JPH07190732A - Collision sensor for vehicle - Google Patents
Collision sensor for vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07190732A JPH07190732A JP35007893A JP35007893A JPH07190732A JP H07190732 A JPH07190732 A JP H07190732A JP 35007893 A JP35007893 A JP 35007893A JP 35007893 A JP35007893 A JP 35007893A JP H07190732 A JPH07190732 A JP H07190732A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- vehicle
- fiber
- optical fiber
- leaky optical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
- B60R21/0136—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle, e.g. to vehicle deformation, bumper displacement or bumper velocity relative to the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R2021/0104—Communication circuits for data transmission
- B60R2021/01081—Transmission medium
- B60R2021/01088—Transmission medium wireless
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車等の車両が他の
物体に衝突したことを検出するための車両用衝突センサ
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle collision sensor for detecting that a vehicle such as an automobile has collided with another object.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば自動車が障害物に衝突したとき、
車内に設置したエアバッグやシートベルト等の安全装置
を作動させたり、ブレーキ装置を作動させたりするた
め、その衝突を検知する衝突センサが従来より開発され
ている。その一例としては、例えば実開平2−1108
40号公報に記載されている「物体の接触力検出装置」
がある。これは、大きな押圧力を受けると撓み変形して
接点が閉じる感圧スイッチをテープ状に形成し、これを
無人搬送車のウレタンバンパーの内部に配設した構成で
ある。この構成で、無人搬送車が障害物に衝突すると、
ウレタンバンパーが圧縮変形して感圧スイッチを作動さ
せ、もって衝突検知信号が出力されて急ブレーキが掛け
られるのである。2. Description of the Related Art For example, when an automobile collides with an obstacle,
BACKGROUND ART A collision sensor that detects a collision in order to operate a safety device such as an airbag or a seat belt installed in a vehicle or a brake device has been conventionally developed. As an example, for example, the actual Kaihei 2-1108.
"Object contact force detection device" described in Japanese Patent No. 40
There is. This is a structure in which a pressure-sensitive switch which is bent and deformed when a large pressing force is applied to close the contacts is formed in a tape shape, and is arranged inside a urethane bumper of an automatic guided vehicle. With this configuration, when an automated guided vehicle collides with an obstacle,
The urethane bumper is compressed and deformed to actuate the pressure sensitive switch, and thus a collision detection signal is output and sudden braking is applied.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、車両におい
ては事故そのものを防止するため、或いは装飾性を高め
るために、例えばバンパー部分が光るように構成するこ
とが考えられており(例えば実開昭63−122139
号公報)、安全面や装飾性の面で一定の効果を挙げてい
る。このようにバンパー部分が自ら光りながら、それが
衝突感知機能も有するなら、いっそう有益な筈である。By the way, in order to prevent an accident itself or to enhance the decorativeness of a vehicle, for example, it is considered that a bumper portion is made to shine (for example, the actual opening 63). -122139
No.), a certain effect is provided in terms of safety and decorativeness. It would be even more beneficial if the bumper part shines like this and also has a collision sensing function.
【0004】しかしながら、上記した実開平2−110
840号等に示されている従来の衝突検知センサの構造
では、両者の機能を併せ持つことは不可能で、この点が
未解決の課題として残されていた。However, the above-mentioned actual Kaihei 2-110 is used.
In the structure of the conventional collision detection sensor shown in No. 840 and the like, it is impossible to have both functions, and this point remains as an unsolved problem.
【0005】本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもの
である。その目的は、車両の衝突を確実に感知すること
ができながら、しかも自らが発光して安全面や装飾性の
面でも優れた効果を発揮できる車両用衝突センサを提供
するところにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle collision sensor capable of reliably detecting a vehicle collision and yet exhibiting excellent effects in terms of safety and decorativeness by emitting light by itself.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項1の発明に係る車
両用衝突センサは、車両の外面部に沿って少なくとも一
部が露出して設けられた漏洩光ファイバと、この漏洩光
ファイバの一端側に光を入射させる投光部と、漏洩光フ
ァイバの他端側に設けられてそのファイバからの光を受
ける受光部と、この受光部への受光量が減少したときに
衝突検知信号を出力する検出回路とを備えた構成に特徴
を有する。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle collision sensor having a leaky optical fiber at least a part of which is exposed along an outer surface of a vehicle, and one end of the leaky optical fiber. Side light-incident part, a light-receiving part provided at the other end of the leaky optical fiber for receiving light from that fiber, and a collision detection signal output when the amount of light received by this light-receiving part decreases And a detection circuit for
【0007】この場合、投光部に漏洩光ファイバへの入
射光の波長を選択するフィルタを設けてもよく(請求項
2の発明)、また、それらのフィルタは車両の走行状態
に応じていずれかを選択的に有効化する構成としてもよ
い(請求項3の発明)。また、漏洩光ファイバは、可撓
性を有する透光性チューブと、その内部に充填されて可
撓性を有し、屈折率が前記透光性チューブよりも低い透
光性コアとから構成することもできる(請求項4の発
明)。In this case, the light projecting section may be provided with a filter for selecting the wavelength of the light incident on the leaky optical fiber (the invention of claim 2), and these filters may be selected depending on the running condition of the vehicle. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for selectively activating either of them (the invention of claim 3). The leaky optical fiber is composed of a transparent light-transmitting tube and a transparent light-transmitting core filled in the flexible light-transmitting tube and having a refractive index lower than that of the light-transmitting tube. It is also possible (the invention of claim 4).
【0008】[0008]
【作用】請求項1の発明において、投光部から漏洩光フ
ァイバに光が入射されると、一部は受光部に到達し、一
部はそのファイバから外に漏れ出る。漏洩光ファイバは
車両の外側面に沿って露出して設けられているから、車
両の外側からは、ファイバは自らが発光するように見
え、特に暗い場所での車両自体の視認性が著しく高くな
り、また、装飾的な効果も期待できる。万一、車両が障
害物と衝突して車両の外側面に位置するファイバに強い
力が作用すると、そのファイバの破断或いは圧縮等の変
形により、ファイバの一端側から入射した光が他端側に
到達しなくなり、或いは到達量が減少し、これに基づき
検知回路が作動して衝突検知信号が出力される。According to the first aspect of the invention, when light is incident on the leaky optical fiber from the light projecting portion, part of the light reaches the light receiving portion and part of the light leaks out of the fiber. Since the leaky optical fiber is exposed along the outside surface of the vehicle, the fiber looks like it emits light from the outside of the vehicle, and the visibility of the vehicle itself becomes significantly high especially in a dark place. Also, a decorative effect can be expected. If a vehicle collides with an obstacle and a strong force is applied to the fiber located on the outer surface of the vehicle, the fiber may break or be deformed such as compressed, causing the light incident from one end of the fiber to reach the other end. It does not arrive or the arrival amount decreases, and the detection circuit operates based on this, and a collision detection signal is output.
【0009】請求項2の発明のように投光部にフィルタ
を設けると、漏洩光ファイバを所望の色で発光させるこ
とができ、さらに請求項3の発明のように、フィルタを
複数種設け、それらを車両の走行状態に応じて選択的に
有効化すると、漏洩光ファイバが発光する光の色によっ
て外部から車両の走行状態を視認することができるよう
になる。また、漏洩光ファイバを、請求項4の発明のよ
うな構成とすると、そのファイバ自体が可撓性に富むこ
とになるから、車両の外側面に沿わせて配置するに当た
り、外側面形状に対する追従性が高くなって配置上の自
由度が高くなる。If a filter is provided in the light projecting section as in the second aspect of the invention, the leaky optical fiber can emit light in a desired color. Further, as in the third aspect of the invention, a plurality of types of filters are provided, By selectively activating them according to the running state of the vehicle, the running state of the vehicle can be visually recognized from the outside by the color of the light emitted by the leaky optical fiber. Further, when the leaky optical fiber is configured as in the invention of claim 4, since the fiber itself is highly flexible, the optical fiber itself follows the outer surface shape when arranged along the outer surface of the vehicle. And the degree of freedom in arrangement increases.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、車
両の衝突を確実に検知できながら、それ自体が発光する
ため、車両の視認性が高まって安全面に効果があり、し
かも装飾的な効果も期待できる。また、特に請求項2の
発明によれば漏洩光ファイバの発光色を所望な色とする
ことができるので、装飾性の面で一層価値が高まり、請
求項4の発明では、外部から車両の走行状態が確認でき
て安全面で一段と効果がある。更に、請求項3の構成と
すれば、漏洩光ファイバが柔軟であるから配置上の自由
度が高くなって一層使い易くなる。As described above, according to the present invention, the collision of the vehicle can be surely detected, but the vehicle itself emits light, so that the visibility of the vehicle is enhanced and there is an effect on safety, and the decoration is also improved. Effect can be expected. Further, in particular, according to the invention of claim 2, since the emission color of the leaky optical fiber can be made a desired color, the value is further enhanced in terms of decorativeness. In the invention of claim 4, the vehicle travels from the outside. The condition can be confirmed and it is more effective in terms of safety. Further, according to the configuration of claim 3, since the leaky optical fiber is flexible, the degree of freedom in arrangement is increased and it becomes easier to use.
【0011】[0011]
【実施例】以下本発明のいくつかの実施例を図面に基づ
いて説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【0012】<第1実施例>この実施例は、本発明の衝
突センサを乗用車における前方の衝突検知システムに適
用した例である。図1に示すように車体11の前部には
ポリウレタンにて一体成形した前部バンパー12が取り
付けられ、その前部バンパー12の外側面に車両の前部
から左右両側部にかけてファイバ収納溝13が形成され
ている(図2参照)。このファイバ収納溝13の全域に
は、漏洩光ファイバ14が図2に示すように一部を露出
させて収納されており、その両端は車両のエンジンルー
ム内に導入されている。<First Embodiment> This embodiment is an example in which the collision sensor of the present invention is applied to a front collision detection system in a passenger vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, a front bumper 12 integrally formed of polyurethane is attached to the front of the vehicle body 11, and a fiber storage groove 13 is formed on the outer surface of the front bumper 12 from the front of the vehicle to both left and right sides. Formed (see FIG. 2). A leaky optical fiber 14 is stored in the entire fiber storage groove 13 with a part thereof exposed as shown in FIG. 2, and both ends thereof are introduced into the engine room of the vehicle.
【0013】上述の漏洩光ファイバ14は次のようにし
て製造されたものである。すなわち、可撓性を有する透
光性チューブ14aとして透明なポリ塩化ビニルチュー
ブを利用し(例えば外径3mm、内径2mm)、その内部に
光透過性の液状シリコーンエラストマーを充填して硬化
させる。硬化したシリコーンエラストマーは可撓性を有
する透光性コア14bとなり、透光性チューブ14aと
共に漏洩光ファイバ14全体として柔軟で可撓性に富ん
だ構造となる。なお、この漏洩光ファイバ14は、図2
に示すように、内部の透光性コア14bを透光性チュー
ブ14aが包囲した二層構造となるが、通信等のための
光導波路として利用される通常の光ファイバとは逆に、
外側に位置するポリ塩化ビニルよりも内側に位置するシ
リコーンエラストマーの方が光の屈折率が低いから、透
光性コア14bから透光性チューブ14aへの境界では
全反射が起こらず、透光性コア14b内から透光性チュ
ーブ14a内へ容易に光が進入し、ここから外に相当量
の光が漏洩する。The leaky optical fiber 14 described above is manufactured as follows. That is, a transparent polyvinyl chloride tube is used as the light-transmitting tube 14a having flexibility (for example, outer diameter 3 mm, inner diameter 2 mm), and a light-transmitting liquid silicone elastomer is filled therein and cured. The cured silicone elastomer becomes the flexible light-transmitting core 14b, and together with the light-transmitting tube 14a, the leaky optical fiber 14 has a soft and highly flexible structure. The leaky optical fiber 14 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the inner transparent core 14b has a two-layer structure in which the transparent tube 14a surrounds it. However, contrary to a normal optical fiber used as an optical waveguide for communication,
Since the refractive index of light is lower in the silicone elastomer located inside than in the polyvinyl chloride located outside, total reflection does not occur at the boundary from the light-transmitting core 14b to the light-transmitting tube 14a, and the light-transmitting property is low. Light easily enters the inside of the translucent tube 14a from the inside of the core 14b, and a considerable amount of light leaks out from there.
【0014】さて、上記漏洩光ファイバ14の一端側は
エンジンルーム内に設けた投光ユニット20内に導入さ
れている。この投光ユニット20内には、図4に示すよ
うに反射鏡21を備えたハロゲンランプやキセノンラン
プ等の白熱灯形のランプ22が設けられると共に、その
反射鏡21の光軸と同軸になるように前記漏洩光ファイ
バ14の端部がホルダ23によって保持されている。ホ
ルダ23にはファイバ14と同軸に集光レンズ24が設
けられており、ランプ22からの光が漏洩光ファイバ1
4に平行に入射するようにされている。また、ホルダ2
3と反射鏡21との間には円形のフィルタ板25が反射
鏡21及びファイバ14の光軸から外した軸26を中心
に回転自在に設けられており、このフィルタ板25に形
成した4種類の円形のフィルタ25a〜25dがランプ
22とファイバ14との間に選択的に位置できるように
なっている。なお、図5において各フィルタ25a〜2
5dを区別するため、それらの部分に異なる斜線を付し
て表示してある。各フィルタ25a〜25dにて、ラン
プ22から漏洩光ファイバ14への入射光の波長が選択
され、フィルタ25a〜25dのいずれが対応するかに
よって特定波長の、すなわち特定色の光が漏洩光ファイ
バ14内に入射する。また、フィルタ板25の軸26は
モータ27により所定の定速度で回転されるようになっ
ており、従って、ファイバ14に入射される光の色は所
定の周期で繰り返し変化する。これらの構成は、漏洩光
ファイバ14の一端側に光を入射させる投光部を構成す
る。One end of the leaky optical fiber 14 is introduced into a light projecting unit 20 provided in the engine room. As shown in FIG. 4, an incandescent lamp 22 such as a halogen lamp or a xenon lamp having a reflecting mirror 21 is provided in the light projecting unit 20, and is coaxial with the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 21. Thus, the end portion of the leaky optical fiber 14 is held by the holder 23. The holder 23 is provided with a condenser lens 24 coaxially with the fiber 14 so that the light from the lamp 22 leaks out from the optical fiber 1.
It is designed to be incident on 4 in parallel. Also, the holder 2
A circular filter plate 25 is rotatably provided between the reflector 3 and the reflecting mirror 21 around an axis 26 off the optical axes of the reflecting mirror 21 and the fiber 14, and four types are formed on the filter plate 25. Circular filters 25a-25d are selectively positioned between the lamp 22 and the fiber 14. In addition, in FIG. 5, each of the filters 25a to 25a
In order to distinguish 5d, those portions are displayed with different diagonal lines. In each of the filters 25a to 25d, the wavelength of the incident light from the lamp 22 to the leaky optical fiber 14 is selected, and depending on which of the filters 25a to 25d corresponds, light of a specific wavelength, that is, a specific color is leaked into the leaky optical fiber 14. Incident on the inside. Further, the shaft 26 of the filter plate 25 is rotated by the motor 27 at a predetermined constant speed, so that the color of the light incident on the fiber 14 repeatedly changes at a predetermined cycle. These configurations configure a light projecting unit that causes light to enter one end of the leaky optical fiber 14.
【0015】一方、漏洩光ファイバ14の他端側は、や
はりエンジンルーム内に設けた受光ユニット30内に導
入され、ここに図6に示すような受光部が設けられてい
る。すなわち、ファイバ14の他端部が円筒状のホルダ
31内に挿入されて保持され、そのホルダ31の反対側
にフォトトランジスタ32が受光面をファイバ14の端
面側に向けて保持されている。そして、上記フォトトラ
ンジスタ32とファイバ14の端部との間にはホルダ3
3を介して集光レンズ34が固定されており、ファイバ
14の端部から放射される光を集光してフォトトランジ
スタ32に導くようになっている。On the other hand, the other end of the leaky optical fiber 14 is introduced into the light receiving unit 30 also provided in the engine room, and the light receiving portion as shown in FIG. 6 is provided therein. That is, the other end of the fiber 14 is inserted and held in the cylindrical holder 31, and the phototransistor 32 is held on the opposite side of the holder 31 with the light-receiving surface facing the end face of the fiber 14. The holder 3 is provided between the phototransistor 32 and the end of the fiber 14.
A condenser lens 34 is fixed via 3 to guide the light emitted from the end of the fiber 14 to the phototransistor 32.
【0016】そして、上記フォトトランジスタ32は図
7に示すように検出回路40に接続されている。ここ
で、コンパレータ41は抵抗42,43により分圧され
た基準電圧と、フォトトランジスタ32のエミッタ電圧
とを比較するようになっており、フォトトランジスタ3
2への入射光量が減少してエミッタ電圧が低下すると、
コンパレータ41の出力端子がハイレベルに引き上げら
れて衝突検知信号Sが出力される。なお、この実施例で
は、この衝突検知信号Sは図示しないエアバッグの作動
回路に与えられてエアバッグのインフレータを作動させ
るようになっている。The phototransistor 32 is connected to the detection circuit 40 as shown in FIG. The comparator 41 compares the reference voltage divided by the resistors 42 and 43 with the emitter voltage of the phototransistor 32.
When the amount of incident light on 2 decreases and the emitter voltage decreases,
The output terminal of the comparator 41 is pulled up to a high level and the collision detection signal S is output. In this embodiment, the collision detection signal S is applied to an airbag operating circuit (not shown) to activate the inflator of the airbag.
【0017】次に、本実施例の作用について説明する。
車内の所定のスイッチを操作すると、投光ユニット20
のランプ22が点灯されると共に、モータ27が回転さ
れる。モータ27の回転によってフィルタ板25の4種
類のフィルタ25a〜25dがランプ22と漏洩光ファ
イバ14の端部との間に順に介在するようになる。この
とき、各フィルタ25a〜25dの境界部分では光が通
過しないから、4色の光が所定の周期で点滅しながら順
に漏洩光ファイバ14内に入射することになる。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When a predetermined switch in the vehicle is operated, the light emitting unit 20
The lamp 22 is turned on and the motor 27 is rotated. By the rotation of the motor 27, the four kinds of filters 25a to 25d of the filter plate 25 are sequentially interposed between the lamp 22 and the end portion of the leaky optical fiber 14. At this time, since light does not pass through the boundary portions of the filters 25a to 25d, the light of four colors sequentially enters the leaky optical fiber 14 while blinking at a predetermined cycle.
【0018】ファイバ14内に入射した光は、そのファ
イバ14内を伝わるが、ファイバ14の透光性チューブ
14aは透光性コア14bよりも屈折率が大きいため、
その透光性コア14b内に閉じこめられることなく、他
端側に向けて伝わるうちに徐々に外部に漏洩することに
なる。従って、漏洩光ファイバ14を外から観察する
と、そのファイバ14自体が全域にわたって輝いて見
え、夜間でも車両を容易に視認できるようになり、ま
た、装飾的な機能も発揮する。しかも、特に本実施例で
は、フィルタ板25を回転させてファイバ14に4色の
光が順次入射するようにしたから、前部バンパー12部
分が様々な色で点滅することになり、車両の視認性が向
上して安全性が高まるうえ、装飾性も一段と高くなる。The light incident on the fiber 14 propagates through the fiber 14, but the transparent tube 14a of the fiber 14 has a larger refractive index than the transparent core 14b.
Without being confined in the translucent core 14b, it gradually leaks to the outside while being transmitted to the other end side. Therefore, when the leaky optical fiber 14 is observed from the outside, the fiber 14 itself looks bright over the entire area, the vehicle can be easily visually recognized even at night, and the decorative function is exerted. Moreover, in particular, in this embodiment, since the filter plate 25 is rotated so that the light of four colors is sequentially incident on the fiber 14, the front bumper 12 portion blinks in various colors, so that the vehicle can be visually recognized. In addition to improved safety and safety, decorativeness is also enhanced.
【0019】一方、ファイバ14内に入射した光の一部
は、ファイバ14の他端部に到達し、受光ユニット30
内のフォトトランジスタ32内に入射される。漏洩光フ
ァイバ14の状態に変化がなければ、フォトトランジス
タ32に到達する光量に変化はないから、コンパレータ
41の出力はローレベルのままである。On the other hand, a part of the light incident on the fiber 14 reaches the other end of the fiber 14 and the light receiving unit 30
It is incident on the inside of the phototransistor 32. If there is no change in the state of the leaky optical fiber 14, the amount of light reaching the phototransistor 32 does not change, so the output of the comparator 41 remains at a low level.
【0020】ところが、万一、車両が障害物に衝突した
場合には、前部バンパー12に装備された漏洩光ファイ
バ14に大きな力が作用し、これが強く圧縮されたり、
破断したりする。ファイバ14が破断に至れば、勿論、
投光ユニット20からの光が受光ユニット30には到達
しなくなるから、フォトトランジスタ32へ光が入射し
ないようになり、検知回路40のコンパレータ41は反
転動作してハイレベルの衝突検知信号Sが出力されるこ
とになる。これにてエアバッグのインフレータが作動し
てエアバッグが膨張し、乗員の安全が確保される。However, should the vehicle collide with an obstacle, a large force acts on the leaky optical fiber 14 mounted on the front bumper 12 and it is strongly compressed.
It breaks. If the fiber 14 breaks, of course,
Since the light from the light projecting unit 20 does not reach the light receiving unit 30, the light does not enter the phototransistor 32, and the comparator 41 of the detection circuit 40 inverts to output the high-level collision detection signal S. Will be done. As a result, the inflator of the airbag operates to inflate the airbag, thus ensuring the safety of the occupant.
【0021】また、漏洩光ファイバ14が破断に至らな
くとも、同様に検知回路40から衝突検知信号Sが出力
される。すなわち、漏洩光ファイバ14の一端側から他
端側に向けて光が伝送されている場合において、そのフ
ァイバ14が圧力を受けて潰されると、漏洩光が大きく
増大する。その様子を図8のグラフに示した。このグラ
フは、直線状に配置した漏洩光ファイバ14の途中部分
を樹脂板にて挟み付け、その圧力を横軸にとると共に、
ファイバ14の入射光に対する減衰を測定してデシベル
単位で縦軸にとって表示したものである。ここからも漏
洩光ファイバ14が側圧を受けて圧縮されると、伝送光
の大きな減衰が生ずることが窺われる。従って、本実施
例では、上述のように車両の衝突事故が発生した場合に
あって、障害物が漏洩光ファイバ14に直接に衝突せ
ず、その破断に至らなかったときでも、そのファイバ1
4の異常な屈曲や圧縮等の変形によってフォトトランジ
スタ32への入射光量が大きく減少するから、検知回路
40のコンパレータ41から衝突検知信号Sが出力さ
れ、エアバッグが膨張して乗員の安全が確保されること
になる。Even if the leaky optical fiber 14 is not broken, the detection circuit 40 similarly outputs the collision detection signal S. That is, when light is transmitted from one end side of the leaky optical fiber 14 toward the other end side, if the fiber 14 is pressed and crushed, the leaked light greatly increases. The situation is shown in the graph of FIG. In this graph, the middle portion of the linearly arranged leaky optical fiber 14 is sandwiched between resin plates, and the pressure is plotted on the horizontal axis.
The attenuation of the fiber 14 with respect to the incident light is measured and displayed in units of decibel on the vertical axis. From this point as well, it can be seen that when the leaky optical fiber 14 receives lateral pressure and is compressed, the transmitted light is greatly attenuated. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the case where a vehicle collision accident occurs as described above, even if the obstacle does not directly collide with the leaky optical fiber 14 and the breakage thereof does not occur, the fiber 1 is not broken.
Since the amount of incident light on the phototransistor 32 is greatly reduced due to the deformation such as the abnormal bending and the compression of 4, the collision detection signal S is output from the comparator 41 of the detection circuit 40, the airbag is inflated, and the safety of the occupant is secured. Will be done.
【0022】このように本実施例によれば、前部バンパ
ー12に装着した漏洩光ファイバ14が自ら発光するか
ら、夜間でも車両を容易に視認できて安全性が高くな
り、また装飾的な機能も発揮する。しかも、特に本実施
例では、前部バンパー12部分が様々な色に変化しなが
ら点滅するから、車両の視認性が向上するだけでなく、
装飾性も一層高くなる。また、このような視覚的効果だ
けでなく、万一、車両が衝突事故を起こして前部バンパ
ー12に衝撃が加わったときには、漏洩光ファイバ14
の破断或いは圧縮に基づいて検知回路40から衝突検知
信号Sを直ちに出力させることができ、衝突検知機能も
併せ持つ。As described above, according to this embodiment, since the leaky optical fiber 14 mounted on the front bumper 12 emits light by itself, the vehicle can be easily visually recognized even at night, the safety is enhanced, and the decorative function is provided. Also exerts. Moreover, particularly in the present embodiment, the front bumper 12 portion blinks while changing to various colors, so that not only the visibility of the vehicle is improved, but also
The decorativeness is also higher. In addition to such a visual effect, the leakage optical fiber 14 should not be damaged if the vehicle crashes and the front bumper 12 is impacted.
It is possible to immediately output the collision detection signal S from the detection circuit 40 on the basis of the breakage or compression, and also has a collision detection function.
【0023】<第2実施例>図9及び図10は本発明の
第2実施例を示す。この実施例では、前記第1実施例と
同様の漏洩光ファイバ14を車体11の側部に装備して
車両側面の装飾性向上及び側突検出を同時に可能にした
ものである。従って、漏洩光ファイバ14、投光ユニッ
ト20、受光ユニット30及び検知回路40の構成は第
1実施例と同様であり、重複説明を省略して異なるとこ
ろを説明する(なお、同一部分には同一符号を付す)。<Second Embodiment> FIGS. 9 and 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same leaky optical fiber 14 as that of the first embodiment is mounted on the side portion of the vehicle body 11 so that the decorativeness of the side surface of the vehicle can be improved and the side collision can be detected at the same time. Therefore, the configurations of the leaky optical fiber 14, the light projecting unit 20, the light receiving unit 30, and the detection circuit 40 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a duplicate description will be omitted and different points will be described (note that the same portions are the same. With a sign).
【0024】この実施例では、漏洩光ファイバ14は、
車両の左右両側部のフェンダー部、前部ドア部、後部ド
ア部及び後部トランク部にかけて前後方向にに一直線状
に延びるように装着されている(図9には車両左側のみ
に現れる)。その装着のために4本のプラスチック製の
ホルダ50が利用されている。このホルダ50は長い帯
状をなしており、図10に示すように外側面にファイバ
収容溝51が長手方向に沿って連続的に形成され、その
反対側の側面が車両のボディ外板に間欠的なボルト締め
(図示せず)によって固定されている(接着剤にて固定
することもできる)。ファイバ収納溝51には上記漏洩
光ファイバ14が半分を露出させた状態で嵌め込まれて
固定され、そのファイバ14の両端がボディ内部に導入
されている。各ファイバ14の両端部には、それぞれ投
光ユニット20及び受光ユニット30が連結され、前記
実施例と同様に投光ユニット20から4色の光が漏洩光
ファイバ14に順次入射され、受光ユニット30にて漏
洩光ファイバ14を伝送されてきた光が検出される。In this embodiment, the leaky optical fiber 14 is
It is mounted so as to extend in a straight line in the front-rear direction to the fender portion, the front door portion, the rear door portion, and the rear trunk portion on both left and right sides of the vehicle (only on the left side of the vehicle in FIG. 9). Four plastic holders 50 are used for the mounting. This holder 50 has a long strip shape, and as shown in FIG. 10, a fiber housing groove 51 is continuously formed on the outer surface along the longitudinal direction, and the opposite side surface is intermittently formed on the vehicle body outer plate. It is fixed by various bolts (not shown) (it can be fixed with an adhesive). The leaky optical fiber 14 is fitted and fixed in the fiber housing groove 51 with half of the fiber exposed, and both ends of the fiber 14 are introduced into the body. A light projecting unit 20 and a light receiving unit 30 are connected to both ends of each fiber 14, and light of four colors is sequentially incident on the leaky optical fiber 14 from the light projecting unit 20 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. At, the light transmitted through the leaky optical fiber 14 is detected.
【0025】この実施例によっても、車両の左右両側部
に装備された漏洩光ファイバ14部分が様々な色で光る
ことになり、車両の視認性が向上して安全性が高まり、
しかも装飾性も高くなる。また、万一、車両の側面部に
おいて衝突が発生した場合には、前記実施例と同様にフ
ァイバ14の破断或いは変形等に基づいて伝送光量が減
少し、これにて検知回路40から衝突検出信号Sが直ち
に出力されるようになる。Also in this embodiment, the leaky optical fibers 14 provided on both the left and right sides of the vehicle shine in various colors, the visibility of the vehicle is improved and the safety is improved.
Moreover, decorativeness is also enhanced. If a collision occurs on the side surface of the vehicle, the amount of transmitted light decreases due to the breakage or deformation of the fiber 14 as in the above embodiment, and the collision detection signal from the detection circuit 40 is thereby generated. S will be output immediately.
【0026】なお、本発明は上記両実施例に限定される
ものではなく、例えば次のような態様で実施することも
できる。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be carried out in the following modes, for example.
【0027】(イ)上記両実施例では、投光部に回転す
るフィルタ板25を設けて漏洩光ファイバ14に入射さ
せる光の波長を周期的に異ならせるようにしたが、これ
に限らず、例えば図11に示すようにフィルタを省略し
てランプ22からの白色光を反射鏡21にて集光し、こ
れを集光レンズ24を通して漏洩光ファイバ14の端部
から入射させる構成でもよく、また、図示はしないがフ
ィルタを固定的に設けてもよく、これらの構成も本発明
にいう「漏洩光ファイバの一端側に光を入射させる投光
部」の概念に含まれることは勿論である。(A) In both of the above embodiments, the rotating filter plate 25 is provided in the light projecting portion so that the wavelength of the light incident on the leaky optical fiber 14 is periodically made different, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the filter may be omitted, and the white light from the lamp 22 may be condensed by the reflecting mirror 21 and may be incident from the end of the leaky optical fiber 14 through the condenser lens 24. Although not shown, a filter may be fixedly provided, and these configurations are of course included in the concept of the “projection unit for making light incident on one end side of the leaky optical fiber” in the present invention.
【0028】(ロ)また、投光部に複数種のフィルタを
設けて漏洩光ファイバに入射させる光の色を異ならせる
にしても、車両の走行状態に応じてそのフィルタのいず
れかを選択的に有効化させて漏洩光ファイバの発光色を
車両の走行状態に応じて変化させる構成としても良い。
この場合、例えば車両の走行速度を検出してその速度に
応じて漏洩光ファイバの発光色を異ならせる構成でも良
く、また通常の速度で走行しているときには例えば緑色
に発色させ、車両のブレーキが作動状態にあるときには
例えば赤色に発色させる構成でも良い。(B) Even if a plurality of types of filters are provided in the light projecting section and the colors of light incident on the leaky optical fiber are made different, one of the filters is selectively selected according to the running state of the vehicle. Alternatively, the light emission color of the leaky optical fiber may be changed according to the running state of the vehicle.
In this case, for example, a configuration may be adopted in which the traveling speed of the vehicle is detected and the emission color of the leaky optical fiber is changed according to the traveling speed, and when traveling at a normal speed, for example, it is colored in green, and the vehicle brake is applied. For example, the configuration may be such that, for example, red color is generated when in the operating state.
【0029】(ハ)また、投光部には、必ずしも白熱灯
形のランプを利用せずとも、レーザーダイオードや発光
ダイオードを利用してもよい。例えばレーザーダイオー
ドを利用する場合には光が一方向に放射されるから、図
12に示すように、円筒状のホルダ61の一端部に漏洩
光ファイバ14の一端部を挿入して固定し、他端部にレ
ーザーダイオード62を挿入して固定する簡素な構造と
することができる。(C) Further, in the light projecting portion, a laser diode or a light emitting diode may be used without necessarily using an incandescent lamp. For example, when a laser diode is used, light is emitted in one direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, one end of the leaky optical fiber 14 is inserted and fixed to one end of a cylindrical holder 61, and the other end is fixed. A simple structure in which the laser diode 62 is inserted and fixed at the end can be adopted.
【0030】(ニ)漏洩光ファイバとしては、必ずしも
前記各実施例のようにポリ塩化ビニルチューブとシリコ
ーンエラストマーとの組合わせに限らず、透光性チュー
ブの素材としてはポリエチレン、ポリエステル、シリコ
ンゴム、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ弗化ビニル、ポリ弗化ビ
ニリデン等が利用でき、透光性コアの素材としてはサー
モエラストマーや液状硬化物が利用できる。また、前記
実施例のように透光性チューブ及び透光性コア樹脂の双
方に可撓性を有する材料を使用すると漏洩光ファイバが
曲げ易くなって形状的な自由度が高まるという利点が得
られるが、必ずしもそのようにせずとも、例えば硬質の
アクリル樹脂やポリカーボネイト樹脂或いはガラス等の
硬質材料を透光性コア樹脂として使用してもよい。ま
た、必ずしも透光性チューブ及び透光性コア樹脂の二層
構造としなくとも、透光性材料の単層構造のファイバで
あってもよく、要するに光を漏洩させながら一端側から
他端側へと導くことができるならば、本発明の漏洩光フ
ァイバとして利用することができる。(D) The leaky optical fiber is not limited to the combination of the polyvinyl chloride tube and the silicone elastomer as in the above embodiments, but the material of the transparent tube is polyethylene, polyester, silicon rubber, Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc. can be used, and as the material of the translucent core, a thermoelastomer or a liquid cured product can be used. In addition, the use of a flexible material for both the light-transmitting tube and the light-transmitting core resin as in the above-described embodiment has the advantage that the leaky optical fiber is easily bent and the degree of freedom in shape is increased. However, it is not always necessary to do so, and a hard material such as a hard acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, or glass may be used as the translucent core resin. Further, the fiber having a single-layer structure of a translucent material may not necessarily be a two-layer structure of a translucent tube and a translucent core resin, and in short, while leaking light from one end side to the other end side. If it can be derived, it can be used as the leaky optical fiber of the present invention.
【0031】(ホ)また、漏洩光ファイバとしては、フ
ァイバ中(二層構造とする場合には透光性チューブ中又
は透光性コア樹脂中)に光散乱用の微粒子を混入したも
のも利用でき、これにて光漏洩量が増大するからファイ
バの発光輝度が高まる。更に、この構成の場合、混入す
る微粒子の分布を光の入射端側ほど低密度となるような
傾斜密度分布とすれば、ファイバの光漏洩量を長さ方向
にわたって均一化してファイバ全体を均一に発光させる
ことができる。(E) Further, as the leaky optical fiber, one in which fine particles for light scattering are mixed in the fiber (in a transparent tube or a transparent core resin in the case of a two-layer structure) is also used. As a result, the amount of light leakage increases, so that the emission brightness of the fiber increases. Further, in the case of this configuration, if the distribution of the fine particles to be mixed is made to be a gradient density distribution in which the density becomes lower toward the incident end side of the light, the amount of light leakage of the fiber is made uniform along the length direction and the entire fiber is made uniform. It can emit light.
【0032】その他、本発明は各実施例に示したような
乗用車に適用するに限らず、無人搬送車等の荷物搬送用
車両に適用する等、要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々変更
して実施することができる。In addition, the present invention is not limited to the passenger cars as shown in the embodiments, but may be applied to a baggage carrying vehicle such as an unmanned guided vehicle with various modifications within the scope not departing from the gist. can do.
【図1】本発明の第1実施例を示す車両の斜視図FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】バンパーの断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a bumper
【図3】一部を断面にて示す漏洩光ファイバの斜視図FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a leaky optical fiber, a part of which is shown in section.
【図4】投光部の断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a light projecting portion.
【図5】フィルタ板の正面図FIG. 5 is a front view of the filter plate.
【図6】受光部の断面図FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a light receiving portion.
【図7】検出回路の回路図FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a detection circuit.
【図8】漏洩光ファイバの光減衰曲線FIG. 8: Optical attenuation curve of leaky optical fiber
【図9】本発明の第2実施例を示す車両の斜視図FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a vehicle showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図10】第2実施例での漏洩光ファイバの取り付け状
態を示す断面図FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an attached state of a leaky optical fiber according to a second embodiment.
【図11】投光部の変形例を示す断面図FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the light projecting unit.
【図12】投光部の異なる変形例を示す断面図FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the light projecting section.
12…前部バンパー 14…漏洩光ファイバ 14a…透光性チューブ 14b…透光性コア樹脂 20…投光ユニット 25…フィルタ板 25a〜25d…フィルタ 30…受光ユニット 12 ... Front bumper 14 ... Leakage optical fiber 14a ... Translucent tube 14b ... Translucent core resin 20 ... Light projecting unit 25 ... Filter plate 25a-25d ... Filter 30 ... Light receiving unit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 河村 誠人 三重県四日市市西末広町1番14号 住友電 装株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masato Kawamura 1-14 Nishisuehiro-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd.
Claims (4)
露出して設けられた漏洩光ファイバと、この漏洩光ファ
イバの一端側に光を入射させる投光部と、前記漏洩光フ
ァイバの他端側に設けられてそのファイバからの光を受
ける受光部と、この受光部への受光量が減少したときに
衝突検知信号を出力する検出回路とを備えてなる車両用
衝突センサ。1. A leaky optical fiber which is provided so that at least a part thereof is exposed along an outer surface of a vehicle, a light projecting section which allows light to enter one end side of the leaky optical fiber, and the other leaky optical fiber. A vehicle collision sensor comprising a light receiving portion provided on an end side for receiving light from the fiber, and a detection circuit for outputting a collision detection signal when the amount of light received by the light receiving portion decreases.
波長を選択するフィルタが設けられていることを特徴と
する請求項1記載の車両用衝突センサ。2. The vehicle collision sensor according to claim 1, wherein the light projecting portion is provided with a filter for selecting a wavelength of light incident on the leaky optical fiber.
れ、これらは車両の走行状態に応じて選択的に有効化さ
れることを特徴とする請求項2記載の車両用衝突セン
サ。3. The vehicle collision sensor according to claim 2, wherein the light projecting unit is provided with a plurality of types of filters, and these filters are selectively activated according to a running state of the vehicle.
性チューブと、この透光性チューブ内に充填されて可撓
性を有し、屈折率が前記透光性チューブより低い透光性
コアとから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1な
いし請求項3のいずれかに記載の車両用衝突センサ。4. The leaky optical fiber comprises a light-transmitting tube having flexibility, and a light-transmitting tube filled with the light-transmitting tube having flexibility and having a refractive index lower than that of the light-transmitting tube. The collision sensor for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the collision sensor is formed of a flexible core.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP35007893A JP2856058B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Vehicle collision sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP35007893A JP2856058B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Vehicle collision sensor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07190732A true JPH07190732A (en) | 1995-07-28 |
JP2856058B2 JP2856058B2 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
Family
ID=18408088
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP35007893A Expired - Fee Related JP2856058B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Vehicle collision sensor |
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JP2003510216A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2003-03-18 | ビステオン グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Vehicle impact sensor system |
DE10315608A1 (en) * | 2003-04-05 | 2004-10-21 | Volkswagen Ag | Optical sensor with elongate light conducting element such as for deformation elements of a vehicle the sensor being made up of several film layers |
CN1798673A (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-07-05 | 西门子公司 | Sensor system for detecting a collision with a pedestrian |
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