at the same time (FIG. 2B).

In such a state, the CCD 16 detects the light intensity of the reflected light in the area α and the area β, and C
Based on the detection result of the CD 16, the processor 18 analyzes the light transmittance and the scattering degree in the areas α and β and compares the light transmittance and the scattering degree with the reference data (sample) stored in the ROM of the processor 18 to determine the area α. And the composition and components in region β can be estimated.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the area α of the surface 10a of the human body 10, the sum of the surface reflected light B and the internal scattered light C in the area α is detected as reflected light, and the surface of the human body 10 is also detected. In the region β of 10a, the internal scattered light C emitted from the region β of the surface 10a of the human body 10 after entering and scattering inside the human body 10 is detected as reflected light.

FIG. 2 (c) shows a graph of the light intensity of the reflected light in the region α and the region β of the surface 10a of the human body 10, and the shaded portion is the internal scattered light C emitted from the region β. Is shown.

As described above, the degree of scattering of the surface tissue of the human body 10 is obtained from the internal scattered light C emitted from the area β, and the reflected light (surface reflected light B and internal scattered light B detected in the area α) is obtained. By subtracting the internal scattered light C emitted from the region β from the sum of C), the surface reflected light B on the surface 10 a of the human body 10 can be obtained.

That is, the light transmittance and the light scattering of the surface tissue of the human body 10 can be measured by appropriately performing the above calculation by the processing device 18, and the region α and the region for the light of the predetermined wavelength can be measured. The reflection intensity distribution of β and the wavelength dependence of the reflection intensity can be obtained.

Therefore, if a diseased tissue such as a cancer tissue is collected as a sample and stored in the ROM, the occurrence of cancer or the like can be found by nondestructive non-invasiveness.

As samples, those measured in various wavelength regions are prepared, and the wavelength region of the light emitted from the light source 12 of the measuring apparatus 1 of the present invention and C
The wavelength range of the light received by the CD 16 is controlled in accordance with the frequency range sampled using a dichroic mirror or a wavelength selective filter so that a wider range of measurement can be performed. Good.

Further, a region α for irradiating the light from the light source 12
It is also possible to measure the composition difference of each part in a wide range by measuring a wide surface by continuously connecting a plurality of regions β to which the light from the light source 12 is not irradiated.

Further, by making the interval of the area α irradiated with the light from the light source 12 wider or narrower than the attenuation length of the tissue in the area α irradiated with the light from the light source 12, the average of scattering in the tissue is averaged. The state of attenuation inside can be measured by measuring the amount or by measuring the state of change of the scattered light C from inside in the region β as the distance from the region α increases.

In this embodiment, the area α to which the light from the light source 12 is irradiated and the area β to which the light from the light source 12 is not irradiated are continuous in a striped pattern. Areas α may be scattered in the area β, or vice versa.

Although the CCD 16 is used as the light receiving element in this embodiment, the invention is not limited to this.
Any light source can be used as long as it can detect the light intensity for each specific portion.

Further, it goes without saying that the lens system and the spatial filter may be arranged between the human body 10 and the CCD 16 to improve the sensitivity to the internal scattered light.

[0031]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects.

The object is irradiated with light such that a region irradiated with light and a region not irradiated with light are continuous with each other,
Since the light intensity in the light-irradiated area and the light intensity in the non-light-irradiated area can be separately detected and measured, the light in the light-irradiated area and the light-unirradiated area can be measured. The component can be measured with high accuracy, and the measurement can be easily performed by nondestructive noninvasive method.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the light transmittance and scattering degree of the object can be measured easily and accurately by nondestructive non-invasive without cutting the sample from the object such as living tissue.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle configuration of an embodiment of a measuring device used in a simple method for measuring light transmittance and scattering degree according to the present invention.

2 (a) is a plan view of a shielding member, FIG.
FIG. 2B is an explanatory view showing the irradiation state of the irradiation light from the light source at the time of measurement, and FIG. 2C is a graph showing the light intensity of the region α and the region β in FIG. 2B.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing surface reflected light and internal scattered light of irradiation light when light is irradiated onto the entire surface of an object to be measured for measurement.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing surface reflected light and internally scattered light of irradiation light when measured according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Measuring Device 10 Human Body 10a Surface 12 Light Source 13 Condenser Lens 14 Shielding Member 14a Hole 14b Mask 15 Projection Lens 16 CCD 18 Processing Device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An object is irradiated with light so that an area irradiated with light from the outside and an area not irradiated with light are continuously positioned, and the light intensity in the area irradiated with the light and the The light transmission is characterized in that the light intensity and the light intensity in a region not irradiated with light are separately detected and measured, and the light transmittance and the scattering degree of the object are obtained based on the measurement result. Method for measuring the degree of scattering and scattering. 2. A light source for irradiating an object with light, mask means for forming an area on the object to be irradiated with the irradiation light from the light source and an area not to be irradiated with the light, and the mask means. From the region irradiated with the irradiation light from the formed light source and the region not irradiated, each has a measuring means for detecting and measuring the light intensity independently, based on the measurement result by the measuring means. A measuring device used for a simple measuring method of the light transmittance and the scattering degree, characterized in that the light transmittance and the scattering degree of the object are obtained.