JPH07166844A - Equipment and method of monitoring catalyst apparatus loaded on automobile - Google Patents
Equipment and method of monitoring catalyst apparatus loaded on automobileInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07166844A JPH07166844A JP6269986A JP26998694A JPH07166844A JP H07166844 A JPH07166844 A JP H07166844A JP 6269986 A JP6269986 A JP 6269986A JP 26998694 A JP26998694 A JP 26998694A JP H07166844 A JPH07166844 A JP H07166844A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic converter
- sensor element
- conversion performance
- monitoring
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
- G01N25/28—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures the rise in temperature of the gases resulting from combustion being measured directly
- G01N25/30—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures the rise in temperature of the gases resulting from combustion being measured directly using electric temperature-responsive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/12—Other sensor principles, e.g. using electro conductivity of substrate or radio frequency
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0421—Methods of control or diagnosing using an increment counter when a predetermined event occurs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、第１の発明では自動車
搭載の触媒器の監視装置に関し、第２の発明では、排気
ガスによる触媒器の加熱と排気ガスの化学反応を検出す
る温度センサ装置を具備する内燃機関の排気ガスの触媒
器に関し、第３の発明では自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方
法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monitoring device for a catalyst unit mounted on an automobile according to a first aspect of the present invention, and in a second aspect, a temperature sensor for detecting heating of the catalyst unit by exhaust gas and chemical reaction of exhaust gas. The present invention relates to a catalytic converter for exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine equipped with a device, and a third invention relates to a method for monitoring a catalytic converter mounted on an automobile.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】自動車の有害物質の放出を低減するため
に内燃機関の排気ガスは、排気ガスに含まれている有害
物質を有害性の小さい物質に転化する触媒器に供給され
る。触媒器の転化性能は、時間の経過とともに低下す
る、すなわち触媒器は老化する。この老化は一様に進行
するのではなく、触媒器がさらされる作動条件に依存す
る。例えば許容されない高温により触媒器は急速に老化
し、ひいては完全に破壊される。さらに老化は、化学的
有毒物例えば鉛含有燃料により強く加速される。従っ
て、可及的最小に有害物質の放出を保持するために、触
媒器の転化性能を常時監視して、触媒器の許容されない
程に小さい転化性能を検出し、例えば触媒器の交換等の
適切な処置をとることが推奨される。2. Description of the Related Art In order to reduce the emission of harmful substances from automobiles, the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is supplied to a catalytic converter which converts the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas into less harmful substances. The catalytic converter conversion performance decreases over time, i.e. the catalytic converter ages. This aging is not uniform and depends on the operating conditions to which the catalytic converter is exposed. Unacceptable high temperatures, for example, cause the catalyzer to age rapidly and thus to be completely destroyed. Furthermore, aging is strongly accelerated by chemical poisons such as lead-containing fuels. Therefore, in order to keep the emission of harmful substances to the minimum possible extent, the conversion performance of the catalytic converter is constantly monitored and unacceptably low conversion performance of the catalytic converter is detected, for example appropriate replacement of the catalytic converter. It is recommended to take appropriate measures.
【０００３】触媒器の転化性能を判断する基準は、有害
物質の発熱転化反応により発生される触媒器の温度上昇
である。触媒器転化性能は、温度上昇が大きい場合には
十分である。これに対して温度上昇が小さい場合、転化
性能は十分でなく、触媒器を交換しなければならない。The criterion for judging the conversion performance of the catalytic converter is the temperature rise of the catalytic converter generated by the exothermic conversion reaction of harmful substances. The catalytic converter conversion performance is sufficient when the temperature rise is large. On the other hand, when the temperature rise is small, the conversion performance is not sufficient and the catalyst unit must be replaced.
【０００４】触媒器の転化性能の監視装置は、ドイツ特
許出願公開第２３４６４２５号公報から公知である。公
知の装置では触媒器の前の排気ガスチャネルの中と、触
媒器の後ろの排気ガスチャネルの中とにそれぞれ１つの
温度センサが設けられている。これら２つの温度センサ
により検出された温度の差が、所定閾値より小さい場
合、触媒器の転化性能が過小であることを示す欠陥信号
が出力される。A device for monitoring the conversion performance of catalytic converters is known from DE-A-2346425. In the known device, a temperature sensor is provided in the exhaust gas channel in front of the catalytic converter and in the exhaust gas channel in the rear of the catalytic converter. When the difference between the temperatures detected by these two temperature sensors is smaller than a predetermined threshold value, a defect signal indicating that the conversion performance of the catalytic converter is too small is output.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の課題は、自動
車搭載の触媒器の転化性能を監視することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to monitor the conversion performance of a catalytic converter mounted on an automobile.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は、第１の発明
では、センサ素子が、ある特定の温度依存特性を有する
電気抵抗を有し、触媒器の長手方向でセンサ素子に少な
くとも３つの端子を設け、センサ素子のそれぞれ２つの
電気端子の間の電気抵抗の値の比を求める第１の手段を
設け、電気抵抗値の比に基づいて触媒器の転化性能を判
断する第２の手段を設けることにより解決され、第２の
発明では、温度センサ装置が、触媒器の長手方向に配置
され温度に依存し測定に適するように寸法決めされてい
るセンサ素子から成り、センサ素子の長手方向に少なく
とも３つの端子を配置することにより解決され、第３の
発明では、センサ素子の電気抵抗値が温度に依存し、セ
ンサ素子の少なくとも２つの領域の電気抵抗値を求め、
触媒器の転化性能をセンサのこれらの領域の電気抵抗値
の比に基づいて判断することにより解決される。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the sensor element has an electric resistance having a specific temperature-dependent characteristic, and at least three terminals are provided to the sensor element in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter. And a first means for determining the ratio of the electric resistance values between the two electric terminals of the sensor element respectively, and a second means for determining the conversion performance of the catalytic converter based on the ratio of the electric resistance values. In the second invention, the temperature sensor device comprises a sensor element which is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the catalyst unit and is dimensioned to be temperature-dependent and suitable for measurement. This is solved by arranging at least three terminals. In the third invention, the electric resistance value of the sensor element depends on the temperature, and the electric resistance values of at least two regions of the sensor element are obtained.
It is solved by determining the conversion performance of the catalytic converter based on the ratio of the electrical resistance values of these areas of the sensor.
【０００７】本発明は、触媒器の転化性能を確実に監視
できる利点を有する。本発明で使用されるセンサ素子
は、非常に簡単に構成され、コストが小さく、頑丈であ
る。The present invention has the advantage that the conversion performance of the catalytic converter can be reliably monitored. The sensor element used in the present invention is very simple to construct, low cost and robust.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】次に本発明を実施例に基づき図を用いて詳細
に説明する。The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings based on an embodiment.
【０００９】図１のａ及び図１のｂはそれぞれ、実質的
に新品の触媒器（図１のａ）の場合又は老化した触媒器
（図１ｂ）の場合における触媒器の長手方向での転化性
能の経過を示す。横軸にはそれぞれ場所座標値ｘがとら
れており、ｘは触媒器の長手方向の位置を示す。縦軸に
は触媒器の転化性能ＫＦがとられている。図１のａに示
されている実質的に新品の触媒器では転化性能ＫＦは、
触媒的に活性の領域の始端の点Ｖで跳躍的に０％から１
００％に上昇する。１００％の値は、触媒器の触媒活性
の領域の全長にわたり維持される。この領域の終端の点
Ｈで転化性能は１００％から０％へ急激的に低下する。
従って実質的に新品の触媒器は全長にわたり、一様に高
い転化性能を有する。しかしこれは、触媒器の全長にわ
たり有害物質が同一の量で転化されることを意味しな
い。排気ガス流量が非常に大きい場合以外、転化は主に
触媒器の前部領域内すなわち点ＶとＭとの間で行われ、
従ってこの領域内でも、転化の際に発生する熱の大部分
は放出される。線図に示されている破線の曲線は、単位
長当り転化される有害物質を概念的に表す。転化された
有害物質量の急速な低下の理由は、排気ガス流量が過度
に大きくない場合には有害物質はすでに前部領域内でほ
ぼ完全に転化され、従って後部領域内では、転化性能は
非常に高いにもかかわらずほとんど転化が発生しないこ
とにある。FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively show the longitudinal conversion of the catalytic converter in the case of a substantially new catalytic converter (FIG. 1a) or in the case of an aged catalytic converter (FIG. 1b). The progress of performance is shown. On the abscissa, the location coordinate value x is taken, and x indicates the position in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter. The vertical axis shows the conversion performance KF of the catalytic converter. In the substantially new catalytic converter shown in FIG. 1a, the conversion performance KF is
Jump from 0% to 1 at point V at the beginning of the catalytically active region
Increase to 00%. A value of 100% is maintained over the entire length of the catalytically active area of the catalytic converter. At the point H at the end of this region, the conversion performance drops sharply from 100% to 0%.
Thus, substantially new catalysts have uniformly high conversion performance over their entire length. However, this does not mean that harmful substances are converted in the same amount over the entire length of the catalytic converter. Except when the exhaust gas flow rate is very high, the conversion takes place mainly in the front region of the catalytic converter, ie between points V and M,
Therefore, even in this region, most of the heat generated during the conversion is released. The dashed curve shown in the diagram conceptually represents the hazardous substances converted per unit length. The reason for the rapid drop in the amount of converted toxic substances is that the toxic substances are already almost completely converted in the front region when the exhaust gas flow rate is not too high, so that in the rear region the conversion performance is very high. Although it is very high, there is almost no conversion.
【００１０】図１のｂの線図は、老化した触媒器の場合
を示す。老化はほぼ排気ガス例えば非常に高温の排気ガ
ス温度、排気ガスに含有され触媒器に有害な物質又は排
気ガスに含有され触媒器の中で燃焼して非常に高い温度
を発生する燃料残留物等に起因するので、触媒器の老化
は通常は排気ガス流入側から始まる。これは、図１のｂ
の線図に明瞭に示されている。図１のａとは異なり、点
Ｖで転化性能は上昇せず、転化性能は、例えば触媒器の
中央に位置する点Ｍで初めて緩慢に上昇し、触媒器の終
端すなわち点Ｈの近辺で、実質的に新品の触媒器が全長
にわたり有する１００％の値に到達する。これにより、
触媒器の前部領域内すなわち点ＶとＭとの間で有害物質
はほぼまったく転化されない。転化は、ほぼ後部領域内
すなわち点ＭとＨとの間のみで行われる（図１のｂの破
線曲線を参照）。これは、老化した触媒器の場合には後
部領域が有害物質の転化により加熱されることを意味す
る。触媒器が、図１のｂに示されているより老化が激し
い場合、転化性能は、触媒器の全長にわたりほぼ０％で
あり、従って有害物質の発熱転化反応による温度上昇は
発生しない。図１のａ及び図１のｂの線図から、実質的
に新品の触媒器は前部領域内で高い温度を有し、この温
度上昇は、老化の進行につれて後部へずれ、従って完全
に破壊された触媒器ではまったく温度上昇が発生しない
ことが推測できる。この現象は本発明により利用され
る。すなわち触媒器の長手方向での温度分布が求めら
れ、これから転化性能が推測される。The diagram in FIG. 1b shows the case of an aged catalytic converter. Aging is almost exhaust gas, for example, a very high temperature of exhaust gas, a substance contained in the exhaust gas and harmful to the catalyst, or a fuel residue contained in the exhaust gas and burning in the catalyst to generate a very high temperature, etc. As a result, the aging of the catalytic converter usually starts from the exhaust gas inflow side. This is b in FIG.
Is clearly shown in the diagram. Unlike a in FIG. 1A, the conversion performance does not increase at the point V, and the conversion performance gradually increases only at the point M located in the center of the catalyst unit, for example, at the end of the catalyst unit, that is, near the point H. The 100% value that virtually new catalysts have over their entire length is reached. This allows
In the front region of the catalytic converter, ie between points V and M, almost no harmful substances are converted. The conversion takes place almost only in the posterior region, i.e. between points M and H (see the dashed curve in Fig. 1b). This means that in the case of aged catalyst units the rear region is heated by the conversion of harmful substances. If the catalytic converter is more aged than shown in FIG. 1b, the conversion performance is almost 0% over the entire length of the catalytic converter, so that the temperature rise due to the exothermic conversion reaction of harmful substances does not occur. From the diagrams of Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b, the substantially new catalyst has a higher temperature in the front region, this temperature rise shifting towards the rear as aging progresses, and thus complete destruction. It can be inferred that no temperature rise occurs in the catalyzed reactor. This phenomenon is utilized by the present invention. That is, the temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter is obtained, and the conversion performance is estimated from this.
【００１１】図２は、本発明の装置を示す。本発明の触
媒器２００は、センサ素子２０２を有する。センサ素子
２０２は、触媒器２００の長手方向に配置され、温度変
化とともに変化する抵抗を有する材料から成る。センサ
素子２０２は、図２に示されているように細長の棒又は
ワイヤとして形成できるが、しかし平面的な層としても
形成できる。この場合にただ１つ重要なことは、センサ
２０２が触媒器２００の長手方向に程度の長さで延在
し、触媒器２００の長手方向で見て少なくとも３つの順
次のコンタクトが設けられていることである。以下の説
明で、図１のａ及び図１のｂと同様に、排気ガスの流れ
方向で第１のコンタクトがコンタクトＶと呼称し、次の
コンタクトをコンタクトＭと呼称し、最後のコンタクト
をコンタクトＨと呼称する。３つのコンタクトＶ，Ｍ及
びＨは、それぞれ１本の接続線を介して評価回路２０４
に接続されている。評価回路２０４は、触媒器が十分な
転化性能を有するかを調べ、否定的評価が下された場合
には警報信号を発生する。この過程の詳細を、図３のフ
ローチャートに基づいて説明する。FIG. 2 shows the device of the present invention. The catalyst device 200 of the present invention has a sensor element 202. The sensor element 202 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter 200 and is made of a material having a resistance that changes with a temperature change. The sensor element 202 can be formed as an elongated rod or wire as shown in Figure 2, but can also be formed as a planar layer. The only thing that is important here is that the sensor 202 extends for a certain length in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter 200 and is provided with at least three sequential contacts as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the catalytic converter 200. That is. In the following description, the first contact is referred to as the contact V, the next contact is referred to as the contact M, and the last contact is referred to as the contact in the exhaust gas flow direction, as in the case of FIG. Call H. The three contacts V, M and H are respectively connected to the evaluation circuit 204 via one connection line.
It is connected to the. The evaluation circuit 204 checks whether the catalytic converter has sufficient conversion performance and generates an alarm signal if a negative evaluation is made. Details of this process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
【００１２】本発明の装置により触媒器２００の中の温
度分布に基づいて触媒器２００の転化性能ＫＦを推測す
るので、この温度分布がほぼ、転化の際に放出される熱
により定められ、その他の影響ファクタは副次的な役割
しか果たさないことが保証されなければならない。従っ
て、図２のフローチャートのステップ３００で内燃機関
が、上記の条件が満足されている作動状態にあるかどう
か調べる。このような作動状態は通常は、内燃機関の始
動後に無負荷運転の前又は通常は無負荷運転の最中のあ
る特定の時間間隔の中に存在する。ステップ３００の条
件は例えば、内燃機関の負荷も回転数も非常に大きい値
を有する場合に満足されない。このような場合、ステッ
プ３００は再び実行され、この動作は、ステップ３００
の条件が満足されるまで繰返される。Since the conversion performance KF of the catalytic converter 200 is estimated based on the temperature distribution in the catalytic converter 200 by the apparatus of the present invention, this temperature distribution is almost determined by the heat released during the conversion, and It must be ensured that the influencing factors of play only a minor role. Therefore, in step 300 of the flowchart of FIG. 2, it is checked whether the internal combustion engine is in an operating state in which the above conditions are satisfied. Such operating conditions usually exist after starting the internal combustion engine, before no-load operation, or usually during a certain time interval during no-load operation. The condition of step 300 is not satisfied, for example, when the load and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine have very large values. In such a case, step 300 is performed again, and this operation is
It is repeated until the condition of is satisfied.
【００１３】適切な作動状態が存在する場合、ステップ
３００にステップ３０２が続き、ステップ３０２ではセ
ンサ素子２０２の前部の抵抗値と後部の抵抗値との比が
求められる、すなわち点Ｖと点Ｍとの抵抗値が点Ｍと点
Ｈとの間の抵抗値により除算される。ステップ３０２で
求められた抵抗値比は、判断ステップ３０４で閾値と比
較される、すなわち抵抗値比が閾値より大きいか調べら
れる。肯定的判断が下された場合、ステップ３０４にス
テップ３０６が続き、ステップ３０６では、触媒器２０
０が、十分に大きい転化性能ＫＦを有し、従って交換の
必要がないと推測される。ステップ３０６によりフロー
チャートの進行が終了する。ステップ３０４で否定的判
断が下された場合、判断ステップ３０８が続き、ステッ
プ３０８では、触媒器が十分な転化性能ＫＦを有せず、
従って交換すべきであることを表示するかどうかが調べ
られる。ステップ３０８は、誤りの欠陥通報を早すぎる
時点で出力することを防止するために設けられている。
ステップ３０８は、異なる方法で実現できる。例えば、
判断ステップ３０４で否定的判断が下された回数を検出
するカウンタを設けることもできる。この場合、ある特
定の数から判断が信頼できると決めておく。別の１つの
構成では例えば、センサ素子２０２の全抵抗値が閾値を
越えたかどうかも判断ステップで調べる。肯定的判断が
下された場合、センサ素子２０２及びひいては触媒器２
００も、転化のための最低温度を越えたことが確められ
る。この場合にのみ転化が可能となる。ステップ３０８
で肯定的判断が下された場合、ステップ３１０が続き、
ステップ３１０では例えば欠陥メモリに記憶される及び
／又は運転者が、触媒器が欠陥を有するとの通報を受取
る。If a suitable operating condition exists, step 300 is followed by step 302, in which the ratio of the front resistance value to the rear resistance value of sensor element 202 is determined, ie point V and point M. The resistance values of and are divided by the resistance value between points M and H. The resistance value ratio obtained in step 302 is compared with a threshold value in decision step 304, that is, it is checked whether or not the resistance value ratio is larger than the threshold value. If an affirmative decision is made, step 304 is followed by step 306, in which step 306, the catalyst 20
It is assumed that 0 has a sufficiently high conversion performance KF and therefore does not need to be replaced. Step 306 ends the flow chart. If a negative decision is made in step 304, decision step 308 follows, in which the catalyst does not have sufficient conversion performance KF,
Therefore, it is checked whether or not to indicate that it should be replaced. Step 308 is provided to prevent the output of the error defect notification too early.
Step 308 can be implemented in different ways. For example,
A counter may be provided to detect the number of times a negative decision is made at decision step 304. In this case, it is decided that the judgment is reliable from a certain number. In another configuration, for example, whether or not the total resistance value of the sensor element 202 exceeds a threshold value is also checked in the determination step. If a positive determination is made, the sensor element 202 and thus the catalytic converter 2
It is confirmed that 00 also exceeded the minimum temperature for conversion. Only in this case is conversion possible. Step 308
If the affirmative decision is made in step 310, step 310 continues,
In step 310, for example, it is stored in the defect memory and / or the operator receives a notification that the catalytic converter is defective.
【００１４】前述の実施例では、センサ２０２が正の温
度係数を有する、すなわちセンサ素子２０２の電気抵抗
が温度の上昇とともに増加することが暗黙のうちに前提
とされている。しかし、負の温度係数を有するセンサ素
子２０２を使用することも可能である。しかしこれは、
抵抗値を評価する場合に考慮しなければならない。In the embodiment described above, it is implicitly assumed that the sensor 202 has a positive temperature coefficient, ie the electrical resistance of the sensor element 202 increases with increasing temperature. However, it is also possible to use a sensor element 202 with a negative temperature coefficient. But this is
It must be taken into consideration when evaluating the resistance value.
【図１】新品の触媒器と老化した触媒器の長手方向での
転化性能の経過を示す線図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the progress of conversion performance in the longitudinal direction of a new catalytic converter and an aged catalytic converter.
【図２】本発明の装置の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の装置を用いて触媒器の転化性能を監視
する本発明の方法のフローチャートである。FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention for monitoring catalytic converter conversion performance using the apparatus of the present invention.
２００ 触媒器 ２０２ センサ素子 ２０４ 評価回路 200 Catalyzer 202 Sensor element 204 Evaluation circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 フランク ブリシュケ ドイツ連邦共和国 シュツットガルト ホ ーエンハイマー シュトラーセ 35 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Frank Brischke Federal Republic of Germany Stuttgart Hohenheimer Strasse 35
Claims (10)
０２）を具備する自動車搭載の触媒器の監視装置におい
て、 前記センサ素子（２０２）が、所定の温度依存特性を有
する電気抵抗を有し、 前記触媒器（２００）の長手方向で前記センサ素子（２
０２）に少なくとも３つの端子（Ｖ，Ｍ，Ｈ）を設け、 前記センサ素子（２０２）のそれぞれ２つの電気端子の
間の電気抵抗の値の比を求める第１の手段を設け、 前記電気抵抗値の比に基づいて前記触媒器（２００）の
転化性能（ＫＦ）を判断する第２の手段を設けることを
特徴とする自動車搭載の触媒器の監視装置。1. A sensor element (2) in a catalytic converter (200).
02) equipped with a vehicle-mounted catalytic device, the sensor element (202) has an electric resistance having a predetermined temperature-dependent characteristic, and the sensor element (202) is arranged in a longitudinal direction of the catalytic device (200). Two
02) is provided with at least three terminals (V, M, H), and is provided with a first means for obtaining a ratio of values of electric resistance between each two electric terminals of the sensor element (202). A monitoring device for an on-vehicle catalytic converter, comprising a second means for judging the conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200) based on the ratio of the values.
０）の長手方向に延在するワイヤ又は棒から成るか又は
導電性層から成ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の自
動車搭載の触媒器の監視装置。2. The sensor element (202) is a catalyst device (20).
0) A vehicle-mounted catalyzer monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a wire or rod extending in the longitudinal direction 0) or a conductive layer.
と排気ガスの化学反応を検出する温度センサ装置を具備
する内燃機関の排気ガスの触媒器（２００）において、 前記温度センサ装置が、前記触媒器（２００）の長手方
向に配置され温度に依存し測定に適するように寸法決め
されているセンサ素子（２０２）から成り、 前記センサ素子（２０２）の長手方向に少なくとも３つ
の端子（Ｖ，Ｍ，Ｈ）を配置することを特徴とする内燃
機関の排気ガスの触媒器。3. An exhaust gas catalytic converter (200) for an internal combustion engine, comprising a temperature sensor device for heating a catalytic converter (200) by exhaust gas and a chemical reaction of the exhaust gas, wherein the temperature sensor device comprises: A sensor element (202) arranged longitudinally of the catalytic converter (200) and dimensioned to be temperature-dependent and suitable for measurement, wherein at least three terminals (V, M, H) are arranged in the exhaust gas catalyst of the internal combustion engine.
０２）を具備する自動車搭載の触媒器の監視装置におい
て、 前記センサ素子（２０２）の電気抵抗値が温度に依存
し、 前記センサ素子（２０２）の少なくとも２つの領域の電
気抵抗値を求め、 前記触媒器（２００）の転化性能（ＫＦ）を前記センサ
（２０２）のこれらの領域の電気抵抗値の比に基づいて
判断することを特徴とする自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方
法。4. A sensor element (2) in the catalytic converter (200).
02) equipped with a vehicle-mounted catalytic device monitoring device, wherein the electrical resistance value of the sensor element (202) depends on temperature, and the electrical resistance value of at least two regions of the sensor element (202) is obtained, A method for monitoring an on-vehicle catalytic converter, characterized in that the conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200) is judged based on the ratio of the electric resistance values of these regions of the sensor (202).
を、前記センサ素子（２０２）の前部領域の電気抵抗値
と後部領域の電気抵抗値との比が第１の所定閾値より大
きい場合には十分であると判断することを特徴とする請
求項４に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方法。5. The conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200).
Is determined to be sufficient if the ratio of the electrical resistance value of the front region of the sensor element (202) to the electrical resistance value of the rear region thereof is larger than a first predetermined threshold value. 4. The method for monitoring a catalyst unit mounted on an automobile according to item 4.
能（ＫＦ）が少なくとも所定数の回数だけ不十分である
と判断された場合に出力することを特徴とする請求項４
又は請求項５に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方法。6. The defect notification is output when the conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200) is determined to be insufficient at least a predetermined number of times.
Alternatively, the method for monitoring a vehicle-mounted catalyst device according to claim 5.
能（ＫＦ）が不十分であると判断され、センサ（２０
２）の全抵抗値が第２の所定閾値より大きい場合に出力
することを特徴とする請求項４から請求項６のうちのい
ずれか１つの請求項に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視
方法。7. The defect notification is judged to be insufficient conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200), and the sensor (20)
7. The method for monitoring an on-vehicle catalytic converter according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the output is made when the total resistance value of 2) is larger than a second predetermined threshold value. .
内燃機関のある特定の作動状態においてのみ判断するこ
とを特徴とする請求項４から請求項７のうちのいずれか
１つの請求項に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方法。8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the conversion performance (KF) of the catalytic converter (200) is determined only in certain operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The method for monitoring a vehicle-mounted catalyzer according to.
後の所定時間間隔の中にあることを特徴とする請求項８
に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方法。9. The operating condition as described above is within a predetermined time interval after the start of the internal combustion engine.
The method for monitoring a vehicle-mounted catalyzer according to.
負荷運転の最中に存在することを特徴とする請求項８又
は請求項９に記載の自動車搭載の触媒器の監視方法。10. The method for monitoring an on-vehicle catalytic converter according to claim 8 or 9, wherein such an operating state exists during no-load operation of the internal combustion engine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4338547.8 | 1993-11-11 | ||
| DE4338547A DE4338547A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 | 1993-11-11 | Monitoring catalyser in motor vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07166844A true JPH07166844A (en) | 1995-06-27 |
Family
ID=6502376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6269986A Pending JPH07166844A (en) | 1993-11-11 | 1994-11-02 | Equipment and method of monitoring catalyst apparatus loaded on automobile |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07166844A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4338547A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19512298A1 (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-10-24 | Haefele Cornelia | Emission-controlled arrangement for catalytic pollutant reduction in catalysts |
| EP1348481A1 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-01 | Sulzer Hexis AG | Process for regulating the reactions between at least two gaseous components |
| DE102006040563A1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-20 | Enerday Gmbh | Method and system for adjusting the temperature profile of a catalyst in a reformer |
| DE102006049642B3 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-02-14 | Audi Ag | Method e.g. for diagnosing catalyst capable of storing post treatment of exhaust gas of internal combustion engine, involves monitoring hot exhaust gas so that its temperature is above reaction temperature of catalytic converter |
| FR2932533B1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2010-07-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MONITORING THE INTEGRITY OF A CERAMIC PARTICLE FILTER STRUCTURE |
| DE102008039532B4 (en) * | 2008-08-23 | 2013-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Efficiency monitoring of an exhaust aftertreatment device |
| FR2939692B1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2011-01-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DEPOLLUTION MEMBER ASSOCIATED WITH MEANS FOR DETERMINING TEMPERATURE |
-
1993
- 1993-11-11 DE DE4338547A patent/DE4338547A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-11-02 JP JP6269986A patent/JPH07166844A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4338547A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
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