JPH0717449Y2 - Waste plastic processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to a waste plastic processing apparatus for heating and melting waste plastic and cooling and solidifying it, and particularly to an apparatus suitable for processing waste expanded polystyrene. .

[Conventional technology]

A known waste plastic processing apparatus of this type is a charging gutter for charging a waste plastic piece, a downwardly reducing funnel-shaped melting furnace arranged below the charging gutter, and hot air to the melting furnace. It is provided with a hot air generator for supplying and a container for receiving molten waste plastic, which is arranged below the melting furnace. The waste plastic charged from the charging trough into the melting furnace is heated and melted by the hot air supplied from the hot air generator into the funnel-shaped melting furnace, and falls into the container.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

In the case of this conventional waste plastic processing equipment, the rising hot air also enters the throwing gutter, so small waste plastic pieces that descend in the throwing gutter melt and collect in the throwing gutter, and the waste plastic pieces are thrown in. It has the drawback of becoming difficult.

The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to prevent melting of waste plastic pieces in a throwing gutter and enable smooth throwing of waste plastic pieces. It is to provide a processing device for plastics.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve this purpose, a throw-in gutter for throwing in waste plastic pieces, a funnel-shaped melting furnace arranged below the throw-in gutter and contracting downward, and hot air for supplying hot air to the melter. The waste plastic processing device according to the present invention, which comprises a generator and a container for receiving molten waste plastic, which is arranged below the melting furnace, has a relief part for letting the hot air entering the input gutter to the outside of the input gutter. Is formed in the input gutter.

[Action]

In the case of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention, the hot air that has risen from the melting furnace and has entered the input trough escapes from the escape portions (for example, notches or nets) formed in the input trough to the outside.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the waste plastic processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention substantially comprises a crusher 1, a melter 2 and a hot air generator 3.

The crusher 1 has a container 4 whose upper side is open, and inside the container 4, a cutter composed of a rotary blade 5 and a fixed blade 6 is arranged. The rotary blade 5 is fixed to a horizontal shaft 8 which is rotatably driven by a motor 7 and which is supported on the side wall of the container 4. Four rotary blades 5 are provided in each vertical plane (see FIG. 2), and a large number of rotary blades 5 are arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 8. A fixed blade 6 is horizontally fixed to the side wall of the container 4 below the shaft 8 and in parallel with the shaft 8. The fixed blade 6 has a notch at a position corresponding to the rotary blade 5. Therefore, the rotary blade 5 passes through this notch during rotation, and cuts the waste plastic with the fixed blade 6. The width of the notch is slightly larger than the width of the rotary blade 5.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom region 4a of the container 4 is inclined inward, and a horizontal feed screw conveyor 9 is horizontally arranged at the bottom thereof. This lateral feed screw conveyor 9 is a motor
The waste plastic rotatably driven by 10 and crushed by the cutters 5 and 6 is conveyed toward the outlet 11 of the container 4. This exit 11 has a vertical feed screw conveyor device 12
The vertical cylindrical body 13 of is connected. The vertical feed screw conveyor 14 of the vertical feed screw conveyor device 12 has a motor 15
Is driven to rotate in the vertical cylindrical body 13 to convey the waste plastic upward. Vertical feed screw conveyor device 12
The waste plastic conveyed to the upper end of is melted into the melting machine 2 through a charging gutter 16 which is connected to the upper end of the vertical cylindrical body 13 and is inclined downward.

At least the upper wall portion of the input gutter 16 is notched as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in order to release the hot air that has entered the input gutter 16 from the melting machine 2 to the outside. It is not necessary to form the notch (relief portion) 16a in the upper wall portion over the entire length of the throwing gutter 16, but it is sufficient to form it in a part of the length thereof, particularly in the range on the outlet side thereof. In addition to the upper wall portion of the throwing trough 16, the side wall portion thereof may be cut out. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the notch of the input gutter 16 may be covered with a net or a perforated plate 16b.

The melting machine 2 is substantially composed of a supply section 17, a melting section 18 and a cooling section.
It consists of 19. The horizontal walls of the outer walls 17a, 18a, 19a of the supply unit 17, the melting unit 18, and the cooling unit 19 are quadrangular in the embodiment, but may be circular. Outer walls 17a, 18a,
For 19a, by tightening the flange with a bolt,
Fixed to each other.

As described above, the melting machine 2 is provided with the supplying unit 17, the melting unit 18, and the cooling unit 19.
Since it is divided into two parts and bolted to each other, the supply part 17, the melting part 18 and the cooling part 19 can be attached to each other in arbitrary directions. That is, the supply unit 17, the melting unit 18, and the cooling unit 19 can be relatively rotated around the longitudinal center axis of the melting machine 2 and attached in any direction (outer wall).
If the horizontal cross section of 17a, 18a, 19a is square, install 9
It can be offset by 0 °, 180 ° if it is rectangular, and by a predetermined angle depending on the bolt spacing if it is circular).

The supply unit 17 has a function of charging and preheating waste plastic and discharging exhaust gas. Therefore, the supply unit 17 has an opening (a waste plastic input port) for inserting the input gutter 16 described above.
It has a preheat chamber 21, a central preheating chamber 21, and an exhaust chamber 23 connected to an exhaust blower 22. The waste plastic input port 20 is formed in a diagonally formed wall portion of the outer wall 17a.
The exhaust chamber 23 is formed by an inner surface of the outer wall 17a, a vertical plate 23a attached to the inner surface, and a plate 23b extending obliquely upward.

A melting section 18 is provided below the supply section 17. The melting section 18 is equipped with a funnel-shaped melting furnace 24 that shrinks downward in order to melt the waste plastic and reduce its volume.
A large number of hot air inlets 25 are formed in the melting furnace 24. Regarding the width of each of the hot air inlets 25, the hot air inlet on the upper side is wide and the width is narrower toward the lower side. Each hot air inlet
Immediately above 25, a hot air inlet cover plate 26 is formed so as to form an acute angle with the inner surface of the melting furnace 24.

A hot air retention chamber 27 is formed between the melting furnace 23 and the outer wall 18a, and this hot air retention chamber is connected to the hot air generator 3 via a connection pipe 28. The hot air generator 3 includes a burner 29 and a blower 30.

The hot air generated by the hot air generator 3 is connected pipe 28, hot air retention chamber 27
And it is introduced into the funnel-shaped melting furnace 24 through the hot air inlet 25.

At the lower outlet of the melting furnace 24, a rod-shaped stopper 31 for receiving the unmelted waste plastic pieces so as not to drop is attached by welding or the like. As shown in FIG. 6, this stopper 31 extends inward and downward from the lower end of the melting furnace 24. The stopper 31 also has a movement to drop a label (paper), a gum tape, etc. attached to the Styrofoam product (box). Therefore, the label or the gum tape does not block the outlet of the melting furnace 24.

Below the melting part 18, a cooling part 19 for cooling and solidifying the melted waste plastic is provided. The cooling unit 19 is provided with a container 32 for receiving the waste plastic melted and dropped in the melting unit 18, and a container loading / unloading door 33 for removing the container (shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1). There is.

As shown in FIG. 7, the container 32 is mounted on a mounting plate 35 supported by a plurality of springs 34. A limit switch 36 is provided on the lower side of the mounting plate 35, and the limit switch is connected to an alarm buzzer, an alarm light and the like (not shown). As the molten waste plastic collects in container 32, spring 34
Is compressed and a predetermined amount (eg 200 kg) is accumulated, the mounting plate 3
The lower surface of 5 contacts the limit switch 36 to operate the limit switch 36. This activates an alarm buzzer, alarm light, etc. to notify the operator that the container 32 is full of molten waste plastic. The limit switch 36, the spring 34 and the mounting plate 35 constitute weight detecting means, and the alarm buzzer, alarm light and the like constitute notifying means.

Next, a method of using the waste plastic processing apparatus having the above structure will be described. First, waste plastic P such as Styrofoam, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, etc. is put into the container 4 of the crusher 1, and the rotary blade 5 and the fixing 6 are fixed.
Crush by. The roughly crushed waste plastic pieces fall to the bottom of the container 4, and are conveyed by the horizontal feed screw conveyor 9 through the outlet 11 to the vertical feed screw conveyor device 12. The waste plastic pieces are further conveyed upward by the vertical feed screw conveyor device 12 and introduced into the melting machine 2 through the introduction gutter 16.

At that time, even if hot air enters the input gutter 16 from the melting machine 2,
Since it easily escapes to the outside through the escape portions 16a and 16b (see FIGS. 3 to 5) formed in the input trough 16, the small waste plastic pieces descending in the input trough 16 are not melted by the hot air. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, the molten material of the waste plastic pieces does not collect in the input gutter 16 and block the input gutter 16.

Waste plastic pieces are deposited in the melting machine 2 and supplied to the supply section 17
Is preheated inside, and hot air is generated in the melting section 18 (the temperature of this hot air is about 8% if the waste plastic is Styrofoam).
It is 300 ° C. Decomposes and gives off a foul odor above 320 ° C. Or it ignites at about 500 ° C) and is melted by heating. At that time, the hot air reaches the inside of the melting furnace 24 from the hot air generator 3 through the connecting pipe 28, the hot air retention chamber 27 and the hot air inlet 25.
Therefore, the waste plastic pieces are subjected to the heating action by the hot air and the heating action by the heat transmitted from the hot air retention chamber 27 through the wall of the melting furnace 24. The rising hot air is exhaust blower.
It is discharged from the upper exhaust chamber 23 by 22.

Molten waste plastic passes through stopper 31 and container 32
To fall. Since the unmelted waste plastic piece is received by the stopper 31, it does not fall until it melts. Therefore, the waste plastic pieces are sufficiently melted and reduced in volume. Since the label (paper), gum tape, etc. attached to the Styrofoam product (box) fall through the stopper 31, the outlet of the melting furnace 24 is not blocked.

When the container 32 is full of falling molten waste plastic,
Its weight compresses the spring 34, which causes the limit switch
36 works. An alarm buzzer, an alarm light, etc. connected to the limit switch 36 allows the operator to know that the container 32 has been filled with the molten glass plastic, and the container 32 is taken out from the container inlet / outlet door 33, and the empty container 32 Exchange.
The container 32 taken out is left for a predetermined time, and the molten glass plastic is solidified by natural cooling.

The volume of the waste plastic is reduced to about 1/10 by the above melting and cooling and solidification.

[Effect of device]

As described above, in the case of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention, even if the hot air rising from the melting furnace enters the throwing gutter, it escapes to the outside from the escape portion (for example, notch or net) formed in the throwing gutter. Therefore, the waste plastic pieces in the input gutter will not melt. Therefore, the waste plastic pieces can be smoothly introduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a waste plastic processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a crusher II- shown in FIG.
A sectional view taken along line II, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the throwing gutter shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the throwing gutter, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a modification of the throwing gutter, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a view of the stopper shown in FIG. 1 as seen from above, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of the container shown in FIG. 1 ... Crusher, 2 ... Melting machine, 3 ... Hot air generator, 4 ...
… Vessel of coarse crusher, 4a …… Bottom area of vessel 4, 5 …… Rotating blade, 6 …… Fixed blade, 7 …… Motor, 8 …… Axis, 9 …… Side feed screw conveyor, 10 …… Motor, 11 …… Exit,
12 …… Vertical feed screw conveyor device, 13 …… Vertical cylinder, 14 …… Vertical feed screw conveyor device, 15 …… Motor, 16 …… Injection gutter, 16a, 16b …… Escape part, 17 …… Supply part, 17a ... Outer wall of supply part, 18 ... Melting part, 18a ... Outer wall of melting part, 19 ... Cooling part, 19a ... Outer wall of cooling part, 20 ...
… Waste plastic input port, 21 …… Preheating chamber, 22 …… Exhaust blower, 23 …… Exhaust chamber, 23a …… Vertical plate of exhaust chamber, 23b…
… Diagonal plate of exhaust chamber, 24 …… Melting furnace, 25 …… Hot air inlet, 26 …… Hot air inlet cover plate, 27 …… Hot air retention chamber, 28…
… Connection pipe, 29 …… Burner, 30 …… Blower, 31,31A, 31B, 3
1C ... Stopper, 32 ... Container, 33 ... Container access door, 34 ... Spring, 35 ... Mounting plate, 36 ... Limit switch, P ... Waste plastic

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A throw-in gutter for throwing in waste plastic pieces, a funnel-shaped melting furnace arranged below the throw-in gutter and shrinking downward, and a hot air generator for supplying hot air to the melting furnace. In the waste plastic processing device, which is provided below the melting furnace and has a container for receiving the molten waste plastic, an escape section is formed in the injection trough for letting the hot air that has entered the injection trough to the outside of the injection trough. Waste plastic processing equipment characterized by