JPH0710349B2 - Air cleaning composite filter - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air cleaning filter for removing harmful gas and dust in the air and also for sterilization.

It is desirable to reduce NO _X , SO _X , O _3, etc. in the air in order to cause respiratory illness, and it is necessary to use various combustion devices, gas scrubbers, and chemical treatment devices to prevent or reduce their occurrence. Has been. However, a method for efficiently removing these harmful gases from polluted air using simple equipment has not been generalized.

Nitrogen compound gas and sulfur compound gas in the air have a bad odor, so the bad odor can be treated by an adsorption method using activated carbon, Zelite, etc., a masking method using other fragrances, and a chemical method of chemically reacting the odor gas. Has been done. However, the conventional deodorants have a problem that the deodorizing power deteriorates in a short period of time.

On the other hand, for dust collection, the electric dust collection method and the non-woven fabric filter method have been generalized. Regarding sterilization, there is an ozone sterilization method, but there are problems such as removal of residual ozone after sterilization.

However, it is not generalized for consumer use and commercial use because the size of the device becomes large when it is attempted to remove harmful gas, deodorize, collect dust, and sterilize at the same time.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present inventors have found that a purifying agent in which a reaction product of a specific metal and an oxypolybasic acid and an unreacted metal coexist are N-based compounds, S
Absorbs and decomposes almost all gases including oxidative active gases such as O ₃ , NO _X and SO _X , harmful gases such as CO and acetaldehyde, and the cleaning function of the purifying agent by acid and moisture in the atmosphere Was found to be reproduced, and an application has already been filed (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-280776 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-188939).

The present invention provides a composite filter in which this purifying agent is combined with a non-woven fabric, etc., and is a long-life, compact comprehensive air purifying filter with a dust collecting function and a sterilizing function in addition to the cleaning function for consumer and commercial use. Is provided as.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a composite filter having an air cleaning power in which a metal and a purifying agent in which a reaction product of the metal and a polybasic acid coexist are inserted between porous fibers.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

First, the purifying agent and its manufacturing method used in the present invention are described in Japanese Patent Application No.
No. 280776 (filed on Oct. 27, 1991), the applicant has already disclosed that the reaction product of a metal and an oxypolybasic acid coexists with the unreacted metal in the purifying agent of the present invention. It is a coexisting substance.

The metals include Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Al, Cu, Sn and Co.
One or two or more selected from the group consisting of Of these, a combination of Fe and / or Mn is a particularly preferable example.

The oxypolybasic acid is an acid having an OH group and a COOH group in one molecule, and is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and gluconic acid. .

It is preferable that the coexisting substance is further blended with a basic substance since the deodorizing power for hydrogen sulfide-based odorous gas is improved and the ability to fix lower fatty acids and the like is improved. These basic substances are
For example, CaO, Ca (OH) ₂ , Na ₂ CO ₃ , NaHCO ₃ , MgO, Mg
(OH) ₂ , MgCO _{3 and the} like. The basic substance may be added in an amount of 1% to 10% of the reaction product, which is almost sufficient.

The coexisting substance is a metal: oxy polybasic acid in a molar ratio of 1: 0.005 to 1:
Add to 0.5. The unreacted metal is necessary for regenerating and maintaining the purifying power.

The coexisting substance may be produced by contacting a metal with an oxypolybasic acid. For example, it can be easily obtained by adding metal powder to an aqueous solution of oxypolybasic acid, mixing and drying.

In the present invention, the purifying agent is filled between the voids of the porous fiber product. Porous fiber products include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, webs,
Nonwoven fabrics are typical.

The reason for filling the voids of the porous fiber product is to utilize the filter effect of the fiber product, absorb and decompose malodorous gas and harmful gas with a purifying agent, and filter dust in the air with a web or cloth, The purpose is to purify, but at the same time, to prevent dust contained in the air from adhering to the surface of the cleaning agent and reducing the reaction efficiency of the cleaning agent. This is because the metal complex in the surface layer of the purifying agent is separated from the metal inside to reduce the air purifying action by the cushioning effect of the porous fiber product.

As a method of filling the cleaning agent between the porous fiber products,
Although a purifying agent can be fixed between the fibers constituting the porous fiber product with an adhesive or the like, this is not a very preferable method because it impairs the original filter effect of the porous fiber product.

For example, a method in which a nonwoven fabric is used as a porous fiber product, a nonwoven fabric laminate is formed, and a purifying agent is filled between the layers is a preferred example.

To give an example of the use of a non-woven fabric, the present inventors used pig iron particles (particle size: about 1 m / mφ) ascorbic acid 1 mol and water 1000 cc.
Solubilized in a solution (60 ℃) for 30 minutes, and then air-dried in the atmosphere to produce a reaction product of iron and ascorbic acid on the surface layer of pig iron particles. (Hole diameter 1m / mφ) 1 inserted between plates, wire diameter 5
Area weight of glass fiber of μm created by needle punching method
When a filter inserted between two layers of a glass fiber-based nonwoven fabric 4 of 300 g / m ² was installed in the cooler 3 of the toilet as shown in Fig. 1, NH ₃ concentration in the room was 1 μm or more of dust. As shown in Fig. 2, the collection efficiency between the non-woven fabric filled with the non-woven fabric is about 6 times as long as the NH ₃ removal life, and the dust collection efficiency is about 5 times as good as the non-woven fabric. .

The case where a nonwoven fabric is used as a typical example will be mainly described below.

Next, as the non-woven fabric, it is also possible to use a sterilized non-woven fabric composed of sterilized fibers obtained by plating at least one of sterilizing metals Ag and Cu on the fibers. Ag and Cu ionize Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, etc. to exert a bactericidal effect. However, although fiber products generally lack electrical conductivity, they can be easily electroplated or electroless plated by attaching a conductive sealer or the like to the fiber surface. By plating the fiber with a sterilizing metal, it is possible to exert not only the dust collecting effect but also the sterilizing effect of the gas body passing therethrough.

Next, a tourmaline non-woven fabric composed of electrically charged fibers may be used. The tourmaline non-woven fabric can be used either by applying a charge to each fiber and then making it a non-woven fabric, or by applying a charge to a polypropylene sheet or the like by corona discharge and then fibrillating the sheet to make it a non-woven fabric.

In the composite air cleaning filter of the present invention, for example, a non-woven fabric is filled with a cleaning agent for cleaning the air, so that the pressure loss tends to be larger than that of the conventional dust collecting filter. From this point, the use of tourmaline nonwoven fabric can prevent an increase in pressure loss.

According to an experiment conducted by the inventor, a non-woven fabric obtained by needle-punching a polypropylene-based electrified fibril having a thickness of 10 μm and a width of 38 μm to a basis weight of 200 g / m ² has a pressure loss of only 1.5 mmH ₂ O.
Therefore, even if the particles of the purifying agent having a particle diameter of 1 mmφ are packed between the two non-woven fabrics so as to form a layer having a thickness of 5 mm, the total pressure loss is only about 15 mmH ₂ O, which is extremely effective for air purification as a composite filter. In addition, it was preferable in terms of breathability and dust collection effect.

When using general glass fiber non-woven fabric, 35-40mmH ₂
O pressure loss occurred, and it was possible to reduce the pressure loss by half with the tourmaline nonwoven fabric.

Since the usage of tourmaline non-woven fabric is naturally related to pressure loss, it is possible to use only one side or all non-woven fabrics can be used as tourmaline non-woven fabric.

It is also possible to use a laminate of a bactericidal nonwoven fabric and a tourmaline nonwoven fabric. This aims at the combined effect of both.

When Ag or Cu is plated on the tourmaline nonwoven fabric, the surface is Ag,
Since it is covered with a metal film of Cu and the Coulomb force disappears, the power to adsorb dust disappears, which is not preferable. Therefore, the electric stone non-woven fabric and the sterilizing non-woven fabric must be used independently. Next, the layers of the nonwoven fabric laminate may be divided into a plurality of separated chambers, and the purifying agent may be stored in the chambers.

Since the metal surface of the purifying agent used in the present invention is covered with the reaction product of the metal and the oxypolybasic acid, the specific gravity is considerably high at 4 to 6. When the shape of the air purification filter becomes large or there is vibration, the air purifying agent filled between the porous fiber products is offset and the air purifying action of the composite filter is reduced. Therefore, the inter-layer 1cm ² ~10cm ²
It is preferable to divide into several independent chambers and to make multiple chambers.

As a method of dividing, for example, as shown in FIG.
The upper and lower two non-woven fabrics 6, 6 may be fixed at appropriate intervals with an adhesive (9), or if they are organic fibers, they are closed by heat-pressure fusion of the fibers (9) and divided. It is also possible to make the room 7 open.

The shape of the purifying agent may be granular, foil-like or fiber-like. Since the purifying agent is one that reacts with air, gas, etc., it is preferable that the purifying agent has a larger specific surface area. This is not preferable because it impairs the air permeability of the textile product, and the maximum diameter is preferably 50 μm or more.

From this point, the shape of the purifying agent is granular, rather than powdery.
Foil-like and fiber-like ones are suitable.

The purifying agent is granular metal obtained by crushing metal or metal particles recovered from smelting slag or the like, or rolled metal foil or fiber is immersed in the acid solution having an oxypolybasic acid concentration of 0.1 to 5 mol / mol, taken out and dried, or The solution is sprayed and dried, or the molar ratio to the metal is 0.005 to
By adding a solution containing 0.5 of an oxypolybasic acid and kneading and drying, a purifying agent in which a metal and a reaction product coexist can be obtained. By inserting this between porous fibers, an air purification composite filter can be obtained.

Next, in the present invention, the purifying agent may be formed on the carrier and then filled between the porous fiber products. As the carrier, either organic or inorganic carrier can be used.
As a means for preventing the purifying agent from clogging between the porous fiber products and impairing the air permeability and for increasing the specific surface area, the method of supporting the purifying agent on the carrier is extremely effective.

As the organic carrier, organic polymer beads (for example,
Examples include foamed styrene beads) and three-dimensional mesh-like porous bodies (for example, urethane homes). Examples of the inorganic carrier include shirasu balloon, glass foam, activated carbon and the like.

As the method for supporting the purifying agent, first, a metal is supported on the supporting body, and then the purifying agent is formed by contacting it with an oxypolybasic acid, and the purifying agent is directly supported on the supporting body by an adhesive or the like. There is a way.

To carry the metal on the carrier, the metal is injected onto the carrier, or the carrier is subjected to a conductive treatment and plated, or a metal powder is used as a binder (for example, latex or urethane resin). ) Etc., it can carry | support.

This metal carrier is immersed in a solution of oxypolybasic acid of 0.1 to 5 m / and then dried, or kneaded with the acid solution having a molar ratio of oxypolybasic acid to metal of 0.005 to 0.5 M, and dried as it is. By doing so, the purifying agent can be formed on the carrier.

On the other hand, in order to carry the purifying agent as it is on the carrier with an adhesive, the purifying agent may be applied to the carrier with an adhesive (for example, a latex-based or urethane resin-based adhesive), sprinkled, or purified. It can be supported by kneading the agent with an adhesive and applying it to a carrier.

By filling these purifying agent-supported bodies between porous fiber products, an air purification composite filter that has a large contact area with gas and does not clog the porous eyes of the porous fiber product is obtained. To be

Further, the purifying agent is a porous sintered metal body, which can be inserted between the porous fiber products. When metal powder is sintered, the surface of the sintered metal has irregularities and many macro and micro pores are formed in the sintered metal structure. Not only does the area increase, but the contact area between the reaction product that constitutes the purifying agent for air purification and the metal is wide, and the microscopic structure in the tissue,
The macropores exert an anchoring effect, the reaction product adheres to the metal and becomes difficult to peel off, and the purification life is extended.

The porous sintered metal body is obtained by kneading a metal powder with a binder, molding it into a granular shape, a cylindrical shape, a honeycomb shape, etc., and then performing a sintering treatment. A porous sintered metal porous body is obtained by applying a kneaded material to beads, urethane homes, and plastic waste) and sintering.

The method of contacting the porous sintered metal body with the oxypolybasic acid is, for example, the contact between the granular metal and the oxypolybasic acid,
Alternatively, the purifying agent can be reacted by a method similar to the method of supporting the purifying agent on the carrier, and the purifying agent can be formed on the sintered metal body. As described above, as a means for more positively increasing the micro and macro pores of the sintered metal body, a metal powder is used as a pyrolytic substance powder such as CaCO ₃ or MgC.
When inorganic gas decomposing substance powder such as O ₃ and Na ₂ CO ₃ or organic powder such as acrylic, phenol and styrene is mixed and sintered, the gas decomposed traces become porous parts in the sintered structure during sintering. Remains, and micro and macro pores increase, which is preferable.

The inventors kneaded iron powder having a diameter of 10 μm and iron powder having a diameter of 10 μm and 5% of CaCO ₃ powder in a weight ratio with CMC as a binder, and coating this on a urethane home. Then N
FIG. 4 shows the result of the NH ₃ removal test of the three-dimensional porous body cleaning agent that was dried by immersing it in a ₂ atmosphere atmosphere at 1200 ° C. for 1 hour and immersing it in a 1 mol / gluconic acid solution. It can be seen that the NH ₃ removal rate is better when the porosity is 10% or more and the thermal decomposition material is mixed. By inserting the above-mentioned purifying agent made of a sintered metal body between the porous fiber products, an air purifying composite filter having a strong air purifying power can be obtained.

Example 1 Pig iron particles (average diameter 300 μm) and Fe-Mn particles (average diameter 100 μm)
50% each by mixing and sprinkling the styrene foam having a diameter of 3 mmφ with a urethane-based resin and sprinkling the metal particles on the styrene foam, followed by drying, and pickling with a 3% hydrochloric acid solution, After dipping in a 2 mol / concentration solution of an L-ascorbic acid solution for 1 hour, it was dried in the air to prepare a styrene foam carrying a purifying agent.

This purifying agent was sandwiched between nonwoven fabrics with a basis weight of 200g / m ² made by subjecting electrostatically-treated polypropylene fibers to needle punching to form a layer with a thickness of 10mm. As a combined cleaning filter, installed in the cooler air outlet of the indoor cooler, the air inlet and outlet of the cooler have a dust capture rate of 98% or more (0.6 μm or more powder), NH ₃ , H ₂ S, SO _X , NO _X , The acetaldehyde removal rate could be maintained at over 80% for 2 years.

Further, carbon fiber was electroplated on the air-entry side of the composite filter in a copper sulfate solution, and the carbon fiber was copper-plated to a thickness of 1 μ
When a non-woven fabric of / m ² was created and installed, it was possible to reduce the concentration of various bacteria in the indoor air to less than 5 cells / ml atmosphere with E. coli.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described in detail above, according to the composite filter of the present invention, removal of harmful gases and dust, sterilization, etc. can be achieved very easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (1) and (2) are sectional views, FIG. 2 is a graph, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view, FIG. 4 is a graph, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view. 1 ... Porous plastic plate, 2 ... Air purification agent, 3 ...
… Cooler, 4 …… Glass fiber non-woven fabric, 5 …… Air,
6 ... polypropylene tourmaline nonwoven fabric, 7 ... divided chambers, 8 ... cleaning agent carried on styrene foam, 9 ... tourmaline nonwoven fabric blocking part, 10 ... bellows type composite purification filter, 11 ... tourmaline polypropylene Nonwoven fabric, 12 …… Styrene foam-supported purifying agent, 13 …… Cu sterilized nonwoven fabric made of carbon fiber plated with Cu.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B01D 53/34 53/81 B01J 20/02 C 7202-4G 20/22 A 7202-4G

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A reaction product of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Al, Cu, Sn and Co with an oxypolybasic acid and unreacted. 2. A composite filter characterized in that the voids of a porous fiber product are filled with the above-mentioned purifying agent composed of the metal. 2. A reaction product of oxypolybasic acid with one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Al, Cu, Sn and Co, and unreacted. 2. A composite filter characterized by filling the voids of a porous fiber product with the purifying agent containing the above metal and a basic substance. 3. The composite filter according to claim 1, wherein the porous fiber product is a laminate of at least two non-woven fabrics, and a purifying agent is filled between the non-woven fabrics. 4. The composite filter according to claim 3, wherein the non-woven fabric is a sterilized non-woven fabric made of sterilized fibers plated with at least one of Ag and Cu. 5. The composite filter according to claim 3, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a tourmaline nonwoven fabric composed of electrically charged fibers. 6. The composite filter according to claim 3, wherein the laminate comprises a bactericidal nonwoven fabric and a tourmaline nonwoven fabric. 7. The porous fiber product is a laminate of non-woven fabric,
The composite filter according to any one of claims (1) to (6), wherein an interlayer is divided into a plurality of chambers, and each chamber is filled with a purifying agent. 8. The composite filter according to claim 1, wherein the purifying agent is formed into a granular shape, a foil shape, or a fiber shape. 9. The composite filter according to any one of claims (1) to (7), characterized in that the purifying agent is carried on a carrier and filled. 10. The composite filter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the purifying agent is a porous sintered metal body.