JPH07104512B2 - Liquid crystal cell - Google Patents
Liquid crystal cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07104512B2 JPH07104512B2 JP61017420A JP1742086A JPH07104512B2 JP H07104512 B2 JPH07104512 B2 JP H07104512B2 JP 61017420 A JP61017420 A JP 61017420A JP 1742086 A JP1742086 A JP 1742086A JP H07104512 B2 JPH07104512 B2 JP H07104512B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal cell
- film
- alignment
- substrates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 イ）産業上の利用分野 本発明はカイラルスメクチツク相（smc*）を示すなどの
強誘電性液晶を用いた液晶セルに関する。The present invention relates to a liquid crystal cell using a ferroelectric liquid crystal exhibiting a chiral smectic phase (smc * ).
ロ）従来の技術 液晶の中でも高速応答性があるという事で、強誘電性の
液晶、とりわけカイラルスメクチツク液晶がアブライド
・フイジツクス・レターズ第38巻第11号（1980年６月１
日）等にて発表され、注目されている。この液晶は通常
もつている固有ピツチより小さいギヤツプ間に挟持し、
その挟持体に配向処理を施しておくと、第４図に示すよ
うに分子軸の方位と分極（Ps）の特異性から電界の有無
によつて分子軸の方位が２位置に制御できるものであ
る。(B) Conventional technology Because of its high-speed response among liquid crystals, ferroelectric liquid crystals, especially chiral smectic liquid crystals, have been developed by Abride Physics Letters Vol. 38, No. 11 (June 1980).
It was announced in Japan, etc., and is receiving attention. This liquid crystal is sandwiched between the gears that are smaller than the unique pitch that you usually have,
If the sandwich is subjected to orientation treatment, the orientation of the molecular axis can be controlled to two positions depending on the presence or absence of an electric field from the orientation of the molecular axis and the peculiarity of polarization (Ps) as shown in FIG. is there.
ところでで斯る液晶で最も問題となるのは、いかにして
有効領域内に均一なモノドメインを形成するかという事
である。例えば特開昭60−57821号公報では、PVA、テフ
ロン、ポリイミド、シラン等の配向膜にラビング等の配
向処理を施す事が示されているが、均一配向しないで無
電界時に配向不良による模様が観察されることがしばし
ば生じ不都合であつた。By the way, the most important problem with such a liquid crystal is how to form a uniform monodomain in the effective region. For example, in JP-A-60-57821, it is shown that an alignment film such as PVA, Teflon, polyimide, or silane is subjected to an alignment treatment such as rubbing. It was often observed and was inconvenient.
そこで我々は先に、液晶を挟持する２つの面の各々に、
一方には液晶の自発分極に作用する被膜を、他方には液
晶の分子軸に作用する被膜を設ける事を提案し、均一な
モノドメインを得ることができた。しかし乍ら、配向処
理について検討していくうちに、高速応答性ならびにメ
モリ特性についての特性改善ならびに安定性を見い出す
ことに成功した。So, first, on each of the two sides that hold the liquid crystal,
It was proposed to provide a film that acts on the spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal on one side and a film that acts on the molecular axis of the liquid crystal on the other side, and could obtain a uniform monodomain. However, we have succeeded in finding the characteristics improvement and stability of high-speed response and memory characteristics while studying the alignment treatment.
ハ）発明が解決しようとする問題点 即ち、第３図は15Vo−ｐ、100μsecのパルス（イ）に対
する応答を示す特性図で、（ロ）はせん断配向法（表面
無処理の清浄な基板間にsmc*強誘電液晶を挟持したの
ち、両基板をわずかにずらせることにより液晶分子を一
方向に配列させる方法。基板表面による配向規制効果は
非常に小さいと考えられる。）によるモノドメインの応
答である。一方（ハ）は上述した配向膜において一軸性
配向膜（例えばポリイミド膜）にラビングを行い、分極
に作用する膜と対向配置した時のモノドメインの応答を
示すが、この両特性から明確な如く、応答性もメモリ特
性もせん断配向法によるモノドメインの方が優れてい
る。C) Problems to be solved by the invention That is, FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a response to a pulse (a) of 15 Vo-p, 100 μsec, and (b) is a shear orientation method (between clean substrates without surface treatment). A method of aligning liquid crystal molecules in one direction by sandwiching a smc * ferroelectric liquid crystal between the two substrates and then slightly shifting both substrates. It is considered that the alignment control effect by the substrate surface is very small.) Is. On the other hand, (c) shows the response of the monodomain when the uniaxial alignment film (for example, a polyimide film) is rubbed in the above-mentioned alignment film and is arranged opposite to the film that acts on polarization. The responsiveness and memory characteristics of the monodomain by the shear orientation method are superior.
従つて本発明は均一配向に加え、特性のすぐれた液晶セ
ルを提供するものである。Therefore, the present invention provides a liquid crystal cell having excellent characteristics in addition to uniform alignment.
ニ）問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は上述の点に鑑み、一軸性配向膜に配向処理を施
こすと配向規制効果が強すぎる事に着目してなされたも
ので、強誘電液晶を挟持する一方の基板には、自発分極
に作用する膜としてフルオロアルキル鎖（CnF2n＋１）
を分岐した高分子膜を、その表面に配向処理を施こして
用い、他方の基板には一軸性配向膜としてポリアミド樹
脂系、ポリイミド樹脂系、ポリアミドイミド系、ポリビ
ニルアルコールから選ばれる単体もしくは複合された有
機高分子膜を配向処理しないで用いるものである。D) Means for Solving the Problems In view of the above points, the present invention has been made by focusing on the fact that the alignment control effect is too strong when the alignment treatment is applied to the uniaxial alignment film. Fluoroalkyl chain (CnF2n + 1) is used as a film that acts on spontaneous polarization on one of the sandwiched substrates.
A polymer film branched from is used by subjecting its surface to an alignment treatment, and the other substrate is a uniaxial alignment film formed of a polyamide resin type, a polyimide resin type, a polyamide imide type, or a single or composite selected from polyvinyl alcohol. The organic polymer film is used without alignment treatment.
ホ）作用 これにより、液晶とのなじみがよく、均一なモノドメイ
ンが得られ、かつ応答性、メモリ性とも優れた特性を示
す。これらは、配向処理（例えばラビング）によるフア
ンデルワールス力あるいは体積排除効果に伴う配向規制
力はフルオロアルキル鎖によつて低下させられ、単なる
一軸性配向膜のラビングに対しエネルギー的に低い状態
で液晶分子を拘束し、一方一軸性配向膜の親和力により
斯る低いエネルギーの拘束でも安定性を確保しているも
のと考えられる。これは従来より低い動作電圧で双安定
性が得られていることからも判断される。(E) Action As a result, it has good compatibility with liquid crystal, can obtain a uniform monodomain, and exhibits excellent responsiveness and memory properties. The fluoroalkyl chain reduces the van der Waals force due to the alignment treatment (for example, rubbing) or the alignment control force associated with the volume exclusion effect, and the liquid crystal is energetically lower than the rubbing of a simple uniaxial alignment film. It is considered that the molecule is restrained, and on the other hand, the stability is secured even by such low energy restraint due to the affinity of the uniaxial alignment film. This is also judged from the fact that bistability is obtained at a lower operating voltage than before.
へ）実施例 第１図は本発明実施例の液晶セルの断面図である。図に
おいて、（１）（２）は内面に電極（３）（３）…と高
分子膜（４）有機高分子膜（５）を有した基板で、シー
ル剤（６）（６）により液晶容器を形成し、両基板間に
強誘電性の液晶（７）を挟持している。（８）（８）は
直交ニコルを形成する偏光板であるが、液晶（７）がGH
タイプ等の時は省略できる。1) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal cell of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (1) and (2) are substrates having electrodes (3), (3) ... And a polymer film (4) and an organic polymer film (5) on the inner surface, and a liquid crystal is applied by a sealant (6) (6). A container is formed and a ferroelectric liquid crystal (7) is sandwiched between both substrates. (8) (8) is a polarizing plate that forms a crossed Nicols, but the liquid crystal (7) is GH
It can be omitted for type, etc.
製造方法を含め、より詳細に説明する。It will be described in more detail including the manufacturing method.
各々透明電極（ITO膜）（３）（３）…を有した複数の
ガラス基台に、 ポリイミド系液晶配向剤（日立化成工業PIX−540
0） ポリイミドアミド樹脂 ポリビニルアルコール ポリアミド樹脂（Ｎ−66） をそれぞれ塗布乾燥し、800〜1500Åの有機高分子膜
（５）を形成し、４種類の基板（２）を形成した。（こ
れらの有機高分子膜（５）は、ラビングをすればツイス
トネマテイツク型表面器のホモジニアス配向膜として用
いることができるものである。） 他方、同じく透明電極（ITO膜）（３）（３）…を有し
た複数の基板に、ジアミンとして 無水カルボン酸として を加熱縮合させたポリイミド系高分子フイルムを約1000
Å形成し、一方向にラビングして高分子膜（４）を得
た。両基板間に強誘電液晶CS−1011（チツソ（株））を
３μｍの間隙にて挟持するよう注入し、アイソトロピツ
ク転移温度まで昇温させたのち１℃/m1nの速度で徐冷し
た。この結果各々の液晶セル（有効表示面:180×220m
m）において、いずれも均一なモノドメインが形成され
た。A plurality of glass bases each having a transparent electrode (ITO film) (3) (3) ...
0) Polyimide amide resin Polyvinyl alcohol Polyamide resin (N-66) was applied and dried to form an organic polymer film (5) having a thickness of 800 to 1500Å, and four types of substrates (2) were formed. (These organic polymer films (5) can be used as a homogeneous alignment film of a twisted nematic surface device by rubbing.) On the other hand, similarly, the transparent electrode (ITO film) (3) (3) ) ... as a diamine on multiple substrates As carboxylic acid anhydride Approximately 1,000 polyimide-based polymer films that have been condensed by heating
Å The film was formed and rubbed in one direction to obtain a polymer film (4). Ferroelectric liquid crystal CS-1011 (Chitsuso Co., Ltd.) was injected between both substrates so as to be sandwiched by a gap of 3 μm, heated to the isotropic transition temperature, and then gradually cooled at a rate of 1 ° C./m1n. As a result, each liquid crystal cell (effective display surface: 180 x 220 m
In m), uniform monodomains were formed.
また第２図は、15Vo−ｐ、100μsecのパルス（イ）に対
する応答特性を示しておりＡ〜Ｄの記号は先にのべた基
板（２）における４種類の有機高分子膜（５）の材質に
対応して付してある。いずれもメモリの特性を示し、特
にポリアミド樹脂とフルオロアルキル基をもつポリイミ
ド樹脂との組合せによる液晶セル（Ｄ）は高速応答性を
示し、遅いPVAとの組合せにる液晶セル（Ｃ）において
も従来より数％速い。In addition, FIG. 2 shows the response characteristics to a pulse (a) of 15 Vo-p, 100 μsec, and symbols A to D are the materials of the four kinds of organic polymer films (5) on the substrate (2) mentioned above. It is attached corresponding to. All of them show memory characteristics. Especially, the liquid crystal cell (D) made of a combination of a polyamide resin and a polyimide resin having a fluoroalkyl group shows a high-speed response, and the liquid crystal cell (C) made in combination with a slow PVA has a conventional structure. A few percent faster.
上述の例で、フルオロアルキル基を置換するのはジアミ
ンでも無水カルボン酸でもその両方でもよい。In the above examples, the fluoroalkyl group may be replaced by a diamine, a carboxylic acid anhydride, or both.
さて、次の実施例として有機配向膜（５）は上述の例と
同じ４種類を用いたが、高分子膜（４）としてポリアミ
ド系樹脂を用いたものを示す。これは一般式 （ｍは自然数、X,Yは単独あるいは複数のメチレン基、
メチレンエーテル基、フエニレン基、フエニレンエーテ
ル基など直鎖状結合基）であらわされるポリアミド系樹
脂のＸ、またはＹあるいはその両方にCnF2n＋１であら
わされる置換基を設けたものであり、１例をあげると以
下の分子式であらわされる。Now, in the next example, the same four kinds of organic alignment films (5) as those used in the above-mentioned example are used, but a polyamide resin is used as the polymer film (4). This is the general formula (M is a natural number, X and Y are single or multiple methylene groups,
A polyamide resin represented by a linear bonding group such as a methylene ether group, a phenylene group, or a phenylene ether group) is provided with a substituent represented by CnF2n + 1 on X or Y or both, and one example is given. It is expressed by the following molecular formula.
かかる液晶セルにおいても均一なモノドメインが観察さ
れ、その応答特性は良好なメモリ性を示したが、やはり
ポリビニルアルコールによる膜は４種類の中で応答が遅
かつた。 Even in such a liquid crystal cell, a uniform monodomain was observed, and its response characteristics showed good memory properties, but again, the film made of polyvinyl alcohol had a slow response among the four kinds.
ト）発明の効果 以上の如くにより、強誘電性の液晶を均一に配向させか
つ拘束応答を行なわせ、メモリ性も持たせた液晶セルを
安定に得ることができた。G) Effect of the Invention As described above, it was possible to stably obtain a liquid crystal cell in which a ferroelectric liquid crystal was uniformly aligned and restrained response was performed, and a memory property was provided.
第１図は本発明実施例の液晶セルの断面図、第２図はそ
の液晶セルの特性図、第３図は従来および研究例におけ
る液晶セルの特性図、第４図は強誘電性の液晶の模式図
である。 （１）（２）……基板、（４）……高分子膜、（５）…
…有機高分子膜、（７）……液晶。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a characteristic view of the liquid crystal cell, FIG. 3 is a characteristic view of liquid crystal cells in the conventional and research examples, and FIG. 4 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal. FIG. (1) (2) ... Substrate, (4) ... Polymer film, (5) ...
… Organic polymer film, (7) …… Liquid crystal.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−236523（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−286816（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−200218（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−72924（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−28713（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−175713（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 平６−54368（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP 61-236523 (JP, A) JP 61-286816 (JP, A) JP 59-200218 (JP, A) JP 58- 72924 (JP, A) JP 62-28713 (JP, A) JP 62-175713 (JP, A) JP-B 6-54368 (JP, B2)
Claims (1)
性の液晶とを有する液晶セルに於て、一方の基板の液晶
と接する面には配向処理されたフルオロアルキル鎖分岐
を有した高分子膜が設けられ、他方の基板の液晶と接す
る面にはポリアミド樹脂系、ポリイミド樹脂系、ポリア
ミドイミド樹脂系、ポリビニルアルコールから選ばれ前
記液晶の配向に影響を及ぼすフルオロアルキル鎖分岐を
有さない有機高分子膜が設けられていることを特徴とす
る液晶セル。1. In a liquid crystal cell having two substrates and a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between the substrates, an alignment-treated fluoroalkyl chain branch is provided on the surface of one substrate in contact with the liquid crystal. A polymer film having the same is provided, and on the surface of the other substrate in contact with the liquid crystal, a polyamide resin system, a polyimide resin system, a polyamideimide resin system, a fluoroalkyl chain branching selected from polyvinyl alcohol that affects the alignment of the liquid crystal is selected. A liquid crystal cell having an organic polymer film not provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61017420A JPH07104512B2 (en) | 1986-01-29 | 1986-01-29 | Liquid crystal cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61017420A JPH07104512B2 (en) | 1986-01-29 | 1986-01-29 | Liquid crystal cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62175712A JPS62175712A (en) | 1987-08-01 |
| JPH07104512B2 true JPH07104512B2 (en) | 1995-11-13 |
Family
ID=11943517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61017420A Expired - Fee Related JPH07104512B2 (en) | 1986-01-29 | 1986-01-29 | Liquid crystal cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07104512B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2567128B2 (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1996-12-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid crystal element |
| JP2556604B2 (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1996-11-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid crystal element |
| JP7028054B2 (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2022-03-02 | Jnc株式会社 | Curable composition, cured product and liquid crystal display element |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61236523A (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-21 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Smectic liquid crystal display panel |
| JPS61286816A (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-17 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal element |
-
1986
- 1986-01-29 JP JP61017420A patent/JPH07104512B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62175712A (en) | 1987-08-01 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |