JPH07175848A - Automatically designing device for irradiation direction of floodlighting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an automatically irradiation direction designing device for floodlighting apparatus practical in use and with wide application ranges even for complicated lighting design conditions. CONSTITUTION:Floodlighting apparatus group entire light distribution deriving parts a 3-d 6 selected by a processing procedure selection means a 2 are operated at every satisfaction of a design condition inputted by a floodlighting design condition input part 1, and the entire light distribution of a floodlighting apparatus group is calculated. Lighting direction decision parts a 11-b 12 selected by a processing procedure selection means b 10 are operated by using a floodlighting apparatus inputted by a floodlighting apparatus light distribution input part 8, and the lighting direction of the floodlighting apparatus can be decided. Furthermore, it is decided whether or not such result can be further optimized by using secondary processing parts a 14-b 15 by a processing procedure selection means (c), and a floodlighting design result is outputted from a final result output part 16.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of a floodlighting fixture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, William E. Bracket has been used as an automatic irradiation direction designing device for floodlighting luminaires using an electronic computer.
t, Automatic flood light aiming optimization, JOURNA
It is known to use the algorithm of linear programming, which was published in L OF IES, JULY 1978, P223.

[0003]

However, in this method, when the calculation process of the linear programming method is solved by an electronic computer, the more complicated the conditions for designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire, the more exponentially a large computer. Power was needed and practical application was difficult.

In consideration of the above problems of the conventional automatic designing apparatus, the present invention provides a floodlighting lighting apparatus irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus which is practical and has a wide range of application even for complicated lighting design conditions. The purpose is to do.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire according to the present invention has an intermediate state in which the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is calculated back from the illumination specifications. It is constructed by using an algorithm of dynamic programming according to the optimality principle so that the final state that approximates the light distribution of the whole floodlighting luminaire group by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire is defined. That is, it has the following means.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of a floodlighting fixture of a floodlight is configured to input a range to be illuminated, a geometric position of the floodlighting fixture group, and design target lighting specifications. Illumination design condition input unit, assuming a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the floodlighting lighting fixture group input by the floodlighting design condition input unit, and irradiating range by the point light source Using the given virtual illuminance distribution as a function, input the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group to calculate the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group that satisfies the lighting specifications, and the light distribution of the floodlighting fixture to be used. Use floodlighting equipment light distribution input section,
The output of the entire light distribution and deriving unit of the floodlighting luminaire group is used, and the illuminating light fixture irradiation includes an irradiation direction determining unit that approximates the light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires input by the light flooding luminaire light distribution input unit. The directional design is calculated by backcalculating the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group as a function of the virtual illuminance distribution as the input lighting specifications are calculated, and then the floodlighting luminaires are individually distributed to the entire floodlighting luminaire group. To approximate the light distribution of.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, among the means for solving the problem of the first aspect, a floodlighting lighting design condition input is performed in a floodlighting lighting fixture group entire light distribution deriving unit of an irradiation direction automatic designing device for floodlighting lighting fixtures. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the floodlight lighting device group input to the section, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is the square of the distance. Is calculated under the physical law of being inversely proportional to, and the floodlighting lighting fixture group is such that the floodlighting lighting fixture group at the geometrical position that gives the most virtual illuminance at each position of the illuminated range gives the illumination specifications. The lighting device group has an entire light distribution derivation unit having a processing procedure, which constitutes the entire light distribution.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, among the means for solving the problem of the first aspect, the floodlighting lighting device group entire light distribution deriving unit of the irradiation direction automatic designing device for the floodlighting lighting device inputs the floodlighting design condition. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the floodlight lighting device group input to the section, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is the square of the distance. The square of the physical law that is inversely proportional to
Projection is carried out by changing the calculation from the fourth power to the fourth power and dividing the target illumination specifications for each position of the irradiation range for each floodlighting luminaire group by the ratio of the virtual illuminance. It has a floodlighting luminaire group whole light distribution derivation | leading-out part which has a process procedure and comprises the light distribution of the whole luminaire group.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the means for solving the problem of the first aspect, an input is made to a floodlight design condition input section in a whole lighting fixture group light distribution deriving section of an apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of floodlight. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the floodlighting lighting device group, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. The target lighting specifications for each position of the irradiation range are set as the objective function, and the virtual illuminance is set as the limiting function, and the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is configured. , Has an entire light distribution derivation unit having a processing procedure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving unit according to the second aspect and the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit according to the fourth aspect are provided at the same time. Light projection with a processing procedure that configures the result of combining the light distributions of the entire light distribution group of the light distribution group as the final light distribution of the entire light distribution group. The entire lighting fixture group has a light distribution derivation unit.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the means for solving the problem of any one of the first to fifth aspects, an intermediate result output for outputting the intermediate result obtained by the entire light distribution and deriving section of the floodlighting luminaire group. Parts.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the means for solving the problem of any one of the first to sixth aspects, in the irradiation direction determining unit of the automatic irradiation device irradiation direction designing apparatus, the entire projection lighting device group is used. At the position of the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group obtained by the light distribution derivation unit, the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the used floodlighting fixture input by the used floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit Are overlapped with each other, and this is the initial light distribution, and the lighting result obtained by the light distribution of the entire floodlighting lighting fixture group, and the position that gives the most difference between the lighting results obtained by the initial light distribution, Repeat the procedure for superimposing the maximum luminous intensity points of the distributions of the used floodlights input by the floodlighted light distribution input unit for use again, and setting this as a new initial light distribution until the difference is minimized. By repeating this, the light distribution of the entire group of floodlighting luminaires can be In having a radiation direction determining unit that approximates.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, among the means for solving the problems of any one of the first to sixth aspects, in the irradiation direction determining section of the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the projection lighting equipment, the distribution of the lighting equipment used. The initial luminous intensity, which is input by the light input unit, exceeds the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group obtained by irradiating the floodlighting fixtures in any number and in any direction. After obtaining the light distribution, the difference between the light distribution of the entire floodlighting lighting fixture group and the illumination result of the illuminated range by the initial luminous intensity light distribution is calculated, and among the floodlighting illuminators that configure the initial light distribution, The floodlighting fixture having the largest difference is erased, and the light distribution obtained thereby is set as a new initial light distribution, and the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group and the irradiation range by the new initial light distribution are set. Calculate the difference of the illumination result of, of the floodlighting luminaire that constituted the initial light distribution, Is repeated until the difference is minimized, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group is approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture. It has a decision part.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a floodlighting fixture, wherein the illumination direction determining unit of the apparatus for automatically designing the illumination direction of the floodlight according to claim 7 or 8 is input by a floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit used. The beam angle of the light distribution is detected, and when the incident angle with respect to the irradiation range at the center of the beam optical axis is deep, When illuminating a luminaire and the incident angle to the irradiated area around the beam optical axis is shallow, use a illuminator with a narrow-angle light distribution with a narrow beam angle input at the floodlight illuminator light distribution input section. For each irradiation, there is a processing procedure for setting the incident angle with respect to the irradiation range around the center of the beam optical axis to be shallower as the beam angle of the floodlighting fixture used becomes narrower.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting equipment according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the output of the entire light distribution deriving section of the floodlighting equipment group is used. The output from the irradiation direction determination unit, which is approximated by the light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires input by the light input unit, is combined to calculate the lighting result of the irradiation range after the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire is designed. , The projection direction of the floodlighting luminaire at the position of the irradiating range that has the largest difference among the differences between the illumination results after designing the projection direction of the floodlighting luminaire and the lighting specifications. A secondary processing unit is provided that minimizes the difference between the illumination result and the illumination specifications of the illuminated area after the removal and the illumination projection illumination direction design.

In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting equipment according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the output of the entire light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting equipment group is used. The output from the irradiation direction determination unit, which is approximated by the light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires input by the light input unit, is combined to calculate the lighting result of the irradiation range after the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire is designed. , The projection direction of the projection lighting fixture is set to the position of the irradiation range that has the smallest difference among the differences between the illumination results after designing the projection direction of the projection lighting fixture and the lighting specifications. In addition, minimize the difference between the illumination result and the illumination specifications of the illuminated area after performing the floodlight illumination direction design.
It has a secondary processing unit.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the illumination range and the geometrical position of the floodlighting fixture group, and the floodlighting design condition input section for inputting design target proof specifications are input by the floodlighting design condition input section. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual light intensity at the geometric position of the projected floodlight luminaire group, a projection that satisfies the illumination specifications as a function of the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source. The light distribution deriving unit according to any one of claims 2 to 5 for back-calculating the light distribution of the entire light lighting fixture group, the intermediate result output unit according to claim 6, and the first embodiment. A light-projecting-lighting-device light distribution input unit used, and an output of the whole light-projecting lighting device group light distribution deriving unit is approximated by light distribution of each light-projecting lighting device input at the light-projecting lighting device light distribution input unit. 7. The irradiation direction determination unit according to any one of 7 to 9 Claim 10 further optimize the floodlights radiation direction designed from the illuminance distribution and lighting specifications of comparison processing of the irradiated range after combining the approximate results of the light distribution of the entire instrument group,
Or the secondary processing unit according to claim 11, further comprising:
9. The processing procedure selecting unit for determining which process of the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and which process of the irradiation direction determining unit according to claim 7 or 8 to perform. 12. The processing procedure selecting means for determining whether or not the processing of the irradiation direction determining section according to claim 9 is performed in addition to the processing of the processing procedure selecting means according to claim 9 and the processing of the irradiation direction determining section selected by the selecting means. It has a processing procedure selecting means for determining which processing of the secondary processing unit of (1) is to be performed.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire according to the twelfth aspect of the invention, instead of the output of the entire light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting luminaire group, the floodlighting luminaire is already used. It has a means for inputting the result of the irradiation direction being determined to the irradiation direction determination unit.

[0019]

In the present invention, the illumination direction design of the floodlighting fixture is calculated by back-calculating the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group as a function of the virtual illuminance distribution as a function of the input illumination specifications. The light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is approximated by each light distribution, and further, the illuminance distribution and the illumination specifications of the illuminated range after the result of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is combined By implementing an automatic floodlight lighting device irradiation direction design device that has a processing procedure that further optimizes the floodlight lighting irradiation direction design from the comparison processing of FIG. The operation according to the principle of optimality, in which the intermediate state obtained by back-calculating the light distribution of the entire group from the lighting specifications defines the final state that approximates the light distribution of the entire group of floodlighting luminaires by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire. Can now be done in the process of dynamic programming.

In the processing by the conventional linear programming method, since the simplex table of the simplex method is constructed for the entire irradiation range, the calculation matrix becomes huge and the calculation ability of a large computer class is required to converge the solution. What has been done is that in the floodlight fixture irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to the processing of the dynamic programming method of the present invention, even when the simplex method is used, the calculation for each point in the irradiation range is performed. Therefore, the calculation matrix can be small, and can be realized even with the computing power of a personal computer class.

For the calculation of the certain point, the idea of the six-sided illuminance and G.
R. By introducing the above idea, the semi-cylindrical surface illuminance, the cylindrical surface illuminance, the hemispherical surface illuminance, and the spherical illuminance can be flexibly dealt with even if they are set as the target illumination design conditions.

Further, since the processing process of the dynamic programming can be adaptively selected as in the present invention, the application range is widened.

Further, the wide-angle / medium-angle / narrow-angle floodlighting luminaires are mixed to optimize the lighting design, and the irregular processing is performed by secondarily utilizing the processing result. It has become possible. More specifically, as described in claim 1, in an automatic irradiation direction designing apparatus for a floodlighting luminaire, which comprises an electronic calculator, the irradiation range, the geometric position of the floodlighting luminaire group, and the design target. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminosity at the geometric position of the floodlighting lighting fixture group input by the floodlighting design condition input unit for inputting illumination specifications, As a function of the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated area by the point light source,
Floodlighting equipment group total light distribution derivation unit that back-calculates the light distribution of the whole floodlighting lighting equipment group that satisfies the lighting specifications, and floodlighting lighting equipment light distribution input unit that inputs the light distribution of the floodlighting lighting equipment to be used A projection direction determining unit that approximates the light distribution of each of the floodlighting fixtures input by the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit using the output of the entire floodlighting fixture group After designing the irradiation direction, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is backcalculated as the input illumination specifications are evaluated using the virtual illuminance distribution as a function.
By providing a processing procedure for approximating the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group, which is in the intermediate state of the solution, is input to the illumination. It is possible to automatically calculate the virtual illuminance distribution as a function from the specifications. Using the intermediate state of this solution, determine the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture, which is the final state of the solution, by approximating the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group with the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture. Is possible. That is, it is possible to embody the automatic design of the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture based on the dynamic programming method according to the optimality principle that the optimal intermediate state defines the optimal final state.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the whole light distribution deriving section of the floodlighting luminaire group of the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire according to the first aspect, the floodlight input to the floodlighting design condition input section is input. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the lighting equipment group, the virtual law of illuminance given to the illuminated range by the point light source is such that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. And the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is configured so that the floodlighting luminaire group at the geometrical position that gives the most virtual illuminance at each position of the illuminated range gives the illumination specifications. , A light projecting lighting device irradiation direction automatic designing device characterized by having a light distribution derivation unit for a whole lighting device group having a processing procedure, Most efficient for horizontal illuminance within the illuminated area It is possible to realize self-generation so that it is possible to minimize the number of floodlights to be used. Is possible.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving section of the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire according to the first aspect, the floodlight input to the floodlighting design condition input section is used. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the lighting equipment group, the virtual law of illuminance given to the illuminated range by the point light source is such that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Is calculated by changing the square of 4 from the −4th power to the 4th power, and the target illumination specifications for each position of the irradiation range are divided for each floodlighting fixture group at the ratio of the virtual illuminance. In the case of configuring a floodlighting fixture irradiation direction automatic designing device characterized by having a light distribution derivation unit for the whole floodlighting fixture group having a processing procedure, which configures the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group as described above. , And the vertical illuminance of the illumination in the illuminated area with respect to the target illumination specifications The approximation of the planar illumination, to low from high, it is possible to embody varied arbitrarily floodlights fixture irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus multipliers -4 to 4 as a parameter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the whole lighting distribution group deriving section of the lighting direction automatic designing apparatus for flood lighting according to the first aspect, the flood lighting apparatus group input to the flood lighting design condition input section. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is based on the physical law that illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. A light projection having a processing procedure of calculating and setting the target illumination specifications for each position of the irradiation range as an objective function and the virtual illuminance as a limit function, and configuring the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire group as a whole. In the case of configuring the floodlighting fixture irradiation direction automatic designing device characterized by having the entire lighting fixture group light distribution derivation unit, even when complicated lighting design conditions are given, the above-mentioned floodlighting design condition input The target lighting specifications input by the department The light distribution of the whole had floodlight fixture group,
It is possible to self-generate while taking into consideration both horizontal and vertical illuminance in the illuminated area, and a quality that automatically approximates the quality of flood lighting fixtures with a high degree of approximation to the most input lighting specifications. It is possible to embody a priority type floodlighting device irradiation direction automatic designing device.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlight according to the first aspect, the entire light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting fixture group according to the second aspect and the floodlighting fixture according to the fourth aspect. A final floodlight with a result of combining the light distributions of the entire floodlighting lighting fixture groups of the two floodlighting lighting fixtures group whole light distribution lead-out units at an arbitrary ratio. 3. A floodlighting fixture irradiation direction automatic designing device comprising a floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution derivation unit having a processing procedure, which is configured as a light distribution of the whole fixture group.
The design which gives priority to the cost of the result obtained by using the whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution derivation part, and the quality obtained by using the floodlighting lighting device group whole light distribution derivation part according to claim 4. An intermediate solution with the design with priority can be arbitrarily selected.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlight of the floodlight according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, it is obtained by the entire light distribution deriving unit of the floodlight group. It has an intermediate result output section that outputs an intermediate result, and when performing automatic design of the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire, it is possible to output the intermediate result obtained by the whole light distribution deriving section of the floodlighting luminaire group. By configuring the floodlighting fixture irradiation direction automatic designing device characterized by, when performing the automatic designing of the floodlighting fixture irradiation direction, the intermediate results obtained by the entire light distribution and derivation unit of the floodlighting fixture group are By being able to output, the theoretical limit value of lighting design under input conditions can be predicted in advance before the automatic design of the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire is completed.

According to a seventh aspect, in the irradiation direction determining section of the projection direction lighting apparatus irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, it is obtained by the entire light distribution deriving section of the projection lighting apparatus group. The maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the used floodlighting fixture input from the used floodlighting fixture light distribution input section is superimposed on the position of the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group, and this is initially distributed. Again, at the position where the difference between the illumination result obtained by the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group and the illumination result obtained by the initial light distribution is given most, the used floodlighting illuminator light distribution is performed again. By projecting the maximum luminous intensity points of the light distributions of the floodlights used, which are input by the input unit, and repeating this procedure as a new initial light distribution until the difference is minimized, the floodlights. Determines the irradiation direction by approximating the light distribution of the entire group with the light distribution of each floodlight By configuring an apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group can be approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire in a short processing time. It will be possible.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the irradiation direction determining section of the floodlighting illuminator irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the input is made at the used floodlighting illuminator light distribution input section. After irradiating the floodlighting luminaire in any number and in any direction, after obtaining the initial luminous intensity distribution exceeding the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group obtained by the floodlighting luminaire whole light distribution deriving unit, The difference between the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group and the illumination result of the illuminated range due to the initial light intensity distribution is calculated, and among the floodlighting illuminators forming the initial light distribution, the light source having the largest difference is projected. The luminaire is erased, and the light distribution obtained by this is used as a new initial light distribution, and the difference between the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group and the illumination result of the illuminated range by the new initial light distribution is calculated. Among the floodlighting luminaires that make up the initial light distribution, the one with the largest difference is given. By repeating the procedure for deleting the luminaires until the difference is minimized, a light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is approximated by the light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires. By configuring the above-described device for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group can be approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture while arbitrarily setting the approximation accuracy.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the irradiation direction determining section of the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlight according to any one of claims 7 to 8 is input by the light distribution input section of the floodlighting apparatus used. The beam angle of the light distribution of the floodlight is detected, and when the incident angle of the center of the beam optical axis with respect to the irradiation range is deep, the beam angle input by the floodlight distribution input unit used is wide. Narrow-angle light distribution with a narrow beam angle input at the light distribution input part of the floodlight illuminator used when illuminating a wide-angle light fixture and the incident angle at the center of the beam optical axis to the illuminated range is shallow The projection procedure is such that, as the beam angle of the projection illuminator used is narrowed, the incident angle with respect to the irradiation range at the center of the beam optical axis is set to be shallower. By configuring an automatic lighting device irradiation direction design device,
Illumination light can be given to the irradiated area more efficiently.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting equipment according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the output of the entire light distribution deriving part of the floodlighting lighting equipment group is input to the use floodlighting equipment light distribution input part. Each of the projected lighting fixtures is combined with the output from the irradiation direction determination unit that approximates the light distribution, and the lighting result of the illuminated range after the projection direction of the floodlighting fixture is designed is calculated. Of the differences between the illumination results of the irradiation range after the irradiation direction design and the illumination specifications, the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture that gives the most excessive difference is deleted, and the floodlighting irradiation direction design is performed. It has a secondary processing unit that minimizes the difference between the lighting result of the irradiated area and the lighting specifications after performing, and calculates the light distribution of the entire floodlight luminaire group from the target lighting requirements, and then projects the light. The light distribution of each lighting fixture approximates the light distribution of the entire lighting fixture group. Illumination direction of floodlight lighting equipment characterized by further optimizing design of floodlight illumination direction from comparison processing of illumination result and illumination specifications after combining approximate results of light distribution of entire fixture group By configuring the automatic design device, it is possible to perform a process for further optimizing the design of the projection direction of the floodlight.

According to an eleventh aspect of the invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting equipment according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the output of the entire light distribution deriving section of the floodlighting equipment group is input to the light distribution input section of the used floodlighting equipment. Each of the projected lighting fixtures is combined with the output from the irradiation direction determination unit that approximates the light distribution, and the lighting result of the illuminated range after the projection direction of the floodlighting fixture is designed is calculated. The illumination result of the irradiation range after performing the irradiation direction design, and among the differences between the illumination specifications, add the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire to the position of the irradiation range that has the smallest difference
Having a secondary processing unit that minimizes the difference between the illumination result and the illumination specifications of the illuminated area after performing the floodlight illumination direction design,
After the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group is calculated back from the target lighting requirement, the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group is approximated by the individual light distribution of the floodlighting fixture, and further A device for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, which is characterized by further optimizing the designing of the irradiation direction of the floodlight from the comparison processing of the illumination result and the illumination specifications after combining the approximate results of the light distribution of By configuring the above, it is possible to perform a process for further optimizing the design of the floodlight illumination irradiation direction.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting fixture of floodlighting, the floodlight for inputting a range to be illuminated, a geometric position of the floodlighting fixture group, and design target proof specifications. Illumination design condition input unit, assuming a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometrical position of the floodlighting lighting fixture group input by the floodlighting design condition input unit, and irradiating range by the point light source The total light distribution deriving unit for floodlighting lighting device group according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the light distribution of the entire floodlighting lighting device group that satisfies the illumination specifications is back-calculated as a function of the given virtual illuminance distribution. The output of the intermediate result output unit according to claim 6, the use floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit according to claim 1, and the whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution derivation unit is input to the use floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit. 8. The light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires is approximated. The irradiation direction determination unit according to any one of 1), the projection direction irradiation direction design from the comparison processing of the illuminance distribution and the illumination specifications of the irradiation range after synthesizing the approximate results of the light distribution of each individual floodlighting lighting equipment group The secondary processing unit according to any one of claims 10 to 11, which further optimizes
A processing procedure selecting means for selecting which process of the floodlighting lighting device group whole light distribution deriving unit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, and an irradiation direction determining unit according to any one of claims 7 to 8. 10. A processing procedure selection unit that determines which processing is to be performed, a processing procedure selection unit that determines whether or not to perform the processing of the irradiation direction determination unit according to claim 9, in addition to the processing of the irradiation direction determination unit selected by the selection unit. Item 10. An apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, which has a processing procedure selection unit that determines which processing of the secondary processing unit according to any one of items 10 to 11 is to be performed, By configuring the above, the required lighting design can be performed for all aspects of the floodlight design.

In the thirteenth aspect, in the irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus of the floodlighting luminaire according to the twelfth aspect, the irradiation direction deciding unit indicates the result that the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire has already been determined. To reprocess the result of the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire having already been determined so that the floodlighting design condition newly input by the floodlighting design condition input unit is satisfied. By constructing a device for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, the same floodlighting luminaire is used as much as possible to realize different lighting scenes by turning on and off the floodlighting luminaire in one lighting field. The lighting design requirements can be met.

[0036]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a floodlighting design condition input unit, 2 is a processing procedure selecting means a, and 3 is a whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution deriving unit a. 4 is a whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution deriving unit b, 5 is a floodlighting lighting device group whole light distribution deriving unit c, 6 is a floodlighting lighting device group whole light distribution deriving unit d, 7 is an intermediate result output unit, 8 is a floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit, 9 is a floodlighting fixture light distribution database, 10 is a processing procedure selection unit b, 11 is an irradiation direction determination unit a, 12 is an irradiation direction determination unit b, and 13 is a processing procedure selection. Means c and 14 are secondary processing units a, 15 is a secondary processing unit b, 16 is a final result output unit, and 17 is a final result feedback unit.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When driving the irradiation direction automatic design device of the floodlighting fixture of the floodlighting, first, the irradiation range and the geometric position of the floodlighting fixture group,
Also, the design target illumination specifications are input in the floodlight illumination design condition input unit 1. Next, based on the input data of the floodlight design condition input unit 1, the processing procedure selection unit a2 selects which of the floodlighting fixture group entire light distribution deriving units a to c 3 to 5 is to be performed. .

The entire light distribution derivation parts a to c of each floodlighting lighting device group
No. 3 to No. 5, regardless of which one is selected, first of all, a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the floodlighting lighting fixture group obtained by the floodlighting design condition input unit 1 is selected. Assuming that the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated area by the point light source is calculated. At this time, the virtual illuminance is calculated

[0040]

[Equation 1]

According to Here, θ is the incident angle on the irradiated surface, E is the virtual illuminance, I is the virtual luminous intensity, R is the distance between the light source and the irradiated point, and N is a parameter newly defined in this embodiment. Hereinafter, the N is defined as the N value. When the N value is a constant of 2, it is the inverse 2 of the distance that is generally used in lighting engineering.
Although this corresponds to the general formula of the physical law of light of power, in the present embodiment, since this N value is a newly set virtual variable, E is a virtual illuminance different from normal illuminance, and I is a normal luminosity. Is a virtual unit of different virtual luminosity.

2 to 5 show 50 as the irradiated area.
Ground of [m] corner, geometrical position of floodlighting fixture group is 25 at 10 [m] away from ground at one corner on diagonal line.
What kind of virtual illuminance distribution one floodlight fixture group shows when the height of [m] is input by the floodlight design condition input unit 1 in a sports stadium as a model case. Is shown for each change of N value. 2 to 5, 18 is a ground of 50 [m] square, and 19 is a floodlighting fixture. Each figure corresponds to N values of -2, 0, 2, and 4, respectively. When the N value is 2, the illuminance distribution is the same as under the normal physical law, and the virtual illuminance distribution is equal to the illuminance distribution. The distribution of dark virtual illuminance is self-generated, and as the N value becomes smaller, such as -4, the distribution of virtual illuminance that is dark near and bright at far is self-generated as the N value becomes smaller, contrary to the normal physical law. The value of this virtual illuminance is used as a function for each position, and in accordance with the processing procedure selected by the processing procedure selection means a2, the following floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving section a3 and floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution derivation are performed. The process of the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving unit, which is either the unit b4, the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving unit c5, or the floodlighting fixture group entire light distribution deriving unit d6, is performed.

Here, the entire light distribution derivation unit d
Is selected by the processing procedure selection means a2, the processes of the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit a3 and the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit c5 are performed, and two outputs of the results are output. It is supposed that they are combined at an arbitrary ratio by the entire light distribution and derivation unit d6.

Now, even if the target illumination specifications are given in any form, the target illumination specifications are expanded to 6-sided illuminance so that it can be dealt with. When calculating the virtual illuminance distribution, six-sided virtual illuminance corresponding to six-sided illuminance, which is the illuminance in six directions orthogonal to each other at each point, is calculated as necessary.

Here, the concept of six-sided illuminance will be described with reference to FIG. The six-sided illuminance is the illuminance in six directions that are orthogonal to each other, and the vertical illuminance in the four directions is defined as Ev1, Ev2 of 21, Ev2 of 22, Ev3 of 23, and Ev4 of 23, and the horizontal illuminance is Ehu of 24 and reverse. Direction horizontal illuminance is 25 Eh
Express as d. With the linear combination of the illuminances in the six directions, the spherical illuminance Es and the hemispherical illuminance Esc used to evaluate the appearance of the ball in the case of floodlighting in a sports arena,
Cylindrical surface illuminance Ec used to evaluate how people see
The semi-cylindrical surface illuminance Esy can be approximated.

The approximate expression

[0047]

[Equation 2]

[0048]

[Equation 3]

[0049]

[Equation 4]

[0050]

[Equation 5]

As shown in FIG.

Further, the vertical illuminance and the horizontal illuminance in four directions included in the six-sided illuminance are used.

[0053]

[Equation 6]

In G. R. The glare expressed by can be described, and if it is introduced into the condition of the limiting function of the six-sided illuminance, it is also possible to preconfigure the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group in consideration of the glare. Here, Ev is the illuminance of the vertical surface component of the six-sided illuminance, Eave is the average illuminance of Ehu at each point in the irradiation range, and δ is the main axis direction of the illuminance of the vertical surface component and the floodlight lighting device group. Each [deg].

In this case, however, the reflectance ρ of the ground, which is the illuminated area, must be added to the illumination specifications to be input in the projection illumination design condition input section 1. Further, this makes it possible to take into consideration the luminance of the ground and Ehd of the horizontal plane illuminance 25 in the opposite direction due to reflection from the ground and the reflection components of the vertical plane illuminance in four directions.

By calculating this for each point, it is possible to describe even the distribution of the illumination specifications within the illuminated area by the six-sided illuminance, and the target illumination specification is a linear combination of the six-sided illuminance. It can be developed as an equation.

Here, in any processing, the value of the virtual illuminance given by the hypothetical virtual point light source at the position of each floodlighting fixture group is used as a function for each position, and the illuminance is expanded to six sides by the ratio. The target lighting specifications are assigned as a share of each floodlighting fixture group,
Since the above processing uniquely determines how much the target lighting specifications are given from the position of which lighting equipment group, the total light distribution of the floodlighting lighting equipment group can also be uniquely backcalculated.

Therefore, the entire light distribution derivation unit a
When 3 is selected as the processing procedure, the virtual illuminance distribution is
N-value is calculated as 2, and floodlighting is performed as if the floodlighting fixture group at the geometrical position that gives the largest Ehu of 24 of the six-sided virtual illuminance for each position in the illuminated range gives the illumination specifications. Configure the light distribution for the entire fixture group.

As a result, regardless of the shape of the illuminated area covered by the floodlighting / illumination equipment group, the optimal division is automatically performed so that the Ehu of the illuminance 24 is most efficiently given.

Next, the entire light distribution derivation unit b
When 4 is selected as the processing procedure, the virtual illuminance distribution is
Calculation is performed by changing the N value from -4 to 4, and the target illumination specifications for each position of the illuminated range are divided by the ratio of the virtual illuminance for each floodlighting luminaire group and given. Configure the light distribution for the entire floodlighting fixture group.

As a result, at a certain point within the irradiated area,
As the N value decreases, the proportion of the illuminance that the distant lighting fixture group receives increases. In other words, a certain point within the illuminated area is illuminated by a group of illuminating luminaires that are farther away, and the incident angle of the illumination light becomes shallower.As a result, the vertical component of the six-sided illuminance increases, and Lighting design. On the contrary, as the N value increases, the proportion of the illuminance that a nearby floodlighting fixture group takes up increases. In other words, a certain point within the illuminated area is illuminated by a group of floodlighting luminaires that are closer, so the angle of incidence of the illumination light becomes deeper, resulting in an increase in the horizontal plane component of the six-sided illuminance, and a horizontal plane-oriented lighting design Becomes

Further, the entire light distribution and derivation unit c5
Is selected as the processing procedure, the virtual illuminance distribution is calculated under the physical law that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and the target illuminance at each position of the irradiation range is the objective function that is the target in the approximation. In the above, the virtual illuminance is set to a limit function that is a limit in approximation, the relative value of the virtual illuminance at a certain point obtained by a plurality of floodlighting lighting equipment groups is changed, and the target illuminance is set to the target illuminance at each position of the irradiation range. The light distribution of each of the floodlighting lighting equipment groups is configured to be close to each other.

As a result, how the illuminance at a certain point within the irradiation range is divided into each floodlighting lighting fixture group will be described with reference to an example.

FIG. 7 shows the result of calculation of a sample of the six-sided virtual illuminance within the illuminated range using a baseball field as a model case.
Here, the floodlighting lighting equipment group includes 26 floodlighting lighting equipment groups a and 2
Projection lighting equipment group b of 7 and projection lighting equipment group c of 29
6 groups of the floodlighting lighting equipment groups d, 30 of the floodlighting lighting equipment group e, and 31 of the floodlighting lighting equipment group f are assumed.

Further, (Table 1) shows details in which the virtual six-sided illuminance of the portion corresponding to the 32 pitcher mounds is divided according to how much each of the floodlight fixture groups provided.

[0066]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the ratio of the virtual six-sided illuminance given by one lighting equipment group is absolute as long as the geometric conditions of the ground of the model case and the mounting position of the floodlighting lighting equipment group do not change ( In Table 1), the variable condition that is the limiting condition when performing the matrix calculation, that is, the limiting function, is the mutual ratio from the floodlighting fixture group a of 26 to the floodlighting fixture group f of 31. It is only necessary to change the ratio and perform processing to bring the target value divided into the six-sided illuminance, that is, the illuminance value of the illumination specifications, which is the objective function, closer.

Assuming now that the target lighting specifications are uniform on a horizontal plane of 1000 [lx] in a baseball field as an example, in the case of sports lighting, Ehu: Ev1: Ev2: Ev3: Ev.
According to the theory that it is desirable that the ratio of 4 is 2: 1: 1: 1: 1 as the quality of illumination, the target illumination specifications are horizontal illumination, vertical illumination, spherical illumination, hemispherical illumination, cylindrical illumination. If any one of the illuminance and the semi-cylindrical surface illuminance is input, the target illumination specification can be described by the six-sided illuminance.

In this case, since the vertical illuminance in the four directions is automatically determined to be 500 [lx], the actual illuminance may be assigned to each lighting tower by utilizing the ratio of the virtual illuminance in (Table 1).

The ratio of the virtual illuminance (horizontal plane illuminance: vertical illuminance in two directions) is absolute unless the geometrical relationship between the illumination tower and the ground changes.

Here, the target horizontal illuminance of the 32 pitcher mounds is 1000 [lx], and the vertical illuminance is 500.
When [lx] is set, first, the horizontal plane illuminance is 1000 [l
x] is fixed preferentially, 0.295 is set to 1000, and the ratio of the virtual illuminance is used (for example, in the case of 26 Ehu of the floodlighting fixture group a, 0.295: 0.076 = 1000: X
Therefore, X = 258) and the illuminance is assigned. Furthermore, 23 Ev4s are allocated using this (for example, 2
0.07 for 23 Ev4s of the floodlighting fixture group a of 6
Since it is 6: 0.108 = 258: X, X = 367) and the result as shown in (Table 2) is obtained.

[0072]

[Table 2]

Further, the vertical illuminance of 500 [lx] is fixed preferentially, and 0.148, 0.242, 0.2 of (Table 2)
When 49 and 0.227 are set to 500 and the illuminance is assigned using the ratio of virtual illuminance, the result as shown in (Table 3) is obtained.

[0074]

[Table 3]

Here, in the case of 26 floodlighting fixture groups a, the ratio of the vertical illuminance in the two directions must be 0.108: 0.106, but the vertical illuminance in each of the four directions is 500 [l.
It can also be seen that this ratio must be 217: 233 in order to be [x].

In this embodiment,

[0077]

[Equation 7]

The equation of the six-sided illuminance of the target illuminance of is set to the objective function,

[0079]

[Equation 8]

[0080]

[Equation 9]

[0081]

[Equation 10]

[0082]

[Equation 11]

[0083]

[Equation 12]

The equation of the six-sided virtual illuminance is set as a limiting function, and the simplex method is used to solve the relative problem. At this time, Ehu, a Ehu, b Ehu, c
Ehu, d Ehu, e Ehu, f is the ratio of the illuminance given to Ehu at a certain point of the floodlighting fixture group abcdef, and Ev1, a Ev1, b Ev1, c Ev1, d
Ev1, e Ev1, f to Ev4, a Ev4, b
Ev4, c Ev4, dEv4, e Ev4, f are ratios of illuminance given to Ev1 to Ev4 in four directions at a certain point of the floodlighting fixture group abcdef.

Two solutions are considered as a dual problem. One is a solution that maximizes each vertical illuminance to 500 [lx], and the other is a solution that minimizes each vertical illuminance to 500 [lx]. Is.

A method of optimizing a solution by using a linear programming method (simplex method) will be described. The difference between the objective function and the limiting function expression of the conventional linear programming method (Brackett's method) is that the irradiation range is large. By using the simplex method to optimize the six-sided illuminance at a certain point, simplex tableau does not take the whole linear programming as in the traditional method, so that a large dimension becomes unnecessary. Is.

The solution of the problem of maximizing the 6-sided illuminance and the problem of minimizing the 6-sided illuminance (dual problem) so that the horizontal plane illuminance is 1000 [lx] and the vertical plane illuminance is 500 [lx] is shown in simplex tableau (Table 4), ( It shows in Table 5).

[0088]

[Table 4]

[0089]

[Table 5]

This value is the limit value at which the six-sided illuminance can be optimized under this geometric condition, and Ehu is 1000 [l
x] is added to the SS variable in (Table 4), that is, the deficit 342.2 [l for 1000 [lx].
x] can be further minimized as in (Table 6).

[0091]

[Table 6]

In this embodiment, the above process is used when replacing the virtual illuminance ratio with the actual illuminance division ratio. However, the process of replacing the virtual illuminance ratio with the actual illuminance division ratio according to the desired solution is as follows: Various variations may be provided depending on the desired lighting requirements. (At this time, if the inequalities are expanded to partial equalities, it is possible to give priority to the vertical illuminance to obtain the solution.) In addition, another example is given without using the simplex method. It is also possible to obtain an approximate solution using only a proportional function.

For example, by using the relationship between (Table 1) and (Table 2), it is assumed that, of the two vertical illuminances that one floodlighting fixture group influences, the one that largely affects the result is fixed. , 26 of the floodlighting luminaire group a, 2 of 22 Ev3
Considering 33 as a fixed value, Ehu of 24 and Ev4 of 23
Is calculated by the ratio of virtual illuminance, so Ehu: 233 =
From 0.076: 0.106, Ehu = 167,
From Ev4: 233 = 0.108: 0.106, Ev4
= 237.

The results of calculation for all of them are summarized in (Table 7).

[0095]

[Table 7]

Besides, 1 of the vertical illuminance opposite to 180 °
Alternatively, a method of fixing the two directions to the target 500 [lx] and changing the other is also possible, for example, Ev2 and 2 of 21.
When Ev4 of 3 is fixed, the result is as shown in (Table 8).

[0097]

[Table 8]

In Table 7, the total of Ehu of 24 is 668, which is multiplied by a coefficient so that the target illuminance becomes 1000 [lx] (in the case of this example, l. As shown in 5) and (Table 9), an approximate solution based only on the proportional relationship can be obtained. Even in the processing using the proportional relationship, it is possible to have various variations in accordance with the desired result, and it may be arbitrarily adapted according to the purpose.

[0099]

[Table 9]

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group guided by the processing of the whole floodlighting luminaire group light distribution deriving section d6 from the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving section a3. Show.

FIG. 8a shows the entire light distribution deriving portion a of the floodlighting luminaire group.
8b is a schematic view of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group obtained by Step 3 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 8b is the light projection obtained by the total light distribution deriving unit b4 of the floodlighting illuminator group and the light distribution deriving unit d6 of the entire floodlighting luminaire group. FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram of the light distribution of the entire lighting fixture group, and FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group obtained by the total light distribution lead-out unit c5.

In the case of FIG. 8A, the total light distribution of the floodlighting lighting equipment group is allocated to the one closest to the illuminated area and having the highest incidence efficiency, and the illuminance in the horizontal plane on the ground is satisfied with the least luminous flux. The solution is obtained. However, in this case, the incident angle of light on the ground becomes deep and the horizontal plane illuminance is satisfied, but the vertical plane illuminance on the ground cannot be satisfied, and sufficient illumination is not given laterally to the players on the ground. In this case, the cost-first lighting design is used.

In the case of FIG. 8C, the total light distribution of the floodlighting fixture group can be allocated so that both the horizontal plane illuminance and the vertical plane illuminance satisfy the target illuminance over the entire illuminated area. At this time, since the incident angle of light on the ground becomes shallow, the vertical plane illuminance is satisfied in addition to the horizontal plane illuminance, and a solution is obtained in which the hexahedral illuminance on the ground is sufficiently satisfied. In this case, the entire light distribution of the floodlighting lighting equipment group is in a form of overlapping on the entire ground of the illuminated area. In addition, the quality-first lighting design will provide sufficient lighting to players on the ground from any lateral direction. However, the beam utilization efficiency is not necessarily high, and more projectors are required.

In the case of FIG. 8b, the total light distribution of the floodlighting lighting equipment group is configured in an intermediate state between FIGS. 8a and 8c. In this case, the entire light distribution of the floodlighting luminaire group partially overlaps with the ground of the entire illuminated area. Then, as the value of N increases, the angle of incidence of light on the ground becomes closer to that of FIG. 8a, which is closer to the result of FIG. 8a, and as the value of N decreases, the angle of incidence of light on the ground becomes closer to that of FIG. 8c. Will become shallower.

Next, using the virtual illuminance distributions shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 as a function, a ground having a 50 [m] angle is used as the illuminated area, and the geometric positions of the floodlighting fixture group are 10 from the ground at the four corners on the diagonal. FIG. 9 shows a result in which the total light distribution of each lighting fixture group is back calculated with the height of 25 [m] apart from [m] as the model case of the sports stadium input by the floodlight design condition input unit 1. ~ 12. In each figure, N value is -2,0,
It corresponds to 2 and 4, respectively. As the N value decreases, the angle of the maximum altitude point of the light distribution of the floodlighting luminaire group becomes shallower.
It can be seen that as the value increases, the angle of the maximum altitude point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group becomes deeper.

If the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is approximated by an actual floodlighting luminaire by using the irradiation direction deciding unit 11 or the irradiation direction deciding unit 12 to be described later, the irradiation is performed. The directional design will be that shown in FIGS. In each figure, N values correspond to -2, 0, 2, and 4, respectively.

The smaller the N value, the farther the irradiation direction is from the projecting lighting fixture group as the starting point, and accordingly, the illuminance of the vertical surface component increases compared to the illuminance of the horizontal surface component of the six-sided illuminance in the irradiated area. , The smaller the N value, the closer the illuminating direction is from the starting floodlighting fixture group, and accordingly the illuminance of the horizontal plane component is higher than the illuminance of the vertical plane component of the six-sided illuminance in the illuminated range. .

[0108] The light distribution deriving part a for the entire group of floodlighting luminaires described in 3 above.
The result derived by the process of 1 is almost equivalent to the result of N value of 2, and the ratio of Ehu: Ev1: Ev2: Ev3: Ev4 is 5 by the process of the total light distribution deriving unit c of the floodlighting lighting device group of 5 above. 2:
The result derived by the relationship of 1: 1: 1: 1 shows that the N value is −
It is almost equivalent to the result of 4.

In other words, this makes it possible to design the lighting design from the cost-priority type to the quality-priority type in an arbitrary balance with only one new parameter, the N value.

Here, there is a case where the whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution deriving unit d of 6 is selected as the processing procedure. In this case, the above floodlighting fixture group whole light distribution deriving unit a of Since the light distributions of the entire floodlighting lighting device group guided by the processing of the floodlighting lighting device group overall light distribution deriving unit c of 5 are combined at an arbitrary ratio, the entire floodlighting lighting device group light distribution of 4 above. Similar to the case where the derivation unit b is selected, the floodlighting luminaires guided by the processing of the above-mentioned whole floodlighting fixture group light distribution deriving unit a and the above-mentioned floodlighting fixture group whole light distribution deriving unit c. The intermediate solution of the light distribution of the entire group can be obtained with an arbitrary balance.

Now, when it is determined which floodlighting luminaire group provides which illuminance in which direction of the illuminated area,
On the contrary, since the luminous intensity distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group can be back-calculated, the output of the overall light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting fixture group is output as the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group at the intermediate result output unit 7 It is possible.

At this point, it is possible to know how much six-sided illuminance distribution can be realized before approximating the light distribution of the entire floodlight lighting fixture group by the floodlight lighting fixture with the light distribution of each floodlight lighting fixture. From these, the approximation limits of various illuminance distributions of spherical illuminance, hemispherical illuminance, cylindrical illuminance, and semi-cylindrical illuminance using (Equation 2) to (Equation 5) are known. Also, it is possible to predict how much glare will occur by using (Equation 6).

The prediction based on the output result of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group of the intermediate result output unit 7 is based on pure illumination specifications regardless of what is used for the floodlighting luminaire. Therefore, it is possible to separate the mistake of selecting the floodlighting luminaire and the mistake of setting the illumination specifications, and the validity of the design can be verified here.

Next, receiving the output result of the intermediate result output unit 7,
Designed from the light distribution database of 9 by directly inputting the concrete light distribution data of the floodlighting fixture or by inputting the model number of the floodlighting fixture at the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit of 8. Enter the light distribution of the floodlight to be used.

When the floodlighting fixture to be used in the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit 8 is determined, the processing procedure selection unit b of 10 is selected.
Accordingly, in any one of the irradiation direction determination unit a of 11 and the irradiation direction determination unit b of 12, the light distribution of the floodlighting lighting device group is specifically approximated by the individual light distribution of the floodlighting lighting device. Is selected, and the irradiation direction determination unit detects the beam angle of the light distribution of the floodlight lighting device, which is input by the floodlight lighting device light distribution input unit, with respect to the illuminated surface at the center of the beam optical axis. When the incident angle of the beam is deep, the illumination device used emits a wide-angle light with a wide beam angle input from the light distribution input section, and the incident angle on the illuminated surface at the center of the beam optical axis is shallow. In this case, as the lighting device with a narrow-angle light distribution with a narrow beam angle input at the floodlighting device to be used is irradiated, Select whether or not to activate the function of setting the incident angle to the illuminated surface at a shallow angle.

When the above-mentioned function is selected, the use angle is set for each light distribution of the use floodlighting luminaire.

Here, FIG. 17 shows an output result when the function is selected in a lighting design example of a soccer field. FIG.
Is a diagram showing various conditions thereof. The solid line indicates the turning position of the narrow-angle floodlighting luminaire, the broken line indicates the turning position of the medium-angle floodlighting illuminator, and the alternate long and short dash line indicates the turning position of the wide-angle floodlighting illuminator. When the above-mentioned function is selected, a floodlighting fixture having a narrow-angle beam is selected as the irradiation angle becomes shallower, and thus the floodlighting fixture used has a small total luminous flux and good uniformity. Design becomes possible.

Next, FIGS. 19 to 21 show the relationship between the light distribution and the turning angle of the floodlighting luminaire. FIG. 19 shows the case of a wide-angle floodlight, FIG. 20 shows the case of a medium-angle floodlight, and FIG. 21 shows the case of a narrow-angle floodlight.

It can be seen from FIG. 19 that the wider the beam angle, such as the wide-angle type, the smaller the turning angle, the light does not reach the intended location, and the meaning of the floodlight is lost. Also, FIG.
It can be seen from 1 that unevenness in the illuminance distribution is likely to occur when an illumination device having a narrow beam angle such as a narrow angle type is used in a place where the turning angle is deep. Therefore, as described above, the use angle is set for each light distribution of the flood-lighting fixture used, so that the accuracy of approximation by the actual flood-lighting fixture can be improved.

Further, this set angle is variable according to the target illuminance. When the target illuminance is high, the range of using the floodlighting luminaire having a high central luminous intensity and a wide beam angle is widened, and when the target illuminance is low, The beam utilization rate can be further improved by expanding the range of use of the floodlighting illuminator having a low central luminous intensity and a wide beam angle.

When the irradiation direction determination unit a11 is selected, the irradiation direction determination unit uses the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting lighting device group, which is input by the use floodlighting lighting device light distribution input unit. After superimposing it on the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the flood light, the difference between the light distribution of the entire flood light fixture group and the light distribution of the used flood light is calculated. The calculated maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is superimposed on the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the used floodlighting luminaire again to calculate a difference. By repeating this process until the difference is minimized, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire.

When the irradiation direction determining unit b12 is selected, the floodlighting fixtures input by the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit to be used are illuminated in any number and in any direction. After obtaining the initial luminous intensity distribution that exceeds the luminous intensity distribution of the entire group, calculate the difference between the luminous intensity distribution of the entire floodlighting lighting fixture group and the illuminated surface due to the initial luminous intensity distribution, and irradiate in any number and in any direction. Then, among the floodlighting illuminators that make up the initial light distribution, the floodlighting illuminator that gives the largest difference is deleted, and the light distribution thus obtained is newly set as the initial light distribution. Again, the difference between the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group and the illuminated area due to the initial light distribution is calculated, and the floodlight that gives the largest difference among the floodlighting luminaires that constitute the initial light distribution. Erase the fixture. By repeating this process until the difference is minimized, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting luminaire. In this embodiment, the initial irradiation for giving the initial light distribution was given at equal intervals to the ground,
If there is a position where the accuracy of approximation to the target illuminance is desired to be increased, the irradiation interval at that position may be made closer.

In this processing, approximating the light distribution of the floodlighting luminaire group by the light distribution of each floodlighting illuminator is equivalent to determining the turning angle of each floodlighting illuminator. is there. Since the approximation result obtained by this is determined so that each of the floodlighting fixture groups approaches the divided target illumination specifications, the result of further combining the light distributions of the entire floodlighting fixtures After composition, it is determined whether the target illumination parameters are truly satisfied.

On the basis of the result of the judgment, the processing procedure selecting means c of 13 determines whether the secondary processing parts a of 14 and the secondary processing part b of 15 are activated or not. .

When the processing of the 14th secondary processing section a or the 15th secondary processing section b is selected, the difference between the combined result of the entire light distribution of the floodlighting luminaire group and the target illumination specification. However, at this time, if the calculation result of the irradiated area after performing the projection direction design of the floodlighting luminaire is excessively obtained from the target illumination specifications, the difference between the calculation result and the illumination specifications is calculated. Of which
The procedure of deleting the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire that gives the most excessive difference is repeated to minimize the difference from the illumination specifications of the illuminated range after the designing of the floodlighting illumination direction. The next processing unit a operates.

When the calculation result of the irradiation range after designing the irradiation direction of the floodlighting illuminating device is less than the target illumination specifications, the irradiation target after irradiating the irradiation direction of the floodlighting lighting device is designed. Of the differences between the illuminance distribution in the range and the lighting specifications, the process of adding the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire to the position of the irradiated range with the smallest difference is repeated, and the projection direction of the floodlighting illumination was designed. The 14 secondary processing units b that minimize the difference from the illumination specifications of the subsequent irradiation area are activated.

Thus, after the floodlight illumination direction design is back-calculated from the target lighting requirement for the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group, the light distribution of the whole floodlighting fixture group is performed by the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture. And the comparison of the light distribution of the entire group of individual floodlighting luminaires and the comparison of the lighting design results of the illuminated area and the lighting specifications, and then the design of the floodlighting lighting direction is further optimized. The flow of processing to be performed is completed.

The above-mentioned result is output by the 16 final result output section, and the general flow of the floodlighting design is completed. In addition to this, the output of the whole light distribution deriving section of the floodlighting luminaire group is outputted. In place of the above, by providing the final result feedback section of 17 for inputting the result in which the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire has already been determined to the processing procedure selection means b of 13, the result of the lighting design is utilized. Then, if you want to further increase the illuminance or if you want to further decrease the illuminance so that the input data from the new floodlight design condition input section 1 is satisfied, how to increase / decrease the above results? Can handle the question of whether or not to do it. In other words, in the same stadium, it is possible to meet the requirements of a lighting design that realizes different lighting scenes by turning on and off the floodlights using the same floodlights as much as possible in one lighting field. The lighting pattern of the floodlighting fixtures is used when there is a need to switch between high-level lighting during competition and low-level lighting during practice, or when soccer and athletics are played in the same sports facility. You can answer the desired design to switch the scenes under the control of.

Furthermore, even when the target illuminance is high in the infield and low in the outfield, such as in a baseball field, that is, when the illumination design is performed in which areas with different target illuminances are congested within the illuminated area, different target illuminances are set. Not only the geometrical addition of the lighting design result of the area to have (it is possible without using this feedback mechanism if geometrical addition of the result of lighting design in the infield and the result of lighting design in the outfield) Since the lighting design that uniformly gives the illuminance to the area is performed, and the process of increasing / decreasing the lighting from that state can be performed, the lighting design result does not have any trouble.

With the above configuration, the apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of the floodlight lighting fixture of floodlight is configured by the algorithm of the dynamic programming method, and the processing method can be changed to make the lighting design condition complicated. It is possible to provide an apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire that is practical and has a wide range of application.

In the above embodiment, each means is realized by software using a computer, but it may be realized by using a dedicated hardware circuit having each of these functions.

[0132]

As is apparent from the above description,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide an apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, which is practical and has a wide range of application, even for complicated lighting design conditions.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a virtual illuminance distribution diagram in the case of N = -2 in the example.

FIG. 3 is a virtual illuminance distribution diagram in the case of N = 0 in the example.

FIG. 4 is a virtual illuminance distribution diagram when N = 2 in the example.

FIG. 5 is a virtual illuminance distribution diagram when N = 4 in the example.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a concept of six-sided illuminance.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a result of calculating a sample of six-sided virtual illuminance within an illuminated range in a baseball field as a model case.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a result of back calculation of the total light distribution of each lighting fixture group of N = −2.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a result of back calculation of the total light distribution of each lighting fixture group with N = 0.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a result of back calculation of the total light distribution of each lighting fixture group with N = 2.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a result of back calculation of the total light distribution of each lighting fixture group of N = 4.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a result of irradiation direction design for N = −2.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a result of irradiation direction design of N = 0.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a result of irradiation direction design for N = 2.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a result of irradiation direction design for N = 4.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing output results when the function of claim 9 is selected and when it is not selected.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing various conditions of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light distribution and the turning angle of the wide-angle floodlighting illuminator.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light distribution and the turning angle of the medium-angle type floodlighting luminaire.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light distribution and the turning angle of the narrow-angle floodlight lighting fixture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Projection lighting design condition input section 2 Processing procedure selection means a 3 Projection lighting equipment group whole light distribution deriving section a 4 Projection lighting equipment group whole light distribution deriving section b 5 Projection lighting equipment group whole light distribution deriving section c 6 Projection lighting equipment group whole light distribution derivation unit d 7 Intermediate result output unit 8 Projection lighting equipment light distribution input unit 9 Projection lighting equipment light distribution database 10 Processing procedure selection means b 11 Irradiation direction determination unit a 12 Irradiation direction determination Part b 13 Processing procedure selection means c 14 Secondary processing part a 15 Secondary processing part b 16 Final result output part 17 Final result feedback part 18 Ground of 50 [m] angle 19 Floodlight luminaire 20 Ev1 21 Ev2 22 Ev3 23 Ev4 24 Ehu 25 Ehd 26 Floodlight fixture group a 27 Floodlight fixture group b 28 Floodlight fixture group c 29 Floodlight fixture group d 30 Floodlight fixture group e 31 Floodlight illuminator Equipment group f 32 Pitcher mound virtual six-sided illuminance

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A range to be illuminated and a geometric position of a group of floodlighting luminaires,
And a projection lighting design condition input section for inputting design target lighting specifications, and a perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the projection lighting fixture group input by the projection lighting design condition input section Assuming that the point light source is a point light source, and the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source as a function, the total light distribution of the floodlight lighting equipment group that back-calculates the light distribution of the entire floodlight lighting equipment group that satisfies the illumination specifications A derivation unit, a floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit for inputting the light distribution of the floodlighting fixture to be used, and an output of the floodlighting fixture group entire light distribution derivation unit is used for the floodlighting fixture distribution. Equipped with an irradiation direction determination unit that approximates the light distribution of each of the floodlighting fixtures input by the light input unit. After calculating the input lighting specifications, An apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, wherein processing for approximating the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is performed by light distribution of each luminaire. 2. The whole light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting lighting fixture group is assumed to be a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the floodlighting lighting fixture group input to the floodlighting lighting design condition input unit. Then, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is calculated under the physical law that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and the virtual illuminance is calculated to be the best for each position in the illuminated range. 2. The projection lighting equipment irradiation according to claim 1, wherein the projection lighting equipment group having a large number of geometrical positions has a processing procedure for configuring the light distribution of the entire projection lighting equipment group so as to provide the illumination specifications. Direction automatic design device. 3. The total light distribution deriving unit of the floodlighting fixture group is assumed to be a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the floodlighting fixture group input to the floodlighting design condition input unit. Then, the virtual illuminance distribution given to the irradiated area by the point light source is calculated by changing the square of the physical law that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from −4 to 4
There is a processing procedure for configuring the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group so that the target illumination specifications for each position in the illuminated range are divided and given to each floodlighting luminaire group at the ratio of the virtual illuminance. 2. The apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire according to claim 1. 4. The luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit assumes a point source of perfect spherical light distribution having virtual luminosity at the geometric position of the illuminating lighting fixture group input to the illuminating lighting design condition input unit, The virtual illuminance distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source is calculated under the physical law that the illuminance is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and the target illumination specifications for each position of the illuminated range are used as the objective function. 2. The apparatus for automatically designing the irradiation direction of floodlighting equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a processing procedure for setting the virtual illuminance to a limiting function and configuring light distribution for each floodlighting equipment group. 5. The floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit comprises the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit according to claim 2 and the floodlighting luminaire group overall light distribution deriving unit according to claim 4. At the same time, the result of combining the light distributions of the entire floodlighting lighting fixture groups of the two floodlighting lighting fixtures group total light distribution deriving units at a desired ratio is configured as the final light distribution of the floodlighting lighting fixture group. The floodlight fixture irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a processing procedure. 6. A floodlighting apparatus group having an intermediate result output section for outputting an intermediate result obtained by a light distribution deriving section as a whole, wherein the floodlighting apparatus is used when automatically designing an irradiation direction of the floodlighting apparatus. 6. The projection direction lighting device irradiation direction automatic designing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the intermediate result obtained by the entire light distribution and deriving unit of the device group can be output on the way. 7. The irradiation direction determining unit is arranged such that, at the position of the maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group obtained by the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving unit, the used floodlighting fixture distribution is set. The maximum luminous intensity points of the light distribution of the flood-lighting luminaire used, which are input by the light input unit, are overlapped, and this is used as the initial light distribution, and the lighting result obtained by the light distribution of the entire flood-lighting luminaire group and the initial light distribution. The maximum luminous intensity point of the light distribution of the used floodlighting luminaire input again at the position of the used floodlighting luminaire light distribution input unit is superimposed on the position where the difference with the illumination result obtained by the light distribution is given most,
By repeating the procedure of setting this as a new initial light distribution until the difference is minimized, the light distribution of the entire floodlight lighting fixture group is approximated by the light distribution of each floodlight lighting fixture. The floodlighting fixture irradiation direction automatic designing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The irradiation direction determining unit irradiates the floodlighting illuminator in any number and in any direction, which is input by the use floodlighting illuminator light distribution input unit, and irradiates the entire floodlighting illuminator. After obtaining an initial luminous intensity distribution exceeding the luminous intensity distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group obtained in the section, the difference between the luminous intensity distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group and the illumination result of the illuminated range by the initial luminous intensity distribution. Of the floodlighting illuminators forming the initial light distribution, the floodlighting luminaire having the largest difference is deleted, and the light distribution thus obtained is set as a new initial light distribution, A floodlight that gives the largest difference among the floodlights that form the initial light distribution by calculating the difference between the light distribution of the entire lighting fixture group and the illumination result of the irradiation range by the new initial light distribution. By repeating the procedure of deleting the fixtures until the difference is minimized, Light distribution of the body,
The illumination direction automatic designing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light distribution of each of the floodlighting luminaires is approximated. 9. An irradiation direction determining unit detects a beam angle of the light distribution of the floodlighting illuminator, which is input by a light-projecting illuminator light distribution input unit to be used, with respect to an irradiation range at the center of the beam optical axis. When the angle of incidence of the beam is deep, the lighting device with wide-angle light distribution with a wide beam angle input from the used floodlight lighting device light distribution input section irradiates the incident angle with respect to the irradiation range at the center of the beam optical axis. When the lighting angle of the narrow-angle light distribution with a narrow beam angle input at the light distribution input part of the flood-lighting device to be used is radiated, the beam optical axis becomes narrower as the beam angle of the flood-lighting device to be used becomes narrower. 9. The projection direction lighting equipment irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a processing procedure for setting a shallow incident angle with respect to a central irradiation area. 10. An output from an irradiation direction determining unit which is approximated by the light distribution of each of the floodlighting fixtures input by the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit is used. The lighting result of the irradiation range after the combination is calculated and the irradiation result of the irradiation range after the projection direction of the projection lighting fixture is designed is calculated. Among the differences, the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire that gives the most excessive difference is deleted, and the difference between the illumination result of the irradiation range and the illumination specifications after designing the irradiation direction is minimized. , Having a secondary processing unit, after the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group is back-calculated from the target lighting requirement, the light distribution of the entire floodlighting fixture group is approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture, and , Comparison of illumination results and illumination specifications of the illuminated area after synthesizing approximate results of light distribution of individual floodlighting fixture groups Floodlight fixtures irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that further optimize the floodlights radiation direction designed from sense. 11. An output from an irradiation direction determining unit that approximates the light distribution of each of the floodlighting fixtures input by the floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit is used. The lighting result of the irradiation range after the combination is calculated and the irradiation result of the irradiation range after the projection direction of the projection lighting fixture is designed is calculated. Of the differences, the irradiation direction of the floodlighting luminaire is added to the position of the irradiation range where the difference is the smallest and the lighting result and the lighting specifications of the irradiation range after the projection lighting irradiation direction design are performed. A secondary processing unit that minimizes the difference is provided, and the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is calculated back from the target lighting requirement, and then the light distribution of the entire floodlighting luminaire group is performed by the individual light distribution of the floodlighting luminaire. And then combine the approximate results of the light distributions of the individual floodlighting fixture groups, and then combine the illumination results in the illuminated area. A floodlight fixture irradiation direction automatic designing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that further optimize the floodlights radiation direction designed from the lighting specifications of comparison processing. 12. A projection lighting design condition input section for inputting an irradiation range, a geometrical position of a projection lighting equipment group, and design target proof specifications, and a projection input by the projection lighting design condition input section. Assuming a point light source of perfect spherical light distribution having a virtual luminous intensity at the geometric position of the light lighting equipment group, and a virtual illumination distribution given to the illuminated range by the point light source as a function, a floodlight lighting equipment satisfying the illumination specifications. The light distribution deriving unit according to any one of claims 2 to 5 for calculating the light distribution of the entire group, the intermediate result output unit according to claim 6, and the used light projection according to claim 1. The lighting fixture light distribution input unit and the output of the entire floodlighting fixture group light distribution derivation unit are approximated by the light distribution of each floodlighting fixture input through the use floodlighting fixture light distribution input unit. 9. The irradiation direction determination unit according to any one of 9 and The secondary processing unit according to claim 10 or 11, which further optimizes the projection illumination irradiation direction design based on a process of comparing the illuminance distribution in the irradiation range and the illumination specifications after combining the approximate results of light. Item 2-5 Which processing is performed by the floodlighting fixture group overall light distribution deriving unit, and which processing is performed by the irradiation direction determination unit according to Claim 7 or 8. The processing procedure selection means, and the processing procedure selection means for determining whether or not to perform the processing of the irradiation direction determination unit according to claim 9 in addition to the processing of the irradiation direction determination unit selected by the selection means. An apparatus for automatically designing an irradiation direction of a floodlighting luminaire, which is capable of varying a processing procedure, comprising: a processing procedure selection unit that determines which processing of the secondary processing unit described above is to be performed. 13. A means for inputting to the irradiation direction determination section the result of the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture being already determined,
13. The result that the irradiation direction of the floodlighting fixture has already been determined is reprocessed as long as the floodlighting design condition newly input by the floodlighting design condition input unit is satisfied. Flood lighting equipment irradiation direction automatic design device.