JPH07178537A - Ladle for casting - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To pour molten metal into a mold by making the molten metal mixed with slag the clean molten metal in a ladle for casting and further to shorten the cleaning time of the ladle by reducing the amt. of sticking of the slag to a nozzle for pouring. CONSTITUTION:The nozzle 3 for pouring is arranged at the bottom part of the ladle 1 and a stopper rod 2 is set above this nozzle and a heat-resistant plate 4 having through-holes 5 is arranged near the lower part of the stopper rod 2. The stopper rod 2 is descended and the molten metal is received in a state of bringing the rod 2 into close contact with the nozzle 3 for pouring. The molten metal 7 in the ladle 1 passes through the through-holes 5 opened in the heat-resistant plate 4 arranged on the stopper rod 2 and comes to the side of the nozzle 3 for pouring. At the time of pouring the molten metal into the mold by ascending the stopper rod 2, the slag 6A mixed in the molten metal 7 remains on the heat-resistant plate 4 and only the clean molten metal is supplied into the mold.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ladle capable of easily separating the porosity contained in the molten metal in the ladle when pouring the molten metal from the pouring ladle to the mold. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Up to now, a ladle as shown in FIG. 10 has been widely used. That is, the pouring nozzle 3 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical ladle 1, the stopper rod 2 is installed above the pouring nozzle 3, and the stopper rod 2 is operated upward to move the pouring nozzle 3 and the stopper. This ladle allows the molten metal 7 held in the ladle 1 to flow out from the pouring nozzle 3 by opening the portion in contact with the rod 2.

[0003]

However, the conventional stopper type ladle has the following drawbacks. In FIG. 10, inside the ladle 1, the molten metal 7 and the Noro 6A are mixed and stored. Almost all slag that has a lower specific gravity than the molten metal 7 is the molten metal 7.
It floats on the upper layer and exists as Noro 6. However, a slag having a specific gravity close to that of the molten metal or a slag that causes convection in the ladle cannot be easily floated on the surface and remains mixed in the molten metal even after a long time and remains as a slag 6A.
In this state, if the stopper rod 2 is lifted and the molten metal 7 is poured from the pouring nozzle 3 into the mold (not shown), slag is mixed into the product. Further, when the molten metal 7 mixed with the slag 6A passes through the pouring nozzle 3, it adheres to and deposits on the surface of the pouring nozzle 3, so that the tip of the stopper rod 2 and the pouring nozzle 3 are fitted to each other. However, they do not adhere to each other and cause leakage of hot water. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and a molten metal mixed with slag can be poured into a mold by making it into a clean molten metal in a ladle, and further by reducing adhesion of the slag to a pouring nozzle, a ladle An object of the present invention is to provide a casting ladle capable of shortening the cleaning time.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In the stopper type or sliding gate type bottom pouring ladle, the present inventor changes the flow of molten metal in the vicinity of the pouring nozzle at the bottom of the ladle or the tip of the stopper rod. The present invention has been accomplished by finding that slag can be separated from the molten metal.

First, the first ladle according to the present invention is a stopper-type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted therein, in which the stopper rod is provided with a heat-resistant plate having a through hole. It is a characteristic ladle for casting. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a heat resistant filter in the through hole of this heat resistant plate.

Next, the casting ladle according to the second aspect of the invention is a stopper type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted to the pouring nozzle. A heat-resistant cup having a through hole is provided in the.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a stopper type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted to the pouring nozzle, a heat resistant plate having a through hole is provided in the stopper rod, and the pouring nozzle is further provided. It is characterized in that a heat resistant cup having a through hole is also provided in the ladle on the end face side.
Either the through hole of the heat resistant plate or the through hole of the heat resistant cup,
Alternatively, it is preferable to provide a heat resistant filter on both of them.

A fourth invention is characterized in that the sliding gate type ladle has a heat resistant cup having a through hole in the ladle on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle. In the second and fourth inventions, it is preferable to provide a heat resistant filter in the through hole of the heat resistant cup.

[0009]

In the first aspect of the invention, the stopper rod 2 is actuated upward, and the portion where the pouring nozzle 3 and the stopper rod 2 are in contact is opened so that the molten metal 7 held in the ladle 1 is heat resistant. It is guided to the pouring nozzle 3 through a through hole 5 provided in the plate 4. At this time, floating Noro 6
A cannot pass through the through hole 5 and remains on the upper portion of the heat resistant plate 4. Therefore, only clean molten metal is poured into the mold.
By adopting the heat-resistant plate having the through holes according to the present invention, most of the roe floating in the ladle during the pouring work can be separated from the molten metal and poured into the mold. However, when the viscosity of the slag is low and the fluidity is good due to the temperature of the molten metal being very high, or in the case of a form such as a small block slag, the slag passes through the through holes provided in the heat-resistant plate. Sometimes. In such a case, by using a casting ladle in which a heat resistant filter is installed in a through hole provided in the heat resistant plate, only a clean molten metal can be poured into the mold. In the stopper type ladle, a heat resistant plate 4 having a through hole 5 is provided in the vicinity of the tip portion of the stopper rod 2, and a heat resistant filter 11 having mesh-like eyes is installed in the through hole 5. By raising the stopper 2, the molten metal 7 passes through the mesh-like mesh of the filter 11 installed in the through hole 5 and the pouring nozzle 3
Be led to. At this time, the slag 6A cannot pass through because the eye inside the filter is small, and only the clean molten metal left on the filter 11 is poured into the mold.

In the second aspect of the invention, the stopper rod 2 is operated upward to open the portion where the pouring nozzle 3 and the stopper rod 2 are in contact with each other. Molten metal 7 held in ladle 1
Is guided to the pouring nozzle 3 through the through hole 5 of the heat resistant cup 12 installed on the upper end surface side 3A of the pouring nozzle. The floating slag 6A cannot pass through the through hole 5 and remains on the heat-resistant cup 12, and only a clean molten metal is poured into the mold.

In the third aspect of the invention, the stopper rod 2 is operated upward to open the portion where the pouring nozzle 3 and the stopper rod 2 are in contact with each other. Molten metal 7 held in ladle 1
Is simultaneously passing through the through hole 5 of the heat resistant plate 4 installed on the stopper rod 2 and the through hole 14 of the heat resistant cup 13 installed on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle, and the pouring nozzle 3
Be led to. Floating Noro 6A is through hole 5 or 1
Only the molten metal which cannot pass 4 and is left outside the heat resistant plate 4 or the cup 13 and is clean is poured into the mold.

Also in the sliding gate type ladle according to the fourth aspect of the invention, a casting ladle provided with a heat resistant cup having a through hole in the ladle on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle is clean. It is possible to supply the melt to the mold. In a ladle for casting, a slider 15 and a pouring nozzle 3 are provided at the bottom of the ladle 1, and a cup 12 having a through hole 5 on the upper end side 3A of the pouring nozzle is installed at the bottom of the ladle 1. The slider 15 is operated left and right, and the opening hole formed in the slider 15 is aligned with the opening hole of the pouring nozzle 3. The molten metal 7 held in the ladle 1 is the cup 1
It is guided to the pouring nozzle 3 through the through hole 5 provided in the nozzle 2 and the opening hole of the slider 15. At this time, the floating slag 6A cannot pass through the through hole 5 and is left on the cup 12, so that only clean molten metal is poured into the mold.

[0013] Noro with a low viscosity or a small block-like noro also naturally occurs when using a stopper type or sliding gate type ladle for casting which employs a heat resistant cup provided with a through hole. By using a filter, it is possible to reliably separate the melt and the molten metal and pour the molten metal into the mold. By installing a heat-resistant filter in the through-hole of the heat-resistant cup, the molten metal in the ladle will pass through the mesh of the heat-resistant filter installed in the through-hole during pouring work, and the pouring nozzle Be led to.
At this time, the slag cannot pass through because the eyes in the filter are small, and is left on the filter, so that only clean molten metal is poured into the mold.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a casting ladle according to an embodiment of the first invention. A heat resistant plate 4 having a through hole 5 is provided near the tip of the stopper rod 2. The ladle 1 is a stopper type ladle capable of storing 2000 kg of cast iron molten metal, and has a cylindrical shape having an inner wall diameter of 60 cm and a height of 120 cm.
A pouring nozzle 3 made of a graphite-based alumina material is provided at the bottom of the ladle 1, and a stopper rod 2 made of a graphite-based alumina material that can be moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) at the upper portion of the nozzle 3. Is provided. The pouring nozzle 3 has a conical opening, and its diameter is 5 cm. The diameter of the stopper rod 2 is 8 cm. At the position 10 cm from the lower end of the stopper rod 2, the diameter 5
A 6 cm disc-shaped heat resistant plate 4 is provided, and 60 through holes 5 having a diameter of 3 cm are provided in the heat resistant plate 4. Next, the operation sequence of the casting ladle according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ladle showing the state before receiving the hot water from the holding furnace to the ladle, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ladle during receiving the hot water from the holding furnace to the ladle, and Fig. 4 is the pouring by raising the stopper rod Sectional view during pouring into the mold with the opening of the hot water nozzle open. Fig. 5 shows a state in which the amount of residual hot water in the ladle has decreased after pouring repeatedly into a mold with several dozen frames. A sectional view is shown. Figure 2 State before hot water reception. The ladle 1 is in an empty state before receiving the molten metal. The stopper rod 2 is lowered and brought into close contact with the pouring nozzle 3 provided at the bottom of the ladle 1. Figure 3 State of receiving hot water. The holding furnace 8 receives 2000 kg of cast iron molten metal. The molten metal 7A reaching the bottom of the ladle 1 is the molten metal that has passed through the through holes 5 provided in the heat resistant plate 4, and the slag is a clean molten metal that is not mixed. Figure 4 The state of pouring into the mold. The ladle 1 that has completed receiving the hot water is moved to the pouring station, and the ladle 1 is arranged so that the pouring nozzle 3 at the bottom of the ladle 1 is located directly above the spout 10 of the mold 9. Next, the stopper rod 2 of the ladle 1 is raised to open the opening of the pouring nozzle 3, and pouring is performed. Fig. 5 State where the amount of remaining hot water is low. The pouring weight per one frame of the mold is about 50 kg. The remaining hot water in the ladle 1 is 50
The pouring of about 30 frames is repeated until it becomes 0 kg or less, and then the molten metal is replenished from the holding furnace 8. After pouring dozens of frames, the molten metal at the upper part of the heat-resistant plate 4 is considerably thickened with slag 6A, but the molten metal 7A at the lower part of the heat-resistant plate 4 maintains the cleanliness level equal to that at the beginning of pouring. . The opening of the pouring nozzle 3 is also clean with little sticking of slag.

In the conventional stopper type ladle shown in FIG. 10, about 2 hours after starting the pouring work after replacing the stopper rod, there was a leak from the pouring nozzle portion, so it took about 1.5 hours. Although the slag accumulated on the nozzle was removed once every time, by adopting the casting ladle of FIG. 1 of the present invention, it was only necessary to perform cleaning once every 3 hours. In addition, the occurrence rate of bleeding, which is a defect of castings for automobile brake parts, including the fine slagging, is 1
It was improved from 5% to 7%.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a casting ladle according to the second invention. In the stopper type ladle, the stopper rod 2 is placed in the ladle on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle 3 installed at the bottom of the ladle 1.
And a heat resistant cup 12 having a through hole 5 is provided.
The heat resistant cup 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 5 and is fixed to the upper end surface side 3A of the pouring nozzle. The stopper rod 2 can freely move up and down without interfering with the heat resistant cup 12. The molten metal 7 stored in the ladle 1 is covered with a slag 6 at its upper portion, but the slag 6A is mixed in the middle thereof. After moving the ladle 1 to the pouring station and arranging the pouring nozzle 3 at the bottom of the ladle 1 so as to be located right above the sprue of the mold, the stopper rod 2 is raised and the pouring nozzle 3 Open the opening and perform the normal pouring work. At this time, the molten metal 7 passes through the through hole 5 provided in the heat resistant cup 12 and reaches the pouring nozzle 3. Molten metal 7
Since the slag 6A mixed in the lump has a lump-like or paste-like form, it cannot pass through the through hole 5, and only the clean molten metal 7 remains on the upper surface side of the heat-resistant cup 12 and the pouring nozzle 3
Be led to. Therefore, the amount of slag adhered to the opening of the pouring nozzle 3 is small, and leakage of the pouring water during the pouring work is unlikely to occur. By adopting the casting ladle of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of slag entering the product because only the clean molten metal is poured, and the ladle cleaning time per day can be reduced. .

Third Embodiment Next, a description will be given with reference to FIG. The present invention is based on FIG. 1 and FIG.
It is an application combination of the basic shapes explained in and, and its effect is more exerted in a large-capacity ladle with a ladle capacity of 6 tons or more. In a stopper type ladle 1 having a pouring nozzle 3 and a stopper rod 2 fitted therein, a heat resistant plate 4 having a through hole 5 is provided in the vicinity of the lower part of the stopper rod, and the outer shape of the heat resistant plate 4 is provided. A heat-resistant cup 13 having an inner shape slightly larger than the above is provided in the ladle above the pouring nozzle 3. Further, the heat resistant cup 13 is provided with a through hole 14. The outside of the plate 4 is the cup 1
Since it is smaller than the inside of 3, even if the stopper rod 2 is moved up and down, they do not interfere with each other. Figure 7 shows ladle 1
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a ladle showing a state in which the molten metal 7 stored in 1 is covered with a slag 6 and the slag 6A is mixed in the middle thereof. After moving the ladle 1 to the pouring station and arranging the pouring nozzle 3 at the bottom of the ladle 1 so as to be located right above the spout of the mold, the stopper rod 2 is raised to carry out the pouring work. To do. At this time, the molten metal 7 passes through the through hole 5 provided in the plate 4 and the through hole 14 provided in the cup 13 and is guided to the pouring nozzle 3. The molten metal 7 passes through the through holes 5 or 14 and reaches the pouring nozzle 3, but the mixed slag 6A is in the form of a lump or a paste, and therefore the through hole 5 is formed.
Or, it cannot pass through 14 and is left on the upper part of the plate 4 or outside the cup 13, and only the clean molten metal is poured into the mold. Also according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of slag entering the product and further reduce the cleaning time of the ladle per day.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 8 is an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a sliding gate type ladle. In the ladle 1, a heat resistant cup 12 having a through hole 5 is provided inside the ladle 3A on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle 3 and the slider 15. The pouring from the ladle to the mold is carried out by operating the slider 15 provided on the bottom of the ladle 1 to the left and right with a hydraulic cylinder to perform pouring work, and the molten metal 7 is heat resistant. After passing through the through hole 5 provided in the cup 12, the slider 15 and the pouring nozzle 3 are sequentially passed to be supplied into the mold. Since the slag 6A mixed in the molten metal 7 has a lump or paste form as described in the above example, it cannot pass through the through hole 5 and remains on the upper surface side of the cup 12, so that only clean molten metal is poured. It is guided to the hot water nozzle 3. The shape of the heat resistant cup 12 is not limited to the semi-spherical shape shown in FIG. 8, and may be a cylindrical shape or a conical shape. According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of slag entering the product, and further shorten the cleaning time of the ladle.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing an embodiment in which a heat resistant filter is provided in the through hole of the heat resistant plate. A pouring nozzle 3 is provided at the bottom of the ladle 1, and a stopper rod 2 is installed above the pouring nozzle 3.
A heat resistant plate 4 having a through hole 5 is provided near the lower portion of the stopper rod 2. Further, a heat resistant filter 11 is attached to the through hole 5. The filter 11 is formed of a heat-resistant mesh ceramic fiber. Molten metal 7
Since the slag 6A mixed in is in the form of a lump or a paste, it can usually be removed when the molten metal 7 passes through the through hole 5 provided in the heat resistant plate 4. However, when the viscosity of the melt 6A is low and the flowability is good due to the reason that the temperature of the molten metal 7 is extremely high, or in the case of a form such as a small lump, it is difficult to completely separate the melt with only the through holes. is there. The present invention has been devised so that such hard-to-separate slag can be separated by a relatively simple method. In FIG. 9, the opening of the pouring nozzle 3 is opened by raising the stopper rod 2 with a hydraulic cylinder. The molten metal 7 passes through a filter 11 provided in a through hole 5 provided in the heat resistant plate 4 and is guided to the pouring nozzle 3. The size of the filter mesh is very small compared to the size of the through hole 5, and the size of the molten metal 7
It is extremely effective for separating A and pouring only clean molten metal into the mold. The filter used in the present invention can also be installed in the heat resistant plate of the ladle and the through hole of the cup described in FIGS. In either case, by adopting a filter with a small filter such as a heat-resistant reticulated ceramic fiber, it is possible to separate even a product with good fluidity or a small block, and supply only clean molten metal to the mold. Is possible. In any of these cases, it is possible to prevent slag from entering the product and reduce the cleaning time of the ladle.

[0020]

As described above, as a result of using the casting ladle of the present invention, the slag mixed in the molten metal can be easily separated in the ladle, so that the defective slag of the product can be greatly improved. it can. Further, it is possible to reduce sticking of slag to the pouring nozzle, reduce leakage of pouring water during pouring work, and reduce cleaning time of the pouring nozzle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a stopper-type casting ladle according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a ladle sectional view showing a state before hot water receiving in Example 1.

FIG. 3 is a ladle sectional view showing a state during hot water reception in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a ladle sectional view showing a state of pouring molten metal into the mold of Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a ladle sectional view showing a state in which the amount of remaining hot water in Example 1 is small.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a stopper-type casting ladle according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a stopper-type casting ladle according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding gate type ladle for casting according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a stopper-type casting ladle according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a structure of a conventional ladle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Ladle 2 Stopper Rod 3 Pouring Nozzle 4 Heat Resistant Plate 5, 14 Through Hole 6, 6A Noro 7, 7A Molten Metal 8 Holding Furnace 9 Mold 10 Gate 11 Filter 12, 13 Cup

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A stopper type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted to the nozzle, the casting ladle being provided with a heat resistant plate having a through hole in the stopper rod. 2. A stopper type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted to the pouring nozzle, in which a heat resistant cup having a through hole is provided in the ladle on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle. Ladle. 3. A stopper type ladle having a pouring nozzle and a stopper rod fitted to the pouring nozzle, wherein the stopper rod is provided with a heat resistant plate having a through hole, and the pouring nozzle on the upper end surface side of the pouring nozzle is provided. A ladle for casting that also has a heat-resistant cup with a through hole inside. 4. In a sliding gate type ladle,
A casting ladle provided with a heat-resistant cup with a through hole in the ladle on the upper end side of the pouring nozzle. 5. The ladle for casting according to claim 1, wherein the through hole of the heat resistant plate is provided with a heat resistant filter. 6. The casting ladle according to claim 2, wherein a heat resistant filter is provided in a through hole of the heat resistant cup. 7. The casting ladle according to claim 3, wherein a heat resistant filter is provided in either or both of the through hole of the heat resistant plate and the through hole of the heat resistant cup.