JPH07139330A - Diesel particulate filter - Google Patents
Diesel particulate filterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07139330A JPH07139330A JP5311122A JP31112293A JPH07139330A JP H07139330 A JPH07139330 A JP H07139330A JP 5311122 A JP5311122 A JP 5311122A JP 31112293 A JP31112293 A JP 31112293A JP H07139330 A JPH07139330 A JP H07139330A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- voltage
- particulates
- exhaust gas
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はディ−ゼルエンジンの排
気ガスに含まれる粒子状物質を捕集するディ−ゼルパテ
ィキュレ−トフィルタに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diesel particulate filter for collecting particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ディ−ゼルエンジンは燃料となる軽油が
断熱圧縮による高温度の空気中に噴射され、その燃焼が
行われるヘトロジニアス燃焼のため、ガソリンエンジン
に比して一酸化炭素や炭化水素の排出は少ないが、粒子
状物質(パティキュレ−ト)の排出量が多い。2. Description of the Related Art In a diesel engine, light oil as a fuel is injected into high temperature air by adiabatic compression, and the combustion is carried out. Therefore, the diesel engine produces carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons as compared with gasoline engines. Emissions are low, but emissions of particulate matter (particulates) are high.
【0003】このようなパティキュレ−トはエンジンの
燃焼室内で燃焼すべき液滴が未燃焼のまま排気ガス中に
含まれて浮遊しているもので、浮遊するパティキュレ−
トは数μmの大きさであるが、それらが集合して30〜
40μm程度の粒子状に発達する。In such a particulate matter, liquid droplets to be burned are contained in the exhaust gas and floated in the combustion chamber of the engine in an unburned state.
The size is a few μm, but they are 30 to 30
It develops into particles of about 40 μm.
【0004】そしてこの種のパティキュレ−トが大気中
に放出されるのを防止するため、パティキュレ−トフィ
ルタとして例えば30〜40μm程度の細孔を有する素
材によるハニカム状のフィルタを用い、排気ガスを導い
てパティキュレ−トを捕集している。In order to prevent the particulate matter of this kind from being released into the atmosphere, a honeycomb filter made of a material having pores of, for example, about 30 to 40 μm is used as the particulate filter, and exhaust gas is discharged. Guided to collect the particulates.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述のようなパティキ
ュレ−トフィルタは、濾過して捕集するフィルタの細孔
より粒子の細かいパティキュレ−トは通過するため捕集
できず、またフィルタの細孔を小にすると捕集されて堆
積したパティキュレ−トにより短時間に目詰りし、排気
抵抗が上昇するという問題がある。The particulate filter as described above cannot be collected because the particulates having finer particles than the pores of the filter to be collected by filtration pass, and the pores of the filter cannot be collected. If it is set to a small value, there is a problem that the particulates that are collected and accumulated cause clogging in a short time and the exhaust resistance increases.
【0006】本発明はこのような従来の問題を改善しよ
うとするものであり、その目的はパティキュレ−トが帯
電により成長する性質を利用し、粗目のフィルタにより
パティキュレ−トを捕集しようとするディ−ゼルパティ
キュレ−トフィルタを提供することにある。The present invention is intended to solve such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to take advantage of the property that particulates grow by charging, and to collect the particulates by a coarse filter. It is to provide a diesel particulate filter.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
めに本発明によれば、多数の通孔を備えたフィルタ素子
にディ−ゼルエンジンの排気ガスを通過させ、排気ガス
に含まれるパティキュレ−トを捕集し加熱により焼却す
るディ−ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタにおいて、電圧
の印加により静電気の電場を生ぜしめた対面するフィル
タ素子の組を、所定の空間を隔てて排気流路に複数組配
置したディ−ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタが提供され
る。To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, exhaust gas of a diesel engine is passed through a filter element having a large number of through holes, and particulates contained in the exhaust gas are passed through. -In a diesel particulate filter that collects heat and incinerates it by heating, a plurality of sets of facing filter elements that generate an electric field of static electricity by applying a voltage are arranged in the exhaust flow path with a predetermined space. A diesel particulate filter is provided.
【0008】[0008]
【作用】排気ガスの流路には乱流生成場が存在し、この
流れ場では微細なパティキュレ−トは衝突しながら帯電
する性質があり、本発明では電圧を印加した対のフィル
タ板を複数組、空間を隔てて配置したので、フィルタ板
の通孔を通過した微細なパティキュレ−トは帯電による
互いの集合にて大粒子に生長するため容易に捕集され
る。A turbulent flow generation field exists in the flow path of exhaust gas, and in this flow field, fine particulates have a property of being charged while colliding. In the present invention, a plurality of pairs of filter plates to which a voltage is applied are provided. Since the set and the space are arranged apart from each other, the fine particulates that have passed through the through holes of the filter plate are easily collected because they grow into large particles by the mutual aggregation due to charging.
【0009】[0009]
【実施例】つぎに本発明の実施例について図面を用いて
詳細に説明する。図1は本発明にかかるディ−ゼルパテ
ィキュレ−トフィルタ一実施例を示す構成ブロック図で
ある。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of an embodiment of a diesel particulate filter according to the present invention.
【0010】同図における1はフィルタケ−スで、耐蝕
性を有する金属板からなり、その上流および下流方向は
絞られ、排気ガスが導入される上流口11および排気ガ
スが排出される下流口12にそれぞれ連通されており、
フィルタケ−ス1の中央部の内壁には耐熱性を備えた電
気の絶縁体からなるフィルタ素子の保持板13が配置さ
れている。Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is a filter case, which is made of a metal plate having corrosion resistance, is narrowed in its upstream and downstream directions, and has an upstream port 11 into which exhaust gas is introduced and a downstream port 12 from which exhaust gas is discharged. Is connected to each,
A filter element holding plate 13 made of a heat-resistant electric insulator is arranged on the inner wall of the central portion of the filter case 1.
【0011】2は平フィルタで、例えば100μm程度
の多数の通孔を有する金属板からなる一対の平フィルタ
素子21、22が所定の間隔をおいて保持板13に取付
けられており、これらの平フィルタ素子21、22は外
面が絶縁性のあるチタン酸バリウム、チタン酸鉛、アル
ミナやジルコニアなどで薄く被覆され、さらに通電のた
めのリ−ド線がフィルタケ−ス1の外方に引出されてい
る。Reference numeral 2 denotes a flat filter, and a pair of flat filter elements 21 and 22 made of a metal plate having a large number of through holes of, for example, about 100 μm are attached to the holding plate 13 at a predetermined interval. The outer surfaces of the filter elements 21 and 22 are thinly coated with insulative barium titanate, lead titanate, alumina, zirconia, etc., and lead wires for energization are drawn out to the outside of the filter case 1. There is.
【0012】3は段付フィルタで、平フィルタ2の後流
に所定の空間を隔てて配置され、前記の平フィルタ素子
と同様な多孔を有するセラミックコ−ティングの金属板
が連続した波状の段付フィルタ素子31、32として図
示のように形成され、その一対が所定の間隔を隔てて取
付けられており、そのリ−ド線は前記と同様に外方に引
出されている。Reference numeral 3 denotes a stepped filter, which is disposed in the downstream of the flat filter 2 with a predetermined space therebetween and has a corrugated stepped continuous metal plate of ceramic coating having the same porosity as the flat filter element. The attached filter elements 31 and 32 are formed as shown in the figure, and a pair of them are attached at a predetermined interval, and their lead wires are drawn outward similarly to the above.
【0013】4は平フィルタで前述の平フィルタ2と同
種のもので平フィルタ素子41、42を有し、5は段付
フィルタ段付フィルタ3と同種のもので段付フィルタ素
子51、52を有し、それぞれ段付フィルタ3の後流の
空間に順次に配置され、各フィルタ素子からはそれぞれ
リ−ド線が引出されている。Reference numeral 4 is a flat filter which is the same kind as the above-mentioned flat filter 2 and has flat filter elements 41 and 42, and 5 is the same kind as the stepped filter 3 which is stepped filter elements 51 and 52. The stepped filters 3 are sequentially arranged in the space downstream of the stepped filter 3, and lead wires are drawn from the respective filter elements.
【0014】6は切換リレ−で、後述するコントロ−ラ
からの指令により操作されるもので、前記の各フィルタ
素子からのリ−ド線がまとめられて図示のような結線が
行われており、排気ガス中のパティキュレ−トの捕集時
にはそれぞれの一対のフィルタ素子の間に電圧を印加し
て静電気の電界を形成させ、通過するパティキュレ−ト
を帯電させてその集合を促進させるとともに、捕集した
堆積物の焼却時には加熱用の電力が供給されるような切
換制御が行われるものである。A switching relay 6 is operated by a command from a controller, which will be described later. The lead wires from the above-mentioned filter elements are put together and connected as shown in the drawing. At the time of collecting particulates in exhaust gas, a voltage is applied between each pair of filter elements to form an electric field of static electricity, and the passing particulates are charged to accelerate their assembly and to collect them. When burning the collected deposits, switching control is performed so that electric power for heating is supplied.
【0015】つぎに7はコントロ−ラで電子回路や電力
回路を備え、パティキュレ−ト捕集に際してはバッテリ
71からの直流をパルス電流に交換して変圧回路72に
導き、変圧回路72にて昇圧した電圧の脈流を整流回路
73により直流として、切換リレ−6を介して平フィル
タ2、4や段付フィルタ3、5のそれぞれの一対のフィ
ルタ素子に印加するように構成されており、また、堆積
物の焼却に際しては切換操作された切換リレ−6の接点
を通じ、バッテリ71からの加熱用電力をすべてのフィ
ルタ素子に供給して発熱させるものである。Next, a controller 7 is provided with an electronic circuit and a power circuit, and when collecting the particulates, the direct current from the battery 71 is exchanged with a pulse current to lead it to the transformer circuit 72, and the transformer circuit 72 boosts the voltage. The pulsating flow of the generated voltage is applied to the pair of filter elements of the flat filters 2 and 4 and the stepped filters 3 and 5 through the switching relay 6 as a direct current by the rectifying circuit 73, and When the deposit is incinerated, heating power from the battery 71 is supplied to all the filter elements through the contacts of the switching relay 6 that has been switched to generate heat.
【0016】つぎにこのように構成された本実施例の作
動を説明する。ディ−ゼルエンジンの排気流路に本実施
例の上流口11が接続されて排気ガスがフィルタケ−ス
1の流路に導入されると、切換リレ−6が図1に示すよ
うに切換操作されるとともに、コントロ−ラ7はバッテ
リ71からの直流を所定のパルス電流に変換する。そし
て変圧回路72に通じて所定の脈流に昇圧させ、整流回
路73と切換リレ−6を通じ各フィルタのそれぞれのフ
ィルタ素子に供給する。Next, the operation of the present embodiment thus constructed will be described. When the upstream port 11 of this embodiment is connected to the exhaust passage of the diesel engine and the exhaust gas is introduced into the passage of the filter case 1, the switching relay 6 is switched as shown in FIG. At the same time, the controller 7 converts the direct current from the battery 71 into a predetermined pulse current. Then, the voltage is boosted to a predetermined pulsating flow through the transformer circuit 72, and is supplied to each filter element of each filter through the rectifier circuit 73 and the switching relay 6.
【0017】このため、平フィルタ2、4や段付フィル
タ3、5のそれぞれの一対のフィルタ素子間には静電気
の電界が生ずることになり、そのフィルタ素子の有する
通孔を通過した微粒子のパティキュレ−トは一対のフィ
ルタ素子間を通過の際に電界の影響により静電気を帯
び、各フィルタの後流の空間にて微粒子が集合して大き
な粒子に成長する。Therefore, an electrostatic electric field is generated between the pair of filter elements of the flat filters 2 and 4 and the stepped filters 3 and 5, and the particulates that have passed through the through holes of the filter elements are collected. When passing between a pair of filter elements, the static electricity is charged with static electricity due to the effect of an electric field, and the fine particles aggregate in the space behind each filter to grow into large particles.
【0018】したがって、大きく成長したパティキュレ
−トの粒子は次のフィルタの通孔を通過できずに捕集さ
れる。Therefore, the particles of the greatly grown particulates cannot be passed through the through holes of the next filter and are collected.
【0019】このように複数組のフィルタ素子と空間と
を有する本実施例では比較的に粗目の通孔のフィルタに
ても排気ガス中の微粒子のパティキュレ−トが効率よく
捕集されていく事になる。As described above, in the present embodiment having a plurality of sets of filter elements and spaces, the particulates in the exhaust gas can be efficiently collected even by the filter having a relatively coarse through hole. become.
【0020】ついで、時間の経過により捕集されたパテ
ィキュレ−トの堆積によりフィルタの目詰りが進むと、
切換リレ−6は図示の破線の矢印のように切換操作され
るとともに、コントロ−ラ7はパルス電流の通電を止め
てバッテリ71から加熱用の電力を各フィルタ素子に供
給する。Next, when the filter is clogged due to the accumulation of particulates collected over time,
The switching relay 6 is switched as shown by the broken line arrow in the figure, and the controller 7 stops energizing the pulse current and supplies the heating power from the battery 71 to each filter element.
【0021】このため金属板の各フィルタ素子は発熱
し、カ−ボンを主成分とする堆積物は加熱されて焼却さ
れ、フィルタ素子の再生処理が行われて清浄化ができる
ことになる。Therefore, each filter element of the metal plate generates heat, the deposit containing carbon as a main component is heated and incinerated, and the filter element is regenerated and cleaned.
【0022】図2は上述の実施例における段付フィルタ
のそれぞれの段を台形から長方形に変形したもので、こ
のような一対のフィルタ素子は前記のフィルタ素子と同
様に多孔の金属板がセラミックコ−ティングされ、相互
の金属板の絶縁が図られているものである。FIG. 2 shows a stepped filter in the above-described embodiment in which each step is transformed from a trapezoidal shape to a rectangular shape. Such a pair of filter elements has a porous metal plate made of a ceramic material like the above filter elements. -They are insulated and mutually insulated from each other.
【0023】以上、本発明を上述の実施例によって説明
したが、本発明の主旨の範囲内で種々の変形や応用が可
能であり、これらの変形や応用を本発明の範囲から排除
するものではない。Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, various modifications and applications are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and these modifications and applications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention. Absent.
【0024】[0024]
【発明の効果】上述の実施例のように本発明によれば、
粗目の通孔を有する金属板からなるフィルタ素子の一対
を間隔をおいて排気ガス流路に配置し、これらのフィル
タ素子の間に電圧の印加による静電気の電界を生じさせ
るので、該電界を通過する微粒子のパティキュレ−トは
帯電により次の空間にて集合して大粒子に成長するた
め、次段のフィルタ素子により捕集され、このような繰
返えしにより粗目のフィルタ素子でも効率よくパティキ
ュレ−トが捕集できるという効果が得られ、またフィル
タ素材が金属板のため堆積物の焼却時は直接に加熱用の
電力が通電できるという利点がある。According to the present invention as in the above embodiments,
A pair of filter elements made of a metal plate having coarse through holes are arranged at intervals in the exhaust gas flow path, and an electrostatic electric field is generated between these filter elements by application of a voltage, so that the electric field is passed through. The particulates that collect are gathered in the next space by charging and grow into large particles, so that they are collected by the filter element in the next stage, and due to such repetition, the particulates can be efficiently used even in a coarse filter element. -There is an advantage in that the electric power for heating can be directly supplied when the deposit is incinerated because the filter material is a metal plate.
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す構成ブロック図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本実施例の段付フィルタ板の変形例の説明図で
ある。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the stepped filter plate of the present embodiment.
1…フィルタケ−ス 2、4…平フィルタ 3、5…段付フィルタ 6…切換リレ− 7…コントロ−ラ 1 ... Filter case 2, 4 ... Flat filter 3, 5 ... Stepped filter 6 ... Switching relay 7 ... Controller
Claims (4)
ゼルエンジンの排気ガスを通過させ、排気ガスに含まれ
るパティキュレ−トを捕集し加熱により焼却するディ−
ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタにおいて、前記のフィル
タ素子にセラミックスを被覆した金属板を用い間隔を隔
てて対面させて電圧の印加により静電気の電場を生ずる
フィルタ素子の組を、排気流路に複数組、所定の空間を
隔てて順次に配置せしめ、パティキュレ−トの捕集時に
は前記のフィルタ素子に電圧を印加するとともに、捕集
後は加熱用電力に切換えて通電制御することを特徴とす
るディ−ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタ。1. A filter element provided with a large number of through holes.
A diesel engine that allows exhaust gas from a diesel engine to pass through, collects particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, and incinerates it by heating.
In the zer particulate filter, a plurality of sets of filter elements, which are opposed to each other at a distance using a metal plate coated with ceramics on the filter elements and generate an electric field of static electricity by applying a voltage, are provided in an exhaust passage, and a predetermined number of sets are provided. The diesel particulates are characterized by sequentially arranging them with spaces in between and applying a voltage to the filter element at the time of collecting the particulates, and switching to the heating power after the collection to control the energization. filter.
チタン酸鉛、アルミナ、ジルコニアのいずれかが用いら
れていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のディ−ゼルパ
ティキュレ−トフィルタ。2. The ceramic is barium titanate,
2. The diesel particulate filter according to claim 1, wherein any one of lead titanate, alumina and zirconia is used.
平フィルタ板の組と段付フィルタ板の組とが混在してお
り、該段付フィルタ板の組はその断面形状が台形、長方
形が連続しているフィルタ板が一対に組合わされている
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のディ−ゼルパティキュ
レ−トフィルタ。3. A plurality of sets of the above-mentioned filter elements have a mixed shape of a set of flat filter plates and a set of stepped filter plates, and the set of the stepped filter plates have a trapezoidal or rectangular cross-sectional shape. 2. The diesel particulate filter according to claim 1, wherein a pair of continuous filter plates are combined.
電圧印加と、加熱用電力とを切換える通電切換機構を有
することを特徴とする請求項1記載のディ−ゼルパティ
キュレ−トフィルタ。4. The diesel particulate filter according to claim 1, further comprising an energization switching mechanism for switching between application of a voltage for electrostatic electric field to said filter element and heating power.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP05311122A JP3129591B2 (en) | 1993-11-17 | 1993-11-17 | Diesel Particulate Filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP05311122A JP3129591B2 (en) | 1993-11-17 | 1993-11-17 | Diesel Particulate Filter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07139330A true JPH07139330A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
JP3129591B2 JP3129591B2 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
Family
ID=18013408
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP05311122A Expired - Fee Related JP3129591B2 (en) | 1993-11-17 | 1993-11-17 | Diesel Particulate Filter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3129591B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2020235111A1 (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-26 |
-
1993
- 1993-11-17 JP JP05311122A patent/JP3129591B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2020235111A1 (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-26 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3129591B2 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
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