JPH07156870A - Endless stabilizer - Google Patents
Endless stabilizerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07156870A JPH07156870A JP30392793A JP30392793A JPH07156870A JP H07156870 A JPH07156870 A JP H07156870A JP 30392793 A JP30392793 A JP 30392793A JP 30392793 A JP30392793 A JP 30392793A JP H07156870 A JPH07156870 A JP H07156870A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hull
- stabilizer
- resistance
- sailing
- sail
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment
Landscapes
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、船舶の下部から水中に
突出させて取り付けられ、船舶の姿勢安定若しくは航走
中の方向安定性に寄与する無端型安定板に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an endless stabilizer which is mounted so as to project from the lower portion of a ship into the water and contributes to stability of the attitude of the ship or directional stability during sailing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、船舶艇の姿勢安定や方向安定の目
的で、船体の下部から水中に突出させて取り付けられる
安定板としては、図４に示すように、船底０１にその上
端部が固着され船体０２から下方へ突き出し、船体０２
の航走時の方向安定性を向上させる翼型断面を有する平
板状の安定板３がある。また、安定板３を可動にして、
船体旋回時に使用する舵としての機能を付与したものも
ある。さらには、船体の両舷から安定板を水中へ突出さ
せて、船体０２の静止時、あるいは航走時、安定板に働
く水力的な力を利用して、船体に生じる横揺れを低減さ
せるものもある。しかし、これらは、何れも船体０１没
水部の断面面積、あるいは表面積に比較して充分小さ
く、その抵抗が推進性能に及ぼす影響は大きくない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a stabilizer which is attached by projecting from the lower part of a hull into water for the purpose of stabilizing the posture and direction of a watercraft, as shown in FIG. And project downward from the hull 02,
There is a flat plate-like stabilizer plate 3 having an airfoil cross-section that improves the directional stability of the ship when traveling. Also, with the stabilizer 3 movable,
Some of them have a function as a rudder used when turning the hull. Furthermore, by projecting the stabilizer into the water from both sides of the hull, and using the hydraulic force that acts on the stabilizer when the hull 02 is stationary or while traveling to reduce the rolling caused on the hull. There is also. However, each of these is sufficiently smaller than the cross-sectional area or surface area of the submerged part of the ship 01, and its resistance does not significantly affect the propulsion performance.
【０００３】上記した安定板に比較して、図５に示すよ
うに、水面上に帆（セール）０４を設けて、帆０４の方
向を風の方向から傾け、帆０４に発生する空気力の船体
中心方向の成分を推進力として利用し、帆走するように
したヨットの場合、帆０４に働く、空気の流れの方向と
直交する方向に生じる空気力の船幅方向成分により、船
体０２に船体中心線まわりの回転（ロール）力が生じ、
これにより船体が横転するのを防止し、船体０１の釣り
合いを保つとともに、船体０２の船幅方向の流れを防止
するため、充分な水力的な反力を発生させ、さらには、
船体の横方向の流れに対して、大きな抵抗体となすため
に、船体０１の没水部の大きさに比較して大きな平板面
積を有する安定板（センターボード）０３を設ける必要
がある。As compared with the above-mentioned stabilizer, as shown in FIG. 5, a sail (sail) 04 is provided on the water surface, and the direction of the sail 04 is inclined from the direction of the wind, so that the aerodynamic force generated on the sail 04 is reduced. In the case of a yacht that sails by using the component in the center direction of the hull as propulsive force, the hull 02 is hulled by the hull component of the aerodynamic force acting on the sail 04 in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the air flow. A rotation (roll) force is generated around the center line,
This prevents the hull from overturning, keeps the balance of the hull 01, and prevents the flow of the hull 02 in the width direction, so that a sufficient hydraulic reaction force is generated.
In order to make a large resistance against the lateral flow of the hull, it is necessary to provide a stabilizer (center board) 03 having a flat plate area larger than the size of the submerged portion of the hull 01.
【０００４】さらに、この安定板０３は、大きい面積を
持つ帆０４に働く空気力が、船体中心線まわりに船体０
２を回転させようとする回転力を、復元力の小さいスレ
ンダーな船体０２の抵抗とともに、安定板０３に水流で
発生する水力的な力でキャンセルし、また船体０２の横
方向の移動によって生じようとする水流を阻止すること
によって、船体０２の横流れを防止するため、安定板０
３は大きな水力的な反力に耐え得る、頑丈な構造のもの
にする必要がある。従って、図示したように、上端を船
底０１に固定した片持ち式の安定板０３では、大きな厚
みを有する強固な構造のものにする必要がある。Further, in this stabilizer 03, the aerodynamic force acting on the sail 04 having a large area causes the hull 0 to move around the center line of the hull.
The rotational force that tries to rotate 2 may be canceled by the hydraulic force generated by the water flow on the stabilizer 03 along with the resistance of the slender hull 02 having a small restoring force, and may also be generated by the lateral movement of the hull 02. To prevent lateral flow of the hull 02 by blocking the water flow,
The 3 must be of a sturdy construction that can withstand large hydraulic reaction forces. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the cantilever type stabilizer 03 having the upper end fixed to the ship bottom 01 needs to have a strong structure having a large thickness.
【０００５】このように、船体０２の姿勢安定、又は走
行安定のため取り付けられている安定板０３は、船体０
２の推進面から見た場合、抵抗としてしか働かず、さら
に上述したように、船体０２に比較して大きな面積を持
ち、さらに、大きな厚みを持つとなると、推進面への影
響は非常に大きなものとなる。近年、ヨットの場合にお
いても、高速化が求められているが、大きな面積を持
ち、大きな厚みを必要とし、しかも大きな水力的な力を
発生させる必要のある、安定板０２は高速化阻害の大き
な要因となっている。As described above, the stabilizer 03 attached for stabilizing the posture of the hull 02 or for the traveling stability is the hull 0
When viewed from the propulsion side of No. 2, it acts only as a resistance, and as described above, when it has a large area compared to the hull 02 and has a large thickness, the influence on the propulsion side is very large. Will be things. In recent years, even in the case of a yacht, there is a demand for speeding up, but since the stabilizer 02 has a large area, needs a large thickness, and needs to generate a large hydraulic force, the stabilizer 02 has a large obstacle to speeding up. It is a factor.
【０００６】安定板０２に生じる抵抗は、大きく２種類
に分けられる。１つは安定板０２の表面積に比例する摩
擦抵抗であり、他の１つは安定板０２に発生する水力的
な力に比例して生じる渦抵抗である。従来、高速化のた
めに、取られて来た抵抗低減策としては、摩擦抵抗に対
してリブレット等の低減デバイスを使用して、船体０２
没水部に生じる境界層の発達を押さえて抵抗を低減する
もの、また、渦抵抗に対しては、図６に示すように安定
板０３の下端にウイングレット０５を取り付けて、ウイ
ングレット０５から生じる渦を利用して、安定板０２に
生じる渦抵抗を低減するものがある。これらの抵抗低減
策は、それなりの効果をあげているが、特に渦抵抗の低
減については、未だ充分ではない。The resistance generated in the stabilizer 02 is roughly classified into two types. One is frictional resistance proportional to the surface area of the stabilizer 02, and the other is eddy resistance generated in proportion to the hydraulic force generated on the stabilizer 02. Conventionally, in order to increase the speed, as a drag reduction measure that has been taken, a reduction device such as a riblet is used for frictional resistance.
A winglet 05 is attached to the lower end of the stabilizer 03 as shown in FIG. 6 to reduce the resistance by suppressing the development of the boundary layer generated in the submerged part, and for the vortex resistance, the vortex generated from the winglet 05 is attached. Is used to reduce the eddy resistance generated in the stabilizer 02. These resistance reduction measures have some effects, but they are not yet sufficient especially for reduction of eddy resistance.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本来、船舶艇の推進の
面からではなく、釣り合いや走行安定の面から、船体に
取り付けられている安定板は、推進の目的にとっては抵
抗としてしか働かない。従って、高速化に対しては大き
な障害となっている。特に、ヨットの場合のように、船
体の大きさに対して、安定板が大きな面積を持ち、大き
な水力的な力を発生するものは更に大きな高速化阻害の
要因となっている。Originally, the stabilizer attached to the hull functions only as a resistance for the purpose of propulsion, not from the viewpoint of propulsion of the watercraft, but from the viewpoint of balance and traveling stability. Therefore, it is a major obstacle to speeding up. In particular, as in the case of a yacht, a stabilizer that has a large area with respect to the size of the hull and generates a large hydraulic force is a factor that further impedes speedup.
【０００８】本発明は、船体の大きさに対して、大きな
面積を必要とする船舶に装備する安定板の抵抗、特に渦
抵抗を低減して、船体の高速化を図ることのできる無端
型安定板を提供することを課題とする。According to the present invention, the resistance of the stabilizer, which is required to have a large area for the size of the hull, in particular the eddy resistance, is reduced, and the speed of the hull can be increased. The challenge is to provide a board.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の課題を解決するた
め、本発明の無端型安定板は次の手段とした。両端が船
体中心線と略平行にされて船体に固定され、中央部が船
体から下方に突出させられて、その内部を水がスムーズ
に通過できる流路を設けた筒状に形成した安定板を船体
の下方に設けた。In order to solve the above problems, the endless type stabilizer of the present invention has the following means. Both ends are fixed to the hull with the hull centerline approximately parallel to the hull, and the central part is projected downward from the hull to form a cylindrical stabilizer plate with a flow passage through which water can smoothly pass. It was installed below the hull.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】水中に置かれた安定板に生じる水力的な力は、
安定板の両面に生じる圧力差によって発生するものであ
り、その圧力差は安定板の端部（自由端）で大きな渦を
誘起して渦抵抗を発生させる。従って、本発明の無端型
安定板は上述の手段により、水力的な力を発生させる安
定板を、自由端のない筒状のものにし、二次元翼の特性
に近い特性を有するものにした。これにより水力的な力
は充分発生するが、自由端で誘起する大きな渦の発生は
押さえられて、渦抵抗を小さくすることができる。[Function] The hydraulic force generated on the stabilizer placed in water is
It is generated by a pressure difference generated on both sides of the stabilizer, and the pressure difference induces a large vortex at the end (free end) of the stabilizer to generate eddy resistance. Therefore, according to the endless type stabilizer of the present invention, the stabilizer for generating hydraulic force is formed into a cylindrical shape having no free end and has characteristics close to those of a two-dimensional blade by the above-mentioned means. As a result, sufficient hydraulic force is generated, but generation of large vortices induced at the free end is suppressed, and eddy resistance can be reduced.
【００１１】さらに、本発明の無端型安定板では、筒状
に形成されているので、従来の片持ち式の安定板に比
べ、構造的に強度が大幅に増加する。従って、個々の安
定板の板厚を薄くすることができ、これによっても、従
来の片持ち式安定板に比べて抵抗を小さくすることがで
きる。Further, since the endless type stabilizer of the present invention is formed in a tubular shape, its structural strength is significantly increased as compared with the conventional cantilever type stabilizer. Therefore, the thickness of each stabilizer can be reduced, and this can also reduce the resistance as compared with the conventional cantilever type stabilizer.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明の無端型安定板の実施例を図面
に基づき説明する。図１は、本発明の無端型安定板の一
実施例を示す斜視図、図２は図１の矢視Ａ−Ａで示す横
断面図である。船体１の甲板上にはマスト３が立設され
ており、マスト３とマスト３に横設されたステー４によ
り帆走用のセール５が張設されている。そして、セール
５は帆走方向に対して最も効果的な推進力が得られるよ
う、風向に応じてマスト３のまわりで回動させ、方向が
設定できるようになっている。また、船底２の下面に
は、船体中心線に平行に配設された２枚の安定板６の上
端が固定されている。この固定は、船底２の下面にボル
ト、ナット等を用いて取外し自在に固着するもので良
く、また、入港時には、船上から船体１を貫通して安定
板６を上方へ引張り上げられるような構造のものにして
も良い。また、２枚の安定板６の配設間隔は、その内部
を流れる水流の粘性の影響が顕著にならない程度にされ
ている。また、安定板６は水平断面形状が翼型に形成さ
れ、船体中心線方向の水流に対し抵抗が小さくなるよう
にするとともに、その下端で左右の安定板６は滑らかな
曲線をなして、角部のない連結部７を形成している。さ
らに、安定板６の船底２との固定部も滑らかな曲線で船
底２と連続し、角部を形成しないように形成されてい
る。すなわち、連結部７を含めた安定板６と船底２によ
って形成される滑らかな内周を有し、その内部を水がス
ムーズに通過できる筒状のものが船底下面に形成されて
いる。なお、本実施例で安定板６は、ほぼ鉛直方向にし
て、船底２に取り付けたものを示したが、鉛直方向と傾
斜させて設けるようにしても良い。また、本実施例で
は、２枚の安定板６と連結部７を別体で形成し、これを
連結して筒状の流路を形成するものを示したが、安定板
６と連結部７を断面形状が翼型の一枚板で一体に形成
し、これを折曲げて加工し、筒状の流路を形成するよう
にしても良い。Embodiments of the endless type stabilizer of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the endless stabilizer of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. A mast 3 is erected on the deck of the hull 1, and a sail 5 for sailing is stretched by a mast 3 and a stay 4 provided laterally on the mast 3. Then, the sail 5 can be rotated around the mast 3 in accordance with the wind direction so that the most effective propulsive force can be obtained in the sailing direction, and the direction can be set. Further, on the lower surface of the ship bottom 2, the upper ends of two stabilizers 6 arranged parallel to the hull center line are fixed. This fixing may be fixed to the lower surface of the ship bottom 2 by using bolts, nuts, etc. so that it can be removed freely. Further, when entering the port, the structure is such that the stabilizer plate 6 can be pulled up from the ship through the hull 1 and upward. You can use one. Further, the interval between the two stabilizing plates 6 is set so that the effect of the viscosity of the water flow flowing inside the stabilizing plates 6 is not significant. Further, the stabilizer 6 is formed in a wing shape in horizontal cross section so that the resistance against water flow in the centerline direction of the hull is reduced, and at the lower end of the stabilizer 6, the left and right stabilizers 6 form a smooth curve, A connection part 7 having no part is formed. Further, the fixing portion of the stabilizer plate 6 to the ship bottom 2 is also formed in a smooth curve so as to be continuous with the ship bottom 2 and not form a corner. That is, a tubular member having a smooth inner circumference formed by the stabilizer 6 including the connecting portion 7 and the ship bottom 2 and through which water can smoothly pass is formed on the lower surface of the ship bottom. In this embodiment, the stabilizer 6 is shown in the vertical direction and is attached to the bottom 2 of the ship, but it may be provided so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. In addition, in the present embodiment, the two stabilizers 6 and the connecting portion 7 are separately formed and connected to each other to form a tubular flow path. However, the stabilizer 6 and the connecting portion 7 are shown. May be integrally formed by a single plate having a wing shape in cross section, and this may be bent and processed to form a tubular flow path.
【００１３】上述の構成により、帆走する場合、セール
５の面を風向に対して傾けて設定すると、セール５に働
く空気力により帆走することになるが、帆走方向と風向
とは必ずしも一致しないので、セール５に働く空気力は
帆走方向、すなわち、船体中心線の方向、と直交する船
幅方向の成分を持つこととなる。With the above structure, when sailing, if the surface of the sail 5 is set to be inclined with respect to the wind direction, the sail will be sailed by the aerodynamic force acting on the sail 5, but the sailing direction and the wind direction do not always match. The aerodynamic force acting on the sail 5 has a component in the sailing direction, that is, the ship width direction orthogonal to the direction of the hull centerline.
【００１４】これを、図３により説明する。図３は、船
体１が風向ｗとθの角度で、セール５は風向ｗに対して
αの迎角に設定され、風上に向かって帆走している状態
を示している。セール５に働く空気力により、セール５
には揚力Ｌおよび抗力Ｄが発生し、Ｌ，Ｄの船体中心線
方向の成分Ｌ1 −Ｄ1 の推進力が船体１に発生する反
面、船幅方向の成分Ｌ2 ＋Ｄ2 の横力が船体に作用す
る。この横力Ｌ2 ＋Ｄ2 によって生じる船体中心線まわ
りのモーメント、および船幅方向への船体１の移動を、
水流によって発生する揚力、および抗力でキャンセル、
船体１の姿勢および帆走方向を保持するのが、本実施例
の安定板６である。This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the hull 1 is set at an angle of wind direction w and θ, and the sail 5 is set at an angle of attack of α with respect to the wind direction w, and sails toward the windward side. Due to the aerodynamic forces acting on sail 5, sail 5
A lift force L and a drag force D are generated on the hull 1 , and the propulsive force of the components L 1 -D 1 of L and D in the hull centerline direction is generated on the hull 1, while the lateral force of the component L 2 + D 2 in the ship width direction is generated. It acts on the hull. The moment around the hull centerline caused by the lateral force L 2 + D 2 and the movement of the hull 1 in the width direction are
Lifting force generated by water flow and cancellation by drag force,
It is the stabilizer 6 of this embodiment that holds the attitude and sailing direction of the hull 1.
【００１５】安定板６は、上述の通り船底２から下方へ
伸びる２枚で構成されており、各々の安定板１に、セー
ル５で発生する横力Ｌ2 ＋Ｄ2 に伴う水流の偏向で、セ
ール５で発生する揚力Ｌと同じ向きの揚力Ｌｗを各々発
生し、セール５によって生じる船体中心線まわりのモー
メントと逆方向のモーメントを発生させ、船体１が横転
するのを防止するとともに、偏向する水流に対し大きな
抵抗体となって船体１の横移動（横流れ）を防止して帆
走方向を保持する。なお、２枚の安定板６は各々揚力Ｌ
ｗを個別に発生するので、従来の片持ち式の安定板の場
合に比較して約１／２の面積のもので良く、表面積が抵
抗増大の要因となる摩擦抵抗を軽減することもできる。The stabilizers 6 are composed of two sheets extending downward from the ship bottom 2 as described above, and each stabilizer 1 is deflected by the water flow caused by the lateral force L 2 + D 2 generated by the sail 5, Lifting forces Lw in the same direction as the lifting force L generated in the sail 5 are generated respectively, and a moment in the opposite direction to the moment about the hull centerline generated by the sail 5 is generated to prevent the hull 1 from rolling over and deflect it. It becomes a large resistance body to the water flow and prevents lateral movement (lateral flow) of the hull 1 and maintains the sailing direction. The two stabilizers 6 have lift L
Since w is generated individually, the surface area is about 1/2 of that in the case of the conventional cantilever type stabilizer, and the frictional resistance that causes the surface area to increase the resistance can be reduced.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】上述したように、本発明の無端型安定板
によれば、特許請求の範囲に示す構成により、従来の片
持ち式安定板で翼端から放出され、抵抗増大の要因とな
っていた大きな渦の発生が殆んど無くなり、また、安定
板全体から放出される渦も、極めて小さいものにするこ
とができるため、安定板における渦抵抗を大幅に低減で
きる。As described above, according to the endless type stabilizer of the present invention, with the structure shown in the claims, the conventional cantilever type stabilizer is discharged from the blade tip and causes a resistance increase. The generation of large vortices that had occurred is almost eliminated, and the vortices emitted from the entire stabilizer can be made extremely small, so that the eddy resistance in the stabilizer can be greatly reduced.
【００１７】また、先端が連結された形態にされること
によって、構造的にも、大幅に強度が増し、安定板の翼
型断面の厚み比を小さくすることができ、形状抵抗の面
からも抵抗減少を達成することができる。Further, since the tips are connected, the strength is structurally significantly increased, the thickness ratio of the airfoil cross section of the stabilizer can be reduced, and the shape resistance is also improved. A drag reduction can be achieved.
【図１】本発明の無端型安定板の第１実施例を示す斜視
図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of an endless stabilizer of the present invention.
【図２】図１の矢視Ａ−Ａの横断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
【図３】帆走時のセールに働く空気力を説明する概略
図。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating aerodynamic forces acting on a sail during sailing.
【図４】従来の船舶安定板を示す斜視図。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a conventional ship stabilizer.
【図５】従来のヨットの安定板を示す斜視図。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a conventional stabilizer for a yacht.
【図６】従来の安定板の渦抵抗低減装置を示す斜視図。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a conventional stabilizer eddy resistance reducing device.
１ 船体 ２ 船底 ３ マスト ４ ステー ５ セール ６ 安定板 ７ 連結部 1 Hull 2 Bottom 3 Mast 4 Stay 5 Sail 6 Stabilizer 7 Connection
Claims (1)
する流体力により船体の航走安定を保持するようにした
安定板において、両端が船体中心線と略平行に船体に固
定され、中央部が船体下方向に突出し、内部に流路を設
けた筒状に形成されていることを特徴とする無端型安定
板。1. A stabilizer which is projected from the hull into the water so as to maintain the running stability of the hull by a fluid force generated during the running, and both ends are fixed to the hull substantially parallel to the center line of the hull, An endless stabilizer having a central portion protruding downward from the hull and having a tubular shape with a flow passage provided inside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30392793A JPH07156870A (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1993-12-03 | Endless stabilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30392793A JPH07156870A (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1993-12-03 | Endless stabilizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07156870A true JPH07156870A (en) | 1995-06-20 |
Family
ID=17926957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30392793A Withdrawn JPH07156870A (en) | 1993-12-03 | 1993-12-03 | Endless stabilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07156870A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7841285B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2010-11-30 | Jonathan Sebastian Howes | Waterborne vessel with loop keel |
-
1993
- 1993-12-03 JP JP30392793A patent/JPH07156870A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7841285B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2010-11-30 | Jonathan Sebastian Howes | Waterborne vessel with loop keel |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20010206 |