JPH0711972A - Piston reciprocation type internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the intake and exhaust efficiency of an internal combustion engine and to reduce the size and the weight of the internal combustion engine and to enhance performance by eliminating adjustment of a valve gap and eliminating a water pump and a cylinder head. CONSTITUTION:A feed hole 8 through which fuel-air mixture is fed to the inner part 7 of a cylinder in a manner to work according to a crank angle and a hole 12 through which combustion gas is exhausted from the inner part 7 of the cylinder to the outside are formed in a cylinder 1 being of single double structure. A cylinder 4 is assembled in a manner to form a combustion chamber 16 at the inner part 7 of the cylinder and caused to perform a role of a cylinder head. Further, a gap between the outer cylinder 2 of the double structure cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 3 thereof forms a cooling water passage 10, and a plate-form spring 36 is attached to the outer cylinder 2 of the double structure cylinder 1. Through pressurization and inflow of cooling water to the cooling water passage 10, the cooling water is drained to the water jacket of an internal combustion engine to cool the whole of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to intake / exhaust and cooling of a piston reciprocating internal combustion engine.

[0002]

As a conventional technique in this field, a cylinder head is provided above a cylinder, and a combustion chamber for burning an air-fuel mixture is set in the cylinder head.
Mushroom-shaped intake valve to supply the air-fuel mixture from the outside into the combustion chamber and cylinder, and mushroom-shaped exhaust gas to discharge the combustion gas after combustion of the air-fuel mixture from the inside of the combustion chamber and the cylinder. The intake valve and the exhaust valve are installed in combination, and the intake valve, the exhaust valve, and the like, such as a valve camshaft for operating the intake valve, the exhaust valve, etc., according to the crank angle of each stroke of intake, compression, combustion, exhaust, etc. A valve mechanism etc. was built into the cylinder head to operate the mushroom-shaped intake valve and exhaust valve. In addition, regarding cooling of the internal combustion engine,
An external cooler cools the cylinder and internal combustion engine by pressurizing and introducing water into the cylinder block by the action of a water pump provided in a part of the cylinder block by an external cooler. The cooling water is circulated in the interior of the engine to circulate between the internal combustion engine and the cooler to cool the internal combustion engine.

[0003]

A mushroom-shaped intake valve for supplying an air-fuel mixture from the outside into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and a combustion chamber, and exhaust of combustion gas into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine and outside the combustion chamber. Both of the mushroom-shaped exhaust valves are
Due to the mushroom shape, there is a problem in efficiency such as supply of the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder and the combustion chamber and discharge of combustion gas into the cylinder and from the combustion chamber to the outside. In addition, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are provided, and the valve operating mechanism for operating the both valves is incorporated, so that the intake and exhaust efficiencies are lowered due to the dance phenomenon of the intake valve and the exhaust valve during the high speed rotation of the internal combustion engine. A valve operating mechanism for operating both the mushroom-shaped intake valve and the exhaust valve, in particular, intake, compression, unless the interval between the intake valve and the exhaust valve and the cam shaft is adjusted regularly. The combustion pressure and exhaust efficiency are reduced, and abnormal combustion is generated, which causes abnormal noise, noise, vibration, etc., which is uncomfortable and causes the performance of the internal combustion engine to be reduced. . Moreover, by assembling the cylinder head to a part of the cylinder block, the weight and size of the internal combustion engine are increased, and accordingly, cooling water is supplied from the cooler provided outside to cool the internal combustion engine to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. With a water pump provided in a part of the block, in the cylinder block,
Causes increase in size and weight of the internal combustion engine due to a water pump, etc. that circulates cooling water between the internal combustion engine and an external cooler by pressurizing and introducing water to cool the internal combustion engine and cylinder. It was.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the opening / closing timing of the valve is adjusted to supply the air-fuel mixture from the outside to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the internal combustion engine and the combustion chamber 16 by the crank angle. A mixture gas supply hole 8 is opened in the cylinder 3 so that the inside 14 of the cylinder 3 is opened to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 and the combustion chamber 16 so that the mixture acts only during the intake stroke of the mixture, and the mixture 3 is mixed from the outside. Qi inside the cylinder 1
4 through the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 and the cylinder 6
To the inside 7 and the combustion chamber 16. Similarly, in the same cylinder 3, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the internal combustion engine,
And the inside 14 of the cylinder 3 is opened to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 and the combustion chamber 16 so that the opening / closing timing of the valve for discharging the combustion gas from the combustion chamber 16 according to the crank angle acts only during the discharge stroke of the combustion gas. , A combustion gas discharge hole 12 is opened in the cylinder 3, and the combustion gas inside the cylinder 6 and the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 16 are discharged to the outside through the combustion gas discharge hole 12 and the inside 14 of the cylinder 3. To do so. Since the mixture gas supply hole 8 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 communicate with each other through the inside 14 of the cylinder 3, the inside 14 of the cylinder 3 is separated by the partition wall 15 so as to be independent holes. .

[0005]

The cylinder 3 functions as a cylinder head, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve depending on the crank angle.

In order to cool the cylinder 3 and the internal combustion engine,
The outer side of the cylinder 3 is covered with a separate cylinder 2, and the double-structured cylinder 1
As a cooling water passage 10, a double-structured cylinder 1 is provided around the cooling water inlet 33 to pressurize and guide the cooling water from the cooler 32 provided outside the cooling water passage 10. A groove 35 of a certain size is formed on the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the above, and one end 38 of a plate-shaped spring 36 having a size corresponding to the size of the groove 35 is attached to the outside of the double-structured cylinder 1. A cylinder outside the double-structured cylinder 1 behind the cooling water inlet 33 with respect to the rotation direction of the double-structured cylinder 1 by making the other end of the plate-shaped spring 36 bounce up from the surface 34 of the cylinder 2. 2 to the surface 34. Double structure cylinder 1
Plate-shaped spring 36 attached to the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2
A notch 21 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4,
The double-structured cylinder 1 is fitted and assembled in the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 constituted by the notch 23 of the fixture 22 for assembling on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4. The wide portion 40 and the narrow recess portion 41 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 are provided.
The rotation of the double-structured cylinder 1 due to the interaction between the double-structured spring 36 and the plate-shaped spring 36 causes the cooling water to be pressurized and flown into the cooling-water passage 10 of the double-structured cylinder 1, and the cooling water is From the cooling water discharge port 42 of the cylinder 1 having a heavy structure, the water is discharged to the water jacket 43 in the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 to keep the water pressure in the cooling device of the entire internal combustion engine constant. Therefore, since the above-described structure acts as a water pump, the water pump becomes unnecessary.

A hole is formed in the cylinder 2 covering the outside of the cylinder 3 at the same position as the mixture gas supply hole 8 formed in the cylinder 3, and this hole and the mixture gas supply hole 8 formed in the cylinder 3 are formed. The partition walls 15 are connected to each other so as to connect, penetrate, and integrate, and separate from the cooling water passage 10 to form a mixture passage.

Similarly, for the cylinder 2 covering the outside of the cylinder 3,
A hole is formed at the same position as the combustion gas discharge hole 12 formed in the cylinder 3, and a partition wall 13 is provided to connect, penetrate, and integrate this hole and the mixture discharge hole 12 formed in the cylinder 3. They are connected to separate the cooling water passage 10 to form a passage for discharging combustion gas.

[0009] A fixing tool is attached to a part of the cylinder block so as to form a combustion chamber of the air-fuel mixture in a part of the cylinder in the cylinder block 4, and the rotational force of the crankshaft is transmitted and rotated, depending on the crank angle. , Four-stroke operation of supply of air-fuel mixture into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, compression, combustion, and discharge of combustion gas to the outside are performed to generate power in the internal combustion engine.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A mixture for supplying an air-fuel mixture to the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1 from the outside to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 and the combustion chamber 16. The air supply hole 8 is opened so as to act only during the air-fuel mixture intake stroke at the crank angle of the crankshaft 9, and the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 and the outer cylinder 2 and inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1 are formed. And the cooling water passage 10 are separated by a partition wall 11, and a mixture gas supply hole 8 is formed in the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1.
Both holes are connected, penetrated, and integrated so that the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 functions as a passage for the air-fuel mixture.

Similarly, the outer cylinder 2 of the double structure cylinder 1
The crankshaft has a hole for discharging the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture from the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4 and the combustion chamber 16 to the outside and the inside cylinder 3 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12. 9 is formed so as to act only during the exhaust stroke of the combustion gas at the crank angle of 9, and is formed between the combustion gas exhaust hole 12 and the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1. The space and the cooling water passage 10 are separated by a partition wall 13, and both holes of the combustion gas discharge hole 12 formed in the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1 are connected, penetrated, and integrated. The combustion gas discharge holes 12 function as the combustion gas discharge passages.

The air-fuel mixture is supplied from the outside to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6, and the combustion chamber 16 through the inside 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1 and the hole 8 for supplying the air-fuel mixture. Further, the combustion gas flows from the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 and the combustion chamber 16 through the hole 12 for discharging the combustion gas, and the double-structured cylinder 1
Although it is discharged to the outside through the inside 14 of the cylinder, the mixture gas supply hole 8 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 are connected and penetrated in the inside 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1 as it is. Since they are matched, their actions interfere with each other and adversely affect each other. Therefore, the mixture gas supply hole 8 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 are provided.
To form independent holes, to perform independent actions, to interfere with each other and adversely affect each other, the interior 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1 is divided by a partition wall 15 to separate the mixture. The supply hole 8 performs its function only, and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 performs its function only.

The double-structured cylinder 1 having such a structure is formed in a part of the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder block 4 so as to form the combustion chamber 16 for combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The sealing material 17 having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance for preventing compression leak, combustion pressure leak, combustion gas leak, etc. of the air-fuel mixture from the combustion chamber 16 is installed around the combustion chamber 16. Dig a groove 19 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 of
The spring 20 is put in the groove 19 and is fitted on the groove 19 dug on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 so as to be placed on the spring 20. In addition, a part of the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 is cut out to provide a cutout 21.

The double cylinder 1 is formed on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 so that a part of the interior 7 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4 having such a structure forms a combustion chamber 16 for the air-fuel mixture. , This double structure cylinder 1
Using a fixture 22 for assembling the cylinder 18 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 with sufficient strength using bolts or the like, a part of the fixture 22 for assembling the double-structured cylinder 1 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 Is cut out, and the notch 23 is assembled so as to coincide with the notch 21 provided on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 to form an oval cooling water pool 24. In order to introduce the cooling water into the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24, a fixture 22 for assembling the double-structured cylinder 1 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 is provided with a cooling water conduit 25 for that purpose.

When the crankshaft 9 rotates, the timing gear 26 attached to one end of the crankshaft 9 also rotates at the same time,
The timing belt 27 fitted to the timing gear 26 also moves, and the timing gear 27 attached to one end of the crankshaft 9 by the timing belt 27.
The timing gear 28 attached to one end of the double-structured cylinder 1 which is connected to the 6 also rotates. When this timing gear 28 rotates, the double-structured cylinder 1 also rotates due to the movement of this timing gear 28, and now the cylinder block 4
The mixture mixture supply hole 8 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1 to supply the mixture mixture from the outside to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 and the combustion chamber 16 adheres to the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 and closes it. Since it is loose, it reaches the combustion chamber 16 of the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4,
From the outside, the air-fuel mixture from the outside passes through the inside 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1, through the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 opened in the double-structured cylinder 1, and inside the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4. 7 and the combustion chamber 16 are discharged and supplied.

When the crankshaft 9 further rotates, the piston 30 connected to the crankshaft 9 by the connecting rod 29 moves in the direction of the crankshaft 9 and at the same time, the crankshaft 9 rotates, so that the timing at which it is attached to one end of the crankshaft 9 is increased. The gear 26 also rotates, the timing belt 27 fitted in the timing gear 26 also moves, and the timing gear 28 attached to one end of the double-structured cylinder 1 in which the timing belt 27 is fitted also rotates. While the double-structured cylinder 1 attached to one end also rotates, the air-fuel mixture from the outside passes through the inside 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1 and from the mixture-supplying hole 8 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1 to the cylinder block. It is discharged and supplied to the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 of 4 and the combustion chamber 16.

At this time, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 opened in the double-structured cylinder 1,
Also, a combustion gas discharge hole 12 for discharging the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture from the combustion chamber 16 to the outside, and a double-structured cylinder 1
Since it is separated from the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 in the interior 14 by a partition wall 15, this operation is not affected at all, and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 is a double-structured cylinder. 1
Since it is blocked by the fixture 22 that is assembled to the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4, it does not affect this operation.

Further, when the crankshaft 9 rotates and the crank angle of the crankshaft 9 terminates the intake stroke for supplying the mixture to the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6, and the combustion chamber 16, the mixture is completed. To the compression step of compressing. FIG. 5 shows this state.

When the crankshaft 9 rotates, the piston 30, which is connected to the crankshaft 9 by a connecting rod 29, moves toward the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the inside 5 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4 and at the same time the crankshaft 9 is rotated. Since the timing gear 26 attached to one end of the dual structure also rotates, and the timing gear 28 attached to one end of the double-structured cylinder 1 connected by the timing belt 27 fitted in the timing gear 26 also rotates, The cylinder 1 also rotates, and the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1 moves from the air-fuel mixture combustion chamber 16 inside the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder block 4 to the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4. Then, the mixture gas supply hole 8 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 are moved by the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4. Occluded, the inner 5 surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the cylinder 1 is cylinder block 4 of the double structure
Covering the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the interior 7 of the cylinder 6 of
Since it is hermetically closed and closed, the piston 30 connected to the crankshaft 9 by the connecting rod 29 moves from the direction of the crankshaft 9 to the direction of the combustion chamber 16 to move the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 into the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 and the combustion. The air-fuel mixture in the chamber 16 is compressed. Crankshaft 9
When the compression stroke ends, the air-fuel mixture becomes a combustion stroke, and the air-fuel mixture burns in the combustion chamber 16 and shifts to the exhaust stroke. FIG. 6 shows this state.

In order to prevent the compression force of the mixture, the compression leakage of the mixture due to the combustion pressure, the leakage of the combustion pressure gas, etc., a groove 19 is formed in the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4, and the spring 20 is formed in the groove 19. Groove 1 in which a sealing material 17 having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance is dug on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 so that it is placed on the spring 20.
Due to the movement of the spring 20 placed in 9, the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 is in close contact, so that the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 inside the cylinder 6 and inside the combustion chamber 16 Since airtightness is maintained and compression leakage of air-fuel mixture, combustion pressure of air-fuel mixture, leakage of combustion gas, etc. are prevented,
Without any hindrance, the compression stroke and combustion stroke of the internal combustion engine are completed, and the combustion pressure of the air-fuel mixture causes the piston 30 connected to the crankshaft 9 by the connecting rod 29 to move toward the crankshaft 9 and The rotary motion is given to 9, and the compression stroke and the combustion stroke of the air-fuel mixture by the crank angle of the crankshaft 9 are completed.

When the crankshaft 9 rotates, the piston 30 connected to the crankshaft 9 by the connecting rod 29 moves toward the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the inside 5 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4 and at the same time as the crank. The timing gear 26 attached to one end of the shaft 9 also rotates, and the timing gear 28 connected by the timing belt 27 fitted in the shaft 9 also rotates, so that the double-structured cylinder 1 also rotates, and the cylinder block 4 until then.
The surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 which covers, seals and closes the interior 7 of the cylinder 6 of the interior 5 and the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture from the combustion chamber 16 of this air-fuel mixture. After the transition, the combustion gas was opened in the double-structured cylinder 1 that was in close contact with the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 until then, and the combustion gas was transferred to the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4, the inside 7 of the cylinder 6, and the mixture gas. The combustion gas discharge hole 12 for discharging the inside of the combustion chamber 16 of the cylinder block 4 to the outside is opened to the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4, and by the crankshaft 9 and the connecting rod 29. By moving the connected piston 30 toward the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder block 34, the inside of the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder block 4 can be changed. 7 and the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture that has accumulated in the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture passes through the combustion gas discharge / discharge hole 12 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1 and passes through the interior 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1. The combustion gas discharge hole 12 is discharged to the outside through the inside of the double-structured cylinder 1 and the mixture gas supply hole 8 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1. Because they are connected, penetrate each other, and interfere with each other,
Make sure that they are independent holes and do not interfere with each other.
A partition wall 15 is provided in the interior 14 of the double-structured cylinder 1 so as to separate the holes, so that each hole acts independently and does not adversely affect other operations.

With such a structure, the combustion gas is discharged to the outside from the inside 7 of the cylinder 6 of the cylinder block 4 and the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture without adversely affecting the other. The exhaust stroke of the combustion gas ends with the exhaust stroke of the crank angle due to the rotation of the crankshaft 9. FIG. 7 shows this state.

The exhaust stroke of the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture ends, the series of operations for generating the power of the internal combustion engine ends, and the air intake stroke of the air-fuel mixture shifts to generate new power. The crankshaft 9 still rotates, the timing gear 26 attached to one end of the crankshaft 9 also rotates, and the timing gear 28 fitted in the timing gear 26 also rotates, so that the double-structured cylinder 1 also rotates.
Until then, the cylinder 6 inside the cylinder block 4 5
The combustion gas discharge hole 12 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1 that is open to the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the inside 7 reaches the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 and is in close contact with the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4, Since it is closed, at this time, the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 simultaneously opened in the double-structured cylinder 1 was in close contact with the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 and was blocked. 5 is opened to the combustion chamber 16 of the air-fuel mixture in the inside 7 of the cylinder block 6 and is in an overlapped state.
Supplying through the interior 14 of the double-composition cylinder 1 initiates a new stroke for the internal combustion engine to generate power.

Even if a sealing material for preventing air-fuel mixture and combustion gas leakage is not provided around the air-fuel mixture supply hole 8 and the combustion gas discharge hole 12 formed in the double-structured cylinder 1, the cylinder is not required. The surface 18 of the block 4 and the surface 31 of the fixture 22 for assembling the double-structured cylinder 1 to the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 are rotated in close contact with the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1. There is no hindrance as it works.

In order to cool the double-structured cylinder 1, the gap between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 of the double-structured cylinder 1 is used as a cooling water passage 10 from the external cooler 32. In order to pressurize the cooling water and introduce it into the cooling water passage 10, a notch 21 formed by cutting out the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 and a fixture for assembling the double-structured cylinder 1 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4. The surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 around the cooling water inlet 33 of the double-structured cylinder 1 in the oval-shaped cooling water reservoir 24 formed by matching with the notch 23 of 22. A groove 35 having a certain size is dug in the groove, and a notch 37 is formed in a part of a plate-shaped spring 36 having a size corresponding to the size of the groove 35. One end 3 of the plate-shaped spring 36 from the surface 34 of the
A groove 35 formed by bouncing 8 and piercing the separate end on the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 behind the cooling water inlet 33 with respect to the rotation direction of the double-structured cylinder 1. It is attached to the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 so as to fit into the.

A double-structured cylinder 1 having such a structure
One end 38 of a plate-shaped spring 36 which is made to bounce up from the surface 34 of the cylinder 2 on the outer side of the inner wall 3 of the cooling water reservoir 24 having an elliptical shape.
9 is fitted into the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 so as to be in close contact with 9, and the double-structured cylinder 1 and the double-structured cylinder 1 are assembled to the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4. Assemble with the fixture 22.

When the crankshaft 9 rotates, the timing gear 26 attached to this one end also rotates and the timing belt 27 fitted in the timing gear 26.
The timing gear 28 attached to one end of the double-structured cylinder 1 connected by means of this also rotates, and the double-structured cylinder 1 in which this timing gear 28 is assembled at one end also rotates, so that the elliptical cooling is performed. Inner wall 3 of the water pool 24
The one end 38 of the plate-shaped spring 36 that has been levitated from the surface 34 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 that is in close contact with the inner wall 9 of the double-structured cylinder 1 also acts on the inner wall 49 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 by the action of the spring force. Since it moves in the rotating direction of the double-structured cylinder 1 in a state of being closely contacted with the cooling water in the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24, the plate-shaped spring 36 causes the cooling water in the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 to function as an impeller of the water pump. Then, the cooling water in the wide portion 40 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 is moved in the rotation direction of the double-structured cylinder 1 by the plate-shaped spring 36, so that the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 has a narrow recess. It is blocked by the portion 41, pressurized, and flows into the cooling water passage 10 of the double-structured cylinder 1 from the cooling water inlet 33 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 to form the double-structured cylinder 1. After cooling, the cooling water discharge port 4 of the outer cylinder 2 of the double structure cylinder 1
It is discharged from 2 to the water jacket 43 in the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 to cool the entire internal combustion engine.

The cooling water in the water jacket 43 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 is discharged to a cooler 32 provided outside when a certain water temperature is reached, and is cooled by an external cooler 32 by the amount of the discharged water. The cooling water thus generated circulates the cooling water through the cooling water conduit 25 opened in the fixture 22 for assembling the double-structured cylinder 1 on the surface 18 of the cylinder block 4 to cool the entire internal combustion engine. However, the water jacket 4 inside the cylinder block 4
Since the water pressure of the cooling water in 3 must be maintained at a constant water pressure, the adjustment is performed by the spring force of the plate-shaped spring 36.

If cooling water is discharged from the water jacket 43 in the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 to the cooler 32 provided outside and the water pressure of the cooling water in the water jacket 43 decreases, an elliptical cooling water pool is formed. The cooling water of the portion 24 is moved toward the narrow recessed portion 41 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 by the wide portion 40 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 by the plate-shaped spring 36 assembled to the double-structured cylinder 1. Carried
From the cooling water inlet 33 of the cylinder 2 on the outside of the double-structured cylinder 1 which is pressurized, the cooling of the cylinder 2 on the outer side of the double-structured cylinder 1 through the cooling water passage 10 of the double-structured cylinder 1. When the water pressure of the cooling water in the water jacket 43 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4 is increased to a certain water pressure from the water discharge port 42 and the water pressure in the water jacket 43 reaches a certain water pressure, the double structure of the cylinder 1 Cooling water does not flow into the cooling water passage 10 of the double-structured cylinder 1 from the cooling water inlet 33 of the outer cylinder 2, and the plate-shaped spring 36 and the narrow recess 41 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 are formed. During this period, the water pressure of the cooling water increases, and if the increased water pressure and the spring force of the plate-shaped spring 36 are exceeded, the plate-shaped spring 36 is pushed back, and the plate-shaped spring 36 is curved and The plate-shaped spring 36 is provided in the notch 37 formed in the spring 36. By doing so, it expands to form a gap, and from this gap, it flows back to the plate-shaped spring 36 and the wide portion 40 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24, so that inside the water jacket 43 of the inside 5 of the cylinder block 4. The water pressure of the cooling water, and by extension, the water pressure of the cooling water of the entire internal combustion engine is kept constant.

The plate-shaped spring 36 attached to the outer cylinder 2 of the double-structured cylinder 1 bends when it hits the narrow recess 41 of the elliptical cooling water pool 24, and the outer cylinder of the double-structured cylinder 1 is bent. The double-structured cylinder 1 which is stored in the groove 35 dug in the surface 34 of the second rotation rotates without any trouble, and the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 is moved from the narrow recess 41 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24.
When reaching the wide portion 40 of the plate-shaped spring 36, the plate-shaped spring 36 repels due to the spring force, and one end 38 of the plate-shaped spring 36 that has jumped up to the inner wall 39 of the elliptical cooling water reservoir 24 comes into close contact with it. .

[0032]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects.

According to the first and third aspects of the present invention, a hole for supplying the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine from the outside into one cylinder and the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture from the inside of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine to the outside are discharged. Open the exhaust hole to operate the mixture gas supply hole as an intake valve, the combustion gas exhaust hole as an exhaust valve, and the cylinder itself to operate the intake and exhaust valves. By moving the camshaft that operates according to the crank angle due to the rotation of the crankshaft to cause the internal combustion engine to eliminate the valve mechanism such as the camshaft, intake valve, and exhaust valve,
The internal combustion engine is made smaller and lighter, and the intake efficiency of the air-fuel mixture is improved.
Also, by improving the exhaust efficiency of combustion gas, it is possible to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine, and at the same time, it is unnecessary to adjust the clearance between the cam shaft and the valve. The noise from the engine is eliminated, and the quietness of the internal combustion engine is further improved.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, the air-fuel mixture supply hole for externally supplying the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is provided in one cylinder so as to operate according to the crank angle of the crankshaft. , A double structure cylinder is formed by forming a combustion gas discharge hole for discharging the combustion gas of the air-fuel mixture from the inside of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine to the outside, and is formed by the outside cylinder and the inside cylinder. The gap is used as the cooling water passage of the internal combustion engine, and after the cooling water is pressurized and flowed into this cooling water passage by the plate-shaped spring attached to the double-structured cylinder, By discharging near the cylinders, the cooling water is evenly allocated to each cylinder, so that each cylinder is cooled evenly and the cooling efficiency is improved, such as cavitation phenomenon. The plate-shaped spring attached to the double-structured cylinder acts as an impeller of the water pump and keeps the water pressure in the water jacket constant, so that the present invention functions as a water pump. ,
Since the water pump attached to the outside of the internal combustion engine is unnecessary, the internal combustion engine can be made smaller and lighter.

According to the invention described in claim 4, a groove is formed on the surface of the cylinder block, a spring is put in this groove, and a sealing material excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance is placed on the spring. By fitting it, compression leak of air-fuel mixture,
The performance of the internal combustion engine is improved by preventing leakage of combustion gas and combustion pressure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the internal structure of the internal combustion engine is obtained by assembling the structure according to the first, second and third aspects to the structure portion according to the fourth aspect with the fixture according to the fourth aspect. A combustion chamber for the air-fuel mixture is formed in the cylinder of, and the portions other than the air-fuel mixture supply hole and the combustion gas discharge hole of the double-structured cylinder are placed in the combustion chamber according to the crank angle of the crankshaft. Since it acts as a cylinder head to perform compression and combustion and generate power, the cylinder head can be eliminated,
The internal combustion engine can be made even smaller and lighter, and it is also effective for vibration of the internal combustion engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a front view.

FIG. 3 is a top view of a cylinder block.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a fixture for assembling the double-structured cylinder on the surface of the cylinder block.

5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1, showing an intake stroke of the air-fuel mixture.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1, showing the end of the compression stroke of the air-fuel mixture and the combustion stroke of the air-fuel mixture.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1, showing a discharge process of combustion gas.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a fixture for assembling a double-structured cylinder on the surface of a cylinder block.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a double-structured cylinder.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a cylinder lock.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the front of the main part of the cooling mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a double-structured cylinder.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Double-structured cylinder 2 Double-structured cylinder outer cylinder 3 Double-structured cylinder inner cylinder 4 Cylinder block 5 Cylinder block inner 6 Cylinder 7 Cylinder inner 8 Mixed in double-structured cylinder Air supply hole 9 Crankshaft 10 Cooling water passageway in gap between outer cylinder and inner cylinder of double-structured cylinder 11 Mixed air supply hole and cooling water passage formed in double-structured cylinder Partition wall 12 Combustion gas discharge hole formed in a double structure cylinder 13 Partition wall between combustion gas discharge hole and a cooling water passage formed in a double structure cylinder 14 Inside of a double structure cylinder 15 Mixture supply hole Partition wall provided inside a double-structured cylinder to separate the combustion gas discharge hole from the combustion chamber 16 Combustion chamber for air-fuel mixture in the cylinder 17 Sealing material with excellent heat resistance and wear resistance 18 Surface of cylinder block 1 Grooves dug on the surface of the cylinder block 20 Springs inserted in the grooves dug on the surface of the cylinder block 21 Notches on the surface of the cylinder block 22 Fixtures for assembling the double-structured cylinder on the surface of the cylinder block 23 Double-structured cylinder Notch of the fixture for assembling the cylinder to the surface of the cylinder block 24 An elliptical shape formed by matching the notch on the surface of the cylinder block with the notch of the fixture for assembling the double structure cylinder on the surface of the cylinder block. Cooling water reservoir 25 Cooling water conduit provided on a fixture for assembling a double-structured cylinder on the surface of a cylinder block to guide cooling water to the elliptical cooling water reservoir. It was mounted on one end of the crankshaft. Timing gear 27 A timing gear assembled at one end of the crankshaft and a double-structured cylinder. Timing belt that connects with the timing gear that is assembled at the end 28 Timing gear that is installed at one end of the double-structured cylinder 29 Connecting rod that connects the crankshaft and piston 30 Piston 31 Double-structured cylinder on the surface of the cylinder block Surface of fixture to be assembled 32 Cooler provided outside for cooling cooling water for cooling internal combustion engine 33 Cooling water passage in gap between outer cylinder and inner cylinder of double structure cylinder Cooling water inlet opened in the outer cylinder for inflow of cooling water 34 Surface of outer cylinder of double-structured cylinder 35 Groove cut in surface of outer cylinder of double-structured cylinder 36 Double-structured cylinder Plate spring assembled to the outer cylinder surface of the cylinder 37 Double-structured cylinder notch cut in the plate spring assembled to the outer cylinder surface 38 Double structure cylinder The plate-shaped spring attached to the outer surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the double-ended cylinder jumps up from the outer surface of the outer cylindrical surface. One end of the plate-shaped spring 39 The inner wall of the oval cooling water pool 40 The oval cooling Wide part of the water pool 41 Narrow recess of the oval cooling water pool 42 Cooling water discharge port opened in the outer cylinder of the double structure cylinder 43 Water jacket in the cylinder block

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A valve opening / closing timing acts only during the intake stroke of the air-fuel mixture in order to supply the air-fuel mixture to the inside (7) of the cylinder (6) and the combustion chamber (16) of the internal combustion engine from the outside by the crank angle. As described above, the inside (14) of the cylinder (3) opens into the inside (7) of the cylinder (6) and the combustion chamber (16) according to the crank angle, and the mixture is introduced from the outside into the inside (7) of the cylinder (6). And combustion chamber (16)
And a mixture gas supply hole (8) for supplying the gas through the inside (14) of the cylinder (3), and the same cylinder (3) is provided inside the cylinder (6) of the internal combustion engine (7) and The inside (1) of the cylinder (3) is so arranged that the opening / closing timing of the valve for discharging the combustion gas from the combustion chamber (16) to the outside by the crank angle acts only during the discharge stroke of the combustion gas.
4) is inside the cylinder (6) (7) and combustion chamber (1)
Combustion gas discharge for opening to 6) according to the crank angle to discharge combustion gas from the inside (7) of the cylinder (6) and the combustion chamber (16) to the outside through the inside (14) of the cylinder (3). A hole (12) is opened in the cylinder (3), and the mixture gas supply hole (8) and the combustion gas discharge hole (12) are provided.
Are connected to each other through the inside (14) of the cylinder (3) because they are on the same cylinder (3), the mixture gas supply hole (8) and the combustion gas discharge hole (12) are respectively provided. It becomes an independent hole, and the partition (1
5. A piston reciprocating internal combustion engine, characterized in that 5) is provided inside a cylinder (3) between a mixture gas supply hole (8) and a combustion gas discharge hole (12). 2. A cylinder (3) for cooling the cylinder (3)
The outside of the cylinder is covered with a separate cylinder (2) to form a gap as a double-structured cylinder (1), and this gap is used as a cooling water passage (10). A cooling water inlet (33) for further inflow is provided in a part of the outer cylinder (2), and a cooling water outlet (4) for discharging the cooling water in the cooling water passage (10) from another direction.
2) is provided in a part of the outer cylinder (2), and pressure is applied to the cooling water in the cooling water passage (10) to pressurize the cooling water efficiently so that the cooling water is efficiently supplied. In order to keep the water pressure of the cylinder always constant, the cooling water inlet (3) of the outer cylinder (2) of the double structure cylinder (1) is used.
Outer cylinder (2) of double-structured cylinder (1) around 3)
A groove (35) of a certain size is dug in the surface (34) of the plate, and a notch (37) is made in a part of a plate-shaped spring (36) corresponding to the size of the groove (35), Double structure cylinder (1)
A plate-shaped spring (3) from the surface (34) of the outer cylinder (2) of
6) one end (38) is flipped up and the other end is
With respect to the rotation direction of the double-structured cylinder (1), a groove (drilled in the surface (34) of the outer cylinder (2) of the double-structured cylinder (1) at the rear of the cooling water inlet (33). 35. The piston reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the piston reciprocating engine is mounted on the surface (34) of the outer cylinder (2) of the double-structured cylinder (1) so as to be fitted into the double cylinder (1). 3. An air-fuel mixture supply hole formed in the cylinder (3) in the outer cylinder (2) having a double-structured cylinder (1) with a gap formed to form a cooling water passage (10). (8)
A hole is formed at the same position as the above, and the gap formed between this hole and the cylinder (2) covering the outside of the cylinder (3) and the cooling water passage (10) are separated, and both holes are connected and penetrated, Unite,
A mixture gas supply hole (8) opened in the cylinder (3) using a partition wall (11) to form a mixture passage, and the cylinder (3).
The cylinder (2) that covers the outside of the cylinder is airtightly covered around the hole, and both holes are connected, penetrated, and integrated to form a mixture passage, which is opened in the cylinder (2) that covers the cylinder (3). The hole for supplying the air-fuel mixture (8) is caused to act on the opened hole, and the outside of the cylinder (3) is covered to form a double-structured cylinder (1).
Then, a gap is formed to form a cooling water passage (10), and a hole is formed in the cylinder (2) at the same position as the combustion gas discharge hole (12) formed in the cylinder (3). 3) and the cylinder (2) covering the outside, the gap and the cooling water passage (10) are separated from each other, and both holes are connected, penetrated, and integrated to form a combustion gas passage. A combustion gas discharge hole (12) formed in the cylinder (3) using (13);
The hole formed in the cylinder (2) covering the outside of the cylinder (3) was closely surrounded, and both holes were connected, penetrated, and integrated to form a passage for combustion gas, and the outside of the cylinder (3) was covered. Combustion gas discharge hole (12) is made to act on the hole formed in cylinder (2), and crankshaft (9) is attached to one end of double-structure cylinder (1).
To rotate the double-structured cylinder (1) by transmitting the rotational force of
8) The piston reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising: 4. Inside (5) of the cylinder block (4)
A groove (19) is dug in the surface (18) of the cylinder block (4) around the combustion chamber (16) for burning the air-fuel mixture formed in a part of the inside (7) of the cylinder (6),
A spring (20) is inserted in this groove (19), and on this spring (20) is excellent heat resistance and wear resistance for preventing compression leak, combustion pressure leak, combustion gas leak, etc. of the air-fuel mixture. The sealing material (17) is placed on the surface (18) of the cylinder block (4) and fitted into the groove (19) formed on the surface (18) of the cylinder block (4). To form a notch portion (21), and cut a part of the fixture (22) for assembling the double-structured cylinder (1) to the cylinder block (4), and cutting the surface (18) of the cylinder block (4). Make a notch (21), and the notches are the cylinder block (4).
The elliptical cooling water reservoir (24) is configured by combining the double-structured cylinder (1) with the fixture (22) that is assembled to the cylinder block (4). 3. A piston reciprocating type according to claim 1, wherein a fixture (22) for assembling the double-structured cylinder (1) to the cylinder block (4) is provided with a cooling water conduit (25) for guiding the cooling water to the). Internal combustion engine. 5. A double-structured cylinder (1) is formed in a part of the inside (5 (6) of the cylinder block (4) to form a combustion chamber (16) for burning an air-fuel mixture. Then, the double-structured cylinder (1) is attached to the cylinder block (4).
The outer cylinder (1) of the double-structured cylinder (1) is covered with the sealing material (17) fitted in the groove (19) formed on the surface (18) and having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. The plate-shaped spring (36) attached to the surface (34) of (2) is fitted into the notch portion (21) which is formed by cutting out a part of the surface of the cylinder block (4), and the surface of the cylinder block (4). The double-structured cylinder (1) is placed on the cylinder block (4), and the double-structured cylinder (1) is mounted on the cylinder block (4).
The notch (2) of the fixture (22) for assembling on top
Cylinder block (4) is made to match 3) with the notch (21) on the surface (18) of the cylinder block (4), and using bolts or the like so as to maintain sufficient strength.
Fix the double-structured cylinder (1) on the surface (18) of the fixture 2
Claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, assembled using 2
A piston reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 4.