JPH07116493A - Uniform granulation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a uniform granulation device wherein granulated matters having narrower weight distribution can continuously, efficiently be manufactured in large quantities. CONSTITUTION:A large number of recesses having proper sectional area and depth which are open to the outside, for forming granulated matters, are formed on the outer surface of an endless belt 10 which is continuously driven, and an incision 15 having proper depth is formed on either side of the recess on the outer surface of the belt normal to the running direction of the belt at the central point of the recess in the running direction of the belt. Further an elastic body 13 is attached to the interior of the recess 11, with the upper surface of the body 13 being positioned below the upper surface of the opening of the recess 11, and a raw material hopper 60 is disposed above the endless belt 10. And there are provided a leveling roller 70 for spreading the raw material on the downstream side of the hopper 60, a press roller 80 for pressing the raw material between the press roller and the outer surface of the belt 10 down stream of the roller 70, and a belt supporting part 50 which is placed on the rear side of the belt 10 at which the roller 70 and the roller 80 are located, and a rolling chute 90 is formed at a belt turnup point downstream of the roller 80.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a uniform granulating apparatus capable of continuously and efficiently granulating a large amount with a narrower weight distribution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The industry of giving added value by granulating a granular material and selling it as a product has been developed for a long time. For example, in the chemical fertilizer industry, clay, lightweight aggregate,
It is used in a wide range of fields such as candy granulation in the food industry, chemical seasoning granulation, tablet granulation in the pharmaceutical field, and electronic component granulation in the ceramic industry. It is used as an important unit operation. In these fields, rolling type granulators such as bread type and drum type have been developed since ancient times and are still used today. In addition, at present, various granulating devices such as compression, stirring, extrusion, and fluid type are being developed.

[0003]

Since the added value is increased by keeping the weight distribution of the product narrow, a granulating apparatus capable of granulating a large amount with a narrower weight distribution is desired at present. For that purpose, the granulated product may be molded by fitting it in a fixed mold. For example, extrusion molding may be performed by extruding from a fixed die, but in this case, the power is large and the conditions of the powdery particles that can be used are also limited. Further, if the raw material is fitted in the mold and molded, the weight may be constant and the power may be small, but the molded product does not easily come off the mold, which causes a trouble.

The present invention has been made in view of the drawbacks of the conventional granulating apparatus as described above, and it is possible to granulate a large amount with a narrower weight distribution, and the granulated molded product is formed from the mold. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a uniform granulating device which can be easily detached to easily take out a granulated molded product, and which enables efficient and continuous granulation.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the uniform granulating apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for uniformly granulating a raw material to be granulated such as a granular material or a kneaded material of the granular material. Yes, the outer surface portion of the continuously running endless belt is provided with a large number of recesses for forming granules having an appropriate cross-sectional area and depth that are opened on the outer surface side, and the recesses are formed on the outer surface portion of the belt. Notches of appropriate depth are provided on both sides in the direction orthogonal to the belt running direction of the recess at the central portion or substantially the central portion in the belt running direction, and the upper surface is located inside the recess below the upper surface of the opening of the recess. The elastic material is attached to the endless belt, the granulated raw material supply part is provided on the endless belt, and the raw material is evenly spread on the endless belt on the downstream side of the granulated raw material supply part. A pressing roller that presses the raw material between the outer surface of the endless belt and the downstream side of the roller. And a belt support portion provided on the back surface side of the endless belt where the leveling roller and the pressing roller are located, and a granule take-out portion is provided at the belt folding portion at the downstream position of the pressing roller. Is.

[0006]

When the granulated raw material is supplied onto the endless belt from the granulated raw material supply unit such as the raw material hopper, the raw material is moved by the leveling roller located downstream of the granulated raw material supply unit in the belt traveling direction. It is evenly spread on the upper surface of the belt and is evenly placed in a large number of concave portions forming a granulated product having holes on the outer surface of the belt. Then, the raw material put in the recess is pressed and granulated by a pressing roller located downstream of the leveling roller on the belt. In this molding granulation, since the elastic body is attached inside the concave portion, the material to be granulated is densely compressed and granulated between the elastic body and the pressing roller.

When the pressing force of the pressing roller disappears at the position downstream of the pressing roller, the granulated product is lifted upward from the concave portion by the restoring force of the elastic body fitted in the concave portion and easily peeled from the concave portion. Then, the belt bends downward at the belt folding portion, falls from the concave portion to the granule extracting portion, is taken out from the granulated material extracting portion, and is collected. When the granules are taken out from the concave portion at the belt folding portion, the outer surface portion of the belt is appropriately provided on both sides in the direction orthogonal to the belt traveling direction of the concave portion at the central portion or substantially central portion of the concave portion in the belt traveling direction. Since the depth notch is provided, the flexibility of the belt is improved and the upper surface side of the opening of the concave portion opens the mouth, and the granulated molded product is extremely well detached from the concave portion, and granulation molding is performed. The object is reliably removed from the recess and taken out. The belt is continuously rotated, and a large number of recesses for forming the granulated product are formed on the belt, whereby a large amount of the granulated product having a narrow weight distribution is continuously molded.

[0008]

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a uniform granulating apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the vicinity of a contact portion between a pressing roller and a belt, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the belt, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.

1 to 4, the uniform granulating apparatus 1 is
Rotation roller 20 driven to rotate by rotation drive device 21
And an upper part on the opposite side and an upper auxiliary roller 30 and a lower auxiliary roller 40 which are respectively located obliquely below the rotating roller 20 and wound around the endless belt 10, and the endless belt 10 is located above the endless belt 10 and can run continuously. A raw material hopper 60 serving as a granulated raw material supply unit, and a leveling roller 70 which is located on the downstream side of the raw material hopper 60 in the belt traveling direction and which is arranged with an appropriate gap from the belt surface and is driven to rotate by a driving device 71. A pressing roller 80 which is located downstream of the leveling roller 70 in the belt traveling direction, is attached with its surface in contact with the belt surface, and is driven to rotate by a rotary drive device 81, and the leveling roller 70 and the pressing roller 80.
From the belt supporting portion 50 attached to the surface opposite to the belt where the is located, and the curved rolling chute 90 which is the granule extraction portion provided at the belt folding position (belt bending portion) of the upper auxiliary roller 30. It is configured.

The belt supporting portion 50 is formed by a plate-like member whose both ends in the belt traveling direction are curved downward. Although not shown, the plate-shaped body of the belt support portion 50 is provided with a large number of air vent holes formed by penetrating the plate in the vertical direction. The belt support portion 50, the leveling roller 70, the driving device 71, the pressing roller 80, the driving device 81, the rotary roller 20, the driving device 21, and the upper and lower auxiliary rollers 30 and 40 are not shown. It is attached and fixed to the body frame of the uniform granulating apparatus 1. At the edge of the belt, a bank 10a having a predetermined width raised from the outer surface of the belt is provided continuously in the belt traveling direction,
The granulated raw material supplied onto the belt is prevented from spilling from the belt surface.

As shown in FIG. 3, on the outer surface of the belt of the endless belt 10, a large number of recesses 11 having a uniform size are regularly provided at equal intervals in the traveling (running) direction of the belt and the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction. The plane shape is almost square, and the depth is formed to an appropriate depth. The recess 11 is formed such that the cross-sectional area becomes larger at the upper part and becomes smaller at the lower part, so that the side wall becomes an inclined surface. In addition, an opening 12 having a circular cross section having a smaller area than the bottom is formed on the bottom surface of the recess 11 through the belt.

Therefore, the belt 1 is located at the center of the outer surface of the belt 10 in the traveling direction of the belt 10 of the recess 11.
A notch 15 is provided extending on both sides in a direction (belt width direction) orthogonal to the traveling direction of 0, and the notch 15 is adjacent to the concave portion 1 in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the belt 10.
It is provided in a straight line between the recesses 11 located closest to each other and between the recesses 11 located closest to the edge of the belt 10.
The notch 15 has a V-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 4, and its depth is about half the depth of the recess.

An elastic body 13 made of a foamed urethane resin is fitted and attached inside the recess 11, and the upper surface of the elastic body 13 is located at a proper distance below the upper surface of the belt, that is, the upper surface of the opening of the recess 11. And the lower surface is recessed 1
The elastic body 13 is formed to have a size slightly above the bottom surface of the base 1, and the lower side surface 13a of the elastic body 13 is adhesively fixed to the inclined wall of the recess. As a result, the elastic body 13 does not separate from the recess.

Leveling roller 70 and pressing roller 80
Although not shown, the width is slightly wider than the width of the endless belt 10. The leveling roller 70 and the pressing roller 80 are configured to be forcibly rotated by the respective driving devices 71 and 81 so as to rotate in the same direction as the traveling direction of the belt, and are separated from the upper surface of the belt 10. Is configured to be adjustable.

Next, the operation of the uniform granulating apparatus 1 thus constructed will be described. In the raw material hopper 60, several kinds of powdery granules (hereinafter, referred to as raw materials) as a raw material to be granulated are stored at an appropriate ratio, and the rotating roller 20 of the uniform granulating apparatus 1 is stored.
When the rotation driving device 21 is operated, the endless belt 10 is guided by the upper auxiliary roller 30 and the lower auxiliary roller 40 to continuously run. Further, the rotation driving device 71 for the leveling roller 70 and the rotation driving device 81 for the pressing roller 80 are operated, and the respective rollers 70, 80 are rotationally driven in the same direction as the traveling direction of the belt.

In this state, when a feeder (not shown) under the raw material hopper 60 is operated, the raw material is supplied onto the belt 10 and conveyed to the downstream side of the belt, and is evenly spread on the belt 10 by the leveling roller 70. Belt 10
It is evenly introduced onto the elastic body 13 of the recess 11 formed in the outer surface of the. The raw material is pre-compressed by the leveling roller 70. Then, the raw material taken into the concave portion 11 is carried to a position where the pressing roller 80 is located, where it is pressed by the pressing roller 80 and granulated.

However, at the time of this granulation, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower surface of the elastic body 13 is spaced from the bottom surface of the recess 11, and the side surface 13a of the elastic body 13 is the side wall of the recess 11. By being adhered and fixed, the central portion of the elastic body 13 is curved downward, and its bottom surface is deformed so as to be pressed against the bottom portion of the concave portion 11 to form a rounded granule, and the raw material is The pressing force of the pressing roller 80 is the elastic body 1.
Due to its elasticity with 3, it is tightly compressed and granulated.

Leveling roller 70 and pressing roller 80
Since the belt supporting portion 50 is provided on the back surface of the belt 10 at the lower position of, the pressing force of both rollers 70, 80 is effectively transmitted to the raw material. And the pressing roller 8
By providing the leveling roller 70 that uniformly spreads the raw material supplied upstream of 0 on the belt 10, the production amount, yield, and quality of the granulated product are stabilized. It should be noted that air is pushed out from the opening 12 at the bottom of the recess 11 when compressed by the leveling roller 70 and the pressing roller 80. In addition, a large number of this air is formed in the belt support portion 50, and air vent holes (not shown) are provided.
Escaped through.

In this way, the recess 11 and the pressing roller 8
The belt 10 is the granulated product formed and granulated by the action of 0.
The compression force acting on the elastic body 13 at this time is released by the progress of the pressing roller 80, and the restoring force lifts it upward from the concave portion 11
Peel from. At this time, in this embodiment, since the inner wall of the recess 11 is provided with a slope that spreads toward the outer surface of the belt, the granules are easily separated from the wall of the recess 11.

After that, when the belt 10 reaches the mounting position of the upper auxiliary roller 30 at the folding back portion, the belt 10 bends downward, so that the recess 11 opens in the direction from the upper side to the lateral side, and further to the lower auxiliary roller. Since 40 is attached at a position closer to the rotary roller 20 than the upper auxiliary roller 30, the direction is changed obliquely downward. At this time, a little half of the recess 11 on the outer surface side of the belt 10 on the side of the opening is expanded so as to open the mouth in the belt running direction (belt longitudinal direction) due to the presence of the notch 15, so that it is aligned on the straight line in the width direction of the belt. The granules are reliably and simultaneously separated from the existing recesses 11 and fall. In this way, the recess 1
The granulated material dropped from No. 1 falls on the curved rolling chute 90 installed in the lower portion of the upper auxiliary roller 30,
It is rolled on this and collected in a storage place (not shown). The granulated material is rounded by being rounded off when rolling down the curved rolling chute 90.

As described above, in the apparatus of this embodiment, the endless belt 10 having a large number of recesses 11 of the same size for forming the granulated material is continuously run, so that the granulated material having a narrow weight distribution can be efficiently and abundantly produced. Can be manufactured.

Next, a granulation test example conducted by using the uniform granulation apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described. This test example shows an example in which the sludge was granulated when the sludge was made into a fired aggregate. The sludge was a mixture of water purification plant sludge, magnesium oxide powder, waste silica sand, and fly ash, and the water content was 40 wt%. Each was put into the raw material hopper 60 at an appropriate ratio. The endless belt 10 is made of hard rubber, and the recess 11 has a cross section of 15 mm × 15 mm in the upper portion and 10 mm × in the lower portion.
10 mm in depth and 10 mm in depth. Inside the recess 11, elastic body 13 made of foamed urethane resin having a thickness of 5 mm 2 mm above the bottom surface.
The side surface 13a and the inclined wall of the recess were attached and fixed. The gap between the surface of the leveling roller 70 and the upper surface of the belt 10 was set to 5 mm, and the pressing roller 80 was set so as to be in close contact with the upper surface of the belt 10.

The endless belt 10 is driven by driving the rotating roller 20.
Was run, and the feeder below the raw material hopper 60 was driven to continuously feed it onto the endless belt 10 for quantitative granulation. Belt 1
When 0 is folded back at the mounting position of the upper auxiliary roller 30, the upper half of the recess 11 opens the mouth by the notch 15, and the granules are simultaneously released from each of the plurality of recesses 11 on the straight line in the width direction of the belt. Then it was confirmed that it would fall.
In this way, it was confirmed that the granulated material dropped from the belt 10 onto the rolling chute 90 and was further rounded while rolling on the rolling chute 90. As a result, a uniform granulated product having a diameter of 8 mm and a substantially spherical shape and a weight of 1.2 g (gram) was efficiently and continuously obtained in a large amount.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the elastic body of the present invention, in which a spring 14a is attached to the bottom surface of the recess 11,
An elastic body 14 is formed by attaching a dish-shaped receiving seat 14b to the upper end thereof. When the elastic body 14 is formed in this manner, it is possible to perform the compressing action of the granulated material and the detaching action from the recessed portion 11 by the restoring force of the elastic body 14 after the compression action is finished, as well as the receiving action. Zodiac 14
b has the effect that a semicircular shape can be imparted to at least the lower part of the granulated product.

The concave portion 11 of the above embodiment is formed such that the cross-sectional area is such that the upper portion is larger and the lower portion is smaller, and the side wall is an inclined surface. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape. The cross section may be formed so that the upper portion and the lower portion are uniform. Even in this case, the granules can be easily peeled and separated from the concave portion by the action of the elastic bodies 13 and 14 and the cut 15 provided in the belt 10.

The planar shape of the concave portion 11 is not limited to the above-mentioned square shape, but may be another shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a rectangle. In addition, the elastic bodies 13 and 14 described above
Shows the case where it is made of urethane foam resin, but it may be made of other rubber-like substances or compressible fluid inclusions. Further, the belt support portion 50 may be configured by connecting a large number of rollers having small diameters in series in order to improve the slippage of the belt, instead of the plate-like member whose both ends are curved downward.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, an endless belt provided with a large number of recesses for forming granules is continuously run, and the raw material to be granulated is leveled by the belt. Stabilize the production amount, yield, and quality of the granulated product by spreading it evenly upward and taking it into the recess with the elastic body installed inside, and then pressing it with the pressing roller to form the granulated product. You can Then, the separating action of the granulated product immediately after the compression granulation action by the elastic body inside the recessed part and the opening action of the recessed part at the belt folding part due to the notch make it possible to reliably and easily remove the granulated product from the recessed part. Can be done. Therefore, a large amount of granules having a narrower weight distribution can be obtained continuously and efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a uniform granulating apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the vicinity of a contact portion between a pressing roller and a belt according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a belt according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the elastic body of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Uniform Granulator 10 Endless Belt 11 Recesses 13 and 14 Elastic Body 15 Notch 20 Rotating Roller 30 Upper Auxiliary Roller 40 Lower Auxiliary Roller 50 Belt Support 60 Raw Material Hopper (Granulated Raw Material Supply) 70 Leveling Roller 80 Pressing Roller 90 Rolling chute (granule extraction part)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for uniformly granulating a raw material to be granulated such as a powdery material or a kneaded material of a powdery material, which has a suitable outer surface portion of an endless belt which is continuously run and which has an appropriate outer hole. A large number of recesses for forming granules having a cross-sectional area and a depth are provided, and a direction perpendicular to the belt running direction of the recess at the central portion or substantially the central portion of the recesses on the outer surface of the belt in the belt running direction. A notch having an appropriate depth is provided on both sides of the concave portion, an elastic body is attached to the inside of the concave portion with the upper surface positioned below the upper surface of the opening of the concave portion, and the granulated raw material supply portion is provided on the endless belt. , A pressing roller that spreads the raw material evenly on the endless belt downstream of the granulated raw material supply section and presses the raw material between the outer surface of the endless belt downstream of the leveling roller The roller and the back surface of the endless belt where the leveling roller and the pressing roller are located With a belt support on the side,
A uniform granulating device, characterized in that a granulated product take-out section is provided at a belt folding section located downstream of the pressing roller.