JPH07190065A - Sliding member - Google Patents
Sliding memberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07190065A JPH07190065A JP35280893A JP35280893A JPH07190065A JP H07190065 A JPH07190065 A JP H07190065A JP 35280893 A JP35280893 A JP 35280893A JP 35280893 A JP35280893 A JP 35280893A JP H07190065 A JPH07190065 A JP H07190065A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sliding
- shaft
- unevenness
- wear
- test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は，各種産業機器，事務機
器，輸送機器などの軸受部，或いはスライド摺動部材，
その製法及びその使用方法に関する。これ等の部分は互
いに摺動する二つの部品から構成され，一般的には軸と
軸受部，或いはスライドとスライド受け部などから構成
されている。これ等は互いに７になって摺動部を形成す
るが，本発明においては主として上述の軸或いはスライ
ド部を謂うが，特殊な態様の場合には受け部を指すこと
もあり，以下，軸或いはスライド部を総称して軸と略称
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing portion of various industrial equipment, office equipment, transportation equipment, or a slide sliding member,
The manufacturing method and the usage method thereof. These parts are composed of two parts that slide with each other, and generally are composed of a shaft and a bearing part, or a slide and a slide receiving part. These form 7 together to form a sliding portion. In the present invention, the above-mentioned shaft or sliding portion is mainly referred to, but in a special mode, it may also refer to a receiving portion. The slide portion is generically referred to as a shaft.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来，軸受などと摺動する軸は切削工具
を用いて切削加工で仕上られるか，或いは砥粒，研磨紙
などを用いて研磨加工にて仕上げられる。これ等の加工
方法を用いた仕上げ表面は，微細に見れば二次元的に加
工工具の移動した痕跡の方向性を有する。（参考資料参
照）又従来の摺動面に対する仕上げは鏡面の如く仕上
げ，凹凸を可及的に小さくすることが部材の摩耗を減ら
す良好な方法とも見られる向きもあった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shaft that slides on a bearing or the like is finished by cutting with a cutting tool, or is finished by polishing with abrasive grains, polishing paper, or the like. The finished surface using these processing methods has the directionality of the traces of the movement of the processing tool in two dimensions when viewed finely. (Refer to the reference material) Moreover, there was also a tendency that the conventional finish for the sliding surface was mirror-like finish, and reducing the unevenness as much as possible was a good method to reduce the wear of the member.
【０００３】又これ等摺動部の材料面から見れば，近
年，液状潤滑剤を用いる摺動方式と共に，特に精密機器
にては乾燥状態で使用される摺動部材が増えてきた。こ
の後者の場合には，自己潤滑性の優れたプラスチック材
料，或いは母材（マトリックス）がプラスチック材料
で，それに４フッ化エチレン樹脂，鱗片状黒鉛，２硫化
モリブデンなどの固体潤滑剤を充填材とした複合材料も
使用が多くなってきたが，このような材料は，一般に相
手軸表面に移着層を形成することによって，優れた摺動
性を発揮するものとも謂われている。From the viewpoint of the material of these sliding parts, in recent years, along with the sliding method using a liquid lubricant, sliding members used in a dry state particularly in precision equipment have been increasing. In this latter case, the plastic material with excellent self-lubricating property or the base material (matrix) is the plastic material, and the solid lubricant such as tetrafluoroethylene resin, flake graphite, molybdenum disulfide is used as the filler. Although such composite materials have been used more frequently, it is generally said that such materials exhibit excellent slidability by forming a transfer layer on the surface of a mating shaft.
【０００４】従来から使用されている研（切）削加工痕
跡に起因する方向性のある凹凸を持つ摺動表面や，極め
て凹凸を少なくした鏡面仕上げ面の場合，相手軸受材料
から移着膜の形成が不充分で，摺動面が摩耗，損傷を受
け，又一旦かかる損傷が始まると，摩擦の変動やガタツ
キ等のため，摩耗量の加速度増加を来すことがあった。In the case of a sliding surface having a directional unevenness due to a grinding (cutting) machining mark which has been conventionally used, or a mirror-finished surface with extremely small unevenness, a transfer film is transferred from the mating bearing material. Inadequate formation, the sliding surface was subject to wear and damage, and once such damage began, the wear rate could increase due to fluctuations in friction and rattling.
【０００５】最近の傾向として，メンテナンスフリ−へ
の指向，精密機器内でのダスト発生防止等の要請から，
長寿命，高信頼性の摺動材，特に低摩耗性の乾式摺動部
材の開発が急務とされている。このような要請に対し
て，従来は軸受材料側からの改良が中心となって来た。
例えば本発明等の発明に係る特開昭６２−１０１６６号
などが挙げられるが，かかる改善を以てしても，使用条
件が厳しい今日の要請には充分満足出来る状態には至っ
ていない。As a recent tendency, there is a demand for maintenance-free orientation and prevention of dust generation in precision equipment.
There is an urgent need to develop long-life, high-reliability sliding materials, especially low-friction dry sliding members. In response to such demands, conventional improvements have been centered on the bearing material side.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-10166 according to the invention such as the present invention can be mentioned, but even with such improvement, it has not been possible to sufficiently satisfy today's demands under severe usage conditions.
【０００６】又，軸側の点からの改良については，軸材
をより硬くして，摩耗を減らす方向の研究が進められ，
例えば焼入れ（軸が鋼材の場合），硬質メッキ，アルマ
イト加工（軸がアルミニウムの場合），セラミックコ−
ティング（ＣＶＤ法等）などが挙げられる。然しかかる
改良はそれなりの効果もあるが，費用も嵩み，軸の基材
選定範囲の制約も発生し，又その改良効果も今一歩充分
でない憾みがあった。特に複写機，プリンタ−などの熱
定着部のヒ−トロ−ル軸は，均熱性，昇温時間の短縮な
どの要求特性から軟質金属であるアルミニウム合金が，
主に使用されて来たが，耐用性に未だ問題があり，又当
機器の一層の高性能化に伴い，ヒ−トロ−ル軸の損傷に
よるトラブルを解消し得る新規な材料への要求が強い。As for the improvement from the point of the shaft side, research has been advanced in the direction of making the shaft material harder to reduce wear.
For example, quenching (when the shaft is steel), hard plating, alumite processing (when the shaft is aluminum), ceramic coating
And the like (such as the CVD method). However, such improvement has some effects, but the cost is high, the range of selection of the base material of the shaft is limited, and the improvement effect is not satisfactory enough. In particular, for the heat roller shaft of the heat fixing section of copying machines, printers, etc., aluminum alloy, which is a soft metal, is used because of the required characteristics such as heat uniformity and shortening of the temperature rise time.
Although it has been mainly used, there is still a problem in its durability, and with the further improvement in performance of this equipment, there is a demand for a new material that can eliminate the troubles caused by damage to the heat roller shaft. strong.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本願発明は，従来の摺
動材料の問題点を基礎的に追求し，厳しい条件下におい
ても低摩耗，低ダスト，高寿命の摺動部材，特に軸摺動
部材を提供する目的で行われ，以下に述べる意外とも思
われる方法で解決，完成したものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention basically pursues the problems of conventional sliding materials, and has low wear, low dust, and long life even under severe conditions, especially sliding shafts. It was carried out for the purpose of providing members, and it was completed and solved by the method which seems to be surprising as described below.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明においては，軸表
面の形態に着目して鋭意検討の結果，軸表面に，むし
ろ，特定の凹凸を設けることによって，優れた耐摩耗効
果が発現することを見出した。更に敷衍するならば，特
定の凹凸とは，例えばブラスト処理などの手段により，
二次元的に方向性のない，特定の表面粗さ（凹凸）を有
する面を軸表面に形成させることにより，この凹部に移
着した膜を有効に保持，形成させることが出来，軸材
側，軸受材側共に著しく摩耗を少なくすることが出来，
その結果低ダスト，長寿命，低騒音，の課題を一挙に達
成することが出来た。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, as a result of intensive studies focusing on the shape of the shaft surface, it is found that an excellent wear resistance effect is exhibited by providing specific unevenness on the shaft surface. Found. If further spread, the specific unevenness is, for example, by means such as blast treatment.
By forming on the shaft surface a surface having a specific surface roughness (irregularities) that has no two-dimensional orientation, the film transferred to this recess can be effectively held and formed. , Wear on the bearing material side can be significantly reduced,
As a result, the issues of low dust, long life and low noise could be achieved all at once.
【０００９】ここに，二次元的に方向性のない粗さと
は，１０点平均粗さ表示法（ＪＩＳ・ＢＯ６０１・３−
５項６０８頁の定義による）で０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
内，望ましくは１〜１０μｍの範囲内に表面の凹凸が管
理され，かつその凹凸が一定の方向性を有しないランダ
ム状態にあることを謂う。表面粗さがＲｚ表示で０．２
μｍ以下の場合は，鏡面に近くなり，有効な移着膜が保
持，形成されにくいため，効果は薄い。又これが２０μ
ｍを超える場合は摩耗の増加或いは摩耗係数の増加を来
して実用的でない。又このような凹凸加工を施した部分
は摺動する部分の全面（略・１００％）であることが好
ましいが，施さない部分の面積が５０％程度でもその効
力は認められた。Here, the term "roughness having no two-dimensional directionality" means the 10-point average roughness display method (JIS BO601-3.
5) (as defined on page 608), the surface irregularities are controlled within the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, preferably within the range of 1 to 10 μm, and the irregularities are in a random state having no fixed directionality. So-called. Surface roughness is 0.2 in Rz display
When the thickness is less than μm, it is close to a mirror surface, and it is difficult to hold and form an effective transfer film, so the effect is small. This is 20μ
If it exceeds m, wear increases or wear coefficient increases, which is not practical. Further, it is preferable that the portion on which such unevenness processing is applied is the entire surface of the sliding portion (approximately 100%), but the effect was recognized even when the area of the non-treated portion was about 50%.
【００１０】次に，このような方向性を有せず，かつ深
さがＲｚ０．２〜２０μｍの凹凸加工表面を形成する方
法について記す。前記したように機械的回転方式の切削
や研磨方法では方向性のある連続溝が残るので，本願発
明においては好ましくない（参考資料・写真２，３）。
方向性のない，深さのコントロ−ルされた凹凸を設ける
ためには，例えば前記のサンドブラスト法（硬い砂状の
粒子を空気と共に表面に吹き付ける方法，参考資料写真
１）の他，エッチング法（化学薬剤による腐蝕作用によ
る方法，又は電解的に表面を荒らす方法），金属溶射法
（溶融金属をミスト状で吹き付ける方法），カロライズ
法（例えば鉄の表面にアルミニウム微粉を載せて昇温反
応させる方法）等が挙げられる。これ等の方法は主とし
て，金属製軸材料に好適である。経済的にはブラスト法
が安価である。Next, a method for forming a textured surface having no such directivity and a depth of Rz 0.2 to 20 μm will be described. As described above, the mechanical rotation type cutting or polishing method is not preferable in the present invention because continuous directional grooves remain (reference materials and photographs 2 and 3).
In order to provide a non-directional, depth-controlled concavo-convex pattern, for example, in addition to the sand blasting method (a method of blowing hard sandy particles together with air onto the surface, reference material photograph 1), an etching method ( Corrosion by chemical agents, or electrolytically roughening the surface), metal spraying (a method of spraying molten metal in the form of mist), calorizing (a method of placing fine aluminum powder on the surface of iron and causing a temperature rise reaction) ) And the like. These methods are mainly suitable for metal shaft materials. The blast method is economically inexpensive.
【００１１】又非金属材料の場合，例えばエンジニヤリ
ングプラスチック材等の場合には，前記のブラスト法等
の他，成形用金型の内面にブラスト法などにより予め微
細な凹凸を設けて射出成形する方法も量産製品の製造に
は好ましい。In the case of a non-metallic material, for example, an engineering plastic material, injection molding is performed by previously forming fine irregularities on the inner surface of the molding die by a blast method or the like in addition to the blast method described above. The method is also preferable for manufacturing mass-produced products.
【００１２】最近特に電子機器などにおいては，急動，
急停，軽量などの要請から慣性の小さい材料としてアル
ミニウム合金やエンジニヤリング樹脂複合材（芳香族ポ
リエ−テルケトン，ポリアミド，ポリスルホン，ポリア
セタ−ル，ポリアミドイミド，ポリエチレンテレフタレ
−ト等の繊維強化材料）の軽量材料が回転軸やスラスト
部分に用いられることが多くなったが，このような軟質
合金や軟質材料にも，本発明方法は非常に大きな減摩効
果を示すことが見出された。本発明は摺動面の長寿命化
のために，表面を硬くすることは必ずしも必要ではない
が，銅系合金，鉄鋼（不銹鋼材含む）のような硬い材料
に適用しても勿論効果がある。Recently, especially in electronic devices, sudden movement,
Aluminum alloys and engineering resin composites (fiber-reinforced materials such as aromatic polyetherketone, polyamide, polysulfone, polyacetal, polyamide-imide, polyethylene terephthalate) as materials with low inertia due to demands such as sudden stop and light weight It has been found that the light-weight material of No. 1 is often used for the rotary shaft and the thrust portion, and the method of the present invention shows a very large anti-friction effect even for such soft alloys and soft materials. The present invention does not necessarily require that the surface be hardened in order to prolong the life of the sliding surface, but it is of course effective when applied to hard materials such as copper alloys and steel (including stainless steel). is there.
【００１３】また，その硬さ，軽量性，耐熱性，低ＣＴ
Ｅ性等の点からセラミック材料（例えば珪酸系，アルミ
ナ系，炭素系の等方性材料等）が電子機器，プリンタ
−，換気フアン等の内部構成部材，例えば回転軸にも用
いられるようになったが，このようなセラミック材は原
料として微粉を圧縮，成形，焼成して作られるため，丁
度素焼き陶器の表面のように若干の凹凸を有しているの
で，適当に表面の凹凸を残しつつ研磨加工の併用で本願
発明の実施に好適なる表面に加工することも出来る。Moreover, its hardness, light weight, heat resistance, and low CT
From the viewpoint of E property, ceramic materials (for example, isotropic materials such as silicic acid-based, alumina-based, and carbon-based materials) are also used for internal components such as electronic devices, printers, and ventilation fans, such as rotating shafts. However, since such a ceramic material is made by compressing, molding, and firing fine powder as a raw material, it has some irregularities just like the surface of unglazed pottery, so while leaving the irregularities on the surface appropriately. A surface suitable for carrying out the present invention can also be processed by using polishing in combination.
【００１４】又このようなセラミック材の表面に他の材
料で被覆したものも本願発明に有効である。例えば等方
性炭素材料にＣＶＤ法でＳｉＣ膜を５０〜１００μｍ程
度折出させたものは，本願発明に好適な表面粗さを有す
ることがある。若し表面粗さが０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
を大きく超える場合は適宜に表面の凹凸を残しつつ研磨
加工を併用することも可能である。Further, such a ceramic material whose surface is coated with another material is also effective in the present invention. For example, an isotropic carbon material having a SiC film deposited by the CVD method to have a thickness of about 50 to 100 μm may have a surface roughness suitable for the present invention. If the surface roughness greatly exceeds the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, it is possible to use the polishing process together with leaving the surface irregularities appropriately.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】本発明者らは軸表面の性状と摩擦との関係につ
いて種々の検討を加えた結果，前記のように二次元的に
方向性のないかつ，特定の粗さ範囲を有する凹凸を軸表
面に設けることによって優れた摺動特性が得られること
を見出した。この効果は以下の理由によるものと解釈さ
れるが，本願内容は実施例等に記す実験事実に基づくも
ので，その解釈による理論に拘束されるものではない。
軸表面に移着膜が形成されることによって良好な摺動特
性が得られることは，例えば（株）テクノシステム １
９９２．１０．１６発行の書籍「摩耗機構の解析と対
策」Ｐ１４４．Ｐ１４５に書かれているように一般に知
られている。軸表面と移着膜の結合力が強い場合にこの
効果が良好に発揮されるものと考えられる。仮に，軸表
面と移着膜の結合力が弱い場合は，移着膜が引き続く摺
動の繰り返しによって剥がし取られ，摩耗粉として摺動
界面から排出されることによって見かけ上移着膜が殆ど
無い状態で摺動することになる。このような移着膜形成
の不充分な状態では移着膜による軸表面の保護作用や移
着膜による低摩耗状態（一般に定常摩耗状態と呼ばれ
る）への移行作用が余り期待出来ないことになる。実表
面と移着膜との結合力は原子間力，化学的結合力，機械
的結合力などによるものと考えられている。本発明によ
る二次元的に方向性のない凹凸が形成された軸表面は機
械的結合力（アンカ−効果）が著しく増加するものと考
えられ，この結果耐久性のある良好な移着膜の形成が容
易に，かつこれが保持され易くなり摩耗の低減，軸表面
の保護などに著しい効果を発揮するものとも解釈され
る。As a result of various investigations on the relationship between the surface properties of the shaft and friction, the present inventors have found that, as described above, the unevenness that does not have a two-dimensional directivity and that has a specific roughness range is used. It has been found that excellent sliding characteristics can be obtained by providing it on the surface. Although this effect is interpreted as follows, the content of the present application is based on the experimental facts described in Examples and the like, and is not bound by the theory based on the interpretation.
Good sliding characteristics can be obtained by forming a transfer film on the shaft surface, for example, Techno System Co., Ltd.
992.10.16 published "Abrasion Mechanism Analysis and Countermeasures" P144. It is generally known as described in P145. This effect is considered to be excellently exhibited when the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is strong. If the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is weak, the transfer film is peeled off by repeated sliding, and is discharged from the sliding interface as abrasion powder, so that there is virtually no transfer film. It will slide in the state. In such a state where the transfer film is not sufficiently formed, the effect of protecting the shaft surface by the transfer film and the effect of transferring to the low wear state (generally called steady wear state) by the transfer film cannot be expected so much. . The binding force between the real surface and the transfer film is considered to be due to atomic force, chemical binding force, mechanical binding force, and the like. It is considered that the mechanical coupling force (anchor effect) is remarkably increased on the shaft surface on which the two-dimensionally non-oriented unevenness is formed according to the present invention, and as a result, a good transfer film having durability is formed. It is also understood that this can be easily and easily retained, and exerts a remarkable effect in reducing wear and protecting the shaft surface.
【００１６】本発明による加工方法は従来の加工方法
（旋盤切削加工，研磨加工など）と組み合わせて使用さ
れても充分効果を発揮するものであり，当然本発明によ
る表面凹凸の加工がなされる前の表面は，部品を所定寸
法に仕上げるために従来の加工方法（旋盤切削加工，研
磨加工など）が事前に施されており，二次元的に方向性
のある凹凸形成されている。これを更に本願では方向の
ないものに仕上げ加工する。従って本願発明は従来加工
方法との併用を妨げるものではない。The processing method according to the present invention exerts a sufficient effect even when used in combination with the conventional processing methods (lathe cutting, polishing, etc.), of course, before the surface unevenness processing according to the present invention is performed. The surface of is subjected to a conventional processing method (lathe cutting, polishing, etc.) in advance in order to finish the component to a predetermined size, and is formed with a two-dimensional directional unevenness. In the present application, this is further processed to have no direction. Therefore, the present invention does not prevent the combined use with the conventional processing method.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下，本発明に係わる摺動部材について，そ
の実施例に基づいて構成及び比較例と対象して説明す
る。EXAMPLES A sliding member according to the present invention will be described below with reference to a configuration and a comparative example based on the examples.
【００１８】（１）実験群〔１〕 摺動軸にアルミニウム合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表１に示す実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜８はアルミニウ
ム合金Ａ５０５６からなるφ２０×２５０Ｌの棒状軸材
をテストピ−スに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当軸材の
試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．１μｍ以下に鏡面研磨
した後，実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜２については，粒
径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンドブラスト装
置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さに凹凸を設けて
試験に供した。又，比較例３〜８については従来加工方
法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二次元的に方向性の
ある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して試験に供した。 （ロ）試験条件 実施例１〜４及び比較例１〜６の相手軸受材及び試験条
件は下記の通りである。尚，下記相手軸受材（Ａ）は特
開昭６２−１０１６６の比較例１に示す構成の合成樹脂
ベ−ス軸受材料であり，φ２０×φ２３×１５のブッシ
ュ状に成形して供試した。ブッシュの製作方法，構成材
料詳細は特開昭６２−１０１６６に示す通りである。 ・試験条件 試験機─ラジアルジャ−ナル型軸受試験機 （イ）速度──８．４ｍ／ｍｉｎ （ロ）相手軸受材（Ａ） 面圧──６ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 ＰＰＳ／芳香族ポリアミド繊維 温度──２００℃ ／ＰＴＦＥ／ＰｂＯ 潤滑──無潤滑 ＝５５／１５／２２／８（体積比）(1) Experimental group [1] When an aluminum alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Method of preparing test sample Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 shown in Table 1 are made of aluminum alloy A5056. Evaluation was carried out by using a rod-shaped shaft material of φ20 × 250 L as a test piece. First, the test surface of the shaft material was mirror-polished to have a 10-point average roughness of 0.1 μm or less, and then, in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a sandblasting apparatus using fused alumina crushed products having different particle sizes was used. Then, the test piece was provided with unevenness having a predetermined roughness that does not have a two-dimensional directivity. Further, in Comparative Examples 3 to 8, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting processing, polishing processing) and used for the test. (B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are as follows. The following mating bearing material (A) is a synthetic resin-based bearing material having the structure shown in Comparative Example 1 of JP-A-62-10166, which was molded into a bush shape of φ20 × φ23 × 15 and tested. The manufacturing method of the bush and the details of the constituent materials are as shown in JP-A-62-1166.・ Test condition Tester ─Radial journal type bearing tester (a) Speed ──8.4m / min (b) Bearing material (A) Surface pressure ─6kgf / cm 2 PPS / aromatic polyamide fiber temperature ─ ─200 ℃ / PTFE / PbO lubrication ──No lubrication = 55/15/22/8 (volume ratio)
【００２０】（２）実験群〔２〕 摺動軸に鉄合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表１に示す実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７は不錆鋼
ＳＵＳ３０３からなるφ２０×φ７０×７ｔのディスク
状軸材をテストピ−スに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当
軸材の試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．２μｍ以下に鏡
面研磨した後，実施例５〜７及び比較例７〜８について
は，粒径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンドブラ
スト装置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さ範囲に凹
凸を設けて試験に供した。又比較例９〜１７については
従来加工方法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二次元的
に方向性のある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して試験に
供した。(2) Experimental group [2] When an iron alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Method for adjusting sample to be tested Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 shown in Table 1 are the rust-resistant steel SUS303. Evaluation was carried out by using a disc-shaped shaft material of φ20 × φ70 × 7t, which was composed of First, the test surface of the shaft material was mirror-polished to have a 10-point average roughness of 0.2 μm or less. Then, the test piece was provided with unevenness in a predetermined roughness range having no two-dimensional directivity. Further, in Comparative Examples 9 to 17, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting process, polishing process) and used for the test.
【００２１】（ロ）試験条件 実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７の相手軸受材及び試
験条件は下記の通りである。 ・相手軸受材（Ｂ） ＰＰＳ／ＰＴＦＥ＝８０／２０体積比 （ＰＰＳ樹脂及びＰＴＦＥ粉末をミキサ−で混合し，混
練押出機でペレット化し，射出成形機でφ５×１０のピ
ン状に成形した） ・試験条件 試験機─ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度──３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧──３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 温度──２５℃ 潤滑──無潤滑(B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 are as follows.・ Mating bearing material (B) PPS / PTFE = 80/20 volume ratio (PPS resin and PTFE powder were mixed by a mixer, pelletized by a kneading extruder and molded into a pin shape of φ5 × 10 by an injection molding machine)・ Test conditions Tester ─ Pin-on-disc type friction and wear tester Speed ─ ─ 30m / min Surface pressure ─ ─ 3kgf / cm 2 Temperature ─ -25 ℃ Lubrication ─ ─ No lubrication
【００２２】（３）実験群〔３〕 プラスチックの場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 軸材としてガラス繊維（３０重量％）で補強したポリエ
チレンテレフタレ−ト（市販品，以下ＧＦＲＰＥＴと呼
ぶ）を，相手軸受材として前述の軸受材Ｂ（φ５×１０
ピン状成形品）を用いた。実施例の軸材（φ２０×φ７
０×３ｔディスク状成形品）は銅板を対向電極とし油浴
中，放電加工法により加工した金型のキャビティ面を用
いて射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のない凹
凸を設けて供試した。比較例は研磨加工した金型を用い
て射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のある凹凸
を設けて供試した。 （ロ）試験条件を下記に示す。 試験条件 試験機──ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度───６ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧───５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 温度───２５℃ 潤滑───無潤滑(3) Experimental group [3] In the case of plastic (a) Preparation method of test sample Polyethylene terephthalate reinforced with glass fiber (30% by weight) as a shaft material (commercially available product, hereinafter referred to as GFRPET) Is the bearing material B (φ5 × 10
A pin-shaped molded product) was used. Shaft material of Example (φ20 × φ7
(0x3t disk-shaped molded product) is provided with two-dimensionally non-directional projections and depressions by injection molding using a cavity surface of a mold machined by electric discharge machining in an oil bath with a copper plate as a counter electrode. tried. In the comparative example, injection-molding was performed using a die that was polished, and two-dimensionally rugged directional projections and depressions were provided for the test. (B) The test conditions are shown below. Test conditions Tester ── pin-on-disk type friction and wear tester speed ───6m / min surface pressure ───5kgf / cm 2 Temperature ───25 ° C. lubricating ─── unlubricated
【００２３】（４）供試試料の評価結果 上記の各テストピ−スを試験評価した第１群，第２群及
び第３群の結果をそれぞれ表１，表２，表３に示す。尚
表中の〔比摩耗量〕及び〔摩擦係数）の算出方法は，下
記によった。(4) Evaluation Results of Test Samples Tables 1, 2 and 3 show the results of the first group, the second group and the third group in which the above test pieces were tested and evaluated. The methods of calculating [specific wear amount] and [friction coefficient] in the table are as follows.
【００２４】相手軸受の比摩耗量 相手軸受の摩耗深さを変位計により計測して計算により
摩耗体積に変換し，当摩耗体積を摺動距離と加えた荷重
の積で徐すことによって比摩耗量を求めた。（小さい方
が良い）。 摩擦係数 摺動により発生した摩擦力を荷重変換器により計測し，
計測した摩擦力を加えた荷重で徐すことにより摩擦係数
を求めた。（小さい方が良い）。Specific wear amount of mating bearing The wear depth of the mating bearing is measured by a displacement meter, converted into wear volume by calculation, and the wear volume is reduced by the product of the sliding distance and the applied load The amount was calculated. (The smaller the better). Friction coefficient Friction force generated by sliding is measured by a load converter,
The friction coefficient was obtained by slowing down the measured frictional force with the applied load. (The smaller the better).
【００２５】又〔軸の損傷〕欄は一連の実験終了後，供
試した軸を取り外した際の外見を目視観察した所見で，
○印は軸の耐久性良好を，×印は耐久性不良と判定され
たものである。In addition, the column of [damage of shaft] is a visual observation of the appearance when the tested shaft is removed after a series of experiments,
The circles indicate that the shaft has good durability, and the crosses indicate that the durability is poor.
【００２６】 [0026]
【００２７】 （注）＊１，２，３は，添付した図面代用の写真のコピ
−：写真１，２，３にそれぞれ対応する。[0027] (Note) * 1,2,3 correspond to the attached copy of the photograph in place of the drawing: Photo 1, 2, 3 respectively.
【００２８】 [0028]
【００２９】（５）実験結果からの知見 （イ）第１群実験は棒状アルミニウム合金製軸材の表面
粗さと，相手軸受材の摩耗，回転軸の耐久性及び摩擦と
の影響を見たものである。サンドブラスト法で本発明の
粗度に制御された実施例群は，従来法による表面加工さ
れた比較例群に比べ耐摩耗，摩擦係数，軸の耐久性の点
で格段の効果があった。(5) Findings from experimental results (a) The first group of experiments was to examine the effects of the surface roughness of the rod-shaped aluminum alloy shaft material, the wear of the mating bearing material, the durability of the rotating shaft and the friction. Is. The sandblasting controlled examples of the present invention showed remarkable effects in terms of wear resistance, friction coefficient, and shaft durability, as compared with the comparative examples which were surface-treated by the conventional method.
【００３０】（ロ）第２群実験は，ピンオンディスク型
摩擦・摩耗試験機を用いた摩耗試験であって，換言すれ
ばディスク状スラスト摩耗に対する摺動特性を見たもの
である。供試材としては，鉄鋼製品の中でも汎用性の高
い不銹鋼製材料を用いたが，本発明の粗度に制御され
た，実施例群は，従来法により加工された比較例群に比
べて，耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で効果が認められ，特に耐
摩耗に格段の改善効果があった。尚，表２中右欄外の＊
印試料は「図面代用写真のコピ−」中の写真１，２，３
に対応する。(B) The second group experiment is a wear test using a pin-on-disk type friction / wear tester, in other words, the sliding property against disk-shaped thrust wear is observed. As a test material, a stainless steel material having high versatility among iron and steel products was used. However, the example group controlled to the roughness of the present invention, compared with the comparative example group processed by the conventional method, The effect was recognized in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient, and especially the wear resistance was significantly improved. In addition, * in the right column of Table 2
Marked samples are photographs 1, 2, and 3 in "Copy of drawings substitute photographs"
Corresponding to.
【００３１】（ハ）第３群実験は，通称エンジニアリン
グプラスチック（本例ではＰＥＴ）をガラス繊維で強化
した（ＧＦＲＰ）デイスクを実験に供した例である。こ
の例の場合は，特に射出成形により供試用デイスクが調
整され，この成形用金型の内面のキャビティ部は銅を対
向電極とした放電加工法によって製作されたものであっ
て，その内表面の粗さは３ケ所１０点測定平均値でＲｚ
値５．６μｍであった。一方比較例に供した金型は，研
削で概略寸法に加工した後，研磨砥粒紙によって更に精
密研磨仕上げを行ったもので，表面粗さはＲｚ値では
３．３μｍであった。(C) The third group experiment is an example in which a so-called engineering plastic (PET in this example) reinforced with glass fiber (GFRP) was used for the experiment. In the case of this example, the sample disk was adjusted by injection molding, and the cavity on the inner surface of this molding die was manufactured by the electric discharge machining method using copper as the counter electrode. Roughness is Rz as an average of 10 points measured at 3 locations
The value was 5.6 μm. On the other hand, the metal mold used in the comparative example was processed by grinding to a rough size and then further finely polished with abrasive grain paper, and the surface roughness was Rz value of 3.3 μm.
【００３２】成形された供試試料（ＧＦＲＰＥＴ）の表
面粗さも略この金型内面粗度に近いものであり，粗さの
点では研磨仕上げ面が，放電加工面に比べ平滑性におい
て優れるものであったが，摺動特性の点では，本願方法
による面がむしろ耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で格段に優れる
結果が得られた。これは加工面の凹凸の方向性の有無が
大きく摺動特性改善に大きく寄与しているものとも解さ
れるが，その機構解釈については拘束されない。The surface roughness of the molded test sample (GFRPET) is also close to the inner surface roughness of the mold, and in terms of roughness, the polished surface is superior in smoothness to the electrical discharge machined surface. However, in terms of sliding characteristics, the surface obtained by the method of the present invention was rather excellent in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient. It can be understood that this is because the presence or absence of the directionality of the unevenness of the machined surface greatly contributes to the improvement of the sliding characteristics, but its mechanism interpretation is not restricted.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】本発明による摺動部材は，実施例に示す
ように２００℃，無潤滑という苛酷な条件下においてア
ルミニウム合金などの軟質軸においても損傷を来すこと
なく，且つ，低摩擦係数，相手軸受材の低摩耗率化を示
す優れた効果を有している。又硬質材料で軸が損傷しに
くいＳＵＳ３０３ステンレス鋼の場合でも，相手の耐摩
耗性を格段に向上させる極めて優れた効果を有してい
る。As shown in the examples, the sliding member according to the present invention does not cause damage to a soft shaft such as an aluminum alloy under the severe condition of 200 ° C. and no lubrication, and has a low coefficient of friction. , It has the excellent effect of lowering the wear rate of the mating bearing material. Further, even in the case of SUS303 stainless steel, which is a hard material and the shaft is hard to be damaged, it has an extremely excellent effect of significantly improving the wear resistance of the other party.
供試した軸表面の拡大写真（３枚）のコピ−（図面代
用）及びその説明。Copies (substitute for drawings) of enlarged photographs (3 sheets) of the shaft surface tested and their explanation.
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成６年４月２７日[Submission date] April 27, 1994
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【書類名】 明細書[Document name] Statement
【発明の名称】 摺動部材Title of invention Sliding member
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は，各種産業機器，事務機
器，輸送機器，油空圧機器などの軸受部，或いはスライ
ド摺動部材，その製法及びその使用方法に関する。これ
等の部分は互いに摺動する二つの部品から構成され，一
般的には軸と軸受部，或いはスライドとスライド受け部
などから構成されている。これ等は互いに対になって摺
動部を形成するが，本発明においては主として上述の軸
或いはスライド部を謂うが，特殊な態様の場合には受け
部を指すこともあり，以下，軸或いはスライド部を総称
して軸と略称する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing portion of various industrial equipment, office equipment, transportation equipment , hydraulic / pneumatic equipment, etc., or a sliding member, its manufacturing method and its use method. These parts are composed of two parts that slide with each other, and generally are composed of a shaft and a bearing part, or a slide and a slide receiving part. These are paired with each other to form a sliding portion. In the present invention, the above-mentioned shaft or sliding portion is mainly referred to, but in a special mode, it may be referred to as a receiving portion. The slide portion is generically referred to as a shaft.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来，軸受などと摺動する軸は切削工具
を用いて切削加工で仕上られるか，或いは砥粒，研磨紙
などを用いて研磨加工にて仕上げられる。これ等の加工
方法を用いた仕上げ表面は，微細に見れば二次元的に加
工工具の移動した痕跡の方向性を有する。（参考資料参
照）又従来の摺動面に対する仕上げは鏡面の如く仕上
げ，凹凸を可及的に小さくすることが部材の摩耗を減ら
す良好な方法とも見られる向きもあった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shaft that slides on a bearing or the like is finished by cutting with a cutting tool, or is finished by polishing with abrasive grains, polishing paper, or the like. The finished surface using these processing methods has the directionality of the traces of the movement of the processing tool in two dimensions when viewed finely. (Refer to the reference material) Moreover, there was also a tendency that the conventional finish for the sliding surface was mirror-like finish, and reducing the unevenness as much as possible was a good method to reduce the wear of the member.
【０００３】又これ等摺動部の材料面から見れば，近
年，液状潤滑剤を用いる摺動方式と共に，特に精密機器
にては乾燥状態で使用される摺動部材が増えてきた。こ
の後者の場合には，自己潤滑性の優れたプラスチック材
料，或いは母材（マトリックス）がプラスチック材料
で，それに４フッ化エチレン樹脂，鱗片状黒鉛，２硫化
モリブデンなどの固体潤滑剤を充填材とした複合材料も
使用が多くなってきたが，このような材料は，一般に相
手軸表面に移着層を形成することによって，優れた摺動
性を発揮するものとも謂われている。From the viewpoint of the material of these sliding parts, in recent years, along with the sliding method using a liquid lubricant, sliding members used in a dry state particularly in precision equipment have been increasing. In this latter case, the plastic material with excellent self-lubricating property or the base material (matrix) is the plastic material, and the solid lubricant such as tetrafluoroethylene resin, flake graphite, molybdenum disulfide is used as the filler. Although such composite materials have been used more frequently, it is generally said that such materials exhibit excellent slidability by forming a transfer layer on the surface of a mating shaft.
【０００４】従来から使用されている研（切）削加工痕
跡に起因する方向性のある凹凸を持つ摺動表面や，極め
て凹凸を少なくした鏡面仕上げ面の場合，相手軸受材料
から移着膜の形成が不充分で，摺動面が摩耗，損傷を受
け，又一旦かかる損傷が始まると，摩擦の変動やガタツ
キ等のため，摩耗量の加速度的増加を来すことがあっ
た。In the case of a sliding surface having a directional unevenness due to a grinding (cutting) machining mark which has been conventionally used, or a mirror-finished surface with extremely small unevenness, a transfer film is transferred from the mating bearing material. If the formation is insufficient, the sliding surface is worn or damaged, and once such damage begins, the amount of wear may increase at an accelerated rate due to fluctuations in friction and rattling.
【０００５】最近の傾向として，メンテナンスフリ−へ
の指向，精密機器内でのダスト発生防止等の要請から，
長寿命，高信頼性の摺動材，特に低摩耗性の乾式摺動部
材の開発が急務とされている。このような要請に対し
て，従来は軸受材料側からの改良が中心となって来た。
例えば本発明等の発明に係る特開昭６２−１０１６６号
などが挙げられるが，かかる改善を以てしても，使用条
件が厳しい今日の要請には充分満足出来る状態には至っ
ていない。As a recent tendency, there is a demand for maintenance-free orientation and prevention of dust generation in precision equipment.
There is an urgent need to develop long-life, high-reliability sliding materials, especially low-friction dry sliding members. In response to such demands, conventional improvements have been centered on the bearing material side.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-10166 according to the invention such as the present invention can be mentioned, but even with such improvement, it has not been possible to sufficiently satisfy today's demands under severe usage conditions.
【０００６】又，軸側の点からの改良については，軸材
をより硬くして，摩耗を減らす方向の研究が進められ，
例えば焼入れ（軸が鋼材の場合），硬質メッキ，アルマ
イト加工（軸がアルミニウムの場合），セラミックコ−
ティング（ＣＶＤ法等）などが挙げられる。然しかかる
改良はそれなりの効果もあるが，費用も嵩み，軸の基材
選定範囲の制約も発生し，又その改良効果も今一歩充分
でない憾みがあった。特に複写機，プリンタ−などの熱
定着部のヒ−トロ−ル軸は，均熱性，昇温時間の短縮な
どの要求特性から軟質金属であるアルミニウム合金が，
主に使用されて来たが，耐用性に未だ問題があり，又当
機器の一層の高性能化に伴い，ヒ−トロ−ル軸の損傷に
よるトラブルを解消し得る新規な材料への要求が強い。As for the improvement from the point of the shaft side, research has been advanced in the direction of making the shaft material harder to reduce wear.
For example, quenching (when the shaft is steel), hard plating, alumite processing (when the shaft is aluminum), ceramic coating
And the like (such as the CVD method). However, such improvement has some effects, but the cost is high, the range of selection of the base material of the shaft is limited, and the improvement effect is not satisfactory enough. In particular, for the heat roller shaft of the heat fixing section of copying machines, printers, etc., aluminum alloy, which is a soft metal, is used because of the required characteristics such as heat uniformity and shortening of the temperature rise time.
Although it has been mainly used, there is still a problem in its durability, and with the further improvement in performance of this equipment, there is a demand for a new material that can eliminate the troubles caused by damage to the heat roller shaft. strong.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本願発明は，従来の摺
動材料の問題点を基礎的に追求し，厳しい条件下におい
ても低摩耗，低ダスト，高寿命の摺動部材，特に軸摺動
部材を提供する目的で行われ，以下に述べる意外とも思
われる方法で解決，完成したものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention basically pursues the problems of conventional sliding materials, and has low wear, low dust, and long life even under severe conditions, especially sliding shafts. It was carried out for the purpose of providing members, and it was completed and solved by the method which seems to be surprising as described below.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明においては，軸表
面の形態に着目して鋭意検討の結果，軸表面に，むし
ろ，特定の凹凸を設けることによって，優れた耐摩耗効
果が発現することを見出した。更に敷衍するならば，特
定の凹凸とは，例えばブラスト処理などの手段により，
二次元的に方向性のない，特定の表面粗さ（凹凸）を有
する面を軸表面に形成させることにより，この凹部に移
着した膜を有効に保持，形成させることが出来，軸材
側，軸受材側共に著しく摩耗を少なくすることが出来，
その結果低ダスト，長寿命，低騒音，の課題を一挙に達
成することが出来た。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, as a result of intensive studies focusing on the shape of the shaft surface, it is found that an excellent wear resistance effect is exhibited by providing specific unevenness on the shaft surface. Found. If further spread, the specific unevenness is, for example, by means such as blast treatment.
By forming on the shaft surface a surface having a specific surface roughness (irregularities) that has no two-dimensional orientation, the film transferred to this recess can be effectively held and formed. , Wear on the bearing material side can be significantly reduced,
As a result, the issues of low dust, long life and low noise could be achieved all at once.
【０００９】ここに，二次元的に方向性のない粗さと
は，１０点平均粗さ表示法（ＪＩＳ・ＢＯ６０１・３−
５項６０８頁の定義による）で０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
内，望ましくは１〜１０μｍの範囲内に表面の凹凸が管
理され，かつその凹凸が一定の方向性を有しないランダ
ム状態にあることを謂う。表面粗さがＲｚ表示で０．２
μｍ以下の場合は，鏡面に近くなり，有効な移着膜が保
持，形成されにくいため，効果は薄い。又これが２０μ
ｍを超える場合は摩耗の増加或いは摩耗係数の増加を来
して実用的でない。又このような凹凸加工を施した部分
は摺動する部分の全面（略・１００％）であることが好
ましいが，施さない部分の面積が５０％程度でもその効
力は認められた。Here, the term "roughness having no two-dimensional directionality" means the 10-point average roughness display method (JIS BO601-3.
5) (as defined on page 608), the surface irregularities are controlled within the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, preferably within the range of 1 to 10 μm, and the irregularities are in a random state having no fixed directionality. So-called. Surface roughness is 0.2 in Rz display
When the thickness is less than μm, it is close to a mirror surface, and it is difficult to hold and form an effective transfer film, so the effect is small. This is 20μ
If it exceeds m, wear increases or wear coefficient increases, which is not practical. Further, it is preferable that the portion on which such unevenness processing is applied is the entire surface of the sliding portion (approximately 100%), but the effect was recognized even when the area of the non-treated portion was about 50%.
【００１０】次に，このような方向性を有せず，かつ深
さがＲｚ０．２〜２０μｍの凹凸加工表面を形成する方
法について記す。前記したように機械的回転方式の切削
や研磨方法では方向性のある連続溝が残るので，本願発
明においては好ましくない（参考資料・写真２，３）。
方向性のない，深さのコントロ−ルされた凹凸を設ける
ためには，例えば前記のサンドブラスト法（硬い砂状の
粒子を空気圧又は回転羽で表面に吹き付ける方法，参考
資料写真１）の他，ショットブラスト法（硬い球状の粒
子を空気圧又は回転羽で表面に吹き付ける方法），エッ
チング法（化学薬剤による腐蝕作用による方法，又は電
解的に表面を荒らす方法），金属溶射法（溶融金属をミ
スト状で吹き付ける方法），カロライズ法（例えば鉄の
表面にアルミニウム微粉を載せて昇温反応させる方法）
等が挙げられる。これ等の方法は主として，金属製軸材
料に好適である。経済的にはブラスト法が安価である。Next, a method for forming a textured surface having no such directivity and a depth of Rz 0.2 to 20 μm will be described. As described above, the mechanical rotation type cutting or polishing method is not preferable in the present invention because continuous directional grooves remain (reference materials and photographs 2 and 3).
No directionality, the depth control - in order to provide the Le been uneven, for example the sandblast method (a method of blowing a hard sandy particles on the surface air pressure or a rotary blade, reference photograph 1) Other ， Shot blast method (hard spherical particles
Method of spraying the child with air pressure or rotary wings), etching method (method of corrosive action by chemical agents, or method of electrolytically roughening the surface), metal spraying method (method of spraying molten metal in mist form), calorizing method (For example, a method of placing fine aluminum powder on the surface of iron and causing a temperature rise reaction)
Etc. These methods are mainly suitable for metal shaft materials. The blast method is economically inexpensive.
【００１１】ブラスト法に用いる粒子材料には，天然
石，セラミックス，金属，などの無機物或いは，クル
ミ，プラスチックなどの有機物があり，粒子形状には，
球状，円柱状，無定形などがあり，相手材質によって適
宜使い分ける。又，これらの方法で軸表面に所定の形状
を形成した後，メッキ加工，防錆加工，焼入加工，表面
硬化処理などを施してもよい。これ等の方法は主とし
て，金属製軸材料に好適である。経済的にはブラスト法
が安価である。The particle materials used in the blast method are natural
Inorganic substances such as stones, ceramics, metals, etc.
There are organic substances such as Mi and plastic, and the particle shape is
Suitable for the mating material, such as spherical, cylindrical, and amorphous.
Use properly. Also, with these methods, the specified shape on the shaft surface
After forming, plating, rust prevention, quenching, surface
Curing treatment or the like may be performed. These methods are mainly suitable for metal shaft materials. The blast method is economically inexpensive.
【００１２】又非金属材料の場合，例えばエンジニヤリ
ングプラスチック材等の場合には，前記のブラスト法等
の他，成形用金型の内面にブラスト法などにより予め微
細な凹凸を設けて射出成形する方法も量産製品の製造に
は好ましい。In the case of a non-metallic material, such as an engineering plastic material, injection molding is carried out by previously forming fine irregularities on the inner surface of the molding die by a blast method or the like in addition to the above-mentioned blast method. The method is also preferable for manufacturing mass-produced products.
【００１３】最近特に電子機器などにおいては，急動，
急停，軽量などの要請から慣性の小さい材料としてアル
ミニウム合金やエンジニヤリング樹脂複合材（芳香族ポ
リエ−テルケトン，ポリアミド，ポリスルホン，ポリア
セタ−ル，ポリアミドイミド，ポリエチレンテレフタレ
−ト等の繊維強化材料）の軽量材料が回転軸やスラスト
部分に用いられることが多くなったが，このような軟質
合金や軟質材料にも，本発明方法は非常に大きな減摩効
果を示すことが見出された。本発明は摺動面の長寿命化
のために，表面を硬くすることは必ずしも必要ではない
が，銅系合金，鉄鋼（不銹鋼材含む）のような硬い材料
に適用しても勿論効果がある。Recently, especially in electronic devices,
Aluminum alloys and engineering resin composites (fiber-reinforced materials such as aromatic polyetherketone, polyamide, polysulfone, polyacetal, polyamide-imide, polyethylene terephthalate) as materials with low inertia due to demands such as sudden stop and light weight It has been found that the light-weight material of No. 1 is often used for the rotary shaft and the thrust portion, and the method of the present invention shows a very large anti-friction effect even for such soft alloys and soft materials. The present invention does not necessarily require that the surface be hardened in order to prolong the life of the sliding surface, but it is of course effective when applied to hard materials such as copper alloys and steel (including stainless steel). is there.
【００１４】また，その硬さ，軽量性，耐熱性，低ＣＴ
Ｅ性等の点からセラミック系材料（例えば珪酸系，アル
ミナ系，炭素系の等方性材料等）が電子機器，プリンタ
−，換気フアン等の内部構成部材，例えば回転軸にも用
いられるようになったが，このようなセラミック材は，
一般的には熔融法或いは原料として微粉を圧縮，成形，
焼結して作られるため，丁度素焼き陶器の表面のように
若干の凹凸を有しているので，適当に表面の凹凸を残し
つつ研磨加工の併用で本願発明の実施に好適なる表面に
加工することも出来る。Also, its hardness, light weight, heat resistance, and low CT
Ceramic-based materials in terms of E, etc. (e.g. silicic, alumina, carbonaceous isotropic materials such) is an electronic device, a printer -, inner component, such as a ventilation fan, as used in for example, a rotary shaft However, such a ceramic material is
Generally, fine powder is compressed and molded by the melting method or raw material.
Since it is made by sintering, it has some irregularities just like the surface of unglazed pottery, so it can be processed into a surface suitable for the practice of the present invention by combining polishing while leaving the irregularities on the surface appropriately. You can also do it.
【００１５】又このようなセラミック材の表面に他の材
料で被覆したものも本願発明に有効である。例えば等方
性炭素材料にＣＶＤ法でＳｉＣ膜を５０〜１００μｍ程
度折出させたものは，本願発明に好適な表面粗さを有す
ることがある。若し表面粗さが０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
を大きく超える場合は適宜に表面の凹凸を残しつつ研磨
加工を併用することも可能である。Further, such a ceramic material whose surface is coated with another material is also effective in the present invention. For example, an isotropic carbon material having a SiC film deposited by the CVD method to have a thickness of about 50 to 100 μm may have a surface roughness suitable for the present invention. If the surface roughness greatly exceeds the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, it is possible to use the polishing process together with leaving the surface irregularities appropriately.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】本発明者らは軸表面の性状と摩擦との関係につ
いて種々の検討を加えた結果，前記のように二次元的に
方向性のない，かつ特定の粗さ範囲を有する凹凸を軸表
面に設けることによって優れた摺動特性が得られること
を見出した。この効果は以下の理由によるものと解釈さ
れるが，本願内容は実施例等に記す実験事実に基づくも
ので，その解釈による理論に拘束されるものではない。
軸表面に移着膜が形成されることによって良好な摺動特
性が得られることは，例えば（株）テクノシステム １
９９２．１０．１６発行の書籍「摩耗機構の解析と対
策」Ｐ１４４．Ｐ１４５に書かれているように一般に知
られている。軸表面と移着膜の結合力が強い場合にこの
効果が良好に発揮されるものと考えられる。仮に，軸表
面と移着膜の結合力が弱い場合は，移着膜が引き続く摺
動の繰り返しによって剥がし取られ，摩耗粉として摺動
界面から排出されることによって見かけ上移着膜が殆ど
無い状態で摺動することになる。The present inventors have made various studies on the relationship between the property of the shaft surface and friction, and as a result, as described above, the unevenness having two-dimensional non-directionality and having a specific roughness range is used. It has been found that excellent sliding characteristics can be obtained by providing it on the surface. Although this effect is interpreted as follows, the content of the present application is based on the experimental facts described in Examples and the like, and is not bound by the theory based on the interpretation.
Good sliding characteristics can be obtained by forming a transfer film on the shaft surface, for example, Techno System Co., Ltd.
992.10.16 published "Abrasion Mechanism Analysis and Countermeasures" P144. It is generally known as described in P145. This effect is considered to be excellently exhibited when the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is strong. If the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is weak, the transfer film is peeled off by repeated sliding, and is discharged from the sliding interface as abrasion powder, so that there is virtually no transfer film. It will slide in the state.
【００１７】このような移着膜形成の不充分な状態では
移着膜による軸表面の保護作用や移着膜による低摩耗状
態（一般に定常摩耗状態と呼ばれる）への移行作用が余
り期待出来ないことになる。実表面と移着膜との結合力
は原子間力，化学的結合力，機械的結合力などによるも
のと考えられている。本発明による二次元的に方向性の
ない凹凸が形成された軸表面は機械的結合力（アンカ−
効果）が著しく増加するものと考えられ，この結果耐久
性のある良好な移着膜の形成が容易に，かつこれが保持
され易くなり摩耗の低減，軸表面の保護などに著しい効
果を発揮するものとも解釈される。In such a state where the transfer film is not sufficiently formed, the effect of protecting the shaft surface by the transfer film and the effect of transfer to the low wear state (generally called steady wear state) due to the transfer film cannot be expected so much. It will be. The binding force between the real surface and the transfer film is considered to be due to atomic force, chemical binding force, mechanical binding force, and the like. According to the present invention, the shaft surface on which two-dimensional unevenness is formed has no mechanical coupling force (anchor).
It is considered that the effect) is significantly increased, and as a result, it is easy to form a durable and good transfer film, and this is easily retained, which exerts a remarkable effect in reducing wear and protecting the shaft surface. Is also interpreted.
【００１８】本発明による加工方法は従来の加工方法
（旋盤切削加工，研磨加工など）と組み合わせて使用さ
れても充分効果を発揮するものであり，当然本発明によ
る表面凹凸の加工がなされる前の表面は，部品を所定寸
法に仕上げるために従来の加工方法（旋盤切削加工，研
磨加工など）が事前に施されており，二次元的に方向性
のある凹凸形成されている。これを更に本願では方向の
ないものに仕上げ加工する。従って本願発明は従来加工
方法との併用を妨げるものではない。The processing method according to the present invention exerts a sufficient effect even when used in combination with the conventional processing method (lathe cutting processing, polishing processing, etc.), and of course, before the processing of the surface unevenness according to the present invention is performed. The surface of is subjected to a conventional processing method (lathe cutting, polishing, etc.) in advance in order to finish the component to a predetermined size, and is formed with a two-dimensional directional unevenness. In the present application, this is further processed to have no direction. Therefore, the present invention does not prevent the combined use with the conventional processing method.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下，本発明に係わる摺動部材について，そ
の実施例に基づいて構成及び効果を比較例と対照して説
明する。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the sliding member according to the present invention, a configuration and effects Comparative Example paired irradiation to on the basis of its embodiments.
【００２０】（１）実験群〔１〕 摺動軸にアルミニウム合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表１に示す実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜８はアルミニウ
ム合金Ａ５０５６からなるφ２０×２５０Ｌの棒状軸材
をテストピ−スに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当軸材の
試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．１μｍ以下に鏡面研磨
した後，実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜２については，粒
径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンドブラスト装
置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さに凹凸を設けて
試験に供した。又，比較例３〜８については従来加工方
法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二次元的に方向性の
ある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して試験に供した。(1) Experimental group [1] When an aluminum alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Method of preparing test sample Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 shown in Table 1 are made of aluminum alloy A5056. Evaluation was carried out by using a rod-shaped shaft material of φ20 × 250 L as a test piece. First, the test surface of the shaft material was mirror-polished to have a 10-point average roughness of 0.1 μm or less, and then, in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a sandblasting apparatus using fused alumina crushed products having different particle sizes was used. Then, the test piece was provided with unevenness having a predetermined roughness that does not have a two-dimensional directivity. Further, in Comparative Examples 3 to 8, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting processing, polishing processing) and used for the test.
【００２１】（ロ）試験条件 実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜８の相手軸受材及び試験条
件は下記の通りである。尚，下記相手軸受材（Ａ）は特
開昭６２−１０１６６の比較例１に示す構成の合成樹脂
ベ−ス軸受材料であり，φ２０×φ２３×１５のブッシ
ュ状に成形して供試した。ブッシュの製作方法，構成材
料詳細は特開昭６２−１０１６６に示す通りである。 ・試験条件 試験機─ラジアルジャ−ナル型軸受試験機 （イ）速度──８．４ｍ／ｍｉｎ （ロ）相手軸受材（Ａ） 面圧──６ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 ＰＰＳ／芳香族ポリアミド繊維 温度──２００℃ ／ＰＴＦＥ／ＰｂＯ 潤滑──無潤滑 ＝５５／１５／２２／８（体積比）(B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are as follows. The following mating bearing material (A) is a synthetic resin-based bearing material having the structure shown in Comparative Example 1 of JP-A-62-10166, which was molded into a bush shape of φ20 × φ23 × 15 and tested. The manufacturing method of the bush and the details of the constituent materials are as shown in JP-A-62-1166.・ Test condition Tester ─Radial journal type bearing tester (a) Speed ──8.4m / min (b) Bearing material (A) Surface pressure ─6kgf / cm 2 PPS / aromatic polyamide fiber temperature ─ ─200 ℃ / PTFE / PbO lubrication ──No lubrication = 55/15/22/8 (volume ratio)
【００２２】（２）実験群〔２〕 摺動軸に鉄合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表２に示す実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７は不錆鋼
ＳＵＳ３０３からなるφ２０×φ７０×７ｔのディスク
状軸材をテストピ−スに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当
軸材の試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．１μｍ以下に鏡
面研磨した後，実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１０につ
いては，粒径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンド
ブラスト装置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さ範囲
に凹凸を設けて試験に供した。又比較例１１〜１７につ
いては従来加工方法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二
次元的に方向性のある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して
試験に供した。(2) Experimental group [2] When an iron alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Preparation method of test sample Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 shown in Table 2 are made of rustless steel SUS303. Evaluation was carried out by using a disc-shaped shaft material of φ20 × φ70 × 7t, which was composed of First, the test surface of the shaft material was 10 points with an average roughness of 0. After mirror-polishing to 1 μm or less, in Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 10 , a fused alumina pulverized product having a different particle size was used to obtain a two-dimensionally non-directional predetermined roughness range with a sandblasting device. The test piece was provided with irregularities. Further, in Comparative Examples 11 to 17, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting processing, polishing processing) and used for the test.
【００２３】（ロ）試験条件 実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７の相手軸受材及び試
験条件は下記の通りである。 ・相手軸受材（Ｂ） ＰＰＳ／ＰＴＦＥ＝８０／２０体積比 （ＰＰＳ樹脂及びＰＴＦＥ粉末をミキサ−で混合し，混
練押出機でペレット化し，射出成形機でφ５×１０のピ
ン状に成形した） ・試験条件 試験機─ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度──３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧──３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 温度──２５℃ 潤滑──無潤滑(B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 are as follows.・ Mating bearing material (B) PPS / PTFE = 80/20 volume ratio (PPS resin and PTFE powder were mixed by a mixer, pelletized by a kneading extruder and molded into a pin shape of φ5 × 10 by an injection molding machine)・ Test conditions Tester ─ Pin-on-disc type friction and wear tester Speed ─ ─ 30m / min Surface pressure ─ ─ 3kgf / cm 2 Temperature ─ -25 ℃ Lubrication ─ ─ No lubrication
【００２４】（３）実験群〔３〕 プラスチックの場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 軸材としてガラス繊維（３０重量％）で補強したポリエ
チレンテレフタレ−ト（市販品，以下ＧＦＲＰＥＴと呼
ぶ）を，相手軸受材として前述の軸受材Ｂ（φ５×１０
ピン状成形品）を用いた。実施例の軸材（φ２０×φ７
０×３ｔディスク状成形品）は銅板を対向電極とし油浴
中，放電加工法により加工した金型のキャビティ面を用
いて射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のない凹
凸を設けて供試した。比較例は研磨加工した金型を用い
て射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のある凹凸
を設けて供試した。(3) Experimental group [3] In the case of plastic (a) Preparation method of test sample Polyethylene terephthalate reinforced with glass fiber (30% by weight) as a shaft material (commercially available product, hereinafter referred to as GFRPET) Is the bearing material B (φ5 × 10
A pin-shaped molded product) was used. Shaft material of Example (φ20 × φ7
(0x3t disk-shaped molded product) is provided with two-dimensionally non-directional projections and depressions by injection molding using a cavity surface of a mold machined by electric discharge machining in an oil bath with a copper plate as a counter electrode. tried. In the comparative example, injection-molding was performed using a die that was polished, and two-dimensionally rugged directional projections and depressions were provided for the test.
【００２５】（ロ）試験条件を下記に示す。 試験条件 試験機──ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度───６ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧───５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 温度───２５℃ 潤滑───無潤滑(B) The test conditions are shown below. Test conditions Tester ── pin-on-disk type friction and wear tester speed ───6m / min surface pressure ───5kgf / cm 2 Temperature ───25 ° C. lubricating ─── unlubricated
【００２６】（４）実験群〔４〕 セラミックスの場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 軸材として１．５ｍｍ厚さのガラス板をφ７０ディスク
形状に加工して用いた。相手軸受材は前述の軸受材Ｂ
（但し，φ８×１０）を用いた。実施例１４は二次元的
に方向性のない凹凸を有している市販のスリガラスを，
比較例２１は殆ど凹凸のない鏡面状態の市販のガラス板
を，比較例２２は上記鏡面状態のガラス板に研磨加工で
方向性を有する凹凸を設けたものをそれぞれ軸材試料と
して供試した。 (4) Experimental group [4] In the case of ceramics (a) Method of adjusting sample to be tested A glass plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm was used as a shaft material to obtain a φ70 disk.
It was used after being processed into a shape. The mating bearing material is the bearing material B described above.
(However, φ8 × 10) was used. Example 14 is two-dimensional
Commercially available ground glass with unevenness on the
Comparative Example 21 is a commercially available glass plate having a mirror surface with almost no unevenness.
In Comparative Example 22, the glass plate in the mirror surface state was polished.
Shaft material samples were provided with unevenness having directionality.
I tried it.
【００２７】（ロ）試験条件を下記に示す。 試験条件 試験機───ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度────３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧────３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 温度────２５℃ 潤滑────無潤滑 (B) The test conditions are shown below. Test conditions Tester ─── Pin-on-disc type friction and wear tester Speed ──── 30m / min Surface pressure ───3kgf / cm 2 Temperature ───25 ℃ Lubrication ─── Non-lubrication
【００２８】（５）供試試料の評価結果 上記の各テストピ−スを試験評価した第１群，第２群，
第３群及び第４群の結果をそれぞれ表１，表２，表３，
表４に示す。尚表中の〔比摩耗量〕及び〔摩擦係数）の
算出方法は，下記によった。( 5 ) Results of evaluation of sample under test First group, second group, in which the above test pieces were tested and evaluated,
The results of the third group and the fourth group are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, respectively.
It shows in Table 4 . The methods of calculating [specific wear amount] and [friction coefficient] in the table are as follows.
【００２９】相手軸受の比摩耗量 相手軸受の摩耗深さを変位計により計測して計算により
摩耗体積に変換し，当摩耗体積を摺動距離と加えた荷重
の積で除すことによって比摩耗量を求めた。（小さい方
が良い）。 摩擦係数 摺動により発生した摩擦力を荷重変換器により計測し，
計測した摩擦力を加えた荷重で除すことにより摩擦係数
を求めた。（小さい方が良い）。[0029] The specific wear rate wear depth of the counterpart bearing of mating bearing measured by the displacement gauge calculated by converting the wear volume, the specific wear by dividing Succoth by the product of the load to those worn volume was added and sliding distance The amount was calculated. (The smaller the better). Friction coefficient Friction force generated by sliding is measured by a load converter,
It was determined friction coefficient a load plus the measured frictional force divided Succoth. (The smaller the better).
【００３０】又〔軸の損傷〕欄は一連の実験終了後，供
試した軸を取り外した際の外見を目視観察した所見で，
○印は軸の耐久性良好を，×印は耐久性不良と判定され
たものである。The column of [damage of shaft] is a visual observation of the appearance of the shaft that was tested after the completion of a series of experiments.
The circles indicate that the shaft has good durability, and the crosses indicate that the durability is poor.
【００３１】 [0031]
【００３２】 （注）＊１，２，３は，添付した図面代用の写真のコピ
−：写真１，２，３にそれぞれ対応する。[0032] (Note) * 1,2,3 correspond to the attached copy of the photograph in place of the drawing: Photo 1, 2, 3 respectively.
【００３３】 [0033]
【００３４】 [0034]
【００３５】（６）実験結果からの知見 （イ）第１群実験は棒状アルミニウム合金製軸材の表面
粗さと，相手軸受材の摩耗，回転軸の耐久性及び摩擦と
の影響を見たものである。サンドブラスト法で本発明の
粗度に制御された実施例群は，従来法による表面加工さ
れた比較例群に比べ耐摩耗，摩擦係数，軸の耐久性の点
で格段の効果があった。( 6 ) Findings from experimental results (a) The first group of experiments was to examine the effects of the surface roughness of the rod-shaped aluminum alloy shaft material, the wear of the mating bearing material, the durability of the rotating shaft and the friction. Is. The sandblasting controlled examples of the present invention showed remarkable effects in terms of wear resistance, friction coefficient, and shaft durability, as compared with the comparative examples which were surface-treated by the conventional method.
【００３６】（ロ）第２群実験は，ピンオンディスク型
摩擦・摩耗試験機を用いた摩耗試験であって，換言すれ
ばディスク状スラスト摩耗に対する摺動特性を見たもの
である。供試材としては，鉄鋼製品の中でも汎用性の高
い不銹鋼製材料を用いたが，本発明の粗度に制御され
た，実施例群は，従来法により加工された比較例群に比
べて，耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で効果が認められ，特に耐
摩耗に格段の改善効果があった。尚，表２中右欄外の＊
印試料は「図面代用写真のコピ−」中の写真１，２，３
に対応する。(B) The second group experiment is a wear test using a pin-on-disk type friction / wear tester, in other words, the sliding property against disk-shaped thrust wear is observed. As a test material, a stainless steel material having high versatility among iron and steel products was used. However, the example group controlled to the roughness of the present invention, compared with the comparative example group processed by the conventional method, The effect was recognized in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient, and especially the wear resistance was significantly improved. In addition, * in the right column of Table 2
Marked samples are photographs 1, 2, and 3 in "Copy of drawings substitute photographs"
Corresponding to.
【００３７】（ハ）第３群実験は，通称エンジニアリン
グプラスチック（本例ではＰＥＴ）をガラス繊維で強化
した（ＧＦＲＰ）デイスクを実験に供した例である。こ
の例の場合は，特に射出成形により供試用デイスクが調
整され，この成形用金型の内面のキャビティ部は銅を対
向電極とした放電加工法によって製作されたものであっ
て，その内表面の粗さは３ケ所１０点測定平均値でＲｚ
値５．６μｍであった。一方比較例に供した金型は，研
削で概略寸法に加工した後，研磨砥粒紙によって更に精
密研磨仕上げを行ったもので，表面粗さはＲｚ値では
３．３μｍであった。(C) The third group experiment is an example in which a so-called engineering plastic (PET in this example) reinforced with glass fiber (GFRP) disk is used for the experiment. In the case of this example, the sample disk was adjusted by injection molding, and the cavity on the inner surface of this molding die was manufactured by the electric discharge machining method using copper as the counter electrode. Roughness is Rz as an average of 10 points measured at 3 locations
The value was 5.6 μm. On the other hand, the metal mold used in the comparative example was processed by grinding to a rough size and then further finely polished with abrasive grain paper, and the surface roughness was Rz value of 3.3 μm.
【００３８】成形された供試試料（ＧＦＲＰＥＴ）の表
面粗さも略この金型内面粗度に近いものであり，粗さの
点では研磨仕上げ面が，放電加工面に比べ平滑性におい
て優れるものであったが，摺動特性の点では，本願方法
による面がむしろ耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で格段に優れる
結果が得られた。これは加工面の凹凸の方向性の有無が
大きく摺動特性改善に大きく寄与しているものとも解さ
れるが，その機構解釈については拘束されない。The surface roughness of the molded test sample (GFRPET) is also close to the inner surface roughness of the mold, and in terms of roughness, the polished surface is superior in smoothness to the electrical discharge machined surface. However, in terms of sliding characteristics, the surface obtained by the method of the present invention was rather excellent in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient. It can be understood that this is because the presence or absence of the directionality of the unevenness of the machined surface greatly contributes to the improvement of the sliding characteristics, but its mechanism interpretation is not restricted.
【００３９】（ニ）第４実験群はセラミックスであるガ
ラスをディスク状軸材として実験に供した例である。凹
凸の殆どない鏡面の板ガラス（比較例２１）は摩耗は少
ないが摩擦係数が非常に高く，又方向性のある凹凸研磨
加工で設けた板ガラス（比較例２２）は摩耗が非常に多
い。方向性のないランダムな状態で所定の粗度に制御さ
れた凹凸を有する実施例１４は摩擦，摩耗共優れた特性
を示した。 (D) The fourth experimental group is a ceramic
This is an example in which a lath is used as a disc-shaped shaft material in an experiment. Concave
The flat plate glass with almost no convex surface (Comparative Example 21) has little wear.
Although it has no friction coefficient, it has a very high friction coefficient and it has directional unevenness.
The plate glass provided by processing (Comparative Example 22) has very high wear.
Yes. Controlled to a specified roughness in a random state with no directionality
Example 14 having unevenness is excellent in both friction and wear.
showed that.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】本発明による摺動部材は，実施例に示す
ように２００℃，無潤滑という苛酷な条件下においてア
ルミニウム合金などの軟質軸においても損傷を来すこと
なく，且つ，低摩擦係数，相手軸受材の低摩耗率化を示
す優れた効果を有している。又硬質材料で軸が損傷しに
くいＳＵＳ３０３ステンレス鋼の場合でも，相手の耐摩
耗性を格段に向上させる極めて優れた効果を有してい
る。As shown in the examples, the sliding member according to the present invention does not cause damage to a soft shaft such as an aluminum alloy under the severe condition of 200 ° C. and no lubrication, and has a low coefficient of friction. , It has the excellent effect of lowering the wear rate of the mating bearing material. Further, even in the case of SUS303 stainless steel, which is a hard material and the shaft is hard to be damaged, it has an extremely excellent effect of significantly improving the wear resistance of the other party.
【図面の簡単な説明】 供試した軸表面の拡大写真（３枚）のコピ−（図面代
用）及びその説明。[Brief Description of Drawings] A copy (substitute for a drawing) of enlarged photographs (three sheets) of the shaft surface tested and its description.
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成６年６月３０日[Submission date] June 30, 1994
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】図面の簡単な説明[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】実施例１０に供試した摺動軸表面の顕微鏡写真
（Ｒｚ値６．３１μｍ）プラスト加工を行ったもの（方
向性無し）を示す。（倍率４３倍）FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph (Rz value 6.31 μm) of the surface of a sliding shaft used in Example 10, which was plastized (no directionality). (Magnification 43 times)
【図２】比較例１４に供試した摺動軸表面の顕微鏡写真
（Ｒｚ値６．１５μｍ）研磨加工により表面を仕上げた
もので，表面の方向性のある凹凸を示す。（倍率４３
倍） 研磨方向：図中左から右へ。FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph (Rz value 6.15 μm) of the surface of the sliding shaft tested in Comparative Example 14, the surface of which was finished by polishing, and shows directional irregularities on the surface. (Magnification 43
Double) Polishing direction: From left to right in the figure.
【図３】比較例１６に供試した摺動軸表面の顕微鏡写真
（Ｒｚ値６．２３μｍ）切削加工により仕上げたもの。
Ｒｚ値は略同じ数値に揃え，方向性のある凹凸を示す。
（倍率４３倍） 切削方向：図中左から右へ。FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph (Rz value 6.23 μm) of the surface of the sliding shaft tested in Comparative Example 16 finished by cutting.
The Rz values are arranged to have substantially the same numerical value, indicating unevenness with directionality.
(Magnification 43 times) Cutting direction: From left to right in the figure.
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】全図[Correction target item name] All drawings
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図１】 [Figure 1]
【図２】 [Fig. 2]
【図３】 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
[Figure 3] ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成６年８月２３日[Submission date] August 23, 1994
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】特許請求の範囲[Name of item to be amended] Claims
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】発明の詳細な説明[Name of item to be amended] Detailed explanation of the invention
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は，各種産業機器，事務機
器，輸送機器，油空圧機器などの軸受部，或いはスライ
ド摺動部材，その製法及びその使用方法に関する。これ
等の部分は互いに摺動する二つの部品から構成され，一
般的には軸と軸受部，或いはスライドとスライド受け部
などから構成されている。これ等は互いに対になって摺
動部を形成するが，本発明においては主として上述の軸
或いはスライド部を謂うが，特殊な態様の場合には受け
部を指すこともあり，以下，軸或いはスライド部を総称
して軸と略称する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing portion of various industrial equipment, office equipment, transportation equipment , hydraulic / pneumatic equipment, etc., or a sliding member, its manufacturing method and its use method. These parts are composed of two parts that slide with each other, and generally are composed of a shaft and a bearing part, or a slide and a slide receiving part. These are paired with each other to form a sliding portion. In the present invention, the above-mentioned shaft or sliding portion is mainly referred to, but in a special mode, it may be referred to as a receiving portion. The slide portion is generically referred to as a shaft.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来，軸受などと摺動する軸は切削工具
を用いて切削加工で仕上られるか，或いは砥粒，研磨紙
などを用いて研磨加工にて仕上げられる。これ等の加工
方法を用いた仕上げ表面は，微細に見れば二次元的に加
工工具の移動した痕跡の方向性を有する。（図２，３参
照）又従来の摺動面に対する仕上げは鏡面の如く仕上
げ，凹凸を可及的に小さくすることが部材の摩耗を減ら
す良好な方法とも見られる向きもあった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shaft that slides on a bearing or the like is finished by cutting with a cutting tool, or is finished by polishing with abrasive grains, polishing paper, or the like. The finished surface using these processing methods has the directionality of the traces of the movement of the processing tool in two dimensions when viewed finely. (See Figures 2 and 3
In addition, the conventional finish for the sliding surface was mirror-like, and it was also considered that reducing the unevenness as much as possible was a good method to reduce the wear of the member.
【０００３】又これ等摺動部の材料面から見れば，近
年，液状潤滑剤を用いる摺動方式と共に，特に精密機器
にては乾燥状態で使用される摺動部材が増えてきた。こ
の後者の場合には，自己潤滑性の優れたプラスチック材
料，或いは母材（マトリックス）がプラスチック材料
で，それに４フッ化エチレン樹脂，鱗片状黒鉛，２硫化
モリブデンなどの固体潤滑剤を充填材とした複合材料も
使用が多くなってきたが，このような材料は，一般に相
手軸表面に移着層を形成することによって，優れた摺動
性を発揮するものとも謂わわている。From the viewpoint of the material of these sliding parts, in recent years, along with the sliding method using a liquid lubricant, sliding members used in a dry state particularly in precision equipment have been increasing. In this latter case, the plastic material with excellent self-lubricating property or the base material (matrix) is the plastic material, and the solid lubricant such as tetrafluoroethylene resin, flake graphite, molybdenum disulfide is used as the filler. The composite materials described above have also been used more frequently, but it is also said that such materials generally exhibit excellent slidability by forming a transfer layer on the surface of a mating shaft.
【０００４】従来から使用されている研（切）削加工痕
跡に起因する方向性のある凹凸を持つ摺動表面や，極め
て凹凸を少なくした鏡面仕上げ面の場合，相手軸受材料
から移着膜の形成が不充分で，摺動面が摩耗，損傷を受
け，又一旦かかる損傷が始まると，摩擦の変動やガタツ
キ等のため，摩耗量の加速度的増加を来すことがあっ
た。In the case of a sliding surface having a directional unevenness due to a grinding (cutting) machining mark which has been conventionally used, or a mirror-finished surface with extremely small unevenness, a transfer film is transferred from the mating bearing material. If the formation is insufficient, the sliding surface is worn or damaged, and once such damage begins, the amount of wear may increase at an accelerated rate due to fluctuations in friction and rattling.
【０００５】最近の傾向として，メンテナンスフリーへ
の指向，真空系内での摺動部への応用，精密機器内での
ダスト発生防止等の要請から，長寿命，高信頼性の摺動
材，特に低摩耗性の乾式摺動部材の開発が急務とされて
いる。このような要請に対して，従来は軸受材料側から
の改良が中心となって来た。例えば本発明等の発明に係
る特開昭６２−１０１６６号などが挙げられるが，かか
る改善を以てしても，使用条件が厳しい今日の要請には
充分満足出来る状態には至っていない。Recent trends include maintenance-free orientation, application to sliding parts in a vacuum system, and prevention of dust generation in precision equipment. In particular, there is an urgent need to develop a low wear dry sliding member. In response to such demands, conventional improvements have been centered on the bearing material side. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-10166 according to the invention such as the present invention can be mentioned, but even with such improvement, it has not been possible to sufficiently satisfy today's demands under severe usage conditions.
【０００６】又，軸側の点からの改良については，軸材
をより硬くして，摩耗を減らす方向の研究が進められ，
例えば焼入れ（軸が鋼材の場合），硬質メッキ，アルマ
イト加工（軸がアルミニウムの場合），セラミックコー
ティング（ＣＶＤ法等）などが挙げられる。然しかかる
改良はそれなりの効果もあるが，費用も嵩み，軸の基材
選定範囲の制約も発生し，又その改良効果も今一歩充分
でない憾みがあった。特に複写機，プリンターなどの熱
定着部のヒートロール軸は，均熱性，昇温時間の短縮な
どの要求特性から軟質金属であるアルミニウム合金が，
主に使用されて来たが，耐用性に未だ問題があり，又当
機器の一層の高性能化に伴い，ヒートロール軸の損傷に
よるトラブルを解消し得る新規な材料への要求が強い。As for the improvement from the point of the shaft side, research has been advanced in the direction of making the shaft material harder to reduce wear.
Examples include quenching (when the shaft is steel), hard plating, alumite processing (when the shaft is aluminum), ceramic coating (CVD method, etc.), and the like. However, such improvement has some effects, but the cost is high, the range of selection of the base material of the shaft is limited, and the improvement effect is not satisfactory enough. In particular, the heat roll shaft of the heat fixing section of copiers, printers, etc., is made of aluminum alloy, which is a soft metal, due to the required characteristics such as uniform heating and shortening of the temperature rise time.
Although it has been mainly used, there is still a problem in durability, and with the further improvement in performance of this equipment, there is a strong demand for a new material that can eliminate the trouble caused by damage to the heat roll shaft.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本願発明は，従来の摺
動材料の問題点を基礎的に追求し，厳しい条件下におい
ても低摩耗，低ダスト，高寿命の摺動部材，特に軸摺動
部材を提供する目的で行われ，以下に述べる意外とも思
われる方法で解決，完成したものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention basically pursues the problems of conventional sliding materials, and has low wear, low dust, and long life even under severe conditions, especially sliding shafts. It was carried out for the purpose of providing members, and it was completed and solved by the method which seems to be surprising as described below.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明においては，軸表
面の形態に着目して鋭意検討の結果，軸表面に，むし
ろ，特定の凹凸を設けることによって，優れた耐摩耗効
果が発現することを見出した。更に敷衍するならば，特
定の凹凸とは，例えばブラスト処理などの手段により，
二次元的に方向性のない，特定の表面粗さ（凹凸）を有
する面を軸表面に形成させることにより，この凹部に移
着した膜を有効に保持，形成させることが出来，軸材
側，軸受材側共に著しく摩耗を少なくすることが出来，
その結果低ダスト，長寿命，低騒音，の課題を一挙に達
成することが出来た。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, as a result of intensive studies focusing on the shape of the shaft surface, it is found that an excellent wear resistance effect is exhibited by providing specific unevenness on the shaft surface. Found. If further spread, the specific unevenness is, for example, by means such as blast treatment.
By forming on the shaft surface a surface having a specific surface roughness (irregularities) that has no two-dimensional orientation, the film transferred to this recess can be effectively held and formed. , Wear on the bearing material side can be significantly reduced,
As a result, the issues of low dust, long life and low noise could be achieved all at once.
【０００９】ここに，二次元的に方向性のない粗さと
は，１０点平均粗さ表示法（ＪＩＳ・ＢＯ６０１・３−
５項６０８頁の定義による）で０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
内，望ましくは１〜１０μｍの範囲内に表面の凹凸が管
理され，かつその凹凸が一定の方向性を有しないランダ
ム状態にあることを謂う。表面粗さがＲｚ表示で０．２
μｍ以下の場合は，鏡面に近くなり，有効な移着膜が保
持，形成されにくいため，効果は薄い。又これが２０μ
ｍを超える場合は摩耗の増加或いは摩耗係数の増加を来
して実用的でない。又このような凹凸加工を施した部分
は摺動する部分の全面（略・１００％）であることが好
ましいが，施さない部分の面積が５０％程度でもその効
力は認められた。Here, the term "roughness having no two-dimensional directionality" means the 10-point average roughness display method (JIS BO601-3.
5) (as defined on page 608), the surface irregularities are controlled within the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, preferably within the range of 1 to 10 μm, and the irregularities are in a random state having no fixed directionality. So-called. Surface roughness is 0.2 in Rz display
When the thickness is less than μm, it is close to a mirror surface, and it is difficult to hold and form an effective transfer film, so the effect is small. This is 20μ
If it exceeds m, wear increases or wear coefficient increases, which is not practical. Further, it is preferable that the portion on which such unevenness processing is applied is the entire surface of the sliding portion (approximately 100%), but the effect was recognized even when the area of the non-treated portion was about 50%.
【００１０】次に，このような方向性を有せず，かつ深
さがＲｚ０．２〜２０μｍの凹凸加工表面を形成する方
法について記す。前記したように機械的回転方式の切削
や研磨方法では方向性のある連続溝が残るので，本願発
明においては好ましくない（例えば図２，３）。方向性
のない，深さのコントロールされた凹凸を設けるために
は，例えば前記のサンドブラスト法（硬い砂状の粒子を
空気圧又は回転羽で表面に吹き付ける方法，例えば図
１）の他，ショットブラスト法（硬い球状の粒子を空気
圧又は回転羽で表面に吹き付ける方法），エッチング法
（化学薬剤による腐蝕作用による方法，又は電解的に表
面を荒らす方法），金属溶射法（溶融金属をミスト状で
吹き付ける方法），カロライズ法（例えば鉄の表面にア
ルミニウム微粉を載せて昇温反応させる方法）等が挙げ
られる。これ等の方法は主として，金属製軸材料に好適
である。経済的にはブラスト法が安価である。Next, a method for forming a textured surface having no such directivity and a depth of Rz 0.2 to 20 μm will be described. As described above, the mechanical rotation type cutting or polishing method is not preferable in the present invention ( for example, FIGS. 2 and 3 ) because the directional continuous groove remains. No directionality, in order to provide a controlled unevenness of depth, for example, a method of sandblasting (hard sandy particles <br/> air pressure or the blows on the surface by rotating vane, for example, FIG.
1 ) In addition to the shot blast method (hard spherical particles are air
Method of spraying on the surface with pressure or rotating blades), etching method (method of corrosive action by chemical agents, or method of roughening the surface electrolytically), metal spraying method (method of spraying molten metal in mist form), calorizing method (eg A method of placing fine aluminum powder on the surface of iron to cause a temperature rise reaction) and the like. These methods are mainly suitable for metal shaft materials. The blast method is economically inexpensive.
【００１１】ブラスト法に用いる粒子材料には，天然
石，セラミックス，金属，などの無機物或いは，クル
ミ，プラスチックなどの有機物があり，粒子形状には，
球状，円柱状，無定形などがあり，相手材質によって適
宜使い分ける。又，これらの方法で軸表面に所定の形状
を形成した後，メッキ加工，防錆加工，焼入加工，表面
硬化処理などを施してもよい。これ等の方法は主とし
て，金属製軸材料に好適である。経済的にはブラスト法
が安価である。The particle materials used in the blast method are natural
Inorganic substances such as stones, ceramics, metals, etc.
There are organic substances such as Mi and plastic, and the particle shape is
Suitable for the mating material, such as spherical, cylindrical, and amorphous.
Use properly. Also, with these methods, the specified shape on the shaft surface
After forming, plating, rust prevention, quenching, surface
Curing treatment or the like may be performed. These methods are mainly suitable for metal shaft materials. The blast method is economically inexpensive.
【００１２】又非金属材料の場合，例えばエンジニヤリ
ングプラスチック材等の場合には，前記のブラスト法等
の他，成形用金型の内面にブラスト法などにより予め微
細な凹凸を設けて射出成形する方法も量産製品の製造に
は好ましい。In the case of a non-metallic material, such as an engineering plastic material, injection molding is carried out by previously forming fine irregularities on the inner surface of the molding die by a blast method or the like in addition to the above-mentioned blast method. The method is also preferable for manufacturing mass-produced products.
【００１３】最近特に電子機器などにおいては，急動，
急停，軽量などの要請から慣性の小さい材料としてアル
ミニウム合金やエンジニヤリング樹脂複合材（芳香族ポ
リエーテルケトン，ポリアミド，ポリスルホン，ポリア
セタール，ポリアミドイミド，ポリエチレンテレフタレ
ート等の繊維強化材料）の軽量材料が回転軸やスラスト
部分に用いられることが多くなったが，このような軟質
合金や軟質材料にも，本発明方法は非常に大きな減摩効
果を示すことが見出された。本発明は摺動面の長寿命化
のために，表面を硬くすることは必ずしも必要ではない
が，銅系合金，鉄鋼（不銹鋼材含む）のような硬い材料
に適用しても勿論効果がある。Recently, especially in electronic devices,
Due to demands such as sudden stop and light weight, lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys and engineering resin composites (fiber reinforced materials such as aromatic polyetherketone, polyamide, polysulfone, polyacetal, polyamideimide, polyethylene terephthalate) are used as materials with low inertia. Although it is often used for shafts and thrust parts, it has been found that the method of the present invention exhibits a very large anti-friction effect even for such soft alloys and soft materials. The present invention does not necessarily require that the surface be hardened in order to prolong the life of the sliding surface, but it is of course effective when applied to hard materials such as copper alloys and steel (including stainless steel). is there.
【００１４】また，その硬さ，軽量性，耐熱性，低ＣＴ
Ｅ性等の点からセラミック系材料（例えば珪酸系，アル
ミナ系，炭素系の等方性材料等）が電子機器，プリンタ
ー，換気フアン等の内部構成部材，例えば回転軸にも用
いられるようになったが，このようなセラミック材は，
一般的には熔融法或いは原料として微粉を圧縮，成形，
焼結して作られるため，丁度素焼き陶器の表面のように
若干の凹凸を有しているので，適当に表面の凹凸を残し
つつ研磨加工の併用で本願発明の実施に好適なる表面に
加工することも出来る。Also, its hardness, light weight, heat resistance, and low CT
Ceramic-based materials in terms of E, etc. (e.g. silicic, alumina, carbonaceous isotropic materials such) is an electronic device, a printer, an internal component such as a ventilation fan, for example, come to be used in the rotation axis However, such a ceramic material is
Generally, fine powder is compressed and molded by the melting method or raw material.
Since it is made by sintering, it has some irregularities just like the surface of unglazed pottery, so it can be processed into a surface suitable for the practice of the present invention by combining polishing while leaving the irregularities on the surface appropriately. You can also do it.
【００１５】又このようなセラミック材の表面に他の材
料で被覆したものも本願発明に有効である。例えば等方
性炭素材料にＣＶＤ法でＳｉＣ膜を５０〜１００μｍ程
度折出させたものは，本願発明に好適な表面粗さを有す
ることがある。若し表面粗さが０．２〜２０μｍの範囲
を大きく超える場合は適宜に表面の凹凸を残しつつ研磨
加工を併用することも可能である。Further, such a ceramic material whose surface is coated with another material is also effective in the present invention. For example, an isotropic carbon material having a SiC film deposited by the CVD method to have a thickness of about 50 to 100 μm may have a surface roughness suitable for the present invention. If the surface roughness greatly exceeds the range of 0.2 to 20 μm, it is possible to use the polishing process together with leaving the surface irregularities appropriately.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】本発明者らは軸表面の性状と摩擦との関係につ
いて種々の検討を加えた結果，前記のように二次元的に
方向性のない，かつ特定の粗さ範囲を有する凹凸を軸表
面に設けることによって優れた摺動特性が得られること
を見出した。この効果は以下の理由によるものと解釈さ
れるが，本願内容は実施例等に記す実験事実に基づくも
ので，その解釈による理論に拘束されるものではない。
軸表面に移着膜が形成されることによって良好な摺動特
性が得られることは，例えば（株）テクノシステム １
９９２．１０．１６発行の書籍「摩耗機構の解析と対
策」Ｐ１４４．Ｐ１４５に書かれているように一般に知
られている。軸表面と移着膜の結合力が強い場合にこの
効果が良好に発揮されるものと考えられる。仮に，軸表
面と移着膜の結合力が弱い場合は，移着膜が引き続く摺
動の繰り返しによって剥がし取られ，摩耗粉として摺動
界面から排出されることによって見かけ上移着膜が殆ど
無い状態で摺動することになる。The present inventors have made various studies on the relationship between the property of the shaft surface and friction, and as a result, as described above, the unevenness having two-dimensional non-directionality and having a specific roughness range is used. It has been found that excellent sliding characteristics can be obtained by providing it on the surface. Although this effect is interpreted as follows, the content of the present application is based on the experimental facts described in Examples and the like, and is not bound by the theory based on the interpretation.
Good sliding characteristics can be obtained by forming a transfer film on the shaft surface, for example, Techno System Co., Ltd.
992.10.16 published "Abrasion Mechanism Analysis and Countermeasures" P144. It is generally known as described in P145. This effect is considered to be excellently exhibited when the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is strong. If the bond strength between the shaft surface and the transfer film is weak, the transfer film is peeled off by repeated sliding, and is discharged from the sliding interface as abrasion powder, so that there is virtually no transfer film. It will slide in the state.
【００１７】このような移着膜形成の不充分な状態では
移着膜による軸表面の保護作用や移着膜による低摩耗状
態（一般に定常摩耗状態と呼ばれる）への移行作用が余
り期待出来ないことになる。実表面と移着膜との結合力
は原子間力，化学的結合力，機械的結合力などによるも
のと考えられている。本発明による二次元的に方向性の
ない凹凸が形成された軸表面は機械的結合力（アンカー
効果）が著しく増加するものと考えられ，この結果耐久
性のある良好な移着膜の形成が容易に，かつこれが保持
され易くなり摩耗の低減，軸表面の保護などに著しい効
果を発揮するものとも解釈される。In such a state where the transfer film is not sufficiently formed, the effect of protecting the shaft surface by the transfer film and the effect of transfer to the low wear state (generally called steady wear state) due to the transfer film cannot be expected so much. It will be. The binding force between the real surface and the transfer film is considered to be due to atomic force, chemical binding force, mechanical binding force, and the like. It is considered that the mechanical coupling force (anchor effect) is remarkably increased on the shaft surface on which the two-dimensional unevenness having no directionality is formed according to the present invention, and as a result, a good transfer film having durability can be formed. It can be interpreted that it is easily and easily retained and exerts a remarkable effect in reducing wear and protecting the shaft surface.
【００１８】本発明による加工方法は従来の加工方法
（旋盤切削加工，研磨加工など）と組み合わせて使用さ
れても充分効果を発揮するものであり，当然本発明によ
る表面凹凸の加工がなされる前の表面は，部品を所定寸
法に仕上げるために従来の加工方法（旋盤切削加工，研
磨加工など）が事前に施されており，二次元的に方向性
のある凹凸形成されている。これを更に本願では方向の
ないものに仕上げ加工する。従って本願発明は従来加工
方法との併用を妨げるものではない。The processing method according to the present invention exerts a sufficient effect even when used in combination with the conventional processing method (lathe cutting processing, polishing processing, etc.), and of course, before the processing of the surface unevenness according to the present invention is performed. The surface of is subjected to a conventional processing method (lathe cutting, polishing, etc.) in advance in order to finish the component to a predetermined size, and is formed with a two-dimensional directional unevenness. In the present application, this is further processed to have no direction. Therefore, the present invention does not prevent the combined use with the conventional processing method.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下，本発明に係わる摺動部材について，そ
の実施例に基づいて構成及び効果を比較例と対照して説
明する。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the sliding member according to the present invention, a configuration and effects Comparative Example paired irradiation to on the basis of its embodiments.
【００２０】（１）実験群〔１〕 摺動軸にアルミニウム合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表１に示す実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜８はアルミニウ
ム合金Ａ５０５６からなるφ２０×２５０Ｌの棒状軸材
をテストピースに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当軸材の
試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．１μｍ以下に鏡面研磨
した後，実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜２については，粒
径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンドブラスト装
置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さに凹凸を設けて
試験に供した。又，比較例３〜８については従来加工方
法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二次元的に方向性の
ある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して試験に供した。(1) Experimental group [1] When an aluminum alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Method of preparing test sample Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 shown in Table 1 are made of aluminum alloy A5056. Evaluation was carried out by using a rod-shaped shaft material of φ20 × 250 L as a test piece. First, the test surface of the shaft material was mirror-polished to have a 10-point average roughness of 0.1 μm or less, and then, in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a sandblasting apparatus using fused alumina crushed products having different particle sizes Then, the test piece was provided with unevenness having a predetermined roughness that does not have a two-dimensional directivity. Further, in Comparative Examples 3 to 8, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting processing, polishing processing) and used for the test.
【００２１】（ロ）試験条件 実施例１〜６及び比較例１〜８の相手軸受材及び試験条
件は下記の通りである。尚，下記相手軸受材（Ａ）は特
開昭６２−１０１６６の比較例１に示す構成の合成樹脂
ベース軸受材料であり，φ２０×φ２３×１５のブッシ
ュ状に成形して供試した。ブッシュの製作方法，構成材
料詳細は特開昭６２−１０１６６に示す通りである。 ・試験条件 試験機…ラジアルジャーナル型軸受試験機 （イ）速度……８．４ｍ／ｍｉｎ （ロ）相手軸受材（Ａ） 面圧……６ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２ ＰＰＳ／芳香族ポリアミド繊維 温度……２００℃ ／ＰＴＦＥ／ＰｂＯ 潤滑……無潤滑 ＝５５／１５／２２／８（体積比）(B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are as follows. The following mating bearing material (A) is a synthetic resin base bearing material having the structure shown in Comparative Example 1 of JP-A-62-10166, which was formed into a bush shape of φ20 × φ23 × 15 and tested. The manufacturing method of the bush and the details of the constituent materials are as shown in JP-A-62-1166.・ Test conditions Tester… Radial journal bearing tester (a) Speed …… 8.4m / min (b) Bearing material (A) Surface pressure …… 6kgf / cm 2 PPS / aromatic polyamide fiber Temperature …… 200 ℃ / PTFE / PbO Lubrication ... No lubrication = 55/15/22/8 (volume ratio)
【００２２】（２）実験群〔２〕 摺動軸に鉄合金を用いた場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 表２に示す実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７は不錆鋼
ＳＵＳ３０３からなるφ２０×φ７０×７ｔのディスク
状軸材をテストピースに用いて評価を実施した。先ず当
軸材の試験表面を１０点平均粗さで０．１μｍ以下に鏡
面研磨した後，実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１０につ
いては，粒径の異なる溶融アルミナ粉砕品を用いサンド
ブラスト装置で二次元的に方向性のない所定の粗さ範囲
に凹凸を設けて試験に供した。又比較例１１〜１７につ
いては従来加工方法（切削加工，研磨加工）を用いて二
次元的に方向性のある所定の粗さに試験表面を加工して
試験に供した。(2) Experimental group [2] When an iron alloy is used for the sliding shaft (a) Preparation method of test sample Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 shown in Table 2 are made of rustless steel SUS303. Evaluation was carried out by using a disc-shaped shaft member of φ20 × φ70 × 7t, which was composed of First, the test surface of the shaft material was 10 points with an average roughness of 0. After mirror-polishing to 1 μm or less, in Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 10 , a fused alumina pulverized product having a different particle size was used to obtain a two-dimensionally non-directional predetermined roughness range with a sandblasting device. The test piece was provided with irregularities. Further, in Comparative Examples 11 to 17, the test surface was processed into a predetermined roughness having a two-dimensional directionality by using a conventional processing method (cutting processing, polishing processing) and used for the test.
【００２３】（ロ）試験条件 実施例７〜１１及び比較例９〜１７の相手軸受材及び試
験条件は下記の通りである。 ・相手軸受材（Ｂ） ＰＰＳ／ＰＴＦＥ＝８０／２０体積比 （ＰＰＳ樹脂及びＰＴＦＥ粉末をミキサーで混合し，混
練押出機でペレット化し，射出成形機でφ５×１０のピ
ン状に成形した） ・試験条件 試験機…ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度……３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧……３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２ 温度……２５℃ 潤滑……無潤滑(B) Test conditions The mating bearing materials and test conditions of Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 9 to 17 are as follows.・ Mating bearing material (B) PPS / PTFE = 80/20 volume ratio (PPS resin and PTFE powder were mixed by a mixer, pelletized by a kneading extruder, and formed into a pin shape of φ5 × 10 by an injection molding machine). Test conditions Tester: Pin-on-disc type friction / wear tester Speed: 30 m / min Surface pressure: 3 kgf / cm 2 Temperature: 25 ° C Lubrication: No lubrication
【００２４】（３）実験群〔３〕 プラスチックの場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 軸材としてガラス繊維（３０重量％）で補強したポリエ
チレンテレフタレート（市販品，以下ＧＦＲＰＥＴと呼
ぶ）を，相手軸受材として前述の軸受材Ｂ（φ５×１０
ピン状成形品）を用いた。実施例の軸材（φ２０×φ７
０×３ｔディスク状成形品）は銅板を対向電極とし油浴
中，放電加工法により加工した金型のキャビティ面を用
いて射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のない凹
凸を設けて供試した。比較例は研磨加工した金型を用い
て射出成形することにより二次元的に方向性のある凹凸
を設けて供試した。(3) Experimental group [3] In the case of plastic (a) Preparation method of sample to be tested Polyethylene terephthalate (commercially available product, hereinafter referred to as GFRPET) reinforced with glass fiber (30% by weight) as a shaft material As the bearing material, the above-mentioned bearing material B (φ5 × 10
A pin-shaped molded product) was used. Shaft material of Example (φ20 × φ7
(0x3t disk-shaped molded product) is provided with two-dimensionally non-directional projections and depressions by injection molding using a cavity surface of a mold machined by electric discharge machining in an oil bath with a copper plate as a counter electrode. tried. In the comparative example, injection-molding was performed using a die that was polished, and two-dimensionally rugged directional projections and depressions were provided for the test.
【００２５】（ロ）試験条件を下記に示す。 試験条件 試験機……ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度………６ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧………５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２ 温度………２５℃ 潤滑………無潤滑(B) The test conditions are shown below. Test conditions Tester: Pin-on-disc type friction / wear tester Speed: 6 m / min Surface pressure: 5 kgf / cm 2 Temperature: 25 ° C Lubrication: No lubrication
【００２６】（４）実験群〔４〕 セラミックスの場合 （イ）供試試料の調整方法 軸材として１．５ｍｍ厚さのガラス板をφ７０ディスク
形状に加工して用いた。相手軸受材は前述の軸受材Ｂ
（但し，φ８×１０）を用いた。実施例１４は二次元的
に方向性のない凹凸を有している市販のスリガラスを，
比較例２１は殆ど凹凸のない鏡面状態の市販のガラス板
を，比較例２２は上記鏡面状態のガラス板に研磨加工で
方向性を有する凹凸を設けたものをそれぞ軸材試料とし
て供試した。 (4) Experimental group [4] In the case of ceramics (a) Method of adjusting sample to be tested A glass plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm was used as a shaft material to obtain a φ70 disk.
It was used after being processed into a shape. The mating bearing material is the bearing material B described above.
(However, φ8 × 10) was used. Example 14 is two-dimensional
Commercially available ground glass with unevenness on the
Comparative Example 21 is a commercially available glass plate having a mirror surface with almost no unevenness.
In Comparative Example 22, the glass plate in the mirror surface state was polished.
The shaft material samples were each provided with unevenness having directionality.
I tried it.
【００２７】（ロ）試験条件を下記に示す。 試験条件 試験機………ピンオンディスク型摩擦・摩耗試験機 速度……………３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ 面圧……………３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２ 温度……………２５℃ 潤滑……………無潤滑 (B) The test conditions are shown below. Test conditions Tester: Pin-on-disc type friction / wear tester Speed: 30m / min Surface pressure: 3kgf / cm 2 Temperature: 25 ° C Lubrication: No lubrication
【００２８】（５）供試試料の評価結果 上記の各テストピースを試験評価した第１群，第２群，
第３群及び第４群の結果をそれぞれ表１，表２，表３，
表４に示す。尚表中の〔比摩耗量〕及び〔摩擦係数）の
算出方法は，下記によった。( 5 ) Evaluation results of test sample First group, second group, which is obtained by test-evaluating each of the above test pieces,
The results of the third group and the fourth group are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, respectively.
It shows in Table 4 . The methods of calculating [specific wear amount] and [friction coefficient] in the table are as follows.
【００２９】相手軸受の比摩耗量 相手軸受の摩耗深さを変位計により計測して計算により
摩耗体積に変換し，当摩耗体積を摺動距離と加えた荷重
の積で除すことによって比摩耗量を求めた。（小さい方
が良い）。 摩擦係数 摺動により発生した摩擦力を荷重変換器により計測し，
計測した摩擦力を加えた荷重で除すことにより摩擦係数
を求めた。（小さい方が良い）。[0029] The specific wear rate wear depth of the counterpart bearing of mating bearing measured by the displacement gauge calculated by converting the wear volume, the specific wear by dividing Succoth by the product of the load to those worn volume was added and sliding distance The amount was calculated. (The smaller the better). Friction coefficient Friction force generated by sliding is measured by a load converter,
It was determined friction coefficient a load plus the measured frictional force divided Succoth. (The smaller the better).
【００３０】又〔軸の損傷〕欄は一連の実験終了後，供
試した軸を取り外した際の外見を目視観察した所見で，
○印は軸の耐久性良好を，×印は耐久性不良と判定され
たものである。The column of [damage of shaft] is a visual observation of the appearance of the shaft that was tested after the completion of a series of experiments.
The circles indicate that the shaft has good durability, and the crosses indicate that the durability is poor.
【００３１】 [0031]
【００３２】 [0032]
【００３３】 [0033]
【００３４】 [0034]
【００３５】（６）実験結果からの知見 （イ）第１群実験は棒状アルミニウム合金製軸材の表面
粗さと，相手軸受材の摩耗，回転軸の耐久性及び摩擦と
の影響を見たものである。サンドブラスト法で本発明の
粗度に制御された実施例群は，従来法による表面加工さ
れた比較例群に比べ耐摩耗，摩擦係数，軸の耐久性の点
で格段の効果があった。( 6 ) Findings from experimental results (a) The first group of experiments was to examine the effects of the surface roughness of the rod-shaped aluminum alloy shaft material, the wear of the mating bearing material, the durability of the rotating shaft and the friction. Is. The sandblasting controlled examples of the present invention showed remarkable effects in terms of wear resistance, friction coefficient, and shaft durability, as compared with the comparative examples which were surface-treated by the conventional method.
【００３６】（ロ）第２群実験は，ピンオンディスク型
摩擦・摩耗試験機を用いた摩耗試験であって，換言すれ
ばディスク状スラスト摩耗に対する摺動特性を見たもの
である。供試材としては，鉄鋼製品の中でも汎用性の高
い不銹鋼製材料を用いたが，本発明の粗度に制御され
た，実施例群は，従来法により加工された比較例群に比
べて，耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で効果が認められ，特に耐
摩耗に格段の改善効果があった。尚，表２中右欄外の＊
印試料はそれぞれ図１，２，３に対応する。(B) The second group experiment is a wear test using a pin-on-disk type friction / wear tester, in other words, the sliding property against disk-shaped thrust wear is observed. As a test material, a stainless steel material having high versatility among iron and steel products was used. However, the example group controlled to the roughness of the present invention, compared with the comparative example group processed by the conventional method, The effect was recognized in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient, and especially the wear resistance was significantly improved. In addition, * in the right column of Table 2
The marked samples correspond to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, respectively .
【００３７】（ハ）第３群実験は，通称エンジニアリン
グプラスチック（本例ではＰＥＴ）をガラス繊維で強化
した（ＧＦＲＰ）デイスクを実験に供した例である。こ
の例の場合は，特に射出成形により供試用デイスクが調
整され，この成形用金型の内面のキャビティ部は銅を対
向電極とした放電加工法によって製作されたものであっ
て，その内表面の粗さは３ケ所１０点測定平均値でＲｚ
値５．６μｍであった。一方比較例に供した金型は，研
削で概略寸法に加工した後，研磨砥粒紙によって更に精
密研磨仕上げを行ったもので，表面粗さはＲｚ値では
３．３μｍであった。(C) The third group experiment is an example in which a so-called engineering plastic (PET in this example) reinforced with glass fiber (GFRP) disk is used for the experiment. In the case of this example, the sample disk was adjusted by injection molding, and the cavity on the inner surface of this molding die was manufactured by the electric discharge machining method using copper as the counter electrode. Roughness is Rz as an average of 10 points measured at 3 locations
The value was 5.6 μm. On the other hand, the metal mold used in the comparative example was processed by grinding to a rough size and then further finely polished with abrasive grain paper, and the surface roughness was Rz value of 3.3 μm.
【００３８】成形された供試試料（ＧＦＲＰＥＴ）の表
面粗さも略この金型内面粗度に近いものであり，粗さの
点では研磨仕上げ面が，放電加工面に比べ平滑性におい
て優れるものであったが，摺動特性の点では，本願方法
による面がむしろ耐摩耗，摩擦係数の点で格段に優れる
結果が得られた。これは加工面の凹凸の方向性の有無が
大きく摺動特性改善に大きく寄与しているものとも解さ
れるが，その機構解釈については拘束されない。The surface roughness of the molded test sample (GFRPET) is also close to the inner surface roughness of the mold, and in terms of roughness, the polished surface is superior in smoothness to the electrical discharge machined surface. However, in terms of sliding characteristics, the surface obtained by the method of the present invention was rather excellent in terms of wear resistance and friction coefficient. It can be understood that this is because the presence or absence of the directionality of the unevenness of the machined surface greatly contributes to the improvement of the sliding characteristics, but its mechanism interpretation is not restricted.
【００３９】（ニ）第４実験群はセラミックスであるガ
ラスをディスク状軸材として実験に供した例である。凹
凸の殆どない鏡面の板ガラス（比較例２１）は摩耗は少
ないが摩擦係数が非常に高く，又方向性のある凹凸研磨
加工で設けた板ガラス（比較例２２）は摩耗が非常に多
い。方向性のないランダムな状態で所定の粗度に制御さ
れた凹凸を有する実施例１４は摩擦，摩耗共優れた特性
を示した。 (D) The fourth experimental group is a ceramic
This is an example in which a lath is used as a disc-shaped shaft material in an experiment. Concave
The flat plate glass with almost no convex surface (Comparative Example 21) has little wear.
Although it has no friction coefficient, it has a very high friction coefficient and it has directional unevenness.
The plate glass provided by processing (Comparative Example 22) has very high wear.
Yes. Controlled to a specified roughness in a random state with no directionality
Example 14 having unevenness is excellent in both friction and wear.
showed that.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】本発明による摺動部材は，実施例に示す
ように２００℃，無潤滑という苛酷な条件下においてア
ルミニウム合金などの軟質軸においても損傷を来すこと
なく，且つ，低摩擦係数，相手軸受材の低摩耗率化を示
す優れた効果を有している。又硬質材料で軸が損傷しに
くいＳＵＳ３０３ステンレス鋼の場合でも，相手の耐摩
耗性を格段に向上させる極めて優れた効果を有してい
る。As shown in the examples, the sliding member according to the present invention does not cause damage to a soft shaft such as an aluminum alloy under the severe condition of 200 ° C. and no lubrication, and has a low coefficient of friction. , It has the excellent effect of lowering the wear rate of the mating bearing material. Further, even in the case of SUS303 stainless steel, which is a hard material and the shaft is hard to be damaged, it has an extremely excellent effect of significantly improving the wear resistance of the other party.
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ１０Ｍ 125:02） Ｃ１０Ｎ 20:06 Ｂ 40:02 40:06 70:00 Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display area C10M 125: 02) C10N 20:06 B 40:02 40:06 70:00
Claims (6)
示で０．２〜２０μｍの二次元的に方向性のない凹凸を
設けた摺動部材。1. A sliding member having a two-dimensionally non-directional unevenness of 0.2 to 20 μm in terms of 10-point average roughness (Rz) on the surface of the sliding portion.
む），アルミニウム合金製材料，銅系合金，高分子製材
料（繊維強化材含む）である請求項１に記載の摺動部
材。2. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the material of the sliding portion is a steel material (including stainless steel material), an aluminum alloy material, a copper alloy, and a polymer material (including fiber reinforced material). Element.
スト加工法，エッチング加工法，金属溶射法，カロライ
ズ加工法，放電加工法により，表面凹凸加工が施された
ものである請求項１に記載の摺動部材。3. The method for imparting unevenness to the material of the sliding portion is such that surface unevenness is applied by a blasting method, an etching method, a metal spraying method, a calorizing method, or an electric discharge machining method. The sliding member according to 1.
面に予め設けられた凹凸により加工された高分子製材料
（繊維強化材を含む）である請求項１に記載の摺動部
材。4. The sliding according to claim 1, wherein the process of imparting unevenness to the material of the sliding portion is a polymer material (including fiber reinforced material) processed by unevenness provided in advance on the inner surface of the mold. Element.
示で０．２〜２０μｍの二次元的に方向性のない凹凸を
設けた摺動部材を，複写機用内部の回転摺動部（熱定着
ロ−ルを含む）の構成部品，電子機器（プリンタ−を含
む）の回転軸並びにスラスト摺動部の構成部品，として
用いる摺動部材の使用方法。5. A rotary member inside a copying machine is provided with a sliding member having a two-dimensional unevenness of 0.2 to 20 μm in terms of 10-point average roughness (Rz) displayed on the surface of the sliding portion. A method of using a sliding member used as a component of a moving part (including a heat fixing roll), a rotary shaft of an electronic device (including a printer) and a component of a thrust sliding part.
示で０．２〜２０μｍの二次元的に方向性のない凹凸を
設けた摺動部材を，複写機，プリンタ−の熱定着部アル
ミニウム合金製ロ−ル軸の軸受摺動部の構成部材として
用いる請求項５の摺動部材の使用方法。6. A sliding member having a two-dimensional unevenness of 0.2 to 20 μm in terms of 10-point average roughness (Rz) displayed on the surface of the sliding portion is heat-treated by a copying machine or a printer. The method of using the sliding member according to claim 5, wherein the fixing member is used as a constituent member of a bearing sliding portion of an aluminum alloy roll shaft.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35280893A JPH07190065A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Sliding member |
| EP94119285A EP0661470A3 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1994-12-07 | Sliding Bearing and Counter Parts. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35280893A JPH07190065A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Sliding member |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07190065A true JPH07190065A (en) | 1995-07-28 |
Family
ID=18426582
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35280893A Pending JPH07190065A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Sliding member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07190065A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0949612A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1997-02-18 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Air dispersing pipe for fluidizing air |
| KR100613017B1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2006-08-14 | 페데랄-모굴 비스바덴 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 | Plain bearing and method for the production thereof |
| JP2010060085A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-18 | Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd | Combination of sliding material |
| JP2011084679A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-28 | Starlite Co Ltd | Slide member for power transmission guide |
| JP2013178163A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-09 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | Evaluation method for plastic material |
| WO2015046356A1 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member |
| WO2015046355A1 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member and method for producing sliding member |
| US9956613B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member and production method for same |
| US10036088B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2018-07-31 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member and method of manufacturing the sliding member |
| US10309457B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2019-06-04 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member |
-
1993
- 1993-12-27 JP JP35280893A patent/JPH07190065A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0949612A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1997-02-18 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Air dispersing pipe for fluidizing air |
| KR100613017B1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2006-08-14 | 페데랄-모굴 비스바덴 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 | Plain bearing and method for the production thereof |
| JP2010060085A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-18 | Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd | Combination of sliding material |
| JP2011084679A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-28 | Starlite Co Ltd | Slide member for power transmission guide |
| JP2013178163A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-09 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | Evaluation method for plastic material |
| US10309457B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2019-06-04 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member |
| US9956613B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member and production method for same |
| US10036088B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2018-07-31 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member and method of manufacturing the sliding member |
| WO2015046355A1 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member and method for producing sliding member |
| CN105579723A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-05-11 | 千住金属工业株式会社 | Sliding member and method for producing sliding member |
| JP2015068396A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-13 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Slide member and method for manufacturing slide member |
| JP2015068397A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-13 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Slide member |
| US10145415B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2018-12-04 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Inc. | Sliding member |
| WO2015046356A1 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member |
| US10443653B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2019-10-15 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member and method for manufacturing sliding member |
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