JPH07108361B2 - Clarification device for suspension and cleaning method thereof - Google Patents
Clarification device for suspension and cleaning method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07108361B2 JPH07108361B2 JP3137939A JP13793991A JPH07108361B2 JP H07108361 B2 JPH07108361 B2 JP H07108361B2 JP 3137939 A JP3137939 A JP 3137939A JP 13793991 A JP13793991 A JP 13793991A JP H07108361 B2 JPH07108361 B2 JP H07108361B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- water
- porous
- packed bed
- drainage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、SSを含有する懸濁液を
処理する新規な濾過装置およびその洗浄方法に関するも
のである。なお、ここでいう濾過とは通常の濾過以外に
生物化学的処理の場合のように空気等を供給しながら処
理する生物濾過処理法をも含んでいる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel filtration device for treating a suspension containing SS and a method for cleaning the same. The term "filtration" as used herein includes, in addition to normal filtration, a biofiltration treatment method in which air or the like is supplied to treat as in the case of biochemical treatment.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】スポンジ状の弾性多孔体粒状物を濾材と
した上向流濾過装置は、従来、特開昭60−14720
7号公報に開示されている。2. Description of the Prior Art Upflow filtration devices using a sponge-like elastic porous granular material as a filter medium have hitherto been disclosed in JP-A-60-14720.
No. 7 publication.
【0003】この従来技術は、図2に示すように原水2
0を上向流にて通水することにより網18の下面にスポ
ンジ粒状物19を圧縮させ、スポンジ粒状物濾材の空隙
率を小さくして濾過水23を得、濾過層再生時には洗浄
用水21、洗浄用空気22を濾過層に供給して濾材の洗
浄を行う技術である。As shown in FIG. 2, this prior art is based on raw water 2
By passing 0 in an upward flow, the sponge granules 19 are compressed on the lower surface of the net 18, the porosity of the sponge granules filter medium is reduced, and filtered water 23 is obtained. This is a technique of supplying the cleaning air 22 to the filter layer to clean the filter medium.
【0004】しかし、この従来技術の追試を実施した結
果、次のような重大な欠点があることが判明した。
スポンジを圧縮して空隙率を小さくした状態でSSを濾過
除去しているため、濾過開始後、短時間で濾層がSSによ
って激しく目詰まりし、濾過抵抗が急激に増加する。こ
のため濾床をしばしば洗浄しなければならない。However, as a result of carrying out a supplementary test of this prior art, it was found that there were the following serious drawbacks.
Since SS is filtered off with the sponge compressed to reduce the porosity, the filter layer is severely clogged with SS in a short time after the start of filtration, and the filtration resistance rapidly increases. For this reason, the filter bed must often be washed.
【0005】 濾過層の洗浄を下部から空気と洗浄用
水を上向流で供給して行うが、この際、スポンジ粒状物
が網の下面にますます強く押しつけられてしまい、濾材
を流動化できないため、濾材洗浄が非常に難しい。The filtration layer is washed by supplying air and washing water from the bottom in an upward flow, but at this time, the sponge particles are pressed against the lower surface of the mesh more and more strongly, and the filter medium cannot be fluidized. It is very difficult to wash the filter media.
【0006】従来技術において、このような欠点が発生
する原因として、図2のようにスポンジのような圧縮さ
れやすい粒状物の充填層の上部に接して、浮上阻止用の
網18を設けているため、原水の上向水流の圧力によっ
てスポンジが網の下面に強く圧縮され、SSが目詰まりし
やすくなり、濾過抵抗の急激な増加をもたらし、ますま
すスポンジ粒状物は圧縮されていまうという悪循環が確
認された。In the prior art, as a cause of such a defect, as shown in FIG. 2, a floating preventing net 18 is provided in contact with an upper portion of a packed layer of a granular material such as sponge which is easily compressed. Therefore, the pressure of the upward flow of raw water causes the sponge to be strongly compressed to the lower surface of the mesh, which makes it easier for SS to become clogged, resulting in a sharp increase in filtration resistance, and the sponge granules are increasingly compressed, creating a vicious cycle. confirmed.
【0007】即ち、従来技術にはそのスポンジ粒状物の
充填層を圧縮した状態でSSを濾過するという技術思想そ
のものに実用上の問題点が内在している。従って、従来
技術は到底優れた濾過技術には成り得ない。That is, in the prior art, the technical idea itself of filtering SS with the packed layer of the sponge granular material being compressed has a practical problem. Therefore, the conventional technique cannot be an excellent filtration technique.
【0008】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の課題は、前記
従来装置の持つ、の欠点を完全に解決することを目
的として、SSの捕捉容量が大きく、濾抗の上昇が少な
く、かつ濾材の洗浄が容易な新規な濾過装置およびその
洗浄方法を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to completely solve the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, and has a large SS trapping capacity, a small increase in filtration resistance, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel filtration device that is easy to clean and a cleaning method thereof.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、槽内に弾性多
孔性粒状物の充填層を設け、該充填層の上方部に多孔通
水部材を設け、該多孔通水部材の上方部に洗浄排水流出
部を設け、該多孔通水部材の下方部に洗浄時における該
弾性多孔性粒状物に対する洗浄排水の圧力を減少させる
ために洗浄排水の少なくとも一部を流出させる洗浄排水
流出部を設けるとともに、前記充填層の上方に原水流入
部を、充填層の下方部に濾過水流出口、洗浄用水供給
部、洗浄用空気供給部を配備せしめ、さらに前記多孔通
水部材下部の洗浄排水流出部を開閉せしめる弁を設けた
ことを特徴とする懸濁液の清澄濾過装置、および上記記
載の清澄濾過装置を洗浄する方法において、該洗浄用水
供給部および洗浄用空気供給部から水および空気を供給
して該充填層を洗浄し、洗浄時における該弾性多孔性粒
状物に対する洗浄排水の圧力を減少させるために該多孔
通水部材下方部の洗浄排水流出部から洗浄排水の少なく
とも一部を排出すること特徴とする清澄濾過装置の洗浄
方法であり、これにより上記課題を解決できる。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a packed bed of resilient porous granules arranged in the tank, a porous water passage member provided in the upper part of the packed bed, the upper portion of the multi Anadori water members Wash drain outflow
Is provided, and the lower part of the porous water-permeable member is
Reducing wash drainage pressure on elastic porous granules
In order to provide at least a part of the cleaning drainage water, a cleaning drainage outflow portion is provided, and a raw water inflow portion is provided above the packed bed, and a filtered water outlet, a cleaning water supply portion, and a cleaning air supply portion are provided below the packed bed. And a valve for opening and closing the washing drainage outlet of the lower part of the porous water-passing member, and a clarification device for a suspension, and a method for cleaning the clarification device described above, wherein: Water and air are supplied from the cleaning water supply unit and the cleaning air supply unit to clean the packed bed, and the elastic porous particles at the time of cleaning
The porosity to reduce the pressure of the wash drain on the
Less cleaning drainage from the cleaning drainage outlet below the water passage member
Both of them are a method for cleaning a clarification filtration device, which is characterized in that a part thereof is discharged, and the above problems can be solved by this.
【0010】本発明装置の特徴は、槽内に弾性多孔性粒
状物からなる充填層を濾過層とし、下向流にて懸濁液を
濾過清澄化する濾過装置であって、充填層の上方部に懸
濁液を導入する多孔通水部材を配備し、該多孔通水部材
の上方部に洗浄排水流出部を設け、該多孔通水部材の下
方部に洗浄時における該弾性多孔性粒状物に対する洗浄
排水の圧力を減少させるために洗浄排水の少なくとも一
部を流出させる洗浄排水流出部を設け、更に該下方部の
洗浄排水流出部に弁を配備したことにある。The device of the present invention is characterized in that a packed bed made of elastic porous granular material is used as a filtration layer in a tank, and the suspension is filtered and clarified by a downward flow. A porous water-permeable member for introducing a suspension is provided in the portion, and a washing drainage outflow portion is provided above the porous water-permeable member.
Cleaning of the elastic porous granular material at the time of cleaning
At least one of the wash effluent to reduce the pressure of the effluent
Part of the detergent drain outlet section for outlet provided, in further deployed the valve to the washing water discharge outlet of the lower portion.
【0011】即ち、本発明装置は、充填層を下向流にて
行う濾過装置において、充填層の空隙率を極めて高く維
持して、濾過時間を長く維持し、かつ洗浄を効果的に行
い得るように多孔通水部材の下方部に洗浄時における該
弾性多孔性粒状物に対する洗浄排水の圧力を減少させる
ために洗浄排水の少なくとも一部を流出させる洗浄排水
流出部を設けると共に弁を配置したことに最大の特徴が
あり、これにより、充填層にSSが残ることなく濾過能
力を高く維持して懸濁液の処理効率を高くすることがで
きる。That is, the apparatus of the present invention is a filtration apparatus in which a packed bed is operated in a downward flow, and the porosity of the packed bed can be kept extremely high, the filtration time can be maintained for a long time, and the cleaning can be effectively performed. The lower part of the porous water-permeable member
Reducing wash drainage pressure on elastic porous granules
Maximum is characterized, thereby, filterability without SS remains in packed bed the valve provided with a cleaning water discharge outlet portion for discharging the at least a portion of the detergent drain that is arranged for
The force can be kept high to increase the processing efficiency of the suspension.
【0012】また、本発明の洗浄方法の特徴は、上記装
置を操作することにより、上記多孔通水部材の上方部と
下方部に配備された各洗浄排水流出部への洗浄排水の排
出のタイミングおよび水位調整を規定したことにある。
即ち、充填層を水および空気を増加しながら洗浄すると
弾性多孔性粒状物は流動し、洗浄されながら徐々に多孔
通水部材に押しつけられ弾性多孔性粒状物は圧縮され
る。この間、洗浄排水は、多孔通水部材の上方部から排
出されるが、従来法ではこの圧縮状態をかなり長時間続
けるためSSの排除が十分には行えなかったが、本発明
では、該多孔通水部材の下方部に設けた該洗浄排水流出
部の弁を開くことにより、この下方部の洗浄排水流出部
から洗浄排水を排出することにより、多孔通水部材を下
方から上方に流れる洗浄排水の量を減少させることがで
き、これにより弾性多孔性粒状物の圧縮が開放され、弾
性多孔性粒状物の洗浄とSSの排出を改善することがで
きる。その際、それに伴って装置内の水位が低下する。
本発明において、多孔通水部材、ひいては洗浄排水流出
部が設けられる位置は、充填層の上方部である。ここ
で、充填層の上端と多孔通水部材との間に空間が設けら
れていることが洗浄をより効果的に行う上で好ましい。Further, the cleaning method of the present invention is characterized in that by operating the above-mentioned device, the above-mentioned porous water-passing member is provided with an upper part .
This is to stipulate the timing of discharge of cleaning wastewater and the adjustment of the water level to each of the cleaning wastewater outlets located in the lower part .
That is, when the packed bed is washed while increasing the amount of water and air, the elastic porous particles flow, and while being washed, they are gradually pressed against the porous water-permeable member to compress the elastic porous particles. During this period, the cleaning wastewater is discharged from the upper portion of the porous water-permeable member. However, in the conventional method, this compression state was maintained for a considerably long time, so that SS could not be sufficiently removed. By opening a valve of the cleaning drainage outlet provided in the lower portion of the water member, the cleaning drainage is discharged from the cleaning drainage outlet of this lower portion , thereby lowering the porous water passage member.
It is possible to reduce the amount of cleaning wastewater flowing upward from one side.
Come, thereby to compress the resilient porous granules is opened, it is possible to improve the discharge of cleaning and SS elastic porous granules. At that time, the water level in the apparatus lowers accordingly.
In the present invention, the position where the porous water-permeable member, and consequently the washing drainage outflow portion, is provided is the upper portion of the packed bed. Here, it is preferable to provide a space between the upper end of the packed bed and the porous water-permeable member for more effective cleaning.
【0013】また、該上部および下部の各洗浄排水流出
部の位置は、特に制限されないが、上部の場合は多孔通
水部材のやや上が、下部の場合は多孔通水部材から30
〜50cm程度下の位置が好ましい。The position of each of the upper and lower wash drainage outflow portions is not particularly limited. In the case of the upper part, the porous water-passing member is slightly above, and in the case of the lower part, the porous water-passing member is located 30
A position below about 50 cm is preferable.
【0014】本発明に使用する多孔通水部材は、弾性多
孔性粒状物の系外への流出を阻止し、充填層の膨張が許
容でき、かつ充填層を固定、保持できる構造であれば、
その構成は任意であり、特に制限はない。例示すれば、
弾性多孔性粒状物の粒径より小さい孔を有する網、多孔
板等公知のものが挙げられる。The porous water-permeable member used in the present invention has a structure that prevents the flow of the elastic porous particles out of the system, allows expansion of the packed bed, and can fix and hold the packed bed.
The configuration is arbitrary and is not particularly limited. For example,
Known materials such as nets and perforated plates having pores smaller than the particle size of the elastic porous granular material can be mentioned.
【0015】本発明に使用される弾性多孔性粒状物は、
大気圧下圧縮すると内部空気を排除して収縮し、圧縮を
やめると空気を内部に吸収して元の状態に復元される弾
性を有する多孔性の小体であって、吸水性を有するもの
ならいかなる形状、素材、孔構造等のものでも適用でき
る。The elastic porous granules used in the present invention are:
When it is compressed under atmospheric pressure, it shrinks by removing the internal air, and when it stops compression, it is a porous small body that has elasticity and is restored to its original state. Any shape, material, hole structure, etc. can be applied.
【0016】該弾性多孔性粒状物は、表面から内部にか
けて連続した穴を持つように形成された立体網目構造の
ものが最も好ましく、公知の発泡法等により製造でき
る。該弾性多孔性粒状物の素材としては、上記性質を有
するものであるならば、特に制限されず、有機高分子、
無機化合物等公知のものを使用できるが、中でも素材自
体に適度な弾性と強度とを有する素材が好ましく、特に
ウレタン樹脂等が好ましい。The elastic porous granular material is most preferably one having a three-dimensional network structure formed so as to have continuous holes from the surface to the inside, and can be produced by a known foaming method or the like. The material of the elastic porous granular material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned properties, and an organic polymer,
Known materials such as inorganic compounds can be used, but among them, a material having appropriate elasticity and strength as the material itself is preferable, and a urethane resin is particularly preferable.
【0017】例えば、ポリウレタンフォーム等の弾性多
孔性粒状物は、ウレタン樹脂等のプラスチックスを連続
気泡を造る発泡法で発泡して作製され、そのまま使用す
るか所望形状、サイズに切断して使用する。For example, an elastic porous granular material such as polyurethane foam is produced by foaming plastics such as urethane resin by a foaming method for producing continuous cells, and is used as it is or cut into a desired shape and size for use. .
【0018】弾性多孔性粒状物のサイズは、10〜30
mmであり、その形状は角形、球状、その他種々の形状
がとれるが、角形が好ましい。その比重は、通常0.8
〜1.2程度が好ましい。The size of the elastic porous granules is from 10 to 30.
mm, and the shape can be square, spherical, and various other shapes, but the square is preferable. Its specific gravity is usually 0.8
About 1.2 is preferable.
【0019】弾性多孔性粒状物の空隙率は、90%以上
が好ましい。また、気孔径、即ち、穴径は、0.1〜6
mm、好ましくは1〜4mmの範囲から選択することが
望ましい。また、1cm長さ当たりの穴の数は、5〜2
0個が好ましい。The porosity of the elastic porous granular material is preferably 90% or more. Moreover, the pore diameter, that is, the hole diameter is 0.1 to 6
It is desirable to select from the range of mm, preferably 1-4 mm. The number of holes per 1 cm length is 5 to 2
0 is preferable.
【0020】本発明の装置は、前記充填層の上方に原水
流入部を、充填層の下方部に少なくとも濾過水流出口、
洗浄用水供給部、洗浄用空気供給部を槽内に配備する
が、これら装置は、従来公知のものが適用できる。これ
ら装置は、公知の管路、弁、ポンプ、ブロワー等により
構成され、その構成は任意である。具体的には、洗浄用
水供給部、洗浄用空気供給部は、通常、穴を有する供給
管、管路、弁、ポンプあるいはブロワー等から構成され
る。また、濾過水流出口は、通常充填層を支持する支持
体、例えば、砂利層の場合はその中に、多孔板等の場合
はその下部に位置されるが、その接続管路を立ち上げて
充填層内の水位を確保するようにできる。また、これ
ら、濾過水流出口、洗浄用水供給部、洗浄用空気供給部
は、ブロック構造として構成されていてもよい。In the apparatus of the present invention, the raw water inflow portion is provided above the packed bed, and at least the filtered water outlet is provided below the packed bed.
A cleaning water supply unit and a cleaning air supply unit are provided in the tank, and conventionally known devices can be applied to these devices. These devices are composed of known conduits, valves, pumps, blowers, etc., and their structures are arbitrary. Specifically, the cleaning water supply unit and the cleaning air supply unit are usually composed of a supply pipe having a hole, a pipe line, a valve, a pump, a blower, or the like. In addition, the filtered water outlet is usually located in a support that supports the packed bed, for example, in the case of a gravel layer, and in the lower part of a porous plate, etc. It is possible to secure the water level in the formation. In addition, the filtered water outlet, the cleaning water supply unit, and the cleaning air supply unit may be configured as a block structure.
【0021】本発明装置は、SSの物理的除去のみに限定
されることはなく、該充填層に酸素含有気泡を供給して
好気的条件を保持させることにより、微生物を付着繁殖
させてその表面に生物膜を形成させて少なくとも好気性
生物濾過可能な汚水成分、例えば、BOD 、NH3-N等の生
物学的除去とSSの物理的除去を行うことができ、そのた
めの酸素含有気泡供給装置、即ち散気装置を充填層の下
方部等適宜位置に配備することができる。この散気装置
は、上記洗浄空気供給部と兼用されていてもよい。ある
いは、槽内を嫌気性条件に維持して嫌気性生物濾過装置
とすることも可能である。さらに、単一槽内に好気性濾
過層と嫌気性濾過層が共存した濾過装置を該充填層によ
り構成してもよい。The apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the physical removal of SS, but by supplying oxygen-containing bubbles to the packed bed to maintain aerobic conditions, the microorganisms are caused to adhere and propagate to grow. It is possible to form a biofilm on the surface to perform biological removal of at least aerobic biofilterable sewage components such as BOD, NH 3 -N and physical removal of SS, for which oxygen-containing bubble supply. The device, that is, the air diffuser, can be arranged at an appropriate position such as a lower portion of the packed bed. This air diffuser may also be used as the cleaning air supply unit. Alternatively, it is also possible to maintain the inside of the tank under anaerobic conditions to provide an anaerobic biological filtration device. Further, a filtration device in which an aerobic filtration layer and an anaerobic filtration layer coexist in a single tank may be constituted by the packed bed.
【0022】本発明装置、特にその充填層を洗浄する際
には、多孔通水部材下方部の洗浄排水流出部から洗浄排
水の少なくとも一部を排出するようにするものであり、
該洗浄用水供給部および洗浄用空気供給部から水および
空気を供給して該充填層を洗浄して該多孔通水部材上方
部の洗浄排水流出部から洗浄排水を排出すると共に該多
孔通水部材下方部の洗浄排水流出部を開閉せしめる弁を
開き、洗浄排水の少なくとも一部を排出することで充填
材の圧縮を解消する洗浄方法である。本発明の洗浄方法
は、水、空気、水および空気を用いた3通りの方法があ
り、種々組み合わせて行うことができ水と空気の供給は
同時でも別時でもよいが、少なくとも水・空気同時洗浄
および排水を1回以上行うことが好ましい。これら、
水、空気の供給のタイミングは自由に設定でき、連続で
も断続でもかまわない。また、該多孔通水部材の下部に
設けた弁の開閉のタイミングならびに1洗浄工程中の開
閉回数も弾性多孔性粒状物の洗浄排水による圧縮が解消
されるように、かつSSの排出が阻害されないように操
作する限り、自由に設定でき、水位の低下の程度も任意
である。 When cleaning the device of the present invention, especially the packed bed
The cleaning drainage from the cleaning drainage outlet below the porous water-permeable member.
To drain at least a portion of the water ,
Above the porous water-permeable member by supplying water and air from the cleaning water supply unit and the cleaning air supply unit to clean the packed bed.
The discharge of the cleaning wastewater from the cleaning wastewater outflow part of the section and the opening and closing of the valve for opening and closing the cleaning wastewater outflow part at the lower part of the perforated water passage member are carried out to eliminate the compression of the filler by discharging at least a part of the cleaning wastewater. It is a cleaning method. The cleaning method of the present invention includes three methods using water, air, and water and air, which can be performed in various combinations, and water and air may be supplied at the same time or at different times. It is preferable to perform washing and draining once or more. these,
The timing of supplying water and air can be set freely, and it may be continuous or intermittent. Further, the timing of opening and closing the valve provided at the lower part of the porous water-passing member and the number of times of opening and closing during one cleaning step are such that compression due to cleaning drainage of the elastic porous granular material is eliminated, and SS discharge is not hindered. As long as it is operated like this, it can be set freely and the degree of water level drop is arbitrary.
【0023】本発明の洗浄方法において、水または空気
の供給量は、懸濁液の種類、捕捉SSの付着の程度等の
より、適宜選定できるが、通常、空気としては、1〜2
m3 /m2 ・分以下、水は0.5〜1m3 /m2 ・分以
下が好ましい。In the cleaning method of the present invention, the amount of water or air to be supplied can be appropriately selected depending on the type of suspension, the degree of attachment of trapped SS, etc., but normally air is 1 to 2
The water content is preferably m 3 / m 2 · min or less, and the water content is preferably 0.5 to 1 m 3 / m 2 · min or less.
【0024】本発明の洗浄方法は、効果的に洗浄を行え
るので従来の洗浄方法に比べ洗浄排水発生比(処理濾過
水を洗浄用水として用いる割合)を低減することがで
き、通常、この比を10%以下にすることができる。Since the cleaning method of the present invention can effectively perform cleaning, it is possible to reduce the ratio of generation of cleaning waste water (the ratio of using treated filtered water as cleaning water) as compared with the conventional cleaning method. It can be 10% or less.
【0025】また、該多孔通水部材下部の洗浄排水流出
部の排水部は弾性多孔性粒状物の流出を防止するネット
等の部材を設けることが好ましい。Further, it is preferable to provide a member such as a net for preventing the outflow of the elastic porous granular material in the drainage part of the washing drainage outflow part under the porous water-permeable member.
【0026】[0026]
【実施例】以下、本発明の具体的実施例について説明す
るが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES Specific examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
【0027】図1は、本発明の濾過装置1の構成を説明
するものである。2は濾過槽であり、槽内に立体網目構
造をもつ弾性多孔性粒状物(ポリウレタンフォーム粒状
物)の充填層3が設けられている。本発明に採用する濾
材としては、種々の弾性多孔性粒状物が適用できるが、
好適な例は立体網目構造(孔径1〜2mm)をもつポリ
ウレタンフォーム粒状片(粒径10×25×25mmの
角状)を充填層厚2〜4mに充填したものである。FIG. 1 illustrates the structure of a filtration device 1 of the present invention. Reference numeral 2 denotes a filtration tank in which a filling layer 3 of elastic porous particles (polyurethane foam particles) having a three-dimensional network structure is provided. As the filter material adopted in the present invention, various elastic porous particles can be applied,
A preferred example is one in which a polyurethane foam granular piece having a three-dimensional network structure (pore diameter 1 to 2 mm) (corner shape having a particle size of 10 × 25 × 25 mm) is filled in a filling layer thickness of 2 to 4 m.
【0028】上記充填層を採用すると、充填層の空隙率
が97〜98%と極めて大きいにもかかわらず、粒径5
μm以上のSSをほぼ完全に除去できることが実験的に
確認された。When the above-mentioned packed bed is adopted, the particle size is 5 even though the porosity of the packed bed is extremely large at 97 to 98%.
It was experimentally confirmed that SS having a size of μm or more can be almost completely removed.
【0029】また、下水の濾過に適用した場合、濾速は
500〜1000m/dが可能であり、洗浄排水発生比
も10%以下にできることが認められた。4は、砂利な
どの支持床である。なお、支持床4に代えて充填層の下
部に網などの多孔通水部材を設置してもかまわない。5
は、濾過水流出管であり、充填層の上部界面の近くにま
で立ち上がって設けられている。6は、原水流入部であ
り、7は粗大異物を除去すると共に充填層の逆洗時に濾
材の流出を防ぐ網などの多孔通水部材である。次に8と
9が、洗浄排水流出管であり、多孔通水部材7を介在し
て、その上下に設けられており、流出管9には弁10が
設けられている。When applied to the filtration of sewage, it was confirmed that the filtration speed can be 500 to 1000 m / d and the generation ratio of washing wastewater can be 10% or less. 4 is a support floor such as gravel. A porous water-permeable member such as a net may be installed below the packed bed instead of the support bed 4. 5
Is a filtered water outflow pipe, which is provided upright near the upper interface of the packed bed. Reference numeral 6 is a raw water inflow portion, and reference numeral 7 is a porous water-passing member such as a net that removes coarse foreign matter and prevents the filter medium from flowing out when the packed bed is backwashed. Next, 8 and 9 are washing drainage outflow pipes, which are provided above and below the porous water-permeable member 7, with a valve 10 provided in the outflow pipe 9.
【0030】この構成が本発明の主眼であり、従来法に
見られた圧縮閉塞の悪循環を打開するものである。ま
た、9の洗浄排水流出口には、網等の濾材流出阻止部材
11が設けられている。次に、12は濾過終了時に充填
層に捕捉されているSSを洗浄除去するための洗浄用水
供給管である。同様に13は、洗浄用空気供給管であ
る。This structure is the main object of the present invention and is to break the vicious cycle of compression blockage that has been found in the conventional method. Further, a filter material outflow prevention member 11 such as a net is provided at the cleaning drainage outlet of 9. Next, 12 is a cleaning water supply pipe for cleaning and removing SS trapped in the packed bed at the end of filtration. Similarly, 13 is a cleaning air supply pipe.
【0031】本発明の濾過装置の作用を以下に説明す
る。下水などの懸濁液を原水流入部6から多孔通水部材
7の上部に供給すると原水中の粗大異物(木の葉、ゴム
片、毛髪、繊維分など)が、多孔通水部材7で除去され
る。その後原水は、弾性多孔性粒状物の充填層に下向流
で流入し、微細SSが、充填層内で濾過捕捉される。The operation of the filtration device of the present invention will be described below. When a suspension such as sewage is supplied from the raw water inflow portion 6 to the upper portion of the porous water-permeable member 7, coarse foreign matter (leaf, rubber piece, hair, fiber, etc.) in the raw water is removed by the porous water-permeable member 7. . Then, the raw water flows into the packed bed of the elastic porous granular material in a downward flow, and the fine SS is filtered and trapped in the packed bed.
【0032】原水中のSSが濾過除去された処理水は、
濾過水流出管5から系外に流出してゆく。ポリウレタン
フォームなどの立体網目構造をもつ弾性多孔性粒状物
は、空隙率が97〜98%と極めて大きいため、充填層
内のSS捕捉容量は、非常に大きく、濾抗の上昇が少な
い。The treated water from which SS in the raw water is removed by filtration is
The filtered water outflow pipe 5 flows out of the system. Since the elastic porous granular material having a three-dimensional network structure such as polyurethane foam has an extremely high porosity of 97 to 98%, the SS trapping capacity in the packed bed is very large and the increase in filtration resistance is small.
【0033】しかして、長時間濾過を続けるにつれて、
充填層内のSS捕捉量が限界に達し、濾過抵抗が上昇
し、多孔通水部材7の近くに水位が上昇してくるので、
その時点で、原水の流入を止め、充填層の洗浄を行う。However, as filtration is continued for a long time,
Since the amount of SS trapped in the packed bed reaches the limit, the filtration resistance rises, and the water level rises near the porous water-passing member 7,
At that point, the inflow of raw water is stopped and the packed bed is washed.
【0034】充填層の洗浄は、次のような方法で行うこ
とで、効果的に弾性多孔性粒状物を洗浄できる。 濾過水流出管に配備した弁14を閉じる。 洗浄用水供給管の弁15と空洗空気供給管の弁16
を開け、水・空気同時洗浄を行う。 水・空気同時洗浄によって、充填層内の濾材が水、
空気の上昇攪乱作用によって、流動、振動し、捕捉され
ていたSSが濾材から除去され、洗浄排水流出管8から
流出する。この時多孔通水部材7に捕捉されていた粗大
物も洗い出される。 上記操作を続けると、充填層が上向流によって、上
部に浮上してゆき、多孔通水部材7の下面に接する。そ
のまま、水・空気同時洗浄を続けると、濾材が多孔通水
部材7に押しつけられ、流動しなくなり、また圧縮され
るので、多孔通水部材下部の洗浄排水流出管9に設けた
弁10を開け、洗浄排水を該管9から流出させるように
する。すると、通水部材7の下面にかかっていた下方か
らの洗浄排水の圧力が下がる(それに伴い槽内の水位が
低下する)ので、濾材が多孔通水部材7に押しつけられ
なくなり、良好に流動するようになり、洗浄が効果的に
行える。このような洗浄時に通水部材7の下面にかかっ
ていた下方からの洗浄排水の圧力を開放し、濾材の圧縮
閉塞を解消する方法は従来知られていない新しい技術思
想である。By washing the packed bed by the following method, the elastic porous particulate matter can be effectively washed. The valve 14 provided in the filtered water outflow pipe is closed. Valve 15 for washing water supply pipe and valve 16 for washing air supply pipe
Open and wash with water and air simultaneously. By cleaning water and air simultaneously, the filter media in the packed bed is water,
Due to the rising disturbing action of air, the SS that has flowed, vibrated, and was trapped is removed from the filter medium, and flows out from the cleaning drainage outflow pipe 8. At this time, coarse particles captured by the porous water-permeable member 7 are also washed out. When the above operation is continued, the packed bed floats upward due to the upward flow and contacts the lower surface of the porous water-permeable member 7. If the simultaneous washing of water and air is continued as it is, the filter medium is pressed against the porous water-permeable member 7 so that it does not flow and is compressed. Therefore, the valve 10 provided in the cleaning drainage outflow pipe 9 below the porous water-permeable member is opened. The cleaning waste water is allowed to flow out from the pipe 9. Then, whether the lower part of the lower surface of the water passage member 7
The pressure of the cleaning wastewater from these plants decreases (with this, the water level in the tank
Since reduced to), the filter medium is not pressed against the porous water passage member 7, will be better flow, cleaning can be performed effectively. During such cleaning, the lower surface of the water passage member 7
The method of releasing the pressure of the washing drainage from below and eliminating the compression blockage of the filter medium is a new technical idea that has not been known so far.
【0035】以上の操作を5〜10分続けると、充填層
内に捕捉されていたSSが充分洗浄除去されるので、弁
15、16を閉として洗浄用水と空洗用空気の供給を止
め、濾過水流出用の弁14を開け、洗浄排水流出用の弁
10を閉じ原水の供給を開始する。When the above operation is continued for 5 to 10 minutes, the SS trapped in the packed bed is sufficiently washed and removed. Therefore, the valves 15 and 16 are closed to stop the supply of washing water and empty washing air. The valve 14 for outflow of filtered water is opened, the valve 10 for outflow of cleaning waste water is closed, and the supply of raw water is started.
【0036】この結果、多孔通水部材7上に捕捉されて
いた粗大異物と充填層内に捕捉されていたSSの両者を
効果的に洗浄除去できる。前記洗浄方法の工程におい
ては、1洗浄工程中に弁10を複数回開閉し、洗浄排水
流出管8と洗浄排水流出管9から交互に洗浄排水を流出
させ、濾材を動揺させることも効果的である。As a result, both the coarse foreign matter trapped on the porous water-permeable member 7 and the SS trapped in the packed bed can be effectively washed and removed. In the step of the cleaning method, it is also effective to open and close the valve 10 a plurality of times during one cleaning step to alternately flow the cleaning wastewater from the cleaning wastewater outflow pipe 8 and the cleaning drainage outflow pipe 9 to shake the filter medium. is there.
【0037】また、洗浄排水流出管8からの洗浄排水の
排出は必要により適宜行い、通常は洗浄当初に弁10を
開き充填濾材を圧縮することなく洗浄を行うようにして
もよい。Further, the drainage of the cleaning drainage from the cleaning drainage outflow pipe 8 may be appropriately performed if necessary, and normally, the valve 10 may be opened at the beginning of the cleaning to perform the cleaning without compressing the filling filter medium.
【0038】尚、充填層の下方部に酸素含有ガス17を
供給しながら濾過操作を行うと濾材に微生物が固定化さ
れるので、好気性生物処理を同時に行える。When the filtration operation is performed while supplying the oxygen-containing gas 17 to the lower portion of the packed bed, microorganisms are immobilized on the filter medium, so that the aerobic biological treatment can be simultaneously performed.
【0039】[0039]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、次のような重要な効果
が得られ、従来技術の欠点を解決できる。 濾材を効
果的に洗浄できる。 原水中の粗大異物を効果的に除
去でき、また、その洗浄も容易である。 濾過層の目
詰まりが少ない。濾抗上昇が遅い。 高い濾過速度を
とれる。According to the present invention, the following important effects can be obtained and the drawbacks of the prior art can be solved. The filter medium can be effectively washed. Coarse foreign matter in raw water can be removed effectively, and its cleaning is easy. Little clogging of the filtration layer. Slow rise in filter resistance. High filtration rate can be obtained.
【図1】本発明の濾過装置の具体例を説明するための図
である。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of a filtration device of the present invention.
【図2】従来法による濾過装置を説明する図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a filtration device according to a conventional method.
1 本発明の濾過装置 2 濾過槽 3 充填層 4 支持床 5 濾過水流出管 6 原水流入部 7 多孔通水部材 8 洗浄排水流出管 9 洗浄排水流出管 10 弁 11 濾材流出阻止部材 12 洗浄用水供給管 13 洗浄用空気供給管 14 弁 15 弁 16 弁 17 酸素含有ガス 18 網 19 スポンジ粒状物 20 原水 21 洗浄用水 22 洗浄用空気 23 濾過水 1 Filtration device of the present invention 2 Filtration tank 3 Packed bed 4 Support bed 5 Filtered water outflow pipe 6 Raw water inflow part 7 Porous water passage member 8 Wash drainage outflow pipe 9 Wash drainage outflow pipe 10 Valve 11 Filter medium outflow blocking member 12 Washing water supply Pipe 13 Washing air supply pipe 14 Valve 15 Valve 16 Valve 17 Oxygen-containing gas 18 Net 19 Sponge granules 20 Raw water 21 Washing water 22 Washing air 23 Filtration water
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C02F 3/06 3/10 A ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display C02F 3/06 3/10 A
Claims (2)
け、該充填層の上方部に多孔通水部材を設け、該多孔通
水部材の上方部に洗浄排水流出部を設け、該多孔通水部
材の下方部に洗浄時における該弾性多孔性粒状物に対す
る洗浄排水の圧力を減少させるために洗浄排水の少なく
とも一部を流出させる洗浄排水流出部を設けるととも
に、前記充填層の上方に原水流入部を、充填層の下方部
に濾過水流出口、洗浄用水供給部、洗浄用空気供給部を
配備せしめ、さらに前記多孔通水部材下部の洗浄排水流
出部を開閉せしめる弁を設けたことを特徴とする懸濁液
の清澄濾過装置。1. A packed layer of an elastic porous granular material is provided in a tank, a porous water-passing member is provided above the packed layer, and a cleaning drainage outlet is provided above the porous water-passing member. Porous water passage
The lower part of the material against the elastic porous particles during washing
Less wash drainage to reduce pressure
In addition to providing a washing drainage outflow part for outflowing a part, a raw water inflow part is provided above the packed bed, and a filtered water outlet, a cleaning water supply part, and a cleaning air supply part are provided below the packed bed. A clarification / filtration apparatus for a suspension, which is provided with a valve for opening / closing a washing / drainage outflow portion under the porous water-passing member.
方法において、該洗浄用水供給部および洗浄用空気供給
部から水および空気を供給して該充填層を洗浄し、洗浄
時における該弾性多孔性粒状物に対する洗浄排水の圧力
を減少させるために該多孔通水部材下方部の洗浄排水流
出部から洗浄排水の少なくとも一部を排出することを特
徴とする清澄濾過装置の洗浄方法。2. The method for cleaning a clarification filtration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein water and air are supplied from the cleaning water supply unit and the cleaning air supply unit to clean the packed bed and the cleaning is performed.
Pressure of wash drainage on the elastic porous granules during
To reduce the flow
A method for cleaning a clarification filtration device, characterized in that at least a part of the cleaning waste water is discharged from the outlet .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3137939A JPH07108361B2 (en) | 1991-06-10 | 1991-06-10 | Clarification device for suspension and cleaning method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3137939A JPH07108361B2 (en) | 1991-06-10 | 1991-06-10 | Clarification device for suspension and cleaning method thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04363105A JPH04363105A (en) | 1992-12-16 |
JPH07108361B2 true JPH07108361B2 (en) | 1995-11-22 |
Family
ID=15210238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3137939A Expired - Lifetime JPH07108361B2 (en) | 1991-06-10 | 1991-06-10 | Clarification device for suspension and cleaning method thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH07108361B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2816087B2 (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-10-27 | 株式会社西原環境衛生研究所 | Biological treatment equipment for lipid-containing wastewater |
-
1991
- 1991-06-10 JP JP3137939A patent/JPH07108361B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH04363105A (en) | 1992-12-16 |
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