JPH0712918A - Gps surveying system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a GPS surveying system which enables quick surveying with one receiver. CONSTITUTION:As for a GPS receiver 10 to be set securely. the coordinates of the position at which it is set is determined accurately and the receiver is fixed at the position semi-permanently to receive radio waves from a plurality of satellites receivable at the point ceaselessly for a long time of period. The other GPS receiver 12 is located within an service area where the GPS receiver 10 is set and a coordinate of a position is set at a unknown point. The GPS receiver 10 set securely has a GPS receiver 10a, a first arithmetic processor 10b, a transmission side modem 10c and a telephone set 10d. A GPS receiver 12 set at a surveying point has a GPS receiver 12a. a second arithmetic processor 12b. a reception side modem 12c and a telephone set 12d. The telephone set 10d on the side of a fixed station is connected to the telephone set 12d on the side of a moving station through a private or an ordinary public circuit.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a GPS survey system used for relative survey such as stationary survey and kinematic survey.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A survey using a GPS system is known. In this type of survey, radio waves transmitted from a plurality of (four or more) satellites are received by a plurality of GPS receivers at the same time, The phase difference of the radio waves received between the GPS receivers is obtained by arithmetic processing, and the distance and azimuth between points on the earth are measured based on this phase difference. GP like this
In surveying using the S system, there are two points, known and unknown.
GPS receivers are installed at each point, and there are relative surveys where two receivers receive radio waves at the same time.
Stationary surveying with GPS receivers installed at two points for about two hours respectively, and one GPS receiver fixedly installed at a known point, and the other GPS receiver is sequentially moved to the measurement point. A method known as tick surveying is known.

However, the relative survey system using such a conventional GPS receiver has the technical problems described below.

[0004]

That is, the conventional relative surveying system described above requires at least two GPS receivers having the signal processing unit and the control unit having exactly the same configuration, and the surveying system with such a surveying system is required. However, there has been a problem that the end user must purchase two or more GPS receivers without fail, which imposes a huge financial burden.

In relative surveying, one G
Since it is necessary to install a PS receiver at a known point, it is quite difficult to accurately identify this known point, and complicated work is involved. However, in the conventional surveying system, such work is required every time the surveying site is different. Was repeated, and it became a factor that greatly excluded the speed of surveying. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to enable an end user to perform a survey by purchasing one receiving device and to receive GPS reception at a known point. It is an object to provide a GPS surveying system that does not require complicated work for installing a machine and enables rapid surveying.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses at least a pair of GPS receivers for receiving radio waves emitted from a plurality of satellites,
The receivers are installed at different points, and based on the phase difference of the received radio waves received at the same time by the GPS receiver,
In the GPS surveying system that measures the distance and direction between the points, one of the GPS receivers is fixedly installed at a point whose position coordinates are known, and forms a fixed station. A plurality of GPS receivers are provided for each predetermined service area, continuously receive radio waves from the plurality of satellites, and create fixed station positioning information from the received radio waves. Is a mobile station that is installed at a position whose position coordinates are unknown, and that receives the fixed station positioning information during or after the measurement, and the mobile station based on the received radio wave received by the GPS receiver itself. It is characterized in that the coordinate value of the unknown point is obtained from the positioning information and the fixed station positioning information.

In the GPS surveying system, the fixed station positioning information is digital information created by the GPS receiving device, and the fixed station positioning information is sent to the public line by the GPS receiving device installed on the mobile station side. It is possible to obtain the coordinate value of the unknown point based on the received fixed station positioning information and the received mobile station positioning information.

[0008]

According to the GPS surveying system having the above configuration, if the GPS receiving device on the mobile station side is installed in the service area of the fixed station and the mobile station positioning information is measured, the fixed station positioning information at the same time is fixed. Since the measurement is performed on the station side, the coordinate value of the mobile station can be obtained from these positioning information. In this case, when the fixed station positioning information is received from the fixed station side during the measurement on the mobile station side, the coordinate value of the mobile station is obtained in real time at the measurement site.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the fixed station positioning information can be received on the mobile station side by using the existing public line.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a GPS surveying system according to the present invention. The GPS surveying system shown in the figure uses two GPS receivers 10 and 12, and these GPS receivers 10 and 12 are used.
GPS receivers 10, 12 at different points.
Then, the radio waves transmitted from a plurality of satellites S (S _{1 to} S ₄ ) are received at the same time, and the distance and the direction between the points are obtained based on the phase difference of the received radio waves.

FIG. 1 shows the installation state of the GPS receivers 10 and 12 in the relative survey as described above. One GPS receiver 10 is fixed at a point A where the position coordinates X _s and Y _s are known. It will be installed and used as a fixed station. Although such a fixed station varies depending on the performance of the GPS receiving device 10, in actual operation, if the GPS receiving device 10 receives the L ₁ signal which is generally open, the radius is about 20 km. Set up the service area of and install multiple.

The GPS receiver 10 fixedly installed on the fixed station side has its position coordinates X _s and Y _s accurately determined, and is fixed semipermanently at that position and received at this point A. Radio waves from a plurality of possible satellites S are continuously received for a long period without interruption. The other GPS receiver 12 constitutes a mobile station, and is installed in a service area of the fixed station in which the GPS receiver 10 is installed, at a position B where the position coordinates X _n and Y _n are unknown. To be done.

Details of the GPS receivers 10 and 12 are shown in FIG.
3 shows. The GPS receiver 10 installed on the fixed station side includes a GPS receiver 10a and a first arithmetic processing unit 10
b, and a transmission side modem 10c and a telephone 10d. The GPS receiver 12 installed on the mobile station side
It has a GPS receiver 12a, a second arithmetic processing unit 12b, a receiving side modem 12c, and a telephone 12d, and the fixed station side telephone 10d and the mobile station side telephone 12d are
It is connected via a dedicated or general public line.

The first arithmetic processing unit 10b is a communication control program for exchanging data via a public line, and the modem 10
c, the telephone 10d is controlled. The second processing unit 12b receives the positioning information for the control and fixed station and a mobile station modem 12c and telephones 12d, determine the coordinate values X _n, Y _n of the unknown point B by orbital calculation program, and this The distance and direction between the points are calculated from the position coordinates X _s , Y _{s of the} known point A.

FIG. 3 shows the GPS of the GPS receivers 10 and 12.
It is a functional block diagram of the receiving device 10a, 12a, each G
The PS receivers 10 a and 12 a include a microstrip type antenna 20, a low noise amplifier 21 connected to the antenna 20, a radio signal received from the satellite S amplified by the amplifier 21, and an output from the local oscillator 22. Mixer 23 for mixing with a signal and converting it to a predetermined carrier frequency
And an intermediate frequency amplifier 2 for amplifying the output signal of the mixer 23
4 and D.4 connected to the output side of the amplifier 24. S. P (Di
The digital signal processor) 25 and the control unit 26.

D. S. P25 receives the output signal of the intermediate frequency amplifier 25 and converts the analog signal into a digital signal. More specifically, P25 counts the carrier wave phase of the radio wave signal transmitted from the satellite S and In addition to converting to carrier wave phase data, orbital element information is extracted from the same radio wave signal and converted to digitized orbital element data, and further, transmission time information is extracted from the same radio wave signal and digitalized. Convert to converted time data.

The control unit 26 is specifically composed of a microcomputer, and includes a D.I. S. The carrier phase data, orbital element data, and time data from P25 are received, the carrier wave phase data is made continuous, the orbital element data is formatted, and the time data is calculated, and each of these data is used as positioning information in a predetermined format. It is stored internally or in an external storage device such as a memory card. The positioning information on the fixed station side includes satellite numbers, position coordinates X _s , Y of the known point A.
_s , time data and carrier phase wave data for each satellite are sufficient, and orbital element data is not always necessary.

Next, a method of surveying by the surveying system having the above configuration will be described. In the survey by the system of the present embodiment, when the position coordinates X _n and Y _n of the unknown point B are to be obtained, the GPS receiving device 12 on the mobile station side is installed at the unknown point B, and a plurality of satellites S are installed. Measurement can be performed by receiving the radio wave from the antenna 20 of the GPS receiver 12a and obtaining digitized positioning information (carrier wave phase data, orbital element data, time data).

That is, in the surveying system of this embodiment,
The GPS receiver 10 on the fixed station side has its position coordinates X _s ,
The GPS receiver 10 is installed in advance at a known point A where Y _s is accurately calculated, and receives radio waves from a plurality of satellites S.
The positioning information (carrier wave phase data, orbit element data, time data) received by the antenna 20 of a and digitized is continuously stored in the storage device.

Therefore, the positioning information at the known point A is the positioning information on the fixed station side at the time received by the GPS receiving apparatus 12 via the public line during or after the measurement by the GPS receiving apparatus 12 on the mobile station side. If it is taken into the second arithmetic processing unit 12b, the unknown point B
The position coordinates X _n , Y _n of In this case, GPS
If positioning information on the fixed station side is obtained during measurement of the receiving device 12,
The position coordinates X _n , Y _{n of the} unknown point B are immediately obtained at the measurement site, and the survey can be performed in real time. Regarding the selection of the fixed station for the unknown point B, for example, when the service areas of the fixed stations are close to or overlap with each other, the fixed stations having a short linear distance are selected. Also,
In the above embodiment, the case where the positioning information is transmitted and received between the fixed station and the mobile station by using the public line has been illustrated, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this, and the radio wave from the fixed station is used. It is also possible to exchange the positioning information. Further, the first and second arithmetic processing units 10b shown in FIG.
12b is a control unit 26 of each GPS receiver 10a, 12a.
It is also possible to use both of them and omit either one of them.

[0021]

As described above in detail in the embodiments,
According to the GPS surveying system of the present invention, an end user can survey an unknown point by purchasing one GPS receiver. Further, in the system of the present invention, since fixed stations installed at known points do not need to be changed once installed, it is not necessary to install fixed stations every time the surveying points differ, and the surveying procedure is extremely difficult. To be easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a measurement state of a GPS surveying system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an overall configuration of a GPS surveying system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the GPS receiver shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 GPS Receiver (Fixed Station) 12 GPS Receiver (Mobile Station) 10a GPS Receiver 10b First Arithmetic Processor 10c Modem 10d Telephone 12a GPS Receiver 12b Second Arithmetic Processor 12c Modem 12d Telephone

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A GPS receiver comprising at least a pair of GPS receivers for receiving radio waves transmitted from a plurality of satellites.
The receivers are installed at different points, and based on the phase difference of the received radio waves received at the same time by the GPS receiver,
In the GPS surveying system for measuring the distance or direction between the points, one of the GPS receivers is fixedly installed at a point whose position coordinates are known, and the fixed station is a fixed station. A plurality of GPS receivers are provided for each predetermined service area, continuously receive radio waves from the plurality of satellites without interruption, and create fixed station positioning information from the received radio waves. Is a mobile station that is installed at a position whose position coordinates are unknown, and that receives the fixed station positioning information during or after the measurement, and the mobile station based on the received radio wave received by the GPS receiver itself. A GPS surveying system, wherein coordinate values of the unknown point are obtained from positioning information and the fixed station positioning information. 2. The fixed station positioning information is digital information created by the GPS receiving apparatus, and the GPS receiving apparatus installed on the mobile station side transmits the fixed station positioning information via a public line. Received, based on the received fixed station positioning information and the digitized mobile station positioning information,
The GPS surveying system according to claim 1, wherein the coordinate value of the unknown point is obtained.