JPH0699926B2 - Spraying method of spraying base material in greening method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of spraying a spraying base material in a greening method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, thick-layer organic soil spraying methods have been rapidly increasing in greening methods such as slopes.
In this case, as a method of spraying the spray base material on the slope,
There were the following two methods of wet spraying. That is, the seed, the vegetation base material, and water are kneaded in a tank to form a spray base material, which is sent to a spray nozzle by a pump, and the spray base is blown by air from a compressor at the discharge port of the spray nozzle. A method of spraying organic soil with a squeeze type pump that scatters the material and sprays it on the target surface, and the thickness of the mortar spraying machine that sprays the sprayed base material onto the target surface by the air pressure of the compressor. It is a method of spraying a layer of customers.

In contrast to such a wet spraying method, the seed and the vegetation base material kneaded by a mixer are sent as a spray base material to a spray nozzle by air pressure of a compressor,
There was a so-called dry spraying method in which water was sprayed at the discharge port of the spraying nozzle and sprayed on the surface to be constructed,
There are drawbacks such that dust is generated during construction and the spray base material is not sufficiently adhered to the surface to be constructed. Therefore, the wet spray method has been mainly used in the past.

However, among the above-mentioned wet spraying methods, the one using a squeeze pump is one in which the inside of the tank is once emptied and the sprayed base material is kneaded and sprayed, so continuous spraying is impossible. It was extremely inefficient.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the mortar spraying machine includes a stirring tank 92 of the mortar spraying machine 91.
In contrast, the vegetation material 94 is supplied via the belt conveyor 93, and water is also supplied by the pumping pump 95. After the vegetation material 94 and water are mixed and stirred in the stirring tank 92, the vegetation material 94 mixed with water is supplied. Is sent out to the spray nozzle (not shown) by the compressed air from the compressor 96. In FIG. 11, 97 is a measuring instrument, 98 is a water meter,
99 is a generator.

However, the mortar spraying machine 91
Is a large-scale machine that is heavy and bulky.
In addition, there is a problem that the whole device becomes large in size, such as requiring the compressor 96, and that a skilled person always needs to operate the machine. And, the mortar spraying machine 91 is sending compressed air by the compressor 96,
Since the air pressure is as large as 4 to 6 kg / cm ^2, it is necessary to use a pressure-resistant hose, but this pressure-resistant hose is heavy, so the operability of the spray nozzle is deteriorated and the workability is poor.

Therefore, as a solution to the drawbacks of the above-mentioned wet spraying method and dry spraying method, a new one as shown in pages 56 to 59 of "Journal of Japan Greenery Engineering" No. 16 (1) (1990). A dry spray method has been developed.

This new dry spraying method is, as shown in FIG. 12, a so-called premixed spraying in which seeds and vegetation base materials are premixed to a rock wool spraying machine 102 to which a blower 101 is connected. Attach substrate 103 to belt conveyor 104
And the spray base material 103 is supplied to the spray nozzle 105 by the rock wool spraying machine 102 and the water tank 10 is supplied.
Water supplied from 6 and liquid erosion inhibitor (not shown) are diluted with water in stirrer 107 and then pumped 1
08 by spraying to spray nozzle 105 and spray nozzle
Add to the spray base material 103 at the tip of 105, and further increase the discharge pressure of the spray base material 103 by the compressor 1
Air from 09 is added at the tip of the spray nozzle 105 so that the spray base material 103 is sprayed onto the construction target surface 110 together with the liquid erosion inhibitor. Note that 1
Reference numerals 11, 112, and 113 are hoses for supplying the spray base material 103, the solution-type erosion inhibitor, and air to the spray nozzle 105, respectively.

[0009]

In the above new dry spraying method, a mixer for kneading the seed, the vegetation base material, and water is not required, and the rock wool spraying machine 102 is handled. It is easy and lightweight, and has advantages such as easy transportation and temporary installation.

However, the above new dry spraying method still has some drawbacks. that is,
Since the spray base material 103 is scattered by air at the tip of the spray nozzle 105, a compressor 109 for air supply is required, and the liquid erosion inhibitor is diluted by adding water and then pumped. Since it is pressure-fed to the spray nozzle 105 by 108 and is added to the spray base material 103 at the tip of the spray nozzle 105, a stirrer 107 for stirring the liquid erosion inhibitor and water is required, which is large and expensive. is there.

Further, three hoses 111, 112, 113 for supplying the spray base material 103 and the like to the spray nozzle 105 are also required, and since many hoses are connected to the spray nozzle 105, There is a drawback in that the operability of the nozzle 105 is poor and the workability on the slope is poor. Further, in the above method, the premixed spray base material 103 is used, but if the moisture content increases due to moisture absorption during storage, the seeds in the spray base material 103 germinate. There are also inconveniences.

The present invention has been made in view of the above matters, and an object thereof is a greening method capable of efficiently spraying a spraying base material with a more compact and simpler structure. The method for spraying a sprayed base material in (1) (hereinafter referred to as a spraying method).

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, a spraying method according to the present invention comprises an agitator inside,
A material agitating section having a bottom opening / closing lid, a material stocking section provided below the material agitating section and having a conveying member for agitating and conveying the material falling from the material agitating section, and one end of the conveying member Spraying device integrally provided in one frame with a material supply unit provided on the side so as to communicate with the material stock unit and provided with a rotary material supply device for discharging the material by air inside By
The seed and vegetation material are mixed to form a spray base material, and this spray base material is fed by a blower to a spray nozzle whose discharge port is slightly narrowed, while water is introduced into this spray nozzle. The spraying base material is sprayed together with water onto the construction target surface.

[0014]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, since the compressor and the agitator are not required, the entire apparatus becomes compact, and the spray nozzle has a hose for supplying a spray base material and a hose for supplying water. It is easy to perform the spraying work, and the work efficiency is improved.

In the present invention, the spraying device for mixing and stirring the seed and the vegetation base material and feeding the stirred spray base material to the spray nozzle comprises a material stirring section, a material stock section and a material. Since the supply part is integrally set, it is compact and easy to transport and install. Further, in this spraying device, a desired spraying base material can be formed by simply dropping the seeds and the vegetation base material into the material agitating section, and the desired spraying base material is fed in a fixed amount toward the spray nozzle. be able to.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing the construction of an apparatus for carrying out a spraying method according to the present invention, and FIG.
Shows an embodiment of spraying, in these figures, 1 is a spraying device mounted on a carriage 2, for example, 3 is a spraying base material supply hose 5 for supplying a spraying base material 4 Spray nozzle 1 for spraying the spray base material 4 fed by the blower 6 to the construction target surface 7 such as a slope, 8 is a water tank, 9 is a water pump, and 10 is A water supply hose for supplying the water discharged by the water pump 9 to the spray nozzle 2, 11 is a conveyor for transporting the vegetation material 12 to the spray device 1, and 13 is a generator as a driving power source.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, the spraying device 1 has a frame 14 formed by assembling angle steel materials, channel steel materials, etc. by welding, bolting, etc., a material stirring section 15 and a material stock section 16 And a material supply unit 17 are integrally arranged, and a control box 18 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the material stirring section 15 is provided so as to project above the frame 14, and has, for example, a circular upper section with an open top and a bottomed tubular shape. A vertical rotary shaft 21 connected to the output shaft of the motor 20 and a plurality of stirring members 22 fixed to the rotary shaft 21 are provided in the tank 19.
And a stirrer 23 consisting of

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, an opening 24 is formed at the bottom of the material stirring unit 15, for example, at the peripheral end,
The opening 24 is opened and closed by an opening / closing lid 27 that rotates about a vertical shaft 26 by the action of a power cylinder 25 attached to the frame 14.

In the material agitating section 15 thus constructed, the seeds and the vegetation base material introduced from the upper opening are agitated and mixed, and the opening / closing lid 27 is opened if necessary, so that the material stock section 16 is provided. On the other hand, the agitated material (spray material) can be dropped and supplied.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the material stock section 16 is provided below the material stirring section 15, and is provided so as to communicate with the material stirring section 15 through the opening 24. A stock chamber 28, and a material return chamber 29 provided so as to communicate with the material stock chamber 28 on the downstream side of the material stock chamber 28 in the material supply direction (direction shown by an arrow A in FIG. 6) and to communicate with each other. , A material preliminary supply chamber 30.

As shown in FIG. 6, inside the material stock chamber 28, a plurality of pins 33 and 34 are erected in the longitudinal direction on the surfaces of the shafts 31 and 32, respectively. Comb-shaped stirring members 35, 36 for stirring are arranged side by side in a rotatable manner in a horizontal state, and below these stirring members 35, 36, spiral blades 38 are provided on the surface of a shaft 37, A transport member that stirs the sprayed material and transports it toward the material supply preliminary chamber 30
39 is horizontally rotatably provided in a horizontal state, and a shaft portion of the conveying member 39 on the terminal end side in the feeding direction extends into the material supply preliminary chamber 30 as shown in FIG.

Inside the material return chamber 29, as shown in FIG. 6, a spiral blade 41 is provided on the surface of a shaft 40, and the spiral blade 41 is provided in the direction opposite to the conveying member 39 (direction shown by arrow B in FIG. 6). A material returning member 42 that conveys the sprayed material is horizontally rotatably provided in a horizontal state.

As shown in FIG. 7, inside the material supply preparatory chamber 30, a comb formed by vertically arranging a plurality of pins 44 on the surface of a shaft 43 into which the shaft 37 of the conveying member 39 is loosely fitted. A tooth-shaped stirring member 45 is horizontally rotatably provided in a horizontal state.

The material supply unit 17 is the material supply preliminary chamber.
For example, it is located below 30 and is provided so as to communicate with this material supply preliminary chamber 30 through an opening (not shown). As shown in FIG. The rotary material supply device 49 is formed by erected at a certain angle to form a plurality of spaces 48. Then, on one side surface of the material supply unit 17, an air introduction port 51 to which an air hose 50 connected to the blower 6 is connected at a position corresponding to one of the spaces 48 (for example, the lowest space). And the material discharge port 52 is opened at a position corresponding to the air introduction port 51 on the other side. A spray base material supply hose 5 is connected to the material discharge port 52, and a spray nozzle 3 is connected to the tip of the hose 5.

Here, the stirring members 35, 36 and the conveying member 39 in the material stock chamber 28, the material returning member 42 in the material return chamber 29, the stirring member 45 in the material supply preliminary chamber 30, and the material supply. A mechanism for rotating the material supply device 49 in the portion 17 in a predetermined direction will be described.

In FIG. 6, 53 is a motor, which is
A pulley (not shown in the drawing) is provided on one end side of the output shaft 54 of 53, and this pulley and the rotary shaft of the transmission 55.
A belt 58 is stretched between a pulley 57 provided on one end side of 56. Further, a sprocket 59 is provided on the other end side of the rotary shaft 56, and between the sprocket 59 and the sprocket 60 provided on the shaft 46 of the material supply device 49 protruding to one end side of the material supply section 17. Chain 61 is hung.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the shaft 46 is provided with a sprocket 62 that simultaneously rotates in the same direction as the sprocket 60.
A chain 64 is stretched between the agitating member 45 and the sprocket 63 provided on the shaft 37 of the conveying member 39 protruding toward one end of the material supply preliminary chamber 30. 65 is a sprocket for adjusting tension.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a sprocket 66 is provided on the other end of the shaft 37, and the sprocket 66 and the sprocket provided at the ends of the stirring members 35 and 36, respectively. A chain 69 is hung between 67 and 68, and the chain 69 is adapted to mesh with a sprocket 70 provided at the end of the shaft 40 of the material returning member 42. 71 is a sprocket for tension adjustment.

Further, as shown in FIG.
A pulley 72 is provided on the other end side of the output shaft 54 of the, and a belt 74 is provided between the pulley 72 and a pulley 73 (see FIG. 7) provided on the end of the shaft 43 of the stirring member 45. It is stretched.

The control box 18 includes the spraying device 1
It controls the motors 20 and 53, the power cylinder 25, and the like provided in the.

As shown in FIG. 8, the spray nozzle 3 has a cylindrical nozzle body 75 made of metal such as iron or aluminum or plastic, and is detachably attached to the nozzle body 75, and a discharge port 76 is provided at the tip. And a cylindrical discharge portion 77 made of plastic or hard rubber. Then, the ejection portion 77 is formed in a constricted shape toward the ejection port 76, and the ejection port 76 is formed in a flat oval shape as shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 78 is a water injection pipe for introducing water into the nozzle main body 75, the upstream end of which is connected to the water supply hose 10 through the injection amount control valve 79, and the downstream side thereof is the nozzle. It extends toward the discharge port 76 along the inner wall of the nozzle main body 75 through the opening 80 formed in the main body 75, and the center line 82 of the water injection port 81 on the downstream side is the center line of the nozzle main body 75. The opening is formed at an angle α with respect to 83 (hereinafter referred to as the injection angle α), and is formed in a flat shape as shown in FIG. Same as flat direction.

The vegetation material 12 includes peat moss, bark,
Fertilizer that mixes various types of fast-acting fertilizer, slow-acting fertilizer, and slow-acting fertilizer with a soil conditioner for strengthening water retention and fertilizing ability, which is obtained by appropriately mixing fine particles of perlite, berumlite, superabsorbent polymer, etc. And is packed in a bag.

Next, the spraying method according to the present invention will be described. With the motor 20 rotating the stirrer 23 in a predetermined direction, the vegetation material 12 is taken out of the bag and the conveyor 11 is used to remove the vegetation material 12. In addition to being put into the tank 19 of the material stirring unit 15, the seed selected according to the restoration content (construction content) of the construction target surface 7 and the powdered erosion inhibitor as the paste material are put into the tank 19. To do. by this,
The vegetation material 12 and the seeds are agitated to form a predetermined spray base material 4.

An example of the blending ratio of the spray base material 4 is shown below. The numerical value is the compounding amount per 1 m ³ .

[0038]

[Table 1]

The spraying base material 4 having such a blending ratio has the advantages of being water-retaining, less scattering, and being easily sprayed by the spraying method according to the present invention, and at a low cost. It also has some advantages.

When the output shaft 54 of the motor 53 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow a in FIG.
The stirring members 35, 36 and the conveying member 39 in the material stock chamber 28 of 16 rotate in the same direction, and the spray base material 4 becomes the material supply preliminary chamber.
It is sent in 30 directions. While the spraying base material 4 is stirred by the stirring member 42 provided in the material supply preliminary chamber 30,
Through the opening provided in the material supply spare room 30, the material supply unit
It falls into one space 48 of the material supply device 49 provided in 17. At this time, the material returning member in the material return chamber 29
42 is rotated in the opposite direction to the conveying member 39 and the like, and a part of the spray base material 4 conveyed by the conveying member 39 is sent to the material stock chamber 28 by the material returning member 42. Therefore, the amount of dropping / supplying the spray base material 4 into one space 48 is always kept constant.

In the above embodiment, the material stock section 16
Since the material supply preliminary chamber 30 is provided between the material supply unit 17 and the material supply unit 17, the spray base material 4 conveyed by the conveying member 39 from the material stock chamber 28 side smoothly drops to the material supply unit 17. At the same time, the wind from the blower 6 introduced from the air inlet 51 is prevented from flowing toward the material stock chamber 28.

Then, the space 48 has a predetermined position (the space 48
When one reaches the air inlet 51 and the other faces the material outlet 52), ³ to 4 m ³ / min of air is supplied from the blower 6 from the air inlet 51. The spray base material 4 in the space 48 is sent out toward the spray nozzle 3 via the spray base material supply hose 5. In this case, since the surface area of the blowing base material 4 is relatively large as a blowing base material and the specific gravity is as light as about 0.1 to 1.0, it is easily delivered to the blowing nozzle 3 by the wind of the blower 6. .

On the other hand, the water in the water tank 8 is supplied to the spray nozzle 3 by the water pump 8 at a rate of 16 l / min in the direction of the spray nozzle 2 through the water supply hose 10. The spray base material 4 is a discharge port of the spray nozzle 3.
For example, 20 cm upstream of 76, it becomes heavy by being combined with water, and it is placed on the wind from blower 6
Although it is sprayed from 76 onto the surface 7 to be constructed, since the opening of the discharge port 76 is formed in a flat shape and is narrowed down, the spray pressure becomes high and the discharge is performed vigorously.

Since only the base material supply hose 5 and the water supply hose 10 are connected to the spray nozzle 3, the operation on the construction target surface 7 such as the slope is easy and the spraying is ensured. There is an advantage that the spraying can be performed and the shock in the spray nozzle 3 is small.
Especially, unlike the method using the above-mentioned mortar spraying machine,
Since the air is sent to the spray nozzle 3 by the blower 6, the air pressure is extremely small at 0.3 to 1 kg / cm ² ,
Therefore, it is not necessary to use a heavy pressure-resistant hose as the base material supply hose 5, and workability on slopes at high places is greatly improved. By operating the injection amount control valve 79 provided in the spray nozzle 3, the amount of water mixed into the spray base material 4 can be adjusted, so that the concentration according to the state of the construction target surface 7 can be adjusted. The (viscosity) spraying base material 4 can be sprayed.

In the spraying device 1, the vegetation base material is
Since the 12 and the seeds are automatically mixed and stirred in the tank 19 of the material stirring unit 15, the spraying work by the spraying method according to the present invention is performed by an operator who generally controls the spraying device 1. Is unnecessary, and it can be performed by a total of two workers, one for supplying the vegetation base material 12 and the like to the tank 19 and one for operating the spray nozzle 3, which is extremely labor-saving and energy-saving. Can be humanized.

Further, the equipment necessary for carrying out the spraying method according to the present invention is a water tank 8, a water pump 9, etc. in addition to the spraying device 1 and the spraying nozzle 3.
Unlike the above-mentioned conventional technique, since a compressor or the like is not required, it is possible to easily carry and temporarily install the equipment for its implementation.

By the way, the numerical values of the respective parts in the spray nozzle 3 such as the injection angle α, the injection position of water and the discharge port.
The spray nozzles 3 having various lengths C up to 76, the size of the opening cross-sectional area of the discharge port 76 (the degree of throttling) with respect to the opening cross-sectional area of the nozzle body 75, etc. are manufactured, and blown by these spray nozzles 3. Mixability of vegetation material and water in the spray base material 4 when the spray base material 4 is sprayed onto the surface 7 to be sprayed,
When the discharge condition, the thickness density of the sprayed surface, the amount of rebound, etc. were examined, the following was found.

Various conditions for spraying at that time are as follows. Spray base material 4 is peat moss 127 l, bark compost 2
4 liters and 30 liters of Topco perlite were mixed and stirred in the spraying device 1. The amount of water used is 16 l / min, the amount of material discharge (mixture volume) is 86 l / min, the amount of air used is 3.42 m ³ / min, and the blowing substrate supply hose 5 has a length of 50 m and an inner diameter of 6.5 cm.
The surface to be sprayed is a vertical concrete block wall 0.2
m ² , the distance between the tip of the spray nozzle 3 and the surface to be sprayed is 1
00cm, spraying time is 20 seconds.

With respect to the water injection port 81, the opening shape is made flat and the injection angle α is set to 30 ° to 45 °, so that the ejection pressure at the ejection port 76 does not decrease and the spraying is performed. The base material 4 and water could be mixed uniformly. Further, by providing the water injection port 81 at one place, the diameter can be increased, and clogging by the spraying base material 4 can be prevented. And this injection angle α is 35
It was found that the most preferable result was obtained at around.

Regarding the length C, this is 15 cm to 40 cm.
By setting to 3, it was possible to uniformly mix the spray base material 4 and water. This is because if the length C is less than 15 cm, the spray base material 4 and water cannot be uniformly mixed, and if it exceeds 40 cm, the spray nozzle 3 as a whole becomes large and the distance between the spray target surface and the spray target surface is large. Is difficult to maintain at a predetermined value and the operability is deteriorated.

Regarding the discharge port 76, the opening shape is made flat and the degree of throttling is set to 35 mm of the nozzle body 75.
% To 45%, the spraying base material 4 could be uniformly discharged at the required discharge pressure. This is because the spraying base material 4 is discharged while being dispersed in the lateral direction by forming the discharge port 76 into a flat shape, so that the spraying surface is less likely to have irregularities, and the degree of squeezing is 35% to 45%. %, A proper discharge pressure can be obtained, and the spray base material 4 can be pressed against the spray target surface. When the degree of squeezing is less than 35%, the spray base material 4 is likely to be clogged in the discharge port 76, and the spray base material 4 is concentrated, so that the spray surface is likely to be uneven. Also, the aperture level is 45
This is because if it exceeds%, the discharge pressure becomes low and it becomes difficult to press the spray base material 4 onto the surface to be sprayed.

The size of the small side of the discharge port 76 (size D in FIG. 9) is preferably about 2 cm to 3 cm. This is because if the dimension D is less than 2 cm, the spray base material 4 is likely to be clogged, and if it exceeds 3 cm, a predetermined discharge pressure cannot be obtained.

In the above embodiment, the discharge part 77
Since the nozzle is detachably attached to the nozzle body 75, there is an advantage that the discharging section 77 can be freely replaced according to the surface to be sprayed, but the discharging section 77 is integrated with the nozzle body 75. It goes without saying that they may be formed in the same manner. Further, the discharge port 76 may be formed in a rectangular shape.

[0054]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, since a compressor, a stirrer, etc. are not required, the entire apparatus becomes compact and the spray nozzle has a hose for supplying a spray base material. Since only the water supply hose and the water supply hose are connected, the spraying work is easy and the work efficiency is improved.

Further, in the present invention, the spraying device for mixing and stirring the seed and the vegetation base material and sending the stirred spray base material to the spray nozzle is a material stirring section, a material stock section and a material. Since the supply part is integrally set, it is compact and easy to transport and install. Further, in this spraying device, a desired spraying base material can be formed by simply dropping the seeds and the vegetation base material into the material agitating section, and the desired spraying base material is fed in a fixed amount toward the spray nozzle. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing a configuration of an apparatus for carrying out a spraying method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a spraying method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a spraying device used in the above method.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the device in a cutaway manner.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing configurations of a material stirring unit and a material stock unit.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing main parts of a material stock section and a material supply section.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a spray nozzle used in the above method.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the spray nozzle.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Spraying device, 3 ... Spraying nozzle, 4 ... Spraying base material,
6 ... Blower, 7 ... Construction target surface, 12 ... Vegetation material, 14 ... Frame, 15 ... Material stirring section, 16 ... Material stock section, 17 ... Material supply section, 23 ... Stirrer, 27 ... Open / close lid, 39 ... Conveying Material, 49
… Material supply equipment.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A material agitation unit having an agitator inside and a bottom opening / closing lid, and provided below the material agitation unit,
It is provided so as to communicate with the material stocking section having a conveying member for agitating and conveying the material falling from the material agitating section and the material stocking section at one end side of the conveying member, and discharges the material by air inside. By a spraying device integrally provided with a material supply unit equipped with a rotating material supply device in one frame, the seeds and the vegetation material are mixed as a spraying base material, and this spraying base material The blower is used to feed the spray nozzle to the spray nozzle whose outlet is slightly narrowed, while introducing water into the spray nozzle so that the spray base material is sprayed together with the water onto the construction target surface. A spraying method of a spraying base material in a characteristic greening method.