JPH07113317B2 - A plug and a water-stopping method for water-stopping and spring-stopping in the middle of a borehole. - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to the stoppage of lost water / spring water in the middle part of a borehole.

"Conventional technology" Drilling is carried out when exploring oil, geothermal and metal, and constructing foundation piles for civil engineering and construction. At that time, in order to prevent collapse of the borehole wall, muddy water is filled in the hole to stabilize the hole wall during the excavation.During the excavation, groundwater springs or cracks in the bedrock may occur due to cracks in the hole wall. Spills of muddy water are generated. Especially for oil, geothermal heat, etc., at least GL-500
The excavation depth is as deep as ~ 5,000m, and there are frequent spills and springs at various places during boring.

The places where such lost water and springs occur are the tip of the boring (bottom of the hole) and the wall of the boring hole (the middle of the hole).

When spring water is generated, for example, if the concrete wall formed by backfilling the casing is fragile due to insufficient wrapping of concrete and voids, groundwater damages the wall of the fragile part. Due to the intrusion into the borehole, or the water blocking hole wall film formed by muddy water is damaged when groundwater> muddy water pressure and groundwater enters into the hole.

Due to these situations, the leakage and dilution of muddy water occur and the stability of the hole wall is impaired.

If such lost water or spring water occurs at the bottom of the hole, countermeasures are relatively easy. Because the countermeasure is to fill the pore space of the lost water / spring with the water stop layer of the water stop material, and apply the water stop layer to the inside of the crack of the lost water / spring. Is to continue drilling by excavating the water stop layer formed in the hole space, and if the water stop material is simply sent to this part under the condition that there is a seat called the hole bottom, it will automatically This is because the water stop layer is formed on the bottom of the hole.

However, when water loss or spring occurs in the middle part of the hole, there is no overhead seat, so the water stopping material to be supplied flows away downward.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a plug as a seat for lost water or spring water in the middle part of the hole. Conventionally, the device proposed in USP 2,978,029 has been adopted as the means for the plug.

This is introduced below in FIGS. 3 to 8.

3 to 5 are operation procedure diagrams of the apparatus, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of an essential part of the embodiment shown in FIG.
7 to 8 and FIG. 8 are enlarged detailed views of the main part in the embodiment of FIG. 5, in which the device 10 is suspended from the wire conductor 11 in the casing 12 in which the pipe string 13 is arranged. Has been done.

The ring between the pipe string and the casing is sealed by a packer 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the device 10 has a packer portion 15 and a mounting tool portion 16. Packer part 15
Comprises an expandable packer sleeve 17 and an extendable slip arm 18. The installation tool part 16 comprises a hollow housing 19, which is initially a brittle disc or plate 20 positioned at its lower end.
And shear pin 25 (see Fig. 6) make it a fragile plate
Holddown pins 24 spaced apart from 20
Movable plug device provided with a cup packer 22 detachably attached to a packer plug or seal 23 having
21, a cement slurry 26 disposed between the device 21 and the fragile plate 20, a piston 27 located at a distance from the device 21, and disposed between the piston 27 and the device 21. It stores the cement slurry 28 that has been crushed and the ignition filler 29 that is disposed on the piston 27. The conductor 11 facilitates ignition by extending into the ignition filler 29.

Ignition filler 29 is ignited to inflate packer sleeve 17 and set slip arm 18, producing gas 30, as more clearly illustrated in FIG. 4, which causes piston 27 to expand during expansion. Move to the bottom. This movement of the piston 27 pushes the cement slurry 28, the device 21 and the cement slurry 26 downwards causing the rupture of the fragile plate 20 and the movement of the cement slurry 26 into the packer sleeve 17.

This action is clearly illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 8, which will be described below.

An inflatable sleeve 17 is fixed to the packer mandrel 31 by a plurality of collars 32 (only the upper collar is shown in FIG. 6).

The mandrel 31 comprises a hole 33 and a port 34, the latter being surrounded by a slip arm 17. The upper end of the mandrel 31 is detachably connected to the lower end of the housing 19 by a shear pin 35 (see FIG. 7). The hole 33 is in fluid communication with the inner lower end of the housing 19 and is provided with an O-ring seal 36 to seal the connection between the housing 19 and the mandrel 31.

Slip arm 18 swings at 37 Mandrel 31
And is located in a slot formed in the mandrel 31 when retracted. Leaf spring 45 on mandrel 31
Is fixed and serves to tilt the lower free surface of the slip arm 18 which is serrated for external engagement with the casing wall. The upper end of the slip arm 18 bears against the outer surface of the lower end of the housing 19. A shoulder 40 is formed on the inner surface of the mandrel 31 along the passage of the hole 33 to provide a seat for the device 21.

Similarly, a latch surface 41 is provided along the hole 33 for engaging the holddown pin 24 when the device 21 is seated on the shoulder 40, as shown in FIG. In the figure, the shear pin 35 has finished shearing. The cement slurry 26 expands the packer sleeve 17 and
45 is biased outward of the serrated end of the slip arm 18. Also, cement slurry 28 is an expanded packer
It is located on the plug formed by 17.

The operation will first be described with reference to FIG. The tool 10 descends through the pipe string 13 to the desired depth outside the lower end of the tool (the tool may instead run in an unrestricted casing) onto the wire wire 11 (or pipe depending on the operation). Can run on strings). The loaded pyrotechnic 29 is then ignited in the same manner as in a conventional punch. If the tool runs on a pipe string, a percussion style pyrotechnic actuated by a fallen "go devil" can be used. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the expansion gas 30 generated by the ignition of the pyrotechnic agent moves the piston 27 downward to move the cement slurry 28, the device 21, and the cement slurry.
Displace 26 downwards, but its movement causes the fragile plate or disk 20 to burst. The device 21 is arranged in the cement slurry 26 such that the amount of cement slurry 26 is proportional to the size of the packer 17 (the size of the packer itself being chosen according to the dimensions of the casing to be plugged). Sufficient cement to expand the packer 17 is used to form a close contact with the wall of the casing 12 without rupturing the packer 17. As shown more clearly in FIG. 6, a hole 33 is provided through the lower end of the housing 19.
The cement slurry 26 is pushed into the packer sleeve 17 through the perforations 34. Cup packer 22 shoulder 39
, The sufficient amount of cement slurry 26 fills the packer sleeve 17 and plugs into the casing. When the gas 30 expands further, the pin 25 shears and the packer plug 23
Move to its constellation on 40 and seal the hole 33 as shown in FIG. Hold down pin 24 latches 41 in this position
And the latch locks the packer seal 23 in the passage or hole 33. Scale 23 sleeve cement
Hold inside 17 to ensure that the packer sleeve remains inflated. When the gas expands continuously,
The internal pressure is increased to cause shearing of the shear pin 35, and as a result, the packer portion 15 and the mounting tool portion 16 are separated.

When the lower part of the housing 19 is removed, the spring 45
Causes the slip arm 18 to move outwardly to engage the casing wall. The rest of the cement moves to form columns that rest on the packer plugs filled with cement.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, the above-mentioned column has slip arms 18 and mandrels 3
When a metal member such as 1 is buried and the drilling blade is damaged during re-excavation (reaming) that is performed after the above-mentioned water stoppage that is performed following the installation of the plug, the depth becomes deeper. There is a difficulty in workability, and it takes a lot of time (set) for work, and the equipment is large, and it is 500k in one set.
Since it weighs about g and is hardened, it must be recovered (upper half of the device), and there are many problems in terms of workability and price.

"Means for Solving Problems" and "Operation" The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the gist of the present invention is to inject a waterproof chemical liquid made of wood, resin, or the like that can be easily cut by an excavating blade. A brush rod made of resin, wood, bamboo or fibrous thin rods, nets, etc., that can be easily cut with an excavating blade, is wrapped around a core rod that is removably attached to the end of a working rod with pressure water. Attach the plug to the tip of the rod for injecting water-stopping chemicals and push it into the lower part of the lost water / spring water spot, then drop the particulate matter to lock and deposit it on the brush material of the plug, and send pressurized water to the rod to plug And then a water-stopping chemical solution is injected into the granular material layer through the rod to solidify to form a solidified layer, and the gap between the lost water and the spring is clogged. When reaming, there is no risk of damaging the digging blade during reaming. The point is that it can be set quickly, is light in weight, low in price, and provides a waterproofing means that does not require any recovery work.

[Example] Hereinafter, this will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view of the plug of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2E are water-stopping process procedure diagrams of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 50 in the figure is a core rod made of a material that is easily cut by the action of an excavating blade such as wood or resin. The upper end of the core rod is fitted to the tip of the water-stopping chemical liquid injection rod. The degree is such that the rod is disengaged when pressurized water is supplied.

Reference numeral 51 in the figure is a brush material made of resin, wood, bamboo or fibrous thin rods, nets, etc., which can be easily cut by an excavating blade wound around the core rod 50.

Then, the push-in plug 52 for the boring hole.
The length of the brush member 51 is set so that a desired frictional effect can be achieved between the brush member 51 and the wall surface of the boring hole.

2A to 2E show a water stopping process using the above-mentioned plug 52,
Plug 52 to the lower part of the lost / spring water point 54 of the boring hole 53
Is attached to the tip of the rod 55 for injecting the still water chemical solution and pushed in.

For example, a granular material 56 made of glass spheres or fired clay that can be crushed by an excavating blade having a diameter of about 3 to 10 mm and a specific gravity of 1.2 or more, which is locked and deposited on the brush material portion 51, is dropped on the plug 52. A plug portion formed by depositing 56 is formed (a).

Pressurized water is sent to the rod 55, and the plug is dismounted using the strut of the plug portion (b).

Then, a cement is attached to the stopper via the rod 55,
A solidifying material 57 such as a mortar or a water stopping chemical is supplied (c).

The solidifying material 57 is a solidifying layer with the granular material 56 and the brush material 51 as the core.
59 is formed in the hole, and at this time, the gap between the lost water and the spring portion 54 is closed (d).

Re-excavation (reaming) is performed by the excavator 58, and the solidified layer 59 is removed by cutting (e).

Incidentally, one of the chemicals that can be adopted as a water-stopping chemical solution as a solidifying material having excellent permeability to the above-mentioned lost water / spring water spot 54 is an isocyanate chemical solution. This is a one-liquid chemical liquid containing a water-insoluble hydrophobic polyisocyanate compound as a main component and reacting with water in the ground to form a water-insoluble polyurea gel.

That is, it reacts with water and gels, but it is not diluted with water to flow, and the entire amount of the injected chemical solution is surely gelled and does not dissolve in groundwater or boreholes and pollute mud water. It has the characteristic that

The reaction of the chemical solution and the gel time can be controlled by the amount of the catalyst. However, this only controls the time when the reaction starts after contact with water, and no reaction occurs until contact with water.

Another feature is that the chemical solution does not gel immediately when the reaction starts after contact with water, but first generates carbon dioxide gas and becomes a liquid state containing bubbles, and then gradually gels.

That is, when a predetermined time elapses after contact with water, a reaction starts and carbon dioxide gas is generated, and the pressure causes the chemical solution to penetrate into minute cracks in the ground. Since the reaction proceeds from the leading portion of the chemical solution, it gels from the leading portion and seals the cracks. After that, the subsequent chemical solution fills the cracks one after another and surely seals the voids in the necessary range.

When the pressure in the periphery becomes higher, the generation of carbon dioxide is suppressed and the bubbles become finer, so that the apparent volume of the gel material becomes smaller, but instead, the gel material becomes dense and the strength increases.

"Effects of the Invention" The present invention configured as described above has the following effects.

(1) It is inexpensive. (Although it is disposable, it is so cheap that it is incomparable compared to the loss of conventional products.) (2) It is easy to use and does not require a special device. (Because the conventional product is expanded by pressure, it requires a large device.) (3) Construction is easy and the construction time is short.

(4) Post-injection (cement or chemical solution) can be continued without hand-holding, and reaming in the hole after consolidation can also be performed without waiting.

(Because the conventional packer is a recovery type, it takes a lot of time to recover (5
~ 6 hours). (5) Since it is not a large-scale device and is lightweight and compact, it is easy to handle and transport. Especially in the case of oil and geothermal wells, it is suitable because it is the sea or mountains that hinder transportation.

(6) Since it is disposable, there is no need to collect it, which makes it extremely easy to work with.

(7) Reaming can be performed without any trouble.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view of the plug of the present invention, FIGS. 2a to 2e are flow charts of the water stopping process of the present invention, and FIGS. 50 …… Core rod, 51 …… Brush material, 52 …… Plug, 53 ……
Boring hole, 54 …… Lost water / spring water spot, 55 …… Rod,
56 …… Granular material, 57 …… Solid material, 58 …… Excavator, 59 …… Solid layer.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A resin or tree which is easily cut by a drilling blade on a core rod which is detachably attached to the tip of a water-stopping chemical liquid injection rod made of resin or the like which is easily cut by a drilling blade. , A plug for water stoppage and spring water stoppage work in the middle part of a boring hole, which is made by winding a brush material made of bamboo or fibrous thin rods or nets. 2. A resin or tree which is easily cut by a drilling blade on a core rod which is detachably attached to the tip of a water-stopping chemical liquid injection rod made of resin or the like, which is easily cut by a drilling blade. , A plug made by winding a brush material made of bamboo or fibrous thin rods or nets, etc. is attached to the tip of the rod for injecting water-stopping chemicals and pushed down to the lower part of the lost water / spring, and then the granular material is dropped. The plug is separated from the plug by sending pressured water to the rod to separate the plug, and a water-stopping chemical is injected into the granular material layer through the rod to solidify and solidify. A method of stopping water / spring water in the middle part of a boring hole, which comprises forming a layer to fill the gap between the water / spring water and then reaming.