JPH0696914B2 - Peeling method and apparatus using high-speed vibration - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial field of application" The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin such as acrylic or urethane coated on a base surface formed of concrete, a metal material, etc., paint or rubber, and other heat softening materials, etc. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for easily removing a coating, an adhesive, etc. formed from
The present invention relates to a peeling method and device for easily removing a spray-painted surface, a spray tile surface applied to an outer wall of a condominium, a bridge, or the like, or a synthetic resin tile attached to a floor surface.

"Prior art and its problems" Spray coating other than porcelain tiled or lysine coating or exterior building of spray tile, it is necessary to repaint the outer wall about 10 years after construction from the viewpoint of building life and aesthetics, Since such an exterior material is formed of a thermoplastic resin having a strong adhesive force or a solidifying force such as acrylic or urethane, it is difficult to peel it off, and in general, it is easy to clean the surface or smooth the surface by a grinder or the like. After the treatment, the actual situation is that multiple coatings are applied.

However, with such an overcoating method, even if the adhesive strength or cracks have deteriorated on the concrete base side, they cannot be found and cannot be repaired, and as a result, there is no use in preventing life deterioration. In addition, there is a drawback that the adhesive strength between the coated surface after overcoating and the old coating surface is insufficient, and peeling or cracking due to floating of the coating film easily occurs due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between them. .

On the other hand, in order to peel off the exterior materials, etc., there is also a method of mechanically peeling by applying an impact force to a scraper etc. However, in such a method of peeling with impact force, the impact damages the concrete on the ground side as well. Not only that, but once the solidified material is mechanically peeled off, an unpeeled portion is inevitably formed, and it is difficult to form a uniform and smooth surface-treated surface. In addition, the peeling work is a heavy labor and consumes a large amount of blades and machines, and the impact force causes the peeling to generate dust and noise, which causes environmental pollution.

The same applies to the case of peeling a resin tile or the like formed of a thermoplastic resin such as urethane. Particularly, since such a resin tile has a large thickness, the peeling work takes a longer time.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention is a thermoplastic or thermosoftening material coated on the lower ground such as the exterior material or the thick synthetic resin tile, and further a thin film coating film such as concrete or metal material. So long as it is not limited to its type or thickness,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a peeling method and device that can be easily and easily removed in a short time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a peeling method and apparatus which are low in noise, do not generate dust and the like, and can save material.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the technical problem, the present invention peels a thermosoftening material containing a thermoplastic resin coated on a base surface formed of concrete, a metal material or the like. In the method, immediately after heating and softening the thermoplastic material, the thermosoftening material in the heat-softening state is moved along the base surface while pressing and advancing a cutting tool urged by minute high-speed vibration along the base surface. We propose a peeling method characterized by the point of peeling.

In this case, it is necessary that the amplitude of the small high-speed vibration is 0.5 to 5 mm and the amplitude frequency is 50 Hz or more.

And as an apparatus for smoothly realizing such an invention, in the item 2), the exterior material or a thick synthetic resin tile,
Furthermore, in a peeling device for peeling while pressing the cutting tool 4 against the heat softening peelable material 90 such as a thin film, an eccentric cylinder 21 is incorporated in the output shaft 11 and the inner ring 22 is eccentrically supported.
And a plurality of steel balls 23 interposed on the outer peripheral surface thereof,
A rolling bearing 2 constituted by an outer ring 24 rotatably fitted to the inner ring 22 and performing a small eccentric rotary motion, and abutting against the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring, and receiving a driving force from the rolling bearing 2, only longitudinal vibration occurs. A vibrating plate 3 that vibrates at high speed toward the material to be peeled 90 side by a vibrating plate mounting portion 17 and a pressing plate 1a that are provided as sliding guides in a square shape as possible, and a cutting tool 4 fixed to the vibrating plate 3. A heating body 6 provided to face the surface to be peeled in front of the vibrating plate 3, and while advancing the blade 4 along the surface to be peeled 90a heated by the heating body 6, the blade 4 Provides a peeling device for performing the peeling work so that the peeling work is performed while subjecting the inner ring to a slight swing rotation to generate a slight vibration.

In this case, preferably, an elastic force is applied to the vibrating plate 3 to vibrate the cutting tool 4 only at the time of peeling work, and when the material to be peeled 90 is not pressed, it is separated from the rolling bearing 2, and when the material to be peeled 90 is pressed, the elastic force is exerted. It is preferable that the vibration plate 3 can be brought into contact with the rolling bearing 2 against the above, and the heating body 6 is also composed of any one or a combination of heat radiating means and hot air generating means, and It is preferable that the predetermined area of the surface to be peeled 90a, which is substantially closed, can be heated.

[Operation] According to the technical means, since the material 90 to be peeled is heated and the peeled surface 90a in a softened state is peeled by heating, peeling is facilitated and the heating is substantially performed. Since the predetermined region of the closed surface 90a to be peeled can be heated, the softening point can be heated in a short time, and the workability is improved.

When the vibrating plate 3 is pressed against the material 90 to be peeled in the softened state via the cutting tool 4, the vibrating plate 3 and outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 24 come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the rolling bearing 2 at its rear end side. Since the contact frictional resistance force between the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 24 is much larger than the rotational resistance force between the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 24, the outer ring 24 does not slide with the diaphragm 3 and relatively reciprocates only by the eccentric diameter. The outer ring rotation also stops due to rolling, and since only the inner ring 22 side is eccentrically rotating, there is almost no risk of wear between the rear end of the diaphragm 3 and the outer ring 24, and this is caused by the wear. The durability is greatly improved, and heat is not generated due to the sliding. In addition, a large number of steel balls are placed between the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 24.
The pressing force is dispersed due to the interposition of 23, and the steel ball is not stationary at a predetermined position, but is rolling on the peripheral surfaces of both wheels with a slight resistance, so that the inner ring is Side wear does not occur so much as to be a problem.

Further, due to the rotation of the eccentrically supported inner ring 22, only the amplitude corresponding to the amount of eccentricity is transmitted to the outer ring 24 side through the steel balls 23 interposed therebetween, and the diaphragm 3 together with the outer ring 24 is transmitted.
The amplitude is transmitted to.

Therefore, when the operator or the like urges the apparatus itself in the pressing direction, the apparatus is brought into contact with the diaphragm 3 by a frictional force.

The bearing outer ring 24 vibrates back and forth while drawing a gentle sine curve together with the diaphragm 3, resulting in quiet high-speed vibration with no impact repulsion. In a normal forward and backward reciprocating vibration motion, if the above motion is performed at a high speed, the blade edge separates from the biting part at each high speed backward cycle, in other words, it intermittently hits the biting part. The bite position of the cutting edge delicately shifts backward, resulting in poor cutting. Further, even in the case of a thin coating film with a good base, a trace of the cutting edge is attached to the base, and a continuous clean peeling trace is not obtained.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the vibrating plate 3 which is also a mounting member of the cutting tool 4 does not have to be integrated with the outer ring 24 of the rolling bearing 2 including the eccentric cylinder 21 incorporated into the output shaft 11 and eccentrically supported to support the inner ring 22. 3 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 24 in a free state, in other words, since the end face of the diaphragm 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 24 are brought into contact with each other, the frictional force of the two causes the outer ring to contact the outer ring.
Since only 24 is gripped and its rotational motion is stopped, and only the inner ring 22 side is eccentrically rotating, the eccentricity is mediated by a plurality of steel balls 23 interposed between the inner and outer rings. Although only the amplitude corresponding to the amount is transmitted to the outer ring 24 side, and this is an important point, the diaphragm 3 which is also a blade attachment member does not contact the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 24 in a free state. Therefore, the outer ring 24 does not follow the backward movement of the outer ring 24, and only the outer ring tries to retreat in a state in which the blade tip of the cutting tool 4 holds the position of pressing the material to be peeled. Is pressed against the outer ring 24
The side moves forward while being in contact with the end surface of the diaphragm 3 which is also a blade attachment member (during this time, the blade tip of the blade holds the position of pressing the material to be peeled but does not move forward), and the outer ring further moves forward. When it is performed, the diaphragm and the cutting tool follow this and press forward the material to be peeled.

Therefore, the cutting tool does not move backward but only moves forward. By repeating this, the cutting edge continuously pushes forward without separating from the biting portion, and the efficiency is improved because there is no retreat. In addition, even with a thick film, the cutting tool interrupts and advances between the material to be peeled 90 and the substrate such as concrete, and digs in, so if the combination of frequency and amplitude is adapted, the thickness of the material to be peeled Can be peeled off regardless of In the conventional method of scraping away the thick film portion, the working time increases in conjunction with the thickness, but in other words, the method and apparatus of the present invention is a method in which the material to be peeled is softened by heating and the substrate is Even if the material to be peeled is thick, if the frequency and amplitude are adapted to a thick film as in the example, there will be a slight difference in heating and softening time, but peeling is a thin film. As easy as.

Further, since the vibration plate of the blade attachment member is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring in a free state, even if the revolving motion of the outer ring causes a lateral motion, the back and forth motion is only possible. Since the device is provided with a sliding guide and is laterally held, the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring only reciprocates by the eccentric diameter along the rear end surface of the vibrating plate of the blade mounting member, and does not move laterally.

Therefore, the blade is only moved forward without moving backward or moving left and right.

As a result, the cutting tool can only move forward and can rotate the output shaft 11 at high speed in place of the impact repulsive force, which can generate high-speed vibration and can extremely improve the efficiency of peeling and cutting, and also damage the concrete base and other parts. There is no fear, and as a result, it is possible to provide an extremely preferable softener removing device as a peeling machine for peeling soft materials such as paint film, cork tiles, P tiles, and jutan stuck to concrete.

Further, the fact that the cutting tool only moves forward does not cause the cutting tool located at the tip of the cutting tool to deviate from the pressing position of the peeling member. The blade attached to the claw easily digs into a soft material, and its peeling is easy and clean.

Further, in the present invention, since the blade portion moves only forward, there is no need to move back and forth at the same location or to cut the same location, and the cutting efficiency is very good.

The fact that the vibration plate 3 does not have an impact repulsive force means that even if the soft surface of the finger or the hand shakes on the cutting tool 4 or the vibration plate 3, the soft skin surface of the finger or the hand has elasticity and restoring force. It is extremely safe that the cutting edge is absorbed by the skin surface that dents due to the slight vibration caused by, and is restored and follows the slight vibration of the cutting tool, so that the finger or the like is not cut. If you fix your finger or hand and push it in as far as the skin surface is torn, you can predict that it will break, but it will not break even if the cutting tool touches the soft surface of your finger or hand. On the contrary, it is not effective for peeling elastic bodies such as soft rubber or sponge, and if either one of the materials to be peeled is not hard, it cannot be peeled by the vibration of the apparatus. or,
The fact that the diaphragm 3 is not a shock repulsive force but a motion of only forward vibration means that the blade 4 attached to the tip of the diaphragm 3 can be easily mounted even if the material to be peeled 90 has a thick film thickness. It digs into the material to be peeled 90, and the peeling is facilitated. Therefore, it can be peeled in a short time regardless of the thickness of the material to be peeled 90 to be peeled, and there is no peeling residue of the material to be peeled 90. It can be removed.

Further, in this state, when the pressing of the vibrating plate 3 on the peeled material 90 side is released via the cutting tool 4, the vibrating plate 3 is easily separated by the urging force of the vibration, and the vibration is released.

In this case, in particular, by applying an elastic force to the vibrating plate 3 in the forward direction, the above-mentioned action becomes more reliable.

Further, according to the present invention, when the outer ring 24 of the bearing is in contact with the vibration plate 3, the contact resistance between the outer ring 24 and the vibration plate 3 becomes extremely larger than the rotational resistance force between the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 24, so that the outer ring 24 Is a position in which only the relative eccentric diameter does not slide with respect to the vibration plate 3 and the rotation is in a stationary state, so there is almost no possibility of wear between the two and durability resulting from the wear is small. Is significantly improved and heat is not generated due to the sliding.

Further, the rotating torque of the rotating shaft is small because it is only the eccentric radius of the inner ring 22, and a relatively small motor is sufficient, and it is possible to reduce the weight and the size and to reduce the power consumption.

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be exemplarily described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative positions, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, but merely illustrative examples. Nothing more than.

1 to 4 show a peeling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention using a commercially available disc grinder. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a disc grinder main body A having a motor (not shown) built therein, and the bottom face portion on the front side thereof is rectangular. A peeling unit B, which is concavely formed in a shape, and a heating unit C, which is provided at the upper portion of the peeling unit B and extends forward, is connected to each other by screws 19, and the flat bottom surface portion is provided. An output shaft 11 connected to a motor (not shown) is suspended, and the rolling bearing 2 is fitted to the tip of the output shaft 11 via an eccentric cylinder 21.

The peeling unit B converts the rotational movements of the frame body 1, the eccentric cylinder 21, the rolling bearing 2 and the rolling bearing 2 which are fixed to the main body A side into minute reciprocating movements, and holds the flat blade 4 at the front end portion. The vibrating plate 3 and the rolling bearing 2 and the cover body 5 that conceals the lower part of the vibrating plate 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the frame body 1 is provided with a rolling bearing housing portion 18 which is expanded into a substantially eight shape on the bottom surface side thereof, and a square diaphragm mounting portion 17 on the front surface side thereof. The diaphragm 3 is formed so as to be slidable only in the front-rear direction (the direction of the arrow in the figure) with the position of the diaphragm 3 being restricted by the shore portions 16 standing on both side walls as guides.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rolling bearing 2 has an inner ring 22 tightly fitted to the peripheral surface of an eccentric cylinder 21 in which the output shaft 11 is slightly eccentrically fitted and an outer ring of the inner ring 22. An outer ring 24 rotatably fitted to the inner ring 22 via a large number of steel balls 23
The diameter of the outer ring 24 is set so that the front end side of the outer ring 24 extends to the rear end position of the mounting portion.

Since the output shaft 11, the eccentric cylinder 21, and the inner ring 22 are integrally rotatable, the output shaft 11, the eccentric cylinder 21, and the eccentric cylinder 21 are sandwiched between the seats 261 of the disc bodies 26a, 26b integrally formed with each other. I'm wearing it. In this case, the outer ring 24 is naturally free.

The vibrating plate 3 has a rectangular flat plate shape, and forms a sandwiching portion 31 for holding the cutting tool 4 at its tip end side, and its rear end side faces the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring 24. Further, semi-cylindrical recesses 32 and 15 are provided on the upper surface side of the vibrating plate 3 and the lower surface side of the frame body 1 at symmetrical positions, and the vibrating plate 3 is swung in the cylindrical space formed by the both recessed portions 32 and 15. A compression spring 14 having a spring force of about 300 g is loaded.

As a result, the vibrating plate 3 can be swung only in the direction in which it contacts and separates from the outer ring 24, and in the steady state, it is separated from the outer ring 24 by the urging force of the compression spring 14, and the material to be peeled 90 is passed through the cutting tool 4. The outer ring 24 of the rolling bearing 2 is pressed against the elastic force by pressing.
Can be brought into contact with.

Further, the swinging surfaces of the frame 1 and the pressing plate 1a with respect to the vibrating plate 3 are coated with tetrachlorofluorocarbon resin to reduce frictional resistance generated between the frame 1 and the pressing plate 1a.

On the other hand, the heating unit C is supported by the disc grinder main body A via a spring 51 and a bolt 52 so as to be slightly swingable, and has a mounting base 5 extending to a front position of the cutting tool 4, and a shaft on the mounting base 5. Unit body 6 supported swingably
Consists of.

The unit body 6 is formed in a square shape with at least a length slightly larger than the width of the cutting tool as one piece, and the motor 61, the fan 62, the punch plate 63, and a large number of small holes are sequentially arranged from the upper surface side.
A heat insulating material 65 having a rectangular cross section with a perforation 64, a planar heater 66 such as nichrome, a porcelain cover plate 67 with a large number of small holes 64 perforated, and a brush-like wire assembly 69 surrounding the heat insulating material 65. Is installed, and the heater and motor 61
Are connected to the power source unit on the main body A side via cords 68, respectively.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.

First, by energizing the motor 61 and the heater on the heating unit C side, respectively, hot air is blown toward the surface to be peeled 90a. At this time, the space between the unit body 6 and the surface to be peeled 90a is surrounded by the brush-like wire assembly 69, so that hot air circulates in the closed space 70 and gradually escapes to the outside to make the surface to be peeled 90a. To soften by heating. During this time, the peeled surface 90a around the closed space 70 is also preheated.

Then, by gradually pressing the cutting tool 4 on the peeling unit B side along the heat-softened surface to be peeled 90a, the cutting tool 4
The vibrating plate 3 which is integrated with the outer peripheral surface of the rolling bearing 2 abuts on the peripheral surface of the outer ring 24 of the rolling bearing 2, and only the outer ring 24 is gripped by the frictional force with the outer peripheral surface of the vibrating plate 3 and its rotation. Since the movement is stopped and only the inner ring 22 side is eccentrically rotated, only the amplitude corresponding to the amount of eccentricity is transmitted to the outer ring 24 side via the steel ball 23 interposed therebetween, and the outer ring The amplitude is transmitted to the vibrating plate 3 together with 24, and as a result, the cutting tool 4 is softened by the forward movement due to the minute high-speed vibration.
A predetermined peeling operation is performed by entering the inside of 90. Then, as the cutting tool 4 moves forward, the surface to be peeled 90a at the front position is heated by the heating unit C one after another, so that a predetermined peeling operation is continuously performed.

Then, in order to confirm the above effect, the present inventors conducted a peeling experiment on the outer wall material of the condominium which was stucco-finished using an acrylic spray material. The thickness of the spray material is 1 to 3 mm, the base is concrete and the
It is a place where 0 years have passed.

First, a description will be given of the component configuration on the peeling unit B side. The blade 4 is made of tool steel having a wall thickness of 1 mm and a blade width of 80 mm, and a motor (not shown) incorporated on the body A side is The power consumption is 550W and continuously variable from 3000 to 13000 rpm, and the eccentricity of the rolling bearing 2 is set so that the amplitude of the cutting tool 4 becomes 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 5 mm by exchanging the eccentric cylinder 22. .

On the other hand, on the heating unit C side, the air volume of the fan 62 is set to 20
The power consumption of the nichrome wire forming the plane heater 66 is set to 1500 W at 0 to 300 / min, and the hot air temperature on the surface to be peeled is set to about 600 ° C.

Using the device under such conditions, first, the rotation speed of the rolling bearing 2 is 13000 rpm (the frequency of the cutting tool 4 is 200 to 220 Hz) and the amplitude is 0.5 m.
When m is set, the number of revolutions is 10,000 rpm (the frequency of the cutting tool 4 is 150 to 160 Hz) and the amplitude is set to 1.5 mm. When the peeling work is performed at a forward speed of 3 m / min, the sprayed material is used. Could be easily and completely removed.

Next, when the rotation speed was set to 6000 rpm (the frequency of the cutting tool 4 was 100 Hz) and the amplitude was set to 3.0 mm, some shock waves were felt on the cutting tool 4, but the spray material was removed at a forward speed of 2 m / min. Obtained. Therefore, under this condition, when a thin film such as a metal material coated on a thin ground is peeled off, it is expected that bounce will occur and the peeling will be difficult.

Then, when the rotational speed was reduced to 3000 rpm (frequency of the cutting tool 4 was 50 Hz), the shock wave disappeared, but the peeling speed slightly decreased in the thick portion. Therefore, under this condition, it may be difficult to peel the thicker thermoplastic resin.

Further, the rotation speed is 6000 rpm (frequency of the cutting tool 4 is 100H).
z) and the amplitude is set to 5.0mm, 2m
When the advancing speed was / min, the cutting tool 4 bounced, and even when the advancing speed was 1 m / min, the sprayed material could not be peeled off smoothly.
Then, when the rotation speed was reduced to 3000 rpm and the pressing angle of the cutting tool 4 was set to lie so as not to bounce, the thin film with a film thickness of about 1 mm could be peeled at a forward speed of 2 m / min.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, the present invention is a state in which the exterior material, the thick resin tile, and the thin-film coating film are softened, and not the impact force, but the blade tool is moved in a minute high-speed forward motion. However, since the peeling operation is performed, the peeling operation is simple and easy, and the material to be peeled can be removed continuously and in a short time without being limited by the thickness and type of the material to be peeled.

In particular, according to the device invention described in claim 2), since the outer ring and the vibration plate reciprocally roll relative to each other only by the eccentric diameter, vibration is transmitted while the outer ring rotation is stationary, so that wear between the two Durability can be greatly improved with little risk of occurrence of noise, low noise and no generation of dust or the like. Moreover, even if the outer ring is stationary, the inner ring can rotate independently of this, so that the load resistance of the motor does not increase and power consumption can be saved. The transmission of vibration in a contact state where the eccentric diameter relatively rolls back and forth makes it possible to improve safety without generating a shocking repulsive force.

It has various remarkable effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show a peeling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention attached to a known disc grinder. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a main part, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the main part, and FIG. The whole front view and FIG. 4 are partially cutaway plan views.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of peeling a thermosoftening material containing a thermoplastic resin coated on a base surface formed of concrete, a metal material, or the like, in which a small high-speed vibration is generated immediately after heating and softening the thermoplastic material. While peeling the heat-softening material in the heat-softened state along the base surface while advancing the urged cutting tool along the base surface,
The amplitude of the minute high-speed vibration is 0.5 to 5 mm and the amplitude frequency is
Peeling method for thermosoftening material set to 50Hz or higher. 2. A peeling device for peeling while pressing a vibrating blade against a heat-softening material to be peeled, wherein an inner ring eccentrically centered on the shaft and rotatably supported on the inner ring and its outer peripheral surface are interposed. A rolling bearing consisting of a rolling bearing-like outer ring rotatably fitted to the inner ring via a plurality of steel balls, and an outer ring peripheral surface of the rolling bearing, which receives a driving force from the outer ring and receives the driving force. A vibrating plate that vibrates at a high speed toward the release material side; a cutting tool attached to the tip of the vibrating plate; and a heating element that faces the surface to be peeled in front of the vibrating plate. It is characterized in that, by advancing the cutting tool along the surface to be peeled heated by the body, the cutting tool is subjected to a slight swing rotation of the inner ring to perform a minute vibration while performing a peeling operation. Peeling device. 3. An elastic force is applied to the diaphragm directly or indirectly so as to separate from the rolling bearing when the material to be peeled is not pressed, and to abut the outer ring against the elastic force when the material to be peeled is pressed. The peeling device according to claim 2, wherein the peeling device is configured to be possible. 4. The heating element is composed of one or a combination of any one of a heat radiating means and a hot air generating means, and is configured to be capable of heating a predetermined area of the surface to be peeled, which is substantially closed. The peeling device according to claim 2).