JPH07126103A - Spray oil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a spray oil composition so designed as to compatibilize a reciprocal relationship between its transpiration within a certain period after sprayed and its no intrusion through the stomata into the leaves. CONSTITUTION:The composition can be obtained by incorporating (A) a spray oil <=100 SUS in the viscosity at 100 deg.F with (B) a polymer prepared by polymerizing a >=4C monomer at such amounts as not to virtually cause chemical injury and as to be smaller than that of the component A. The component B, which is >=1500 SUS in the viscosity at 210 deg.F, can be prepared by polymerizing a >=4C monomer having iso structure with large side chain alkyl group (e.g. a polyolefin, polymethacrylate, diene polymer, alkylstyrene polymer). When this composition is to be used as an emulsion prepared by diluting it with water using an emulsifier, it is preferable that the polymer concentration in the emulsion be <=1/500, esp. <=1/1000.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to reduction of phytotoxicity of spray oil used for the purpose of insecticidal, sterilizing, weeding, etc. by spraying on agricultural products such as fruit trees.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, petroleum-based oils are often applied as a herbicide by means of spraying for controlling pests and diseases of fruit trees and other crops, or as a herbicide. Widely used in.

The development of spray oil has hitherto been, as the name of pesticide machine oil indicates, generally used machine oil was initially used for pest control of agricultural products, but this contains aromatic hydrocarbons, and The use of high boiling oils often caused serious phytotoxicity to the applied crops, which severely limited their application. After that, many researchers revealed the following facts. That is,

(1) Aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated compounds are harmful to plants, and it is desirable that these are as small as possible, and the UR value (as a measure of the content of the aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated compounds is Unsulphonated Re
sidue: 98.61% concentrated sulfuric acid was reacted with oil, and unreacted oil was represented by volume%) and standardized. The higher the UR value, the less risk of drug damage.

(2) The composition of the oil is preferably paraffinic hydrocarbon from the viewpoint of insecticidal effect, naphthene is next to this, and aromatics and olefins are undesirable from the viewpoint of chemical damage. As a measure of paraffin content, specific gravity and viscosity, or C _P %, was specified.

(3) The effects of molecular weight and viscosity have no insecticidal effect below a certain molecular weight or viscosity, and above a certain molecular weight or viscosity there is no merit that the insecticidal effect is particularly increased by making it heavy. In the case of pest control, the insecticidal effect may rather be lowered, and as the molecular weight increases, the evaporation and transpiration of oil from the plant decreases, and the oil stays on the leaves of the plant for a long period of time, thereby inhibiting the anabolic action or Secondary phytotoxicity due to oil deterioration increases. Therefore, the boiling point range of oil is regulated, and the boiling point range of 10% to 90% of oil is standardized to a narrow boiling point range of 70 ° F or less under vacuum distillation of 10 mmHg.

From the above results, at present, the viscosity at 100 ° F. is 60 SUS to 100 S, although it is slightly different depending on the area used, weather conditions, applied pests and applied crops.
US (typically 60 SUS and 70 SU
S), a paraffinic oil having a UR value of 92 or more and a narrow boiling range (10% to 90% of the oil has a distillation temperature range of 70 ° F or less under vacuum distillation of 10 mmHg) is S
It is marketed as an upper-type spray oil and is used for controlling mosquito worms and mites on fruit trees, controlling yellow spot on citrus, controlling spot disease on bananas, and controlling weeds after germination of corn in cooperation with herbicide atrazine. Came to be used. In Japan as well, from around 1942, mandarin oranges, apples, teas, mulberries, etc. were tried and achieved good results, and they gradually began to be used in earnest in place of conventional pesticide machines. In particular, it is a significant advancement that traditional machine oils can now be used for summer use, where they could not be used due to their phytotoxicity, and for delicate crops such as tea.

[0008]

However, due to the development of the above spray oil, not all the drawbacks of the conventional oil have been solved. That is, one of the remaining problems is the invasion of oil through the stomatal holes of plant leaves due to lightening. In this case, since the present spray oil still contains about 5% of aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated compounds as phytotoxic components, these light phytotoxic components invade the stomata of the leaves and also pass through the cell membranes to cause the cells to enter. The risk of so-called acute phytotoxicity, which leads to death, remains. In addition, the low viscosity and the decrease in interfacial tension due to lightening are related to the spread and penetration of oil on the leaves, reduce the amount of oil deposited on the leaves, and reduce the insecticidal effect and residual effect against mites. Tend to do. However, since such light oils evaporate quickly, there is no phytotoxicity due to the inhibition of the assimilation action of plants due to their long-term residue on leaves and the secondary deterioration of oils, and even the trees such as fruit trees are not damaged.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was made with the object of overcoming the above-referenced problems which are still presently present. That is, in order to further improve the phytotoxicity of spray oil: A. The oil should evaporate and dissipate within a period of time after spraying (in this case, a low boiling point is desirable). B. Do not invade the stomata of leaves (high viscosity is preferable in this case). It is one method to make both of them compatible. However, the relationship between the two is contradictory. That is, if the boiling point of oil is lowered and a light oil is used, The condition of B. The conditions of are headed in the negative direction. If the boiling point of oil is increased, B. The condition of A is satisfied, but A. If the above condition is not satisfied and remains on the surface of the leaves for a long time, the anabolic action of the plant is inhibited, and the growth of the tree is suppressed or weakened. In the case of citrus fruits, the sugar content is lowered.

The present invention has achieved its object by adding a small amount of an oil-soluble polymeric substance to a spray oil as a thickener. Currently available as oil-soluble polymer substances are polyolefins, polymethacrylates,
There are diene polymers, alkyl styrene polymers, etc., but polymers of monomers having 3 or less carbon atoms (including C ₃ ) are superior-type paraffinic oils (CP% is usually 65% or more, high numerical value) In some cases, it is desirable to have a C _P % of 75% or more. Normally, a C _P % of about 70% is usually not used for thickening practical purposes because it does not dissolve or is difficult to dissolve. It is preferable that the number of carbon atoms of the monomer is 4 or more (including C ₄ ), the side chain alkyl group is large, and the monomer has an iso structure.

Further, it is important to select one having a high thickening effect even in a small amount among the above structures. That is, the thickening polymer, if not biologically or optically degraded, will remain on the leaves throughout the life of the plant. This means that if a large amount of polymer remains, they will form a strong film on the leaves, causing degeneration and dwarfing of the plant body. Therefore, the amount of polymer added should be limited to a level that is practically harmless. The limit amount can not be unconditionally determined by the molecular weight of the polymer, the concentration when applied to the crop, the type of the applied crop, the spraying time, the weather conditions, etc., but using the spray oil composition of the present invention with an emulsifier When diluted with water and used as an emulsion, the concentration of the polymer contained in the emulsion should not exceed 1/500, preferably 1/1000 or less. It can be considered that the above-mentioned phytotoxicity is unlikely to occur at this concentration. As a polymer which gives a thickening effect by blending such a concentration, a substantial effect cannot be obtained unless the viscosity at 210 ° F. is 1500 SUS or more.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. As an example of the formulation of the present invention, a spray oil composition having the following formulation example was prepared and subjected to various experiments to obtain the results shown in Examples. Formulation example: Spray oil (60 SUS or 70 SUS) 95% Polybutene 5% where the viscosity of polybutene is 15600S at 210 ° F.
It is US.

The thickening effect and change in boiling point properties of the above-mentioned polymer-containing spray oil composition according to the present invention are shown below.

Thickening effect of polymer blended spray oil composition and change in boiling point properties Base oil Polymer blended oil Viscosity (SUS @ 100 ° F) 72.81 106.0 Boiling point (ASTM-1160 @ 10mmHg) IBP 100 ° C 111 ℃ 5% 187 187 10% 209 (408.2 ° F) 204 (399.2 ° F) 50% 222 221 90% 238 (460.4 ° F) 231 (497.8 ° F) 95% 247 246 EP 258 248 According to this, the blended oil (spray oil composition) obtained by adding 5% of polybutene to 70 SUS oil (base oil) has a viscosity increased by about 50%, but the boiling point of the standard test which is an index of the evaporation property of the spray oil. It did not affect the properties at all.

Next, a chemical damage test was conducted on the spray oil composition of the present invention. The test was carried out by a method using tea sprouts developed by the present inventor as shown below, which is the most likely to cause chemical damage to tea sprouts among the crops to which spray oil is applied. This is because crops such as citrus fruits are all right.

Test for phytotoxicity against tea sprouts Test variety Yabukita test method Sprouts are picked from the top at the trifoliate leaf, immersed in an emulsion of each concentration of the test oil, and then placed in a jug for 24 hours at room temperature (25 ° C to 30 ° C). ) Left. Test oils The following four oil compositions are used by emulsifying with water. A: 60SUS oil + 1% emulsifier B: 60SUS oil + polybutene + 1% emulsifier C: 70SUS oil + 1% emulsifier D: 70SUS oil + polybutene + 1% emulsifier

The test results of the above-mentioned test oils are shown in Table 1, and the judgment criteria are as follows. Judgment criteria: ++ (score 5) Black spots 3 or more due to chemical damage + (score 3) Black spots due to chemical damage 1 to 2 ± (score 1) Fine points doubtful whether due to chemical damage − (score 0) No chemical damage

[0018]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the polymer-added spray oil composition according to the present invention clearly has improved phytotoxicity as compared with the additive-free spray oil composition. Since the conditions of this test are high concentrations exceeding the practical concentration (100-fold to 200-fold), it is considered that there is less phytotoxicity at the practical concentration.

[0020]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the spray oil composition of the present invention changes the viscosity without substantially changing the evaporation property thereof, thereby preventing the invasion of oil through the stomatal holes of plant leaves and preventing chemical damage. Achieved reduction. By using the safer spray oil composition of the present invention, it is possible to expect expansion of crops to be applied and expansion of application time.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] January 9, 1995

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[Name of item to be amended] Claims

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[Claims]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

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[Correction target item name] 0014

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[0014] According to this, the blended oil (spray oil composition) obtained by adding 5% of polybutene to 70 SUS oil (base oil) increases the viscosity by about 50%, but has the boiling point property of the standard test which is an index of the evaporation property of the spray oil. Had no effect.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A spray oil having a viscosity of 100 ° F. of 100 SUS or less, which is obtained by polymerizing a monomer having a carbon number of 4 or more (including C ₄ ), in an amount that does not substantially cause chemical damage. A spray oil composition, which is added in a small amount. 2. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the polymer is 2
The spray oil composition according to claim 1, which has a temperature of 1500 SUS or more at 10 ° F. 3. The spray oil according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is added to the spray oil so that the concentration of the polymer used is not more than 1/500 of the practical spray liquid of the spray oil composition. Spray oil composition.