JPH07124857A - Belt grinding method and belt grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To grind surface flaws smoothly by making pressing force by a contact roll variable depending on the directions, and concurrently alter a grinding mode at a flaw section from that at its vicinity. CONSTITUTION:The horizontal movement of a contact roll 5 is controlled by an operation control means 17 via a position control means 19 based on the positional information of a moving position detecting sensor 16. The pressing force (going up and down) of the contact roll 5 is so designed as to be switched over to the two kinds of a finish grinding mode and a rough grinding mode. The switching condition is set up in advance in response to the outbreak condition of flaws, the aforesaid condition is controlled by a pressure control means 20 controlled by the operation control means 17, and a cylinder mechanism controlled by an electromagnetic valve 21 based on the horizontal moved quantity signal of the contact roll 5 by the moving position detecting sensor 16 and the vertical moved quantity signal of a ascent and descent position sensor 30.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a belt grinding method and apparatus mainly applied to grind the surface of a plate-like body or a rectangular body formed of various metals or resins.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the field of steel, for example, steel pieces (cast slabs) are used as raw materials, which are heated in a heating furnace and then rolled to produce various steel products such as strip steel and bar steel. If there is a marked surface flaw in the steel piece used as the material, in order to secure the structural strength,
Defects are being removed to ensure quality such as rust prevention and aesthetics. In general, this flaw is often removed by hot scoring or grinder scouring, but especially in the case of partial flaw maintenance work such as thick steel plate and thin steel plate shipped as final products, steps, waviness, chatter, etc. In order to obtain a smooth and smooth grinding surface, it has been attempted to employ a belt-type grinding device in terms of flexibility and grinding controllability. For example, in a steel slab obtained by continuous casting, surface flaws that require grinding and removal do not always occur uniformly on the entire surface, but often occur locally.

Conventionally, as a belt type grinding apparatus, there is one shown in FIG. 6, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-89393. What is disclosed here is an idler roll b provided on a gate-shaped column a arranged on a conveyor line for a strip steel s, and a contact roll c provided below the idler roll b for driving. It is composed of an endless grinding belt d wound around these two rolls, a contact roll, and a billie roll e which is arranged to face each other with a strip steel interposed therebetween. This belt-type grinding device is for grinding the entire surface of the strip steel s sent at a predetermined speed by using a grinding belt c wider than the width of the strip steel, and is for local grinding. Is difficult to do. Further, since the portion which does not need to be ground is also ground, in addition to the reduction in product yield, it is inevitable that the equipment such as the grinding belt is quickly worn and the equipment and the operating cost are increased.

In addition, for example, as shown in FIG.
There is a wagon type belt grinding device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-2288. What is disclosed here is a drive pulley g mounted on a movable carriage f, a tension pulley h, and three contact wheels ja, jb, and jc capable of replacing a grinding belt. And an endless polishing belt i wound around them. In this belt type polishing machine, the adjustment of the grinding position with respect to the object w to be polished is carried out by the movement of the carriage, and the grinding property is adjusted by the grain size of the grinding belt used. Therefore, as for performing local grinding,
It is suitable and requires skill to operate it, but it can be said that it is relatively easy to obtain a smooth ground surface.

This type of belt grinding work is a heavy-duty work in a dusty environment, and it is difficult to secure a labor force, so that the trend toward automation is increasing. However, it is not easy to mechanize the skill of skilled workers, and in general, in the case of mechanical grinding, steps, seizures, chatter, etc. occur on the grinding surface, making it difficult to obtain smooth grinding surfaces. Not a few things. From such a point of view, the present situation is that the partial grinding by the belt grinding device has hardly been put into practical use.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a contact wheel (roll) can be moved in parallel with respect to a surface to be ground, and a moving function for one axis of a grinding plane can be imparted to the entire apparatus. It reduces equipment costs, improves its mobility, improves grinding efficiency, and enables local grinding of surface flaws.
(EN) Provided are a belt grinding method and apparatus which can improve the surface quality after grinding and which can be easily automated.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an endless grinding belt having an abrasive material on the surface thereof, and a drive pulley for holding one side of the grinding belt and driving the grinding belt. ,
A belt grinding apparatus provided with a driven pulley that holds the other side of the grinding belt, and a contact roller that contacts the inner surface of the grinding belt between the two pulleys and presses the grinding surface against the surface to be ground. In the belt grinding method, the distance between the driven pulley and the drive pulley is variable while the tension of the grinding belt is constant, and the contact roller can be moved in parallel along the surface to be ground. In addition, the belt grinding method is characterized in that it can be moved up and down with respect to the surface to be ground, the pressing force by the contact roll is made variable in the grinding direction, and the grinding mode is changed at the flaw portion and its periphery.

A second aspect of the present invention is an example of an apparatus for carrying out the first aspect. An endless grinding belt having a surface on which a grinding material is arranged, and one side of the grinding belt are held and driven. A drive pulley, a driven pulley that holds the other side of the grinding belt, and a contact roller that contacts the inner surface of the grinding belt between the two pulleys and presses the grinding surface against the surface to be ground. In the belt grinding device provided, the rotation shaft of the driven pulley is arranged to be movable back and forth with respect to the drive pulley by the position control device, and the rotation shaft of the contact roller is moved via the lifting control device. It is supported by a support body that is arranged so as to be movable in parallel along the surface to be ground, and this support body is provided with a contact position movement position detection sensor and an ascending / descending position detection sensor. Detection sensor and lift position detection sensor The position control device and the elevating control device are connected via a computing device, and the parallel movement amount of the driven pulley is controlled according to the displacement of the position of the contact roll, and the grinding belt of the contact roll is controlled. The belt grinding apparatus is characterized in that switching control of pressing force is performed in synchronization.

According to claims 3 to 4, in order to obtain a smooth ground surface at the end portion on the side of the grinding belt in claim 2, the contact roll has a medium-high shape.
It is characterized by using a la or reducing the particle size of the abrasive at the side end of the grinding belt. Also, these can be used at the same time.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the positions of the contact roll and the driven pulley with respect to the drive pulley are controlled to eliminate the fluctuations in the tension of the grinding belt due to disturbances other than the grinding load, and the contact roll moves in parallel. I am able to do so,
A simple mechanism allows the uniaxial grinding range in the grinding plane to be expanded without moving the entire belt grinding device, reducing equipment costs, improving grinding efficiency, and enabling local grinding of surface defects. can do.

Further, the grinding mode can be freely changed so that the pressing force of the grinding belt becomes smaller in the periphery than in the flaw portion, and the grinding force at the side end of the grinding belt is reduced to reduce the grinding chatter. It is possible to smooth the grinding without causing stepping or stepping, improve the surface quality of the surface to be ground, and improve and stabilize its quality. In addition, automation is easy and productivity can be improved.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be shown below. This example is a case where the present invention is applied to the removal of surface flaws of a thick steel plate (normal temperature) obtained by rolling. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a belt grinding line for this thick steel plate. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a belt grinding device of the present invention, which is an endless grinding belt 2 having an outer surface provided with a grinding material, and the grinding belt 2
The drive pulley 3 that holds the inner side surface of the grinding belt on one side and moves the grinding belt endlessly by the driving device Ma, and the driven pulley 4 that holds the inner side surface of the grinding belt on the other side. A contact roll 5 for pressing the grinding belt against the surface to be ground of the thick steel plate 6 is provided between the two pulleys. This belt grinding device 1 is suspended transversely on a pedestal 8 which is movable on a track 7 by a driving device Mb along a conveying path of a thick steel plate 6, and a screw shaft 9 which is rotated by a driving device Mc. And is traversed by the rotation of this threaded shaft.

In this example, the pressing force of the grinding belt against the surface to be ground is made different between the flaw portion and its periphery.
That is, for example, the grinding mode can be switched between the finish grinding mode and the rough grinding mode so that these can be switched. When grinding, the flaw is first ground in the rough grinding mode, and finally, The peripheral part of the flaw is switched to the finish grinding mode for grinding. Then, this is set as one grinding unit, and this grinding is repeated 2-3 times as necessary to obtain a smooth ground surface.

The grinding mode is not limited to the two types of the finishing grinding mode and the rough grinding mode, but may be 2 to 2 depending on the abrasive material and the surface flaw generation pattern determined by the object to be ground.
Five types are preset, and a combination of these grinding modes is considered in order to obtain a smoother ground surface. in this case,
It is effective to combine them so that the grinding depth is gradually changed (inclined). Usually, the adjustment of the grinding depth by the contact roll for switching the grinding mode is performed by controlling the pressing force and the moving range of the contact roll 5.

When the width of the grinding belt 2 is smaller than the grinding width of the thick steel plate 6, the side edge of the grinding belt 2 causes a step at the boundary between the grinding surface and the non-grinding surface, and the steel slab after grinding is formed. The surface quality of the contact roll 5 may be deteriorated. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is effective to make the side end of the grinding belt 2 softly contact the surface to be ground. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it is also effective to dispose an abrasive having a particle size smaller than that of the central part at the side end of the grinding belt 2. In this case, the particle size of the abrasive is changed from the center to the side end. It is also effective to arrange it so that it becomes gradually smaller. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, it is also effective to combine the medium-high roll as shown in FIG. 2 with the grinding belt 2 as shown in FIG. 3 in which the particle size distribution of the abrasive is changed. Basics of movement of the pedestal 8 supporting the belt grinding device 1, traverse and elevation of the belt grinding device, driving of the drive pulley 3, movement of the contact roll 5 and driven pulley 4, positioning of the belt grinding device, etc. The physical operation is automatically performed by using the arithmetic and control unit 17 based on the input value of the flaw position information and the like.

The grinding belt 2 of the belt grinding device 1 of the present invention
As described above, the inner surface is supported by the drive pulley 3 on one side and the driven pulley 4 on the other side, which is movable back and forth with respect to the drive pulley. Between the drive pulley and the driven pulley, it is movable in parallel to the surface to be ground of the thick steel plate 6 and is supported by a contact roller 5 that presses the grinding belt against the surface to be ground, and has a substantially triangular shape. To form a loop.

The contact roll 5 is a cylinder mechanism 12
Is supported by a support body 13 via the
It is supported horizontally in the groove 14 of the base 1a,
It engages with the threaded shaft 15 that is rotated by the drive device Md, and moves horizontally by the rotation of this shaft. This horizontal movement is controlled by the arithmetic and control unit 17 via the position control unit 19 based on the position information of the movement position detection sensor 16. Pressing force of contact roll 5 (elevation)
Are switched between two types, one for the finish grinding mode and one for the rough grinding mode. The switching condition is set in advance according to the occurrence state of the flaw, and the moving position detection sensor 16 Based on the horizontal movement amount signal of the contact roll 5 and the vertical movement amount signal of the ascending / descending position sensor 30, the pressure control device 2 controlled by the arithmetic and control unit 17
0, controlled by a cylinder-mechanism 12 controlled by a solenoid valve 21.

On the other hand, the driven pulley 4 is horizontally movably supported in the groove 23 of the base portion 1a via the moving element 22, and the moving element is engaged with the threaded shaft 24 rotated by the driving device Me. Together, the rotation of this shaft causes the driven pulley 4 to move horizontally. The arithmetic and control unit 17 always detects the movement amount of the driven pulley so as to follow the horizontal movement and the vertical movement of the contact roll in order to keep the belt loop length constant regardless of the position of the contact roll. Calculation is performed based on the position information of the sensor 16 and the ascending / descending position detection sensor 30, and the drive of the drive device Me is controlled via the position control device 25 of the driven pulley to move the driven pulley 4 horizontally. . If the flaw on the surface to be ground often extends in an oblique direction, the belt grinding device can be rotated (turned) freely,
By performing the control of the rotation together, more fine belt grinding can be performed.

[0019]

Example: width 1200 mm, length 30 obtained by rolling
A surface flaw of a thick steel plate having a thickness of 00 mm and a thickness of 50 mm was ground and removed by using the belt grinding apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. In this example, the width of the grinding belt is 250 mm, the loop length (reference belt length) is 13000 mm, the maximum distance between the drive pulley and the driven pulley is 6000 mm, and the drive pulley and the driven pulley are the same. Radius: 400 mm, contact roll radius: 1
00 mm, vertical distance between drive pulley and contact roll:
It is 500 mm. As the contact roll, a medium-high roll having a width of 400 mm as shown in FIG. 2 was used.

Distribution of surface flaws 26 of thick steel plate 6 and grinding range 2
7 is as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the width direction is 400 mm and the length direction is 300 mm. This range is read in advance from the flaw marking and corresponds to the required displacement amount of the contact roll and this displacement amount. Calculate the horizontal movement of the driven pulley,
The grinding condition was set by adding a horizontal movement speed element to this. The thick steel plate 6 is guided to the grinding table by the transport roll 10, positioned by the stopper 11, and the traverse and the elevation of the belt grinding device 1 are controlled to adjust the width of the grinding belt to the center of the width of the grinding range of the thick steel plate. Centering, the position of the contact roll 5 is moved to the starting side of the grinding range, the grinding surface of the grinding belt is pressed against the surface to be ground of the thick steel plate, and the driving pulley 3 is driven by the driving device Ma.
Is driven to move the grinding belt 2 endlessly, and the thick steel plate 6 is moved.
The surface flaws were ground and removed.

The moving (rotating) speed of the grinding belt and the horizontal moving speed of the contact roll are set in advance in accordance with the object to be ground, the surface flaw pattern, the characteristics of the abrasive, and the like. Also, the pressing force of the grinding belt 2 by the contact roll 5 is
The thickness is set in advance according to the thickness of the thick steel plate 6 and the surface flaw pattern (depth distribution), and the surface flaw can be ground by driving the driving pulley 3 to rotate the grinding belt 2. it can. In this example, the area 28a including the flaw is first set to the rough grinding mode, and the pressing force of the contact roll 5 is set to 10 mm.
The contact roll 5 is set to 0 kgf, and the horizontal movement and the vertical movement (pressing operation) of the contact roll 5 as shown in FIG.
Grinding is performed by rocking motion (maintenance width 100 mm) that reciprocates along a locus as shown in FIG. At this time, the horizontal moving speed was 250 mm / sec.

After the rocking is repeated a certain number of times, in order to smooth the ground surface, the pressing force of the contact roll 5 is set to 40 kgf in the range including the areas 28a and 28b in the finish grinding mode to shake in a wide range (maintenance width 300 mm). Dynamic grinding was performed. The horizontal movement speed at this time is 85 mm
/ Sec. The rotation speed of the grinding belt is 100
With a grinding belt roughness # 80 at 0 rpm, a depth of about 0.
A 2 mm flaw was cared for in about 2 minutes, including the time required to move the device, and the grinding surface properties and roughness equivalent to manual labor were obtained with 2.5 times the capacity of conventional care work.

However, when the surface of the thick steel plate was inspected after grinding, some residual flaws were found.
The tool was returned to the initial position, and the same grinding range was again ground in the same manner as the first grinding. The movement (rotation) speed of the grinding belt is 10
It was kept constant at 00 m / min. As a result, the grinding is performed very smoothly, there is no trace of chattering on the ground thick steel plate surface, and as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a remarkable step is generated at the boundary with the non-ground surface. None, very smooth ground surface 2
9 was obtained. In this embodiment, the pedestal 8 supporting the belt grinding device 1 is not moved, the belt grinding device is slightly traversed in the width direction, and the belt grinding device body is not moved in the length direction. By simply moving the contact roller 5 and the driven pulley 4 with a simple structure,
6 grinding surfaces of thick steel plate can be ground, and there is no need to move the gantry 8 or the belt grinding machine body in the length direction, so equipment costs and equipment operating costs are reduced and grinding efficiency is greatly improved. We were able to.

[0024]

According to the present invention, the positions of the contact roller and the driven pulley with respect to the drive pulley are controlled so that the loop length and tension of the grinding belt are not changed and the contact roller is not changed.
Since the tool can be moved in parallel to the surface to be ground, it is possible to expand the grinding range in the grinding plane with a simple mechanism without moving the entire belt grinding device, reducing equipment costs and grinding efficiency. It is possible to improve. Further, by setting the grinding mode to be freely changeable so that the pressing force of the grinding belt becomes smaller in the periphery than in the flaw portion, or by reducing the grinding force at the side end of the grinding belt, grinding chatter or stepping is caused. It is possible to smooth the grinding, improve the surface quality of the surface to be ground, and improve and stabilize its quality. In addition, automation is easy and productivity can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are schematic explanatory views showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a front explanatory view, and FIG. 1B is a sectional side view taken along the line Aa-Ab in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front explanatory view showing an example of a contact roll of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front view showing an example of a grinding belt of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing another example of the grinding belt of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a surface flaw and an example of grinding the surface flaw in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A shows a surface flaw and a grinding range thereof.
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the property of the ground surface after grinding.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view showing an outline of a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a stereoscopic explanatory view showing the outline of another conventional example.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 Belt Grinding Device 1a Base 2 Grinding Belt 2a Side End (Fine Grain) 2b Center (Coarse Grain) 3 Drive Pulley 4 Driven Pulley 5 Contact Roll 6 Thick Steel Plate 7 Orbit 8 Frame 9 Screw shaft 10 Conveying roll 11 Stopper 12 Cylinder-Mechanism 13 Support 14 Groove 15 Shaft with screw 16 Moving position detection sensor 17 Arithmetic control device 18 Setting device 19 Position control device 20 Pressure control device 21 Electromagnetic Valve 22 Mover 23 Groove 24 Shaft with screw 25 Position control device 26 Surface flaw 27 Grinding range 28a Defect (area) 28b Defect peripheral area 29 Grinding surface 30 Lifting position detection sensor Ma, Mb, Mc, Md, Me Drive device a Column b Idler roll c Contact roll d Grinding belt e Billiroll s Strip steel f Bogie g Raibupu - Li h Tension flop - Li ja, jb, jc contact wheel - Le i endless abrasive belt w workpiece

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] January 6, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0005

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

This type of belt grinding work is a heavy-duty work in a dusty environment, and it is difficult to secure a labor force, so that the trend toward automation is increasing. However, it is not easy to mechanize the skill of skilled workers, and in general, in the case of mechanical grinding, steps, seizures, chatter, etc. occur on the grinding surface, making it difficult to obtain smooth grinding surfaces. Not a few things. From such a point of view, at present, the automatic partial grinding by the belt grinding device is hardly practically used.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0019

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0019]

Example: width 1200 mm, length 30 obtained by rolling
A surface flaw of a thick steel plate having a thickness of 00 mm and a thickness of 50 mm was ground and removed by using the belt grinding apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. In this example, the width of the grinding belt is 250 mm, the loop length (reference belt length) is 13000 mm, the maximum distance between the drive pulley and the driven pulley is 6000 mm, and the drive pulley and the driven pulley are the same. Radius: 200 mm, contact roll radius: 1
00 mm, vertical distance between drive pulley and contact roll:
It is 500 mm. As the contact roll, a medium-high roll having a width of 400 mm as shown in FIG. 2 was used.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 1

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Koyu Kawakami 5-3 Tokai-cho, Tokai City Nippon Steel Corporation Nagoya Steel Works (72) Inventor Tsutomu Kosei 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City Nippon Steel Corporation Inside the surgical development headquarters

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An endless grinding belt having an abrasive material on its surface, a driving pulley for holding one side of the grinding belt to drive the grinding belt, and a driven pulley for holding the other side of the grinding belt. In a belt grinding method using a belt grinding device having a contact roller for pressing an inner surface of a grinding belt between the two pulleys and pressing the ground surface against a surface to be ground between the two pulleys. In addition to making the distance between the drive pulleys variable, the contact roll can be moved in parallel along the surface to be ground and can be moved up and down with respect to the surface to be ground, and the pressing force by the contact roll can be adjusted in the grinding direction. A belt grinding method characterized in that the grinding mode is variable and the grinding mode is changed between the flaw portion and its periphery. 2. An endless grinding belt having an abrasive material on its surface, a driving pulley for holding one side of the grinding belt to drive the grinding belt, and a driven pulley for holding the other side of the grinding belt. -A contact roller that contacts the inner surface of the grinding belt between the two pulleys and presses the grinding surface against the surface to be ground.
In a belt grinding machine equipped with a roller, a rotary shaft of a driven pulley is arranged to be movable back and forth with respect to a drive pulley by a position control device, and a rotary shaft of a contact roll functions as a lifting control device. Is supported by a support body which is arranged so as to be movable in parallel along the surface to be ground, and the support body has a moving position detection sensor for the contact roll and an elevation position detection sensor for the contact roll.
Is arranged, the moving position detection sensor-and the elevation position detection sensor, the position control device and the elevation control device are connected via the arithmetic control device, depending on the displacement of the position of the contact roll, A belt grinding apparatus characterized in that control of a parallel movement amount of a driven pulley and switching control of a pressing force of a grinding belt by a contact roll are performed in synchronization. 3. A belt grinding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a medium-high roll is used as the contact roll. 4. A belt grinding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the grain size of the abrasive material at the side end portion of the grinding belt is smaller than that at the central portion.