JPH0711226U - Reamer with pocket - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a reamer with high accuracy of hole drilling and cost reduction. [Structure] The tip-side occlusal surface 8 of the tip 1 and the holder-side occlusal surface 9 of the holder 2 are respectively occluded, the bolts 3 are inserted from the tip 1 side, and the bolts 3 are attached to the tightening bolts 4 screwed into the holder 2 in advance. By pressing and turning the tightening bolt 4 having the screw parts 13 and 14 which are reverse screws, the tip taper surface 10a and the bolt seat surface 10b of the bolt 3 are brought into contact with each other, and the pin hole 16 of the tightening bolt 4 is further attached.
The reamer with a pocket that is firmly tightened by inserting a pin into the wrench and attaching a wrench to the width across flats 15 for clamping provided on the shank 12 and fixing the wrench while turning the pin in the tightening direction with a jig or the like. .

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a reamer with a pocket, and particularly to a reamer with a pocket suitable for a cutting tool that requires high machining accuracy in a machine tool such as a machining center.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, reamers that have been used in machine tools such as machining centers and are generally required to have machining accuracy for finishing holes are known to have a devised shape for the biting part, which is the cutting edge that directly ejects chips. There is. In Fig. 7 showing the shape of the biting part of a conventional reamer, depending on the shape and position of the biting 90, (a) is a standard type of general biting shape, (b) is a large cutting allowance and the prepared hole is Step edging type is used when it is eccentric, and (c) is a two-step edging type used when stabilizing the hole diameter. Further, the reamer having the above-mentioned biting portion includes an integral type in which the cutting edge portion and the shank portion are integrally formed, and an assembly type in which the tip and the holder are mechanically assembled, and the reamer is used properly according to the situation. There is.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, the above reamer has the following problems. In other words, regarding the machining accuracy, (a) due to the cutting resistance generated when drilling holes with a reamer, the hole diameter of the workpiece is elastically deformed in the direction of increasing diameter, and the hole diameter after machining becomes smaller than the reamer outer diameter. In addition, the hole diameter is not constant due to machining conditions, etc. (b) Due to the cutting resistance mentioned above, the outer diameter of the reamer, such as the guide part, is easily worn early and machining accuracy is poor. Become. In addition, in order to satisfy the desired processing accuracy, the biting part that is easily damaged by hole drilling is reground and reused, but (c) the shape of the biting part requires special regrinding equipment. (D) If the number of re-grinding increases, the total length of the reamer becomes shorter, and there is a problem that position adjustment work is required when setting the machine.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides a reamer with a pocket that improves the machining accuracy of hole machining, improves the life, eliminates the need for re-grinding, and is also useful for cost reduction. With the goal.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, in the pocket reamer according to the present invention, the first invention provides a groove having an opening at the tip end and extending toward the other end on the outer peripheral portion of the shaft-shaped object. The tip of the object has a cutting edge, and the cutting edge has a pocket, the cutting edge on the tip side of the pocket is the main cutting edge, and the cutting edge on the other end of the pocket is the secondary cutting edge. It is characterized by being a blade. A second invention is a chip having a pocket on a cutting edge portion, a main cutting edge portion on a cutting edge portion on the tip side of the pocket, and a sub cutting edge portion on a cutting edge portion on the other end side of the pocket. It is characterized by comprising a holder having at least a shank portion, a bolt penetrating the inner surface of the tip and the holder, and a tightening bolt which is fitted with the bolt. In a third aspect based on the second aspect, one end surface of the tip is a substantially V-shaped uneven surface, and one end surface of the holder is a substantially V-shaped uneven surface that engages with the tip. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the second aspect, one end surface of the tip is a spigot and a conical taper surface, and one end surface of the holder is a spigot and a conical taper surface that fit with the tip. A fifth aspect of the invention is any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, which has a cutting oil supply hole. The reamer according to the present invention has the above configuration.

[0006]

[Action]

 The operation of the present invention having the above configuration will be described. FIG. 8 schematically shows the cutting resistance during conventional reaming. When the feed 52 by the rotation 51 of the reamer 50 is f, the cutting allowance 53 is a, the constant is Ks, and the biting angle 54 is θ, the radial component force Fr = f × a × Ks × cos θ. There is no reamer that completely cuts the cutting allowance 53 by such processing, and in general, most of the cutting allowance 53 is cut, but due to this radial component force Fr, part of the cutting allowance 53 is a hole. It becomes elastically deformed in the larger diameter direction and becomes uncut. This elastic deformation of the hole of the work material 55 causes the guide portion 56 of the reamer 50 to radially tighten the outer diameter portion, causing early damage to the guide portion 56, and uncut portion at the end. Since the hole diameter after machining is smaller than the outer diameter of the reamer, the machining accuracy is poor.

On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the biting part in the present invention. (A) is a main cross section of a bite part, (b) shows typically the deformation | transformation of the work material hole part at the time of processing. In the present invention, the pocket 6 for recovering the elastic deformation is provided between the main cutting edge portion 5 and the sub cutting edge portion 7, so that there is an action different from the conventional one. The first cutting by the main cutting edge portion 5 is the same as the conventional one. In other words, the work material 55 cut by the main cutting edge portion 5 has the inner diameter d1 at the maximum radial point 57 of the main cutting edge portion 5, but the uncut portion elastically deforms and escapes in the direction of the large inner diameter. . Next, the hole of the work material 55 reaches the pocket 6 by feeding the reamer. However, since the pocket 6 is a space, the elastic deformation of the hole of the work material 55 is recovered and is shown by a broken line 58. The inner diameter d2 is smaller than the inner diameter d1 which is not assumed to be elastically deformed. Subsequently, the auxiliary cutting edge portion 7 protruding by the protrusion amount δ from the maximum diameter point 57 of the main cutting edge portion 5 is cut. If the protrusion amount δ is too small, it is elastically deformed without being cut and escapes in the direction of the larger diameter. Therefore, the protrusion amount δ is preferably about several tens of μm. Since the sub-cutting edge portion 7 also cuts the uncut portion of the main cutting edge portion 5, the tightening of the reamer outer diameter portion due to the elastic deformation of the hole of the work material 55 is eliminated, and the guide portion 11 The wear and damage of the machine are eliminated, and the hole diameter is almost the same as the outer diameter of the reamer, resulting in good machining accuracy.

Further, in the method of mechanically assembling the tip and the holder, only the worn tip has to be replaced, so that stable and good machining accuracy can be obtained. In particular, the occlusal surface has a substantially V shape. In this case, the shaft center of the tip and holder are assembled correctly, and the variation in processing accuracy due to replacement is small. Furthermore, by providing a cutting oil supply hole, it is possible to supply oil as needed, such as when processing difficult-to-cut materials. From the above, it is clear that the present invention is based on an excellent action.

[0009]

【Example】

 An embodiment of a reamer according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows an outline of an assembly type reamer according to this embodiment. (A) is the entire cross section, and (b) is the AA cross section. The reamer 60 includes a tip 1 having a cutting edge portion, a holder 2 having a guide portion 11 and a shank portion 12, a bolt 3 and a tightening bolt 4 for mechanically assembling the tip 1 and the holder 2. .

As a supplement to FIG. 1, an outline of the assembly reamer chip is shown in FIG. (A) is a left side view and (b) is a front view. On the outer peripheral portion of the chip 1, a chip pocket 22 is formed which is a groove which is open to the tip end surface and linearly extends toward the holder 2 side. The tip pocket 22 and the cutting edge 25 are formed at six positions. The cutting blade 25 has a main cutting edge portion 5, a pocket 6 and a sub cutting edge portion 7 from the tip side of the tip 1. Further, the inner surface of the chip 1 has a chip taper surface 10a which is a conical taper surface that spreads toward the tip side of the chip 1 and a bolt hole into which the bolt 3 is inserted, and the rear end surface of the chip 1 forms a holder-2. There is a tip side occlusal surface 8 which is an assembly surface.

On the outer peripheral portion of the holder 2, there is formed on the tip side a guide portion 11 which is continuous with a chip pocket 22 formed similarly to the chip 1 and a cutting blade 25 (see FIG. 2A) and whose function changes. On the rear end side, there are formed a shank portion 12 which is an attachment portion with a machine tool (not shown), and a two-face width portion 15 with which a spanner or the like abuts during assembly. Further, there is a hole on the inner surface of the holder 2 into which the bolt 3 is inserted from the front end side, and a screw portion 14 which is engaged with the tightening bolt 4 is formed at the rear end portion. A holder-side occlusal surface 9 that is an assembly surface with the chip 1 is formed at the tip of the holder 2, which will be described with reference to the shape diagram of the holder-side occlusal surface shown in FIG. (A) is a left side view of the holder 2, (b) is a BB sectional view. The circumference of the circumscribed circle R1 of the guide portion 11 of the holder 2 is divided into four equal parts, and the points are designated as P1, P3, P5, and P7. Further, the circumference of a circumscribing circle R2, which is circumscribed to the guide portion 11 and viewed from the front of FIG. It should be noted that the respective points are intermediate points of P1, P3, P5, and P7 on the circumference of the circumscribed circle R1 in the front view of (a). That is, in a front view, the points P1 to P8 divide the circumscribed circle R1 (R2) into eight equal parts. Let P0 be the axial center of the holder 2 and the axial bisector of the circumscribed circle R1 and the circumscribed circle R2. If the points P1 to P8 are connected to P0 and the lines on the end face of the holder are L1 to L8, the plane surrounded by L1 and L2 and the inner and outer circumferences of the holder is FP1. Others are similarly formed flat surfaces, and the concavo-convex surface having a substantially V-shaped cross section is the holder-side occlusal surface 9. Although θ1 and θ2, which are part of the angles of the respective planes, are illustrated in (b), the angles are the same including those not shown. The tip-side occlusal surface 8 is a rough V-shaped surface that is the inverted holder-side occlusal surface 9.

The bolt 3 has a threaded portion 14 formed at one end for mating with the above-mentioned tightening bolt 4, and has at the other end a conical tapered bolt seat surface 10b that abuts the tip tapered surface 10a. The tightening bolt 4 has a threaded portion 14 on the outer periphery on one end side and a threaded portion 13 on the inner surface portion, which engage with the holder 2 and the bolt 4, respectively, but the threaded portion 14 and the screw portion 13 are reverse screw threads. Is.

As an assembling procedure, the tip-side occlusal surface 8 of the tip 1 and the holder-side occlusal surface 9 of the holder 2 are engaged with each other, and the bolt 3 is inserted from the tip 1 side. The bolt 3 is pressed against the tightening bolt 4 which is screwed into the holder 2 in advance, and the tightening bolt 4 having the screw portions 13 and 14 which are reverse screws is turned to rotate the tip taper surface 10a and the bolt bearing surface 10b of the bolt 3. Assemble with. Further, insert a pin (not shown) into the pin hole 16 of the tightening bolt 4, attach a spanner (not shown) to the width across flats 15 for clamping provided in the shank portion 12, and fix the spanner with a jig or the like. Turn in the tightening direction and tighten firmly. As a result, the chip 1 is accurately assembled to the shaft center of the holder 2.

The operation of the above assembly-type reamer will be described with reference to FIG. The shank portion 12 of the holder 2 is attached to the main shaft of a machine tool (not shown), and a mechanical hole is given to the reamer, while a prepared hole, which is a hole smaller than the outer diameter of the reamer, is machined in advance. The main cutting edge portion 5 starts processing the work material by bringing them into contact with each other and feeding them by a predetermined amount in the axial direction of the reamer. The chips of the work material processed at this time are temporarily accumulated in the chip pocket 22 or discharged to the outside of the work material. When the processing further progresses, the hole of the work material advances to the pocket 6. The pocket 6 is a space, and the elastic deformation generated in the work material is recovered by the main cutting edge portion 5, and the hole diameter is reduced. Subsequently, the hole portion is cut again by the sub cutting edge portion 7. This cutting progresses to a predetermined position, and the processing ends. The hole diameter after processing is equivalent to the outer diameter of the reamer, and the processing accuracy is good. Further, since the tightening due to the elastic deformation of the hole portion of the work material is significantly reduced, the guide portion 11 is less damaged and the durability of the holder 2 is improved. In addition, the assembly accuracy is high and the assembly is relatively easy, and the work time is shorter than the conventional re-grinding for chip regeneration.

Second Embodiment Next, FIG. 4 shows a main cross section of a cutting oil supply type reamer which is another embodiment. The holder 32 having the cutting oil supply holes 34, 35a, 35b continuous from the shank portion 12 side and the tip 31 are occluded by the tip side occlusal surface 8 and the holder side occlusal surface 9 which are substantially V-shaped irregularities, Tighten with bolts 33 from the tip 31 side with a screwdriver etc. to assemble. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The operation at the time of working is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, but the cutting oil can be supplied if necessary.

(Embodiment 3) Further, FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a spigot reamer which is another embodiment. The screw portion 43 provided on the inner surface of the tip 41 is rotated and tightened in the holder 42 having the cutting oil supply holes 34, 35a, 35b continuous from the shank portion 12 side, and the holder 42 is fixed by the spigot portion 44 and the conical taper portion 45. And the chip 41 contact and fix. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The operation during processing is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and cutting oil can be supplied if necessary.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the reamer by assembly is described, but if the cutting blade has the pocket 6 for releasing the cutting resistance, the chip 1 and the holder 2 are a single reamer. good. The position, size and quantity of the pocket 6 in the cutting edge may be determined according to the processing conditions and purpose. Furthermore, regarding the occlusal surface shape in FIG. 3, the case where the plane and the angle that are substantially divided into 8 parts are the same is disclosed in the embodiment, but the shape may be other than 8 parts, and the occlusal surface between the tip 1 and the holder 2 When specifying even the face part, partially different angles may be selected. Further, the shape of the cutting edge portion, the groove which is the chip pocket, etc. is not limited to the linear shape, and may be a spiral shape or the like which is usually used. In this embodiment, the case where the number of cutting edges is 6 and the number of chip pockets is 6 is disclosed, but it goes without saying that the number of cutting edges or the number of chip pockets may be other than 6 or 6.

[0018]

[Effect of device]

 Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. When finishing the hole of the work piece with a reamer, it has a pocket that releases cutting resistance, so that the part where the hole inner diameter is small can be cut with the secondary cutting edge part which is the second cutting edge, The hole diameter after processing is the same as the outer diameter of the reamer. Therefore, the machining accuracy is improved and a stable hole diameter is obtained. Next, by cutting with the auxiliary cutting edge portion, the hole diameter of the object to be cut becomes equal to the outer diameter of the reamer, and the tightening force of the outer portion of the reamer at the guide portion or the like is reduced. As a result, wear of the guide part is reduced and the life is improved.

Further, by making it possible to mechanically assemble the tip and the holder, etc., when the processing accuracy and the like no longer satisfy the predetermined specifications due to wear of the tip, it is sufficient to replace only the tip, and There is no need for re-grinding equipment exclusively for reproduction of parts. Furthermore, in the conventional reamer, the total length is shortened by re-grinding, and it is necessary to adjust the position when setting to the machine due to the change in the total length, but only the tip needs to be replaced, and the man-hours are greatly reduced. To be done. Various materials can be applied to this replaceable tip, so when using expensive super-tool materials such as CBN (cubic boron nitride sintered body) and diamond, it is cheaper to make the tip smaller. It is very effective in reducing costs.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly-type reamer according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chip for an assembly-type reamer according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a shape diagram of a holder-side occlusal surface according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a main sectional view of a cutting oil supply type reamer according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a spigot reamer according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a feeding portion according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the shape of a biting part of a conventional reamer.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating cutting resistance during conventional reaming.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tip 2 Holder 3 Bolt 4 Tightening Bolt 5 Main Cutting Edge 6 Pocket 7 Secondary Cutting Edge 8 Tip-side occlusal surface 9 Holder-side occlusal surface 11 Guide part 12 Shank part 22 Chip pocket

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A shaft-shaped outer peripheral portion is provided with a groove that is open at a tip end and extends toward the other end side, a tip edge portion is provided at the tip end portion of the shaft-shaped article, and a pocket is provided at the cutting edge portion. A reamer with a pocket, wherein the cutting edge portion on the tip side of the pocket is a main cutting edge portion, and the cutting edge portion on the other end side of the pocket is a sub cutting edge portion. 2. A chip having a pocket on the cutting edge portion, a main cutting edge portion on the cutting edge portion on the tip side of the pocket, and a sub cutting edge portion on the cutting edge portion on the other end side of the pocket. A reamer with a pocket, comprising: a holder having at least a shank portion; a bolt penetrating the inner surface of the tip and the holder; and a tightening bolt that is fitted with the bolt. 3. The reamer with a pocket according to claim 2, wherein one end surface of the tip is a substantially V-shaped uneven surface, and one end surface of the holder is a substantially V-shaped uneven surface that engages with the tip. 4. The reamer with a pocket according to claim 2, wherein one end surface of the tip has a spigot and a conical taper surface, and one end surface of the holder has a spigot and a conical taper surface that fit with the tip. 5. The pocket reamer according to claim 1, which has a cutting oil supply hole.