JPH07100285B2 - Surface grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a surface grinding device for grinding the surface of an inorganic material such as natural stone, glass, or ceramics with a grindstone provided on a vertical shaft.

[Conventional technology]

The conventional vertical surface grinder is one in which a grindstone is attached to the vertical shaft provided on the column so that the table can be rotated or reciprocally moved in a straight line.The vertical shaft can be adjusted vertically depending on the work thickness and the grinding amount. It is what is done. However, if there is a convex portion on the work surface to be ground, a large grinding resistance is generated on the grindstone, which not only increases the wear of the grindstone but also damages it.Therefore, depending on the unevenness of the work surface to be ground, There is also one that can be moved up and down by a spring,
Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-47148, an adjusting device for supporting the grinding head by a parallel link so as to be movable up and down, and having a return spring on the grinding head is provided for holding the supporting height of the grindstone. Some are known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The grinding device according to the above publication is configured so that the grindstone escapes upward by the grinding resistance generated by the convex portion on the surface to be ground of the work. By this device, as shown in FIG. When there is a convex portion t in the middle of grinding, the grinding head escapes upward by the parallel link and grinds the upper surface of the convex portion t in the same manner as the flat grinding amount d. In order to scrape the portion t, grinding must be performed a plurality of times, and there was a problem in grinding efficiency.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to be able to skillfully grind a smooth surface even if there is a convex portion as described above.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The gist of the solution means according to the present invention is to mount a grinding head having a vertical shaft on which a grindstone is mounted on a frame so as to be movable via a support leg that is provided to project from the head and that can be adjusted up and down.
Moreover, the head is swingably supported so as to draw a convex arc upward, and a return cylinder is connected to the grinding head, and a stopper for restricting the retreat limit of the grinding head is provided. Moreover, the work is configured so as to pass under the grindstone provided on the vertical shaft by the movement of the table.

Further, in place of the stopper, a regulation leg protruding vertically from the grinding head is brought into contact with a table which reciprocates below the head.

Further, with respect to the above means, means for driving the vertical shaft by a pair of drive motors provided symmetrically on the grinding head, and the vertical shaft is constituted by both inner and outer compatible shafts, and the respective shafts rotate in mutually opposite directions,
It is preferable to add a means for arranging grindstones having different diameters inside and outside each shaft.

[Action]

With the above configuration, the height of the support leg provided on the grinding head and the stopper are adjusted and set according to the grinding amount of the work, and the grindstone is driven to rotate, while the work table is placed. However, when the component of the grinding resistance in the feed direction becomes abnormally high due to the convex part of the work, the return cylinder is compressed and the grinding head moves in the same direction as the table feed direction. As it rises, the upper part of the convex part is ground as it rises, and the grinding head is lowered by the return cylinder as it decreases due to grinding.Therefore, the convex part was present when passing through the grindstone. The part is finished like a smooth surface like the other surfaces.

Further, in the case where the stopper is provided instead of the stopper, and the regulation leg that comes into contact with the upper surface of the table is provided, the support height of the grinding head is set by the regulation leg that comes into direct contact with the upper surface of the table, so that the grinding amount is precise. Will be defined in.

In addition, if it is driven by a drive motor that has one vertical axis symmetrically arranged, the balance of the grinding head will be good, and the risk of tilting the head during lifting and damaging the work is eliminated, and a stable state is achieved. Grinding is performed with.

Further, by rotating the grindstones provided on the inner and outer vertical shafts in opposite directions, the reaction forces of the grindstones against the work are offset, and the clamping force on the table of the work is almost unnecessary, and it becomes clear by experiments. However, even if the work is attached to the table with the double-sided adhesive tape, it is possible to perform a predetermined grinding process without displacement.

〔Example〕

The surface grinding apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 3, a frame 1 which constitutes the device is one in which hollow standing walls 3, 3 are provided on both sides of a tip of a base 2, and a table 4 is mounted on the base 2 with a guide rail.
It is provided so as to reciprocate linearly via 5,5, and the grinding head 6 is provided above the standing walls 3,3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the grinding head 6 is formed of a rectangular box-shaped body having an open upper surface, and a tubular shape is formed on the inner circumference of a bearing portion 7 provided at the center of the bottom of the grinding head 6. A vertical shaft 8 is rotatably provided, has a flange 9 at its lower end, has a driven pulley 10 at its upper end, and is equipped with a cup-shaped grindstone 11 on the flange 9. Further, the vertical shaft 8 in the grinding head 6 is provided.
The grindstone drive motors 12 and 12 are fixed to the left and right symmetrical positions with respect to the center, and the V-belts 14 and 14 are hung on the drive pulleys 13 and 13 of the drive motors 12 and 12 and the driven pulley 10, respectively. It is designed to rotate with a pair of drive motors. In addition, an outer driven pulley 15 is provided on the outer circumference of the bottom bearing portion 7, and an outer shaft 16 with a flange larger than the diameter of the flange 9 is provided on the outer driven pulley 15 so as to be concentric with the axis of the vertical shaft 8. In addition, the outer driven pulley 15 is provided outside the drive motors 17 and 17 for outer grindstones that are symmetrically provided on the outer surfaces of the left and right lateral walls of the grinding head 6 so that the flange 9 of the vertical shaft 8 is projected from above. Outer V belt from the drive pulley 18,18
19, 19, and the flange of this outer shaft 16 to the grindstone 11
A cup-shaped outer grindstone 20 having a diameter larger than that of the above is attached. In the case where the inner and outer double vertical shafts 8 and 16 are provided as described above, the compatible shafts 8 and 16 are driven so as to rotate in opposite directions.

Incidentally, it is ideal to perform the grinding process by providing the inner and outer double grindstones as described above, but it is not always necessary to use the inner and outer double grindstones, and in that case, the outer shaft 16 shown in FIG. It is not necessary to incorporate the and related members.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the supporting structure for mounting the grinding head 6 on the frame 1 is provided with projecting support legs 21 which are extendable and retractable at respective corners of the grinding head 6, and The support leg 21 is composed of a cylinder,
Wheels 22 are provided at the lower ends of the supporting legs 21 and are mounted on the left and right standing walls 3, 3 of the frame 1 so as to slide in the same direction as the traveling direction of the table 4, and at the same time as the grinding head 6 and the left and right sides. Parallel links 23, 23 are attached between the standing walls 3, 3, respectively. Therefore, the parallel link 23, 23 causes the grinding head 6 to float and move upward along the traveling direction of the table 4 in a state of drawing an arc. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the parallel link 23 is attached through a mechanism capable of adjusting the length thereof. Since both structures have the same structure, one side will be described. Inside the standing wall 3, a pair of upper and lower screw rods 24, 24
Are parallel to each other in the lateral direction and are rotatably fixed, and lock nuts 26, 26 are pressed against both sides of the slider 25 inserted through both screw rods 24, 24, respectively, and the stider 2
One of the bell cranks 27 rotatably pivotally attached to the upright wall 3 is pivotally supported on the slider 25, and the other end is connected to the link 23. Is. With this structure, the curvature of the floating arc of the grinding head 6 can be adjusted.

As described above, the grinding head 6 is supported by the parallel link 23 so as to draw an arc that is convexly curved upward, but the shape is not necessarily limited to the parallel link, and although not shown, both standing walls 3 of the frame 3 A support wall is fixedly provided on the and 3, so that it can be vertically adjusted by a cylinder or the like, and an arc groove is provided on this, and a pin that engages with the arc groove is protruded from the grinding head to be supported. You may.

With only the above-mentioned support structure for the grinding head 6, the grinding head 6 receives the grinding resistance, and due to the reaction force, the grinding head 6 rises while retracting, making it impossible to grind. Therefore, a mechanism is provided for applying a stress that can endure a predetermined grinding resistance to the grindstone. Its structure is
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, return cylinders 28, 28 are horizontally fixed to the left and right parts of the grinding head 6, respectively, and a piston rod 29 of the return cylinder 28 is projectingly provided on the standing wall 3. When it comes into contact with the raised portion 30 and exceeds a predetermined grinding resistance, the return cylinder 28 is compressed, and the grinding head 6 retreats in a convex curved arc while retreating, and at the same time the grinding resistance is reduced. The stopper 31 provided on the upright wall 3 restrains the limit of the return movement by the compressive force. The return cylinder 28 may be attached to the raised portion 30 of the upright wall 3. Further, the relationship between the mounting positions of the stopper 31 and the returning cylinder 28 is as follows.
Assuming that the side of the grinding head 6 into which the table 4 moves forward and goes under the grinding head 6 is the front, a stopper 31 is provided on the front side of the grinding head 6 and a return cylinder 28 on the opposite rear side.
Is provided.

Next, the guide rails 5 and 5 for guiding the table 4 are
As shown in the figure, a large number of lower rollers 32 that stand upright on the upper portion of the H-shaped steel fixed on the base 2 and are in contact with the bottom surface of the table 4 and the inner wall surface of the table 4 that is upright in the horizontal direction are in contact with each other. It is provided with a large number of horizontal rollers 33. Further, the device for driving the table 4 is fixed on the base 2, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6,
A pair of upper and lower brackets 35, 3 on a pillar 34 standing upright on the base 2.
5 is horizontally projected, and a pair of left and right intermediate shafts 36, 36 are provided upright between the brackets 35, 35, and a drive motor 37 for traveling is connected to one of the intermediate shafts 36 through a chain 38. At the same time, the other intermediate shaft 36 is connected by a gear 39 so as to rotate in the opposite direction, and further, the arms 40, 40 are horizontally supported on the both intermediate shafts 36, 36 so as to be rotatably supported independently of the intermediate shaft 36, Drive wheels 42, 42, which are elastic like a tire of an automobile and have pressure contact with the inner surface of the table 4, are horizontally provided above the driven shafts 41, 41 provided upright in the middle of the arms 40, 40. The driven shafts 41, 41 and the intermediate shafts 36, 36 are individually connected by chains 43, 43, respectively, and a space adjusting cylinder is provided between the free ends of the arms 40, 40. 44 intervenes.

The device for driving the table 4 travels by frictional force of the drive wheels 42, 42 having elasticity, and slows or stops the feed speed of the table 4 when overloaded, which improves the safety of grinding. Be advantageous. However, a device having a self-explanatory structure for detecting an overload and controlling the feeding speed may be used.

Next, another embodiment will be described. Since this embodiment is partially different from the above-mentioned example, it is duplicated in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the difference from the above-mentioned example is that the stopper 31 is used instead. According to another configuration, a pair of regulating legs 45, 45 that can be adjusted up and down are provided on the front surface of the grinding head 6, and the lower end of the legs 45 is a guide roller 46 that abuts on rails 47 provided on both sides of the upper surface of the table 4. The regulation leg 45 is constituted by a piston rod of a cylinder or a screw rod (not shown). Other structures are the same as the above-mentioned example. It should be noted that the above two examples may be duplicated devices, that is, the stopper 31, the restriction leg 45 and the related members may be provided together. To grind with the above surface grinding device, the inner and outer grindstones 11 and 20 are attached to the inner and outer vertical shafts 8 and 16, respectively.
The work W is attached to the table 4 with a double-sided adhesive tape, and the grinding head 6 is determined by adjusting the pressing force of the return cylinder 28 according to the thickness of the work W and the grinding amount. , 20 are driven in reverse rotation with each other, and the table 4 is driven forward, so that the surface of the work W is ground without being displaced. Therefore, FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (e) show the state of grinding with the grinding amount d, and when the end surface of the work W is brought into contact with the side surface of the grindstone 20 as shown in FIG. 8 (a), A large load is applied to the grindstone all at once, but at that time the grindstone slightly floats and begins to grind while relaxing its resistance, and as the load decreases, it is lowered by the return cylinder 28 and processed with a predetermined grinding amount d. . However, when a convex portion t is present on the surface of the work W as shown in FIG. 6B during the grinding process, and a grinding resistance larger than the pressing force of the returning cylinder 28 is applied, The moving cylinder 28 is compressed,
At the same time, the grinding head 6 floats while advancing in the same direction as the work W feed direction, and grinding is continued even during that time, and the convex portion t is scraped off horizontally, and the grinding resistance decreases. As described above, the grindstone is lowered and the processing is continued with the original grinding amount d. The support leg 21 extends as the grinding head 6 rises.

Further, in the case of the apparatus of the embodiment in which the regulation leg 45 that is in contact with the table 4 is provided, the grinding amount for the work W can be determined by adjusting the support height of the regulation leg 45 with respect to the table 4. When the grinding head 6 rises together with the regulation leg 45 by the convex portion and descends again, the regulation leg 45 contacts the rail 47 of the table 4 and returns to the original state.

Further, the grinding head 6 according to the present invention is supported by the support leg 21, the parallel link 23, and the cylinder 28 as described above, and if the grinding process is performed with only one grindstone, the grinding force is changed by the rotational force. The grinding head may shake, but by rotating the inner and outer grindstones in opposite directions, precise grinding can be performed without shaking. In addition, if a pair of left and right drive motors 12 for grinding wheels are provided symmetrically, it is possible to further prevent the grinding head 6 from swinging and maintain a stable state. Further, as long as the table 4 is driven by a pair of elastic drive wheels 42 as described above by a frictional force, the drive wheels 42 can be operated when an abnormal load is applied.
Slips to slow down the feed rate of the work or stop it to eliminate the load.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of the above devices are continuously spliced together, and one table 4 is combined so as to be sequentially moved along each guide rail 5 by each traveling drive device. Rough finishing, semi-finishing and mirror finishing can be continuously performed.

〔The invention's effect〕

The surface grinding apparatus according to the present invention supports a grinding head having a vertical shaft so as to be vertically movable and slidable by drawing an arc convex upward along the transport direction of a table, and further lowers the grinding head with a backward movement cylinder. It is configured to control the pressing force of the returning cylinder by pressing against and by a stopper or a restriction leg. Abnormal load is not applied to the grindstone provided on the grinding head and processing is always performed with a constant grinding resistance. Moreover, even if there is a convex part on the work, it can be skillfully scraped off at once and finished with the same grinding amount as other parts, and it can be done multiple times conventionally. Things that had to be ground can now be finished to a constant thickness.

Further, if the pair of drive motors provided with one vertical axis symmetrically provided for rotation, the grinding head is reliably held in a stable state without tilting or swinging.

Further, the vertical shaft is made up of the inner and outer shafts, and each of the shafts is provided with a grindstone, and the inner and outer shafts are arranged to be reversed from each other, so that the work can be fixed to the table by a simple fixing means. Can be machined without any deviation, and in the case of fixing a thin work in particular, there have been various problems in the past, but with this means, it can be machined in a stable state without problems.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a surface grinding apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is also a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a grinding head, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a device for driving a table, FIG. 6 is a side view, and FIG. A side view showing an example in which the surface grinding devices according to the present invention are connected and used, and FIGS. 8A to 8E are side views showing a state when grinding is performed by the surface grinding device according to the present invention. The figure is a side view showing a state when grinding is performed by a conventional device. 1 ... frame, 3 ... standing wall, 4 ... table, 6 ...
… Grinding head, 8 …… vertical shaft, 10,15 …… driven pulley, 1
1,20 …… Whetstone, 12,17 …… Drive motor, 13 …… Main drive pulley, 14 …… V belt, 21 …… Support shaft, 23 …… Parallel link, 28 …… Return cylinder, 31 …… Stopper , 42 ...
… Drive wheels, 45… Regulated legs

Claims (4)

[Claims] A table (4) is provided between the left and right standing walls (3, 3) of the frame (1) so as to be capable of reciprocating, and a vertical shaft (8) for mounting a grindstone across the both standing walls is provided. A grinding head (6) is movably mounted on a support leg (21) that is provided so as to project from the head and can be adjusted up and down, and the head is mounted on both standing walls along the moving direction of the table. It is swingably supported so as to draw a convex arc upward, and a return cylinder (28) that presses in the direction in which the table retracts is connected to the grinding head, and the retreat limit of the grinding head is restricted to the standing wall. Surface grinding machine characterized by being provided with a stopper (31) 2. A table (4) is provided between the left and right standing walls (3, 3) of the frame (1) so as to reciprocate, and a vertical shaft (8) for mounting a grindstone across the both standing walls is provided. A grinding head (6) is movably mounted on a support leg (21) that is provided so as to project from the head and can be adjusted up and down, and the head is mounted on both standing walls along the moving direction of the table. It is swingably supported so as to draw a convex arc upward, and a return cylinder (28) that presses the table in the direction in which the table retracts is connected to the grinding head. A surface grinding device characterized in that a regulation leg (45) for regulating the retreat limit of the grinding head is projected from the upright wall coming into contact with the upper surface of the table so as to be vertically adjustable. 3. A drive motor (1) is provided at each of symmetrical positions with respect to a vertical axis (8) of the grinding head (6).
2, 12) are arranged, and V belts (14, 14) are respectively hung between the driven pulley (10) provided on the vertical shaft and the main driving pulleys (13, 13) of both drive motors. The surface grinding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. 4. A grinding head (6) is composed of inner and outer compatible shafts (8, 16) which are concentric and counter-rotate with each other, and cup-shaped grindstones having different outer diameters are superposed on the inner and outer shafts, respectively. 4. The surface grinding apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the lower surfaces of the respective are mounted flush with each other.