JPH07121701A - Method and device for displaying/setting spratial filter and method for displaying/setting image processing environment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To clearly display the setting of a spatial filter for noise removal in image processing when inspecting an object being conveyed on a production line. CONSTITUTION:The size (the matrix of 3X3) of the spatial filter for noise removal is displayed on instruction parts 2 and 3 so as to set this logical condition from the outside. The set result is displayed on these matrix picture elements of 3X3 as it is. At the same time, the decision condition showing whether it is the noise as the result of processing on this logical condition or not is displayed on an instruction part 5 as well so as to clearly set this condition as well.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a setting display method and apparatus for providing a processing environment for image processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Image processing is indispensable for printing inspections, appearance inspections, and excess / deficiency and quality inspections of cans, bottles, and various packaged articles conveyed on a production line.

In image processing, preprocessing such as noise removal, 2
Each process of the value conversion process, the feature extraction process, and the determination process is performed. Various spatial filters and functions are used to realize each processing. And to determine the optimal spatial filter and function,
The image processing is individually performed while changing the spatial filter and the function, and this is displayed on the CRT and the processing result is checked to make the decision.

When changing the spatial filter and the function, the following method is used. (1) The spatial filter, for example, the spatial filter used during the binarization process (for example, the spatial filter for removing noise from the binarized image after the binarization process), has a size (n Xm) and the logical condition were specified by the argument of the function. (2) Regarding functions, function libraries were used.

[0005]

The above-mentioned conventional example has the following problems. (1) The method of setting the size of the spatial filter and the logical condition by the argument is apt to be erroneous when the complicated setting is performed by the argument, and the confirmation is not easy. (2) If the number of functions is large (several tens to several hundreds), the function name must be remembered or searched.

Therefore, it is necessary to create an image processing environment that replaces the conventional example. In particular, if the image processing environment is made more explicit by using the display screen on the CRT, it is possible to develop an image processing application program with less burden, speed, and erroneous settings.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a setting display method and apparatus that allows the spatial filter and the function to be explicitly set. A further object of the present invention is to provide a setting display method and device that enable the logical conditions of a spatial filter to be explicitly set.

[0008]

According to the present invention, an n × m matrix pixel designating section in which each pixel can be set to “1” or “0” is displayed on a display screen, and the size of n × m is set. Sano 2
Disclosed is a spatial filter setting display method in which the logical condition of the binarized spatial filter is set in the pixel designating unit.

Further, according to the present invention, an n × m matrix pixel designating unit, a judgment condition designating unit and a gradation scale designating unit in which each pixel can be set to “1” or “0” are also displayed on the display screen. The logical condition of the n × m binary spatial filter is set in the n × m matrix pixel designating section, and the determination condition after the processing by the binary spatial filter according to the logical condition is set to the above. Disclosed is a method of setting and displaying a spatial filter in which the gradation condition after the binarization is set in the judgment condition instructing unit and in the gradation degree instructing unit.

On the display screen, there is provided an instruction section for a binary spatial filter for image processing, a multi-valued filter, an affine transformation, a normalized correlation, an image differentiation, and a frame to be processed. An image processing environment setting display method for setting an environment is disclosed.

Further, according to the present invention, an n × m matrix pixel designating section capable of setting “1” or “0” for each pixel provided on the display screen and a binarized space having a size of n × m. Disclosed is a spatial filter setting display device including input means for setting a logical condition of a filter in the pixel designating section.

Furthermore, the present invention is provided on a display screen,
An n × m matrix pixel instructing unit and a determination condition instructing unit and a gradation degree instructing unit in which each pixel can set “1” or “0”, and a logical condition of a binary spatial filter of size n × m To the above-mentioned pixel instructing section, an input means for setting the judgment condition after the processing by the binarized spatial filter according to this logical condition in the judgment condition instructing section, and the gradation degree after binarization Disclosed is a setting display device for a spatial filter, which comprises input means for setting in an instruction part and a setting display device.

[0013]

According to the present invention, each pixel is "1" on the display screen.
Alternatively, an n × m matrix pixel instructing part capable of setting “0” is displayed, and the logical condition of the binary spatial filter of n × m is set in the pixel instructing part.

Further, according to the present invention, an n × m matrix pixel instructing unit, a determination condition instructing unit and a gradation degree instructing unit in which each pixel can set “1” or “0” are also displayed on the display screen. The logical condition of the binarized spatial filter having a size of n × m is set in the n × m matrix pixel instructing unit, and the judgment condition after processing by the binarized spatial filter according to the logical condition is displayed. Is set in the determination condition instructing section, and the gradation after binarization is set in the gradation instructing section.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a setting display screen of the present invention. This screen may be one window of a multi-window screen such as a CRT or a liquid crystal display, or a screen on a dedicated display having only this screen alone. FIG. 1 shows an example of an image filter in a broad sense. Here, the broad sense is meant to include a spatial filter and a function. The display contents of the image filter screen 100 are as follows.

Instructing unit 1 ... This is a portion in which the characters "image filter" are designated. Instructing part 2 ... This is a part in which characters of "binarization spatial filter" are instructed. The binarized spatial filter does not mean a general-purpose filter generally used in image processing, but a customized filter in which logical conditions and judgment conditions can be variously changed (for the general-purpose filter, an instruction by the instruction unit 4 is given. This will be done later, but this will be discussed later). The binarized spatial filter as the customized filter is used for noise removal. That is, in the binarization process, the binarized image (an image composed of “1” and “0”) is obtained by performing the binarization process on the image captured on the production line. The image has various "1" s in the vicinity of or separate from the original image, although discrete. The binary spatial filter as the customization filter is used for the process of determining whether the discretely present "1" is regarded as the original image or the noise (denoting process). Whether it is noise or not depends on the state of the production line, the object to be inspected, and the illumination conditions (for example, day and night), and the general-purpose filter is insufficient for processing. By using the binarized spatial filter as a customized filter that can freely set the logical condition and the judgment condition of whether or not it is noise, it is easy to deal with the various processes as described above. The size of this binarized spatial filter is n × n, n ×
Although it is arbitrary as m, the size (matrix) is 3 × 3 in this embodiment.

Instructing unit 3 ... A logical condition setting pixel composed of 3 × 3 matrix pixels. 3 × 3 indicates the size of the spatial filter, and each pixel can be selectively set to either “1” or “0”. The setting of "1" or "0" is performed by a mouse cursor, a keyboard, or a specially provided switch. Whichever setting method is used, a check switch (a mark of "1" or "0") is displayed when the button is pressed once, and the toggle switch type is released when the button is pressed once more. An example of the set logical conditions is shown in FIGS. 2A shows an example in which all 3 × 3 pixels are set to “1”, FIG. 2B shows a cross-shaped example in “1”, and FIG. 2C shows a cross-shaped example in “1”. Example, Figure 2
(D) shows an example in which only the center is "1". In addition to this, there are various logical conditions for noise removal, and the feature of the present embodiment is that various settings are possible.

Instructing unit 4 ... Instructing the "logical condition" of a general-purpose binarizing filter generally used in image processing. The general-purpose binarization filter means a generally widely used binarization filter other than the “binarization spatial filter” of the instruction unit 2 and is a kind of function. The logical conditions are AND, OR, EOR (exclusive logic), and MAJ.
There is (majority decision logic), and the logical condition can be selected by turning on either. Here, the AND process is, for example, 3 ×
This is a process in which a matrix such as 3 is given, and when all the target pixels in this matrix are white points, the pixel at the center position of the matrix is the white point, and in all other cases, the pixel at the center position of the matrix is black. The OR process is a process in which the pixel at the center of the matrix is the white point if at least one of the target pixels in the matrix has a white point. EOR,
The MAJ also performs exclusive logic processing and majority logic processing in the same manner.

Instructing unit 5: A unit for instructing the noise removal determination condition after the processing according to the logical condition instructed by the instructing unit 3. In the figure, among the total 9 pixel values of 3 × 3 size after binarization, when the number of pixels having “1” is 4 to 9, the pixel size of 3 × 3 is The central pixel in the center is "1"
If it is less than 4, an example of an instruction to set the central pixel to “0” (that is, an example of treating it as noise) is shown. Various other determination conditions can be set.

Instructing unit 6: a unit for instructing the gradation of this pixel when the judgment condition is "1" and the gradation of this pixel when it is "0". In the figure, "1" is "256"
An example of 0 gradation is indicated by the gradation, "0".

Instructing portion 7 ... This portion displays the "multi-valued filter". The multi-valued filter is a filter that can output a multi-valued output of three or more values, unlike the binarized spatial filter.
In the figure, three types of filters, that is, a contraction filter, an expansion filter, and an average value filter are displayed, and a multivalued filter can be determined by instructing one or more of them.

Instructing unit 8 ... Images are stored in a plurality of memories (which are called frames). Therefore, it is necessary to specify which frame is to be processed, and the "setting" unit of the instruction unit 8 is instructed to specify this. Specifically, the frame number to be processed and the frame number of the transfer destination are designated. Instructing unit 9 ... A unit for instructing execution.

The above image filter screen 100 is displayed, the logical condition is set in the instructing unit 3, the judgment condition is set in the instructing unit 5, the gradation degree is set in the instructing unit 6, and the instructing unit 8 is further set.
By setting the frame to be processed in step 2, the setting of the binarized spatial filter to the frame to be processed instructed by the instruction unit 8 is completed. After that, by turning on the execution in the instruction unit 10, the binarized spatial filter processing is executed. By displaying the image before execution and the image after execution on the display screen, it is possible to monitor the binarized spatial filter processing result. If the binarization processing is not performed correctly, one of the instruction units 3, 5, and 6 is changed and the processing result is monitored again. In this way, by using the instruction units 3, 5, and 6 in FIG. 1, it becomes possible to set the logical condition and the judgment condition of the spatial filter for the optimum binarization processing.

According to FIG. 1, in addition to the binary spatial filter,
Optimal setting of the general-purpose binarization filter and the multi-valued filter can be performed by the instruction units 4 and 7. In this case, in the general-purpose binarizing filter, setting of a frame for a target image and setting of a frame for an image to be processed such as AND,
And the size of the cut-out pixel to be processed by AND and the like are also designated. The frame is designated by the processing target frame designating unit 8. If the size of the cut-out pixel is fixed at, for example, 3 × 3, external setting is not necessary. In the figure, this is fixed and does not have an indicator, but a size indicator may be provided separately. Further, in the multi-valued filter, the size of the processing target frame or the processing target pixel is also controlled by the instruction unit 8.
The multi-valued filter is used as a pre-process using the binarized spatial filter. For example, since the inspection location has different brightness in day and night, even if there is a difference in brightness between day and night, a multi-valued filter for day and night is used as a multi-valued filter to obtain a uniform processing result. There is an example of setting the type.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a drawing in which various screens including the screen filter screen 100 are displayed on one display screen to widen the range of selection. The CRT display screen 200 includes a processing target screen 201 (character A) and an image filter screen 10.
In addition to 0, other processing for image processing (affine transformation, normalized correlation) instruction unit 203 and image differentiation instruction unit 202 are also displayed. The instruction unit 203 includes an image rotation instruction and a rotation angle instruction. With such a screen configuration, the processing target screen 201 is first displayed, and the instruction units 202, 2
03, the necessary instruction is given, and the image filter instruction unit 10
When 0, the necessary instruction is given and the processing is executed. The processing process and the processing result are successively displayed and monitored on the screen 201. The optimum conditions are the instruction units 202, 203, 1
Finally obtained on 00.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an application example of the binarized spatial filter in which the size of the target screen is M × N. M
An image of size × N is stored in the frame memory, and this is scanned in units of size 3 × 3 from upper left to upper right and from upper left to lower. 3 cut out for each scan
A pixel having a size of × 3 is processed by the binarization spatial filter set in FIG. 1, and the pixel value of the central pixel in the processing result is a binary value of “1” or “0” according to the determination condition. Decide Here, the central pixel refers to a position (2, 2) at pixel positions (1, 1) to (3, 3) having a size of 3 × 3.
Pixel. Since the 3 × 3 pixels are cut out, the outermost pixels are invalidated after the processing is completed.

By enabling such appropriate setting, various filters and functions for each production line, each object to be inspected, each illumination condition, etc. can be set, whereby an application program for image processing can be set for each production line. , For each inspected object,
It became possible to create it properly according to each lighting condition.

FIG. 5 shows a processing system diagram of the present invention.
A CPU 20, a main memory 21, an auxiliary memory 22, an image memory 23, a CRT 24, interfaces 25 and 27, a mouse 26, a keyboard 28, a TV camera 30, and an interface 31 are connected to a common bus 29. When displaying, the inspected object on the production line is displayed on the TV.
An image is picked up by the camera 30, fetched through the interface 31, sent to the main memory 21, and processed by the CPU 20. It may be temporarily latched in the auxiliary memory 22. Also, use the keyboard 28 and mouse 26 to C
The screen as shown in FIG. 1 is symmetrically displayed on the RT 24, and necessary settings (logical conditions and judgment conditions) are made. The image to be displayed on the CRT 24 is stored in the image memory 23.
The CPU 20 has various image filter functions, receives an input from the mouse 26 or the keyboard 28, performs setting and image processing, and latches a display image in the image memory 23.
Display on the CRT 24. Note that the functions of various image filters may be implemented by dedicated hardware instead of the CPU.

This embodiment has various modifications. (1) The size of the binarized spatial filter is 3 × 3, but the size is not limited to this. Ie 4x4, 4x
This can be done by making the indicator 3 of various sizes such as 5. (2) Although the logical condition and the judgment condition of the binarized spatial filter are used as examples, a multivalued filter or a general-purpose filter may be explicitly displayed in a matrix display, and the judgment condition at that time can be variously changed. Is. (3) In the example of one screen as the image filter 100, a plurality of screens may be used. For example, an example in which a different screen is displayed to instruct the filter size in the general-purpose filter instructing unit 4 in the same manner as in the instructing unit 3, and the filter size and the logical condition in the multi-valued filter instructing unit 7 are set. Therefore, there is an example in which a separate screen is displayed.

[0030]

According to the present invention, the logical condition and the judgment condition of the spatial filter are displayed on the screen, and the processing result according to the setting can be displayed. This makes it easy to create an application program for image processing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of setting display of an image filter of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of logical conditions of a spatial filter of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a screen display example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of image scanning according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a processing system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 to 10 instruction unit 100 image filter instruction unit 200 display screen 201 image to be processed

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. Each pixel is "1" or "0" on a display screen.
A method of setting and displaying a spatial filter, in which an n × m matrix pixel designating section capable of setting is set and the logical condition of a binary spatial filter having a size of n × m is set in the pixel designating section. . 2. An n × m matrix pixel designating unit, a judgment condition designating unit, and a gradation scale designating unit in which each pixel can be set to “1” or “0” are displayed together on the display screen, The logical condition of the binary spatial filter having a size of n × m is set in the n × m matrix pixel instructing section, and the determination condition after the processing by the binary spatial filter according to the logical condition is instructed to the determination condition. Setting method of the spatial filter in which the gradation level after binarization is set in the gradation level instruction section. 3. A binarized spatial filter for image processing, a multi-valued filter, an affine transformation, a normalized correlation, on a display screen,
An image processing environment setting display method in which an instruction unit for image differentiation and a frame to be processed is provided and the image processing environment is set by an instruction to the instruction unit. 4. Each pixel provided on the display screen is "1".
Alternatively, a spatial filter comprising an n × m matrix pixel designating section capable of setting “0” and an input means for setting a logical condition of a binary spatial filter having a size of n × m in the pixel designating section. Setting display device. 5. An n × m matrix pixel instructing unit, a determination condition instructing unit, and a gradation degree instructing unit, each pixel being capable of setting “1” or “0”, provided on the display screen, and n ×
Input means for setting the logical condition of the binary spatial filter having a size of m in the pixel designating section, and 2 in accordance with this logical condition.
A spatial filter setting display device comprising: input means for setting a judgment condition after processing by a binarized spatial filter in a judgment condition instructing section; and input means for setting a gradation degree after binarization in a gradation degree instructing section. 6. A spatial filter setting display device, wherein input means for inputting to the pixel designating part according to claim 4 or 5 is a toggle switch. 7. A spatial filter setting display device, wherein the spatial filter according to claim 4 or 5 is used for removing noise from a binarized image.