JPH07173299A - Molding material for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molding - Google Patents
Molding material for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin moldingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07173299A JPH07173299A JP5322027A JP32202793A JPH07173299A JP H07173299 A JPH07173299 A JP H07173299A JP 5322027 A JP5322027 A JP 5322027A JP 32202793 A JP32202793 A JP 32202793A JP H07173299 A JPH07173299 A JP H07173299A
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- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- fiber
- molding
- matrix
- molding material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、強化複合材料の成形品
において、力学的に優れた強化効果をとることが可能な
成形品を得るための含浸性と賦形性に優れた成形材料に
関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a molding material of a reinforced composite material, which is excellent in impregnation property and shapeability for obtaining a molding product capable of mechanically excellent reinforcing effect. It is a thing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】繊維強化複合材料（以下、ＦＲＰと称
す）とはガラス繊維、炭素繊維などの無機繊維、アラミ
ド繊維、ポリエチレン繊維などの有機繊維、更に、ボロ
ン繊維に代表される金属繊維などの強化繊維と、マトリ
ックスとしてエポキシ、不飽和ポリエステルなどの熱硬
化性樹脂やポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミ
ド、ポリエ−テルエ−テルケトンなどの熱可塑性樹脂か
ら成るものである。このＦＲＰは強化繊維の配置によっ
て、強度、剛性などの力学的物性を自由に発現させるこ
とが可能である、即ち、設計の自由度が極めて高いこ
と、更に、軽量かつ高強度、高弾性に優れていることか
ら、航空宇宙産業から建築、スポ−ツ用品など幅広い分
野において利用されている。2. Description of the Related Art Fiber-reinforced composite materials (hereinafter referred to as FRP) include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers, organic fibers such as aramid fibers and polyethylene fibers, and metal fibers such as boron fibers. It comprises a reinforcing fiber and a thermosetting resin such as epoxy or unsaturated polyester as a matrix, or a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, or polyether ether ketone. By arranging the reinforcing fibers, this FRP can freely express mechanical properties such as strength and rigidity, that is, it has extremely high degree of freedom in design, and is also lightweight and has high strength and high elasticity. Therefore, it is used in a wide range of fields from the aerospace industry to construction and sports equipment.
【０００３】上記のＦＲＰの中で、マトリックス樹脂が
熱可塑性樹脂からなるもの（以下、ＦＲＴＰと称す）の
開発が、近年、盛んに行われている。その理由として、
このＦＲＴＰは、これまで主に開発されてきたマトリッ
クス樹脂が熱硬化性のものと比較し、材料の保存が容易
なこと、成形の時の作業環境が良好なことなどが挙げら
れる。Among the above-mentioned FRPs, those in which the matrix resin is made of a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter referred to as FRTP) have been actively developed in recent years. The reason is
This FRTP has the advantages that the matrix resin that has been mainly developed so far is easier to store the material and that the working environment at the time of molding is better than the thermosetting ones.
【０００４】このＦＲＴＰの成形品を構成する強化繊維
の形態は、大凡、次の二種類に分けることができる。ま
ず、長さが約２５ｍｍ以下の強化繊維がＦＲＴＰの中に
存在する形態をとる短繊維強化がある。一方、連続した
強化繊維がＦＲＴＰの中に存在する形態をとる連続繊維
強化もある。短繊維強化の場合、一般に成形品は射出成
形品などにみられる強化形態であり、寸法安定性などに
優れた成形品を得ることができる。しかし、強化繊維が
短いこと、強化繊維の方向の制御が困難なことなどの理
由から、設計の自由度、強度、剛性などの力学的物性に
限界がある。連続繊維強化の場合、一般に成形品は、プ
レス成形品、スタンピング成形品などにみられる強化形
態である。これは、短繊維強化と比較して、強化繊維が
長いことから、設計の自由度、強度、剛性などの力学的
特性に優れた成形品を得ることが可能である。The form of the reinforcing fiber forming the FRTP molded product can be roughly classified into the following two types. First, there is short fiber reinforcement in which reinforcing fibers having a length of about 25 mm or less are present in FRTP. On the other hand, there is continuous fiber reinforcement in which continuous reinforcing fibers are present in FRTP. In the case of short fiber reinforced, a molded product is generally a reinforced form found in injection molded products and the like, and a molded product excellent in dimensional stability and the like can be obtained. However, because of the short length of the reinforcing fibers and the difficulty in controlling the direction of the reinforcing fibers, there are limits to mechanical properties such as design flexibility, strength, and rigidity. In the case of continuous fiber reinforcement, the molded product is generally the reinforced form found in press molded products, stamping molded products and the like. This is because it is possible to obtain a molded product excellent in mechanical characteristics such as freedom of design, strength and rigidity, because the reinforcing fiber is longer than that of short fiber reinforcement.
【０００５】このような連続繊維強化の形態をしたＦＲ
ＴＰの成形材料は種々の状態で存在し、これを成形方法
によって分類すると大きく、二つに分けることがきる。
まず、強化繊維に、予めマトリクスである熱可塑性樹脂
を繊維状や布帛状にして混繊、積層させたり、粉末状に
して担持させたり、または、樹脂状にして含浸させ、糸
状やテ−プ状やシ−ト状にした成形材料（以下、プリプ
レグと称する）として提供されるものと強化繊維そのも
のを布帛等の状態で供給して、成形の時に熱可塑性樹脂
を強化繊維に含浸させるような成形材料（以下、ノンプ
リプレグと称す）がある。FR in the form of such continuous fiber reinforcement
There are various molding materials for TP, which can be roughly classified into two according to the molding method.
First, the reinforcing fiber is preliminarily mixed with a thermoplastic resin which is a matrix in the form of fiber or cloth, and mixed, laminated, powdered or supported, or impregnated into resin to impregnate it into a thread or tape. To be supplied as a molding material in the form of a sheet or a sheet (hereinafter referred to as a prepreg) and the reinforcing fiber itself in the form of a cloth or the like, and to impregnate the reinforcing fiber with the thermoplastic resin at the time of molding. There is a molding material (hereinafter referred to as a non-prepreg).
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ＦＲＴＰで、形態が連
続繊維強化の成形品は、次のような問題点を有してい
る。例えば、強化繊維を織物にしたものを積層した成形
品の場合、層と層の間はマトリックスのみなので、強度
（以下、層間強度と称す）が小さくなると言う問題点が
ある。また、振動には、強化繊維が連続しているので、
そのまま伝播し、振動吸収性が充分に得られないと言う
問題点もある。The FRTP-shaped, continuous fiber-reinforced molded article has the following problems. For example, in the case of a molded article in which woven fabrics of reinforcing fibers are laminated, there is a problem that the strength (hereinafter referred to as the interlaminar strength) becomes small because there is only a matrix between the layers. In addition, since the reinforcing fibers are continuous in the vibration,
There is also a problem in that it propagates as it is, and sufficient vibration absorption cannot be obtained.
【０００７】成形材料についても、次のような問題点を
有している。まず、ノンプリプレグでは、マトリックス
樹脂を強化繊維に含浸させるため、１５０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ
2 くらいの高い成形圧力が必要であり、成形設備が大が
かりになるので、成形コストが高くなると言う問題点が
ある。これは、強化繊維の束をジェット水流などで、開
繊させることである程度の改善は認められるが、大凡１
００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 の成形圧力が必要であり、充分な改
善には至らない。The molding material also has the following problems. First, in the non-prepreg, 150 kgf / cm is required for impregnating the reinforcing resin with the matrix resin.
Since a high molding pressure of about 2 is required and the molding equipment becomes large, there is a problem that the molding cost becomes high. This can be improved to some extent by opening the bundle of reinforcing fibers with a jet water stream, etc.
A molding pressure of 00 kgf / cm 2 is required, and a sufficient improvement cannot be achieved.
【０００８】プリプレグでも、マトリックスの熱可塑性
樹脂を繊維状や布帛状にして、混織や積層させたもの
も、ノンプリプレグ程ではないが、強化繊維に含浸させ
るために高い成形圧力を必要とし、ノンプリプレグと同
様の問題点がある。また、予めマトリックス樹脂を強化
繊維に含浸させているものは、高い成形圧力を必要とし
ないが、既に、マトリックス樹脂が含浸しているために
成形材料が剛直であり、金型との馴染み性が悪いと言う
問題点がある。Even in the case of prepreg, the thermoplastic resin of the matrix is made into a fibrous shape or a cloth shape and mixed and woven, but not so high as a non-prepreg, but a high molding pressure is required for impregnating the reinforcing fiber, It has the same problem as non-prepreg. Further, the one in which the matrix resin is impregnated in advance with the reinforcing fiber does not require a high molding pressure, but since the matrix resin is already impregnated, the molding material is rigid and the compatibility with the mold is low. There is a problem called bad.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、強化複合材料
の成形品において、優れた力学的物性を得ることが可能
な成形品を得るための含浸性と賦形性に優れた成形材料
に関するものである。本発明の成形材料は、強化繊維と
熱可塑性マトリックス樹脂とから成り、その強化繊維を
実質的に無撚の非連続繊維にすることを特徴とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a molding material of a reinforced composite material, which is excellent in impregnation property and shapeability for obtaining a molding product capable of obtaining excellent mechanical properties. It is a thing. The molding material of the present invention is characterized by comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic matrix resin, and making the reinforcing fibers substantially non-twisted discontinuous fibers.
【００１０】強化繊維としては、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維
などの無機繊維、アラミド繊維、ポリエチレン繊維など
の有機繊維、更に、ボロン繊維などの金属繊維などがあ
るが、特に、これに限定されるものではなく、一種類以
上用いてもよい。The reinforcing fibers include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers, organic fibers such as aramid fibers and polyethylene fibers, and metal fibers such as boron fibers. However, the reinforcing fibers are not particularly limited thereto. Alternatively, one or more types may be used.
【００１１】本発明の成形材料は、非連続の強化繊維と
非連続のマトリックス繊維とが混繊され、その混繊度が
２０％以上であり、かつ、該マトリックス繊維と実質的
に同じマトリックスから成るラッピングヤ−ンにて被覆
されている混繊糸から成ることが好ましい。ここで、混
繊度は下記の式により定義される。The molding material of the present invention is a mixture of discontinuous reinforcing fibers and discontinuous matrix fibers, the degree of mixing is 20% or more, and the matrix is substantially the same as the matrix fibers. It is preferably composed of a mixed yarn covered with a wrapping yarn. Here, the degree of mixed fiber is defined by the following formula.
【数１】 ここで、Ｎは強化繊維の総本数を示し、ＮｃＸは強化繊
維がいくつかの群に分割されているときのその群の個数
を示す。また、Ｘは群の中の特定な１つの群におけるフ
ィラメント数を示す。従って、上記の式において、１０
０×（Ｎ−Ｘ）／（Ｎ−１）は、混繊状態を意味し、Ｘ
が小さいほど混繊状態が良好である。また、（Ｎｃ×
Ｘ）／（Ｎ／Ｘ）は、重みを示す。[Equation 1] Here, N represents the total number of reinforcing fibers, and NcX represents the number of the reinforcing fibers divided into several groups. In addition, X represents the number of filaments in a specific one of the groups. Therefore, in the above equation, 10
0x (N-X) / (N-1) means a mixed fiber state, and X
The smaller is the better the mixed fiber state. In addition, (Nc ×
X) / (N / X) indicates a weight.
【００１２】マトリックス繊維は、ナイロン６やナイロ
ン６６に代表されるポリアミド繊維、ポリエチレンテレ
フタレ−トやポリブチレンテレフタレ−トなどのポリエ
ステル繊維、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのポリ
オレフィン系繊維、ポリエ−テルエ−テルケトン繊維、
ポリフェニレンサルファイド繊維、ポリエ−テルイミド
繊維、ポリカ−ボネ−ト繊維などが挙げられるが、特に
これに限定されるものではない。The matrix fibers include polyamide fibers represented by nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and polyether ether ketone. fiber,
Examples thereof include polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyethylene ether fiber, and polycarbonate fiber, but are not particularly limited thereto.
【００１３】混繊度は大きいほど、低い圧力、かつ／ま
たは、短い時間で含浸状態が良好な成形品が得られの
で、その値は２０％以上であることが必要である。これ
は、混繊度が２０％未満になると、良好な含浸状態を得
るために、高い圧力、かつ／または、長い時間が必要に
なるので不経済になり、成形品の機械的物性も低下する
からである。加えて、該混繊糸を構成するラッピングヤ
−ンは、１内至１０重量％であることが好ましい。The greater the degree of fiber mixing, the lower the pressure and / or the shorter time the molded product with good impregnation can be obtained. Therefore, the value must be 20% or more. This is because when the degree of mixing is less than 20%, high pressure and / or a long time is required to obtain a good impregnation state, which is uneconomical and the mechanical properties of the molded product are deteriorated. Is. In addition, the wrapping yarn constituting the mixed yarn is preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
【００１４】また、本発明の成形材料は、取扱性、賦形
性などを鑑み、その構造は少なくとも一部が布帛状であ
ることが好ましい。なお、ここに記す布帛とは織物をは
じめ、多軸積層布、編物、組物、不織布などを示すが、
特に、ここに記したものに限定されるものではない。The molding material of the present invention preferably has a cloth-like structure at least in part in view of handleability and shapeability. In addition, the cloth described here includes a woven fabric, a multiaxial laminated fabric, a knitted fabric, a braid, a non-woven fabric, and the like.
In particular, it is not limited to those described here.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】強化繊維とマトリックス樹脂とから成る複合材
料の成形品において、該強化繊維が実質的に無撚の非連
続繊維なので、強化繊維の束を構成する一部の強化繊維
が束からはみ出して、強化繊維の束と束の間にかかるの
で、そこでの強度が向上する。また、振動に対して、成
形品中での強化繊維が不連続なので、振動の伝播が阻害
され、振動吸収性も向上する。In the molded article of the composite material composed of the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin, since the reinforcing fiber is a substantially non-twisted discontinuous fiber, a part of the reinforcing fibers forming the bundle of reinforcing fibers protrudes from the bundle. Since it is applied between the bundles of reinforcing fibers, the strength there is improved. Further, since the reinforcing fibers in the molded product are discontinuous with respect to the vibration, the propagation of the vibration is hindered and the vibration absorbability is improved.
【００１６】成形材料は、通常非連続の強化繊維と非連
続の熱可塑性マトリックス繊維が混繊されているので、
強化繊維に樹脂を含浸させる時、低い圧力、かつ／また
は短い時間で、含浸状態が良好でボイドのない成形品を
得ることができる。また、成形素材は通常マトリックス
繊維と実質的に同じマトリックスから成るラッピングヤ
−ンにて被覆されている混繊糸なので、布帛状に容易に
加工することができる。更に、成形材料は、糸状、かつ
／または布帛状であり、しかも通常マトリックスが繊維
状のままなので柔軟であり、優れた型馴染み性を有す
る。Since the molding material is usually a mixture of discontinuous reinforcing fibers and discontinuous thermoplastic matrix fibers,
When the reinforcing fiber is impregnated with the resin, a molded article having a good impregnation state and having no void can be obtained with a low pressure and / or a short time. Further, since the molding material is a mixed fiber that is usually covered with a wrapping yarn composed of substantially the same matrix as the matrix fiber, it can be easily processed into a cloth. Further, the molding material is in the form of a thread and / or a cloth, and the matrix is usually fibrous, so that the molding material is flexible and has excellent mold compatibility.
【００１７】[0017]
実施例１ 非連続の炭素繊維と非連続のナイロン６繊維から成り、
混繊度が５０％である混繊糸の平織織物を積層し、設定
の厚さが２ｍｍの平板の成形品を得た。なお、炭素繊維
の体積含有率は、６０％であった。Example 1 comprising discontinuous carbon fibers and discontinuous nylon 6 fibers,
Plain weave fabrics of mixed fiber having a degree of mixed fiber of 50% were laminated to obtain a flat plate molded product having a set thickness of 2 mm. The volume content of carbon fiber was 60%.
【００１８】成形は、温度２５５℃に加熱した金型に、
該混繊糸の平織織物を所定量だけ積層し、金型を閉じ、
プレス成形機で、圧力５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 、保持時間２０
分間だけ押圧し、そのままの状態で冷却した。Molding is performed by using a mold heated to a temperature of 255.degree.
A plain weave fabric of the mixed fiber is laminated in a predetermined amount, the mold is closed,
Press molding machine, pressure 5kgf / cm 2 , holding time 20
It was pressed for only a minute and cooled as it was.
【００１９】比較例１ 炭素繊維とナイロン６繊維が連続であることを除いて、
実施例１と同様に設定の厚さが２ｍｍの平板の成形品を
得た。また、成形は、実施例１と同様に行なった。Comparative Example 1 Except that carbon fiber and nylon 6 fiber are continuous,
In the same manner as in Example 1, a flat plate molded product having a set thickness of 2 mm was obtained. The molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
【００２０】比較例２ 炭素繊維とナイロン６繊維が連続であることと混繊度が
１２％であることを除いて、実施例１と同様に設定の厚
さが２ｍｍの平板の成形品を得た。また、成形は実施例
１と同様に行なった。実施例１および比較例１、２の平
板の成形品の含浸状態、強度、振動吸収性を評価し、そ
の比較の結果をまとめて表１に示した。Comparative Example 2 A flat plate molded product having a set thickness of 2 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that carbon fiber and nylon 6 fiber were continuous and the degree of fineness was 12%. . The molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The flat plate molded products of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated for impregnation state, strength, and vibration absorption, and the results of the comparison are summarized in Table 1.
【００２１】実施例２ 成形材料が、非連続の炭素繊維と非連続のナイロン６繊
維から成り、混繊度が５０％である混繊糸の平織織物を
積層し、設定の厚さが２ｍｍ、半径１００ｍｍの半球状
成形品を得た。なお、炭素繊維の体積含有率は５６％で
あった。EXAMPLE 2 A plain weave woven fabric of a mixed fiber composed of non-continuous carbon fibers and non-continuous nylon 6 fibers and having a mixed degree of 50% was laminated, and a set thickness was 2 mm and a radius was set. A 100 mm hemispherical molded product was obtained. The volume content of carbon fiber was 56%.
【００２２】成形は温度２５５℃に加熱した半球状の金
型に該織物を所定量だけ配置し、プレス成形機で圧力５
ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 、圧力保持時間２０分間だけ押圧し、そ
のままの状態で冷却した。For forming, a predetermined amount of the woven fabric is placed in a hemispherical mold heated to a temperature of 255 ° C.
It was pressed only for kgf / cm 2 and a pressure holding time of 20 minutes, and cooled in that state.
【００２３】比較例３ 成形材料が非連続の炭素繊維の平織織物にナイロン６の
樹脂を含浸させたものであることを除いて、実施例１と
同様の半球状成形品を得た。実施例２およびに比較例３
の賦形性、半球成形品の外観を評価し、その比較の結果
をまとめて表２に示した。Comparative Example 3 A hemispherical molded article similar to that of Example 1 was obtained, except that the molding material was a discontinuous carbon fiber plain woven fabric impregnated with a resin of nylon 6. Example 2 and Comparative Example 3
And the appearance of the hemispherical molded product were evaluated, and the results of the comparison are summarized in Table 2.
【００２４】[0024]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２５】[0025]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】表１および表２の結果から明らかなよう
に、本発明の成形材料を用いることにより、マトリック
ス樹脂との含浸性、機械強度、振動吸収性などに優れた
繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂成形品を得ることができる。As is clear from the results of Tables 1 and 2, by using the molding material of the present invention, a fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin excellent in impregnation with a matrix resin, mechanical strength, vibration absorption, etc. A molded product can be obtained.
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Claims (3)
から成る複合材料の成形品用の成形材料であって、該強
化繊維が実質的に無撚の非連続繊維であることを特徴と
する繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂成形品用成形材料。1. A molding material for a molded article of a composite material comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic matrix resin, wherein the reinforcing fibers are substantially non-twisted discontinuous fibers. Molding material for thermoplastic resin moldings.
あることを特徴とする請求項１記載の繊維強化熱可塑性
樹脂成形品用成形材料。2. The molding material for a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molded article according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the reinforcing fiber is cloth-like.
トリックス繊維が混繊され、その混繊度が２０％以上で
あり、かつ、該マトリックス繊維と実質的に同じマトリ
ックスから成るラッピングヤ−ンにて被覆されている混
繊糸から成り、該混繊糸の一部が布帛状であることを特
徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂
成形品用成形材料。3. A wrapping yarn in which discontinuous reinforcing fibers and discontinuous thermoplastic matrix fibers are mixed and the degree of mixing is 20% or more, and the matrix is substantially the same as the matrix fibers. The molding material for a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molding material is made of a mixed fiber yarn covered with 1., and a part of the mixed fiber yarn has a cloth shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5322027A JPH07173299A (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Molding material for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5322027A JPH07173299A (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Molding material for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07173299A true JPH07173299A (en) | 1995-07-11 |
Family
ID=18139111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5322027A Pending JPH07173299A (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Molding material for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin molding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07173299A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR970021391A (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-05-28 | 아커만, 루쯔 위르겐 | Woven and hybrid yarn agglomerates with adjustable gas and / or liquid tightness, methods of processing thereof, fibrous sheet materials having desired gas and / or liquid permeability, and uses thereof |
| WO2007055017A1 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-05-18 | Takayasu Co., Ltd. | Composite and process for producing the same |
-
1993
- 1993-12-21 JP JP5322027A patent/JPH07173299A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR970021391A (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-05-28 | 아커만, 루쯔 위르겐 | Woven and hybrid yarn agglomerates with adjustable gas and / or liquid tightness, methods of processing thereof, fibrous sheet materials having desired gas and / or liquid permeability, and uses thereof |
| WO2007055017A1 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-05-18 | Takayasu Co., Ltd. | Composite and process for producing the same |
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