JPH0712743Y2 - Sprag type one-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a sprag-type one-way clutch, and more particularly to a retainer for a sprag-type one-way clutch.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in particular, a sprag-type one-way clutch having a gourd-shaped sprag (hereinafter referred to as “OW”).
C. "is abbreviated. In (), in order to hold the sprag, a window, that is, a through hole is provided in the metal cage, and the sprag is inserted therein.

Since the through hole is slightly larger than the circumferential and axial dimensions of the sprag, the sprag could easily pass through the through hole. For this reason, it is convenient for the assembling, but there is a problem that the assembled sprag may come off the retainer.

Therefore, as one method of solving this problem, since a retainer and a sprag are not sufficient, a spring member such as a ribbon spring having a relatively special shape and manufactured from a special material is used. The sprag was prevented from falling off.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, this spring member has a main function of giving a rising moment to the sprag in a direction in which the sprag engages with the inner ring and the outer ring. The sprag can be removed from the retainer by flexing the member.

In other words, conventional OWCs can cause sprags to disengage or fall out of the retainer. This is
When assembling, packing, moving (transporting, etc.) the OWC and assembling it to the machine, the sprag may fall off from the cage.
This means that there are major drawbacks in that handling is time-consuming and expensive, and costs rise.

Further, since the retainer and the sprag cannot be assembled so as not to be separated from each other, there is another drawback that the drag torque required for OWC cannot be arbitrarily set.

It seems that the above-mentioned drawbacks can be solved by increasing the force of the spring member to prevent the sprags from falling off, but with this configuration, the drag torque of the OWC unnecessarily increases, so the track surface and Abnormal wear occurs on the contact surface of the sprag, which reduces the efficiency of the machine, so that such a configuration cannot be practically used.

From the above, the purpose of the present invention is that the handling including assembly is easy, the quality can be guaranteed, and the product cost can be reduced.
It is to provide a sprag type one-way clutch with improved performance and efficiency.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the inventor of the present invention tried to consider the shape and size of the through hole and the sprag of the cage, and found the following results. Obtained.

Generally, the movement of OWC corresponds to the movement from the time of idling to the time of meshing (when a load torque is applied). That is, the amount of movement of the OWC sprag is the amount of movement from the time of idling to the time of meshing plus the allowable value of eccentricity between the axes,
At the same time, it is also the maximum amount of movement of the sprag.

It has been found that the circumferential width of the through hole of the cage can be set arbitrarily if the movement of the sprag is not restricted within the movement range of the sprag.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the OWC, and the actual positional relationship is slightly exaggerated in order to explain the movements of the retainer and the sprag in an easily understandable manner.

The sprag 1 has a roughly cross-section in the axial direction, and has maximum circumferential widths (at the time of rising) A and B (usually A≈B) at both ends in contact with the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5, The central portion is connected to the constricted portion, and the circumferential width D of the constricted portion is the smallest circumferential width of the sprag 1.

The cage 2 has a through hole 3 in the radial direction.
The circumferential width of is represented by C.

The sprag 1 takes a position shown by a solid line when idling, and takes a position shown by a broken line when engaging (locking). At this time, the width C is sufficiently larger than the width D. Therefore, even if the width C is set to be slightly smaller than the widths A and B, the sprag 1 can move within the through hole 3 within the above-described movement range almost freely. Yes, the functionality of OWC is not compromised.

Therefore, if the widths are in a mutual relationship of A, B <C and D << C, the cross-sectional shape of the sprag and the size of the through hole of the cage can be set arbitrarily.

From the above, the OWC of the present invention is provided with the first and second rotating members which are radially separated from each other, are concentrically arranged so as to be rotatable relative to each other, and have the annular raceway surfaces extending in the axial direction. A sprag-type one-way clutch comprising a sprag arranged to transmit torque between the raceways and an annular cage having radial through holes for holding the sprag evenly in the circumference. Are first and second end portions that respectively engage with the raceway surfaces of the first and second rotating members, and the first and second end portions.
Between the end portions of the through hole and a constricted portion constricted in the circumferential direction, and at least a part of the through hole has a circumferential width of the first hole.
And a width that is smaller than the maximum circumferential width of the second end portion and is sufficiently larger than the circumferential width of the constricted portion.

According to this structure, after the sprag is assembled to the cage, the first and second ends of the sprag cannot pass through the through hole, so that the sprag does not drop from the cage.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals.

10 and 11 show a sprag type OW having a double retainer.
It is a figure explaining the general structure of C.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the OWC 100 cut in the axial direction. First
The rotating member, that is, the outer ring 4 has an inner peripheral surface serving as a raceway surface 4a. The second rotating member, that is, the inner ring 5 is the outer ring 4
It is concentrically arranged inside and has a raceway surface 5a on its outer peripheral surface. As a result of this configuration, the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5 are separated from each other by raceway surfaces 4a and 5a.
And are opposed to each other so that they can rotate relative to each other.

In an annular space defined by the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5, a torque transmitting member for transmitting torque therebetween, that is, a spur 1 having a substantially rattan shape is arranged at equal intervals around the circumference, and torque between the inner and outer rings is increased. Is transmitted. The sprag 1 is held in a substantially rectangular window provided in each of a pair of annular cages 2. A spring member, that is, a ribbon spring 50 is arranged between the both cages, and gives the sprag 1 a rising moment in a direction to engage with the inner ring and the outer ring.

Next, each example will be described. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3. 1a
The drawing is a plan view of the cage 2. The cage 2 has an annular flange 6 having a radial end portion that rotatably contacts an outer ring (not shown), and is integrally and substantially perpendicular to the annular flange 6. It is composed of a cylindrical portion 10 extending in the axial direction and an annular disk 7 separate from them. This configuration is well shown in FIG. 1b, which is a sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 1a. In the cylindrical portion 10 of the retainer 2, a plurality of tabs 8 each having a short projection 8a extending in the axial direction at the axial end facing the flange 6 are arranged in a ring at a predetermined interval C. Therefore, a plurality of through holes, that is, openings 3 are formed between the tabs 8. Although the opening 3 into which the sprag is inserted has a substantially rectangular shape that is long in the axial direction,
A notch 9 is provided in part. The notch 9 is provided for attaching a spring member (not shown) such as a ribbon spring.

Some tabs 8 have a protrusion 8b longer than the protrusion 8a,
The number of the protrusions 8b may be at least three evenly divided around the circumference. The annular disk 7 is provided with a plurality of axially penetrating holes 7a corresponding to the intervals and numbers of the projections 8a or 8b.

Here, the shape and dimensions of the sprags commonly inserted in the cages of the respective embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described. The sprag 1 shown in FIG. 3 has a substantially cross-section in a cross section, and when it is inserted into a cage, the maximum width in the circumferential direction is represented by widths A and B, where A≈B, The minimum width is represented by the width D of the constricted portion 1a. The axial width E is sufficiently longer than the widths A and B. In the sprag 1 having this structure, the constricted portion 1a is usually inserted and held in the opening of the cage, that is, the window, and the sprag 1 comes into contact with the inner and outer rings at the ends having the maximum widths A and B, respectively.

Next, a process of inserting the sprag 1 into the cage 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1a, the cage opening 3 has a minimum width C in the circumferential direction. This width C is set to be larger than the width D of the sprag 1 and smaller than the widths A and B. is there.

In order to insert the sprag 1 into the retainer 2, the width E direction of the sprag 1 is parallel to the direction of the arrow and the constricted portion is formed in the direction of the arrow.
1a is moved with respect to the opening 3. When the sprag 1 is completely in the opening 3, the width A or B is larger than the width C even if the sprag 1 is released from the hand, so that the sprag 1 does not drop out from the opening 3. Then, the disk 1 is aligned with the hole 7a and the protrusions 8a and 8b of the tab 8 and assembled in the arrow direction (axial direction) so as to fit these protrusions into the hole 7a. At this time, the tip of each protrusion is processed to have a rounded shape so that the protrusions 8a and 8b can be easily fitted into the hole 7a.

In the state where the disk 7 is attached to the cylindrical portion of the cage 2,
The longer projection 8b penetrates the hole 7a of the disk 7, and its tip projects further in the axial direction than the end surface of the disk 7. Therefore, when this tip is dipped by caulking or pressing, the disk 7 is It is completely fixed to the cylindrical portion 10. As a result, the cage 2 is integrated and the opening 3 becomes one window, and the sprag 1 is retained therein without dropping.

As described above, if the number of the longer projections 8b is equal to or more than 3 in the circumference, it is possible to sufficiently fix the projections. The cage 2 after mounting is shown in Figures 2a and 2b (although sprags are omitted).

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b. Unlike the case of the first embodiment, the cage 2 of the second embodiment is integrally formed. The configurations and shapes of the flange 6, the opening 3 and the like are almost the same as those in the first embodiment. However, there is a considerable difference in the shape of the tab 8.

There is no annular disk 7 in the first embodiment, and the end portion 18C of the tab 18 opposite to the flange 6 extends in the circumferential direction to define the opening 3. The end portion 18C has, at both ends extending in the circumferential direction, a projection portion 18a projecting in the circumferential direction and a substantially rectangular recess 18b cut out in the circumferential direction.

The retainer 2 is normally in the state shown in FIG. 4b before attaching the sprag 1. In this state, the protrusion 18a is fitted in the recess 18b.

To attach the sprag 1 to the opening 3,
With the fulcrum 19 as the fulcrum, the flange 6 is bent in a direction in which the protrusion 18a and the recess 18b are separated from each other. The sprag 1 may be from the axial direction, but rather, it may be inserted from below the opening 3 as seen in FIG. 4a. When the constricted portion of the sprag 1 enters the plane of the opening 3, the flange 6 is folded back and the retainer 2 moves to the first position.
The state shown in Fig. 4b is obtained (sprag 1 is omitted).

Also in the second embodiment, the minimum circumferential width C of the opening 3 is set to be sufficiently larger than the width D of the constricted portion of the sprag 1 and smaller than the widths A and B. In the second embodiment, since bending stress is applied to a part of the flange 6, it is necessary to use an appropriate material for the cage, and preferably a hard plastic or the like having relatively elasticity is preferable. In addition, it is preferable that the tip of the protruding portion 18a has a rounded shape in order to facilitate fitting with the recessed portion 18b.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5a and 5b.

In the third embodiment, the circumferential width C'of the opening 3 of the cage 20 is set to be the same as or slightly larger than the width D of the constricted portion of the sprag 1 (see FIG. 3). With the sprag 1 inserted into the opening 3 and the constricted portion 1a of the sprag 1 is arranged in the plane of the opening 3, the outer peripheral surface of the cage 20 is swaged at two circumferential edges of the opening 3. Provide portions 21a and 21b (see Figure 5a).

When the retainer 20 is radially crimped at two locations, the crimped portion 21a defines a recess and a circumferentially projecting projection 22 in the opening 3 as shown in FIG. 5b. The same applies to the crimped portion 21b. Therefore, after crimping, two protrusions are defined in the opening 3.

As is apparent from FIG. 5b, the width of the opening 3 in the circumferential direction is initially C ', but after crimping, there is a short portion having a width corresponding to the two projections protruding into the opening 3. Since the width C of this portion is set sufficiently larger than the width D of the constricted portion of the sprag 1 and smaller than the circumferential maximum widths A and B of the sprag 1, the sprag 1 is fixed to the retainer 20 after the crimping is completed. It does not fall off the opening 3.

In the case of crimping the crimped portion, it is convenient to form the opening of the retainer 20 as shown in FIG. 6 which is a sectional view taken along the line ZZ of FIG. 5a. If the cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is swaged in the direction of the arrow, the swaging effect on the step portions 31, 32 and 33 is further improved. Further, the number of crimped portions is not limited to two and may be any other number. However, when using only one, the axial length of the crimped portion must be appropriately increased.

Further, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9.

If the circumferential width of the opening of the cage is set smaller than the maximum circumferential widths A and B of the sprag 1, the sprag 1
It is impossible to insert into the opening as it is and to assemble it, and in order to realize this, it is necessary to take the configuration shown in the first or second embodiment.

However, if the cage is made of a suitable material that is elastically or plastically deformed and the cage or sprag is appropriately processed, assembly by pressure insertion is also possible. Therefore, the fourth embodiment has such a configuration.

As shown in FIG. 8, the circumferential width F of the opening 45 of the cage 40 is
Is set smaller than the maximum circumferential widths A and B of the sprag 1 by a width G. The width G corresponds to a strain component expanded by elastically deforming or elastically deforming the opening 45 in the circumferential direction by the sprag 1 when the sprag 1 is press-inserted into the opening 45. In other words, in the fourth embodiment, the circumferential width of the opening 45 of the cage 40 is the maximum circumferential width A, B of the sprag 1 minus the strain width, ie, G.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, in order to facilitate the assembling of the sprag 1 into the opening of the cage 40, as shown in FIG.
A cage is provided on each of the opposite edges of the opening 45 of the 40 in the circumferential direction.
Tapered portions 41 and 42 are provided that are inclined from the outer surface of 40 to a substantially middle portion in the thickness direction. This tapered portion 41 and 42
Is preferably provided along the entire axial length of the circumferential edge of the opening 45.

Also, without changing the cross-sectional shape of the circumferential edge of the opening 45,
A taper portion may be provided on the sprag 1. As shown in FIG. 8, tapered portions 43 and 44 are provided on both edges of the end of the sprag 1 in the insertion direction. The insertion direction of the sprag 1 is from top to bottom as viewed in the drawings in both FIGS. 7 and 8.

With this configuration, when the sprag is pressure-inserted,
Excessive force is not applied to the sprag 1 and the cage 40. Also, since the maximum circumferential widths A and B of the sprag 1 are set to be larger than the width F of the opening 45 of the cage 40 by the width G, the sprag 1 should be removed from the opening 45 after insertion and assembly. There is no.

It goes without saying that the length, inclination, etc. of the tapered portion can be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the ease of insertion or the strength of the cage 40. Also in the fourth embodiment, the width D of the constricted portion of the sprag 1 is of course sufficiently smaller than the width F of the opening 45.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The widths in the circumferential direction of the sprags and the cage opening have been a problem in the first to fourth embodiments, but the width in the axial direction is a problem here. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, when considering the required movement amount of the sprag, there is a portion where the movement amount is relatively small. Although this point has already been described in the circumferential direction, the same can be said for the axial direction of the cage.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line TT of FIG. 12, in which the axial width C ″ of the opening 3 of the cage 2 is slightly larger than the axial minimum width D ′ of the sprag 1. The axial width of both ends of the sprag 1 in the radial direction is set to be smaller than the maximum axial widths A'and B '.
A region 1d having a minimum width in the axial direction 1c is continuous via a step portion 1b. The widths A ′ and B ′ are preferably set to have substantially the same size.

If the opening of the cage 2 and the width of the sprag 1 are set with such dimensions, the sprag 1 will not fall off after assembly.
However, the radial width F ′ (thickness) of the cage 2
Is sufficiently smaller than the radial width E'of the region 1d having the minimum axial width of the sprag 1. This is because the movement of the sprag 1 is not restricted, that is, the movement of the one-way clutch is not restricted.

A specific assembling method in the fifth embodiment will be described below. However, since the assembling methods in the first to fourth embodiments can be used as they are, two assembling methods will be specifically exemplified.

FIGS. 14a and 14b and FIGS. 15a and 15b apply the assembly method of the first embodiment as it is. However, it is different in that the disk 7 is provided with an axial projection 7b. This protrusion 7b is for making the axial width of the opening 3 of the cage 2 smaller than the axial width of the sprag after the cage is assembled, as shown in FIG. 15a. Therefore,
After assembly, the sprag 1 will not fall out of the cage. The fixing of the cage 2 after assembling is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

Further, FIG. 16 shows an assembling method by a caulking method, which is almost the same as that of the third embodiment. However, here, the crimp portions 61a and 61b are provided on both axial edges of the retainer 60. Therefore, after crimping, the sprag does not drop out from the opening 3 of the cage 60.

Although the fifth embodiment has been described with respect to the two assembling methods, it goes without saying that the assembling methods of the omitted second and fourth embodiments can be similarly applied.

It goes without saying that various modifications and changes can be made to the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention described above.

For example, it can be applied to OWC having inner and outer retainers. In this case, either the inner cage or the outer cage has the above-described structure. Further, both the cages may have the structure shown in each of the embodiments, in which case the sprags are prevented from slipping between the inner and outer cages, and the pop-out of the sprags can be prevented.

(Effect of Device) The above-described sprag type OWC of the present invention has the following effects.

(A) Since the sprags do not fall off easily after the OWC is assembled, handling is easy and product quality can be improved.

(B) Costs required for handling (packing, transporting, assembling) in the past can be reduced, and the product cost can be reduced.

(C) After assembly, the cage and sprag do not separate, so
Since the drag torque required for OWC can be set to a value that is close to the conditions of use, the overall performance of OWC is improved and the efficiency of the assembly machine is also improved.

(D) Since the retainer and the sprag are not separated from each other, the required spring member only has to have a function of giving drag torque, so that the shape can be simplified and an inexpensive material can be used. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(E) When applied to the OWC of the double retainer, it is possible to prevent the so-called pop-out phenomenon in which the sprag is caught between the inner and outer retainers.

[Brief description of drawings]

1a is a plan view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1b is a sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 1a, and FIG. 2a is a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the cage after assembly in Fig. 2, Fig. 2b is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow Y-Y in Fig. 2a, and Fig. 3 is a sprag used in each embodiment of the present invention. 4a and 4b are second and third perspective views respectively showing before and after assembling.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the embodiment, Fig. 5a is a perspective view showing the third embodiment, Fig. 5b is an axial sectional view showing a state after caulking, and Fig. 6 is a third view. Fig. 5a, Z-, showing the crimping process of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow Z, FIGS. 7 and 8 are axial sectional views showing the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view showing the relationship between the sprag, the cage, and the inner and outer rings. It is a figure. FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the OWC, FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view of the OWC in the radial direction of FIG. 10, and FIGS. 12 and 13 show the present invention. FIGS. 14a and b, FIGS. 15a and 15b, and FIG. 16 are views for explaining the assembly of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols of main parts] 1 ... sprag 2 ... retainer 3 ... opening 4 ... outer ring 5 ... inner ring A, B, D ... circumferential width of sprag C, C ', F ... opening Circumferential width of

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A first rotating member and a second rotating member which are spaced apart in a radial direction and are concentrically arranged so as to be rotatable relative to each other, and have an annular raceway surface extending in an axial direction, and the raceway arranged between them. The first and second end portions that transmit torque between the surfaces and engage with the raceway surfaces of the first and second rotating members, respectively, are provided between the first and second end portions, and the first and second end portions are provided. An annular retainer having a constriction portion having a portion having a circumferential width smaller than that of the first and second end portions, and a radial through hole for holding the sprag in a circumferentially even portion. And a ring-shaped spring member that engages with the sprag and gives a rising moment to the sprag so that the raceway surfaces of the first and second rotating members and the sprag engage with each other. , The circumferential width of the through hole At least a portion of which is less than the circumferential maximum width of the first and second ends of the sprag and is sufficiently greater than the circumferential width of the portion of the waist.
The constricted portion of the sprag is held in the through hole, and the sprag is housed in the through hole of the cage, so that the peripheral wall surface of the through hole can be opened freely. . 2. The utility model registration claim according to claim 1, wherein the cage is composed of two separate members, and the peripheral wall surface of the through hole is opened when the separate two members are separated from each other. The sprag type one-way clutch described in the item. 3. The retainer has a separating portion at one edge portion in the axial direction, and by deforming the other edge portion in the axial direction of the retainer, the separating portion is separated and the through hole The sprag type one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral wall surface is opened.