JPH0693621A - Arched soil holding panel and soil holding structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve strength and to facilitate assembling by using a soil holding panel whose one surface is arched. CONSTITUTION: Tieback members 10 are installed in a direction orthogonal to a bank to engage the back 14 of the first column part 16 with the end 24 of a soil holding panel 20. In this panel 20, a back wall 22 is arched to support the pressure of soil in a horizontal direction by this surface. This soil holding structure can be installed by piling like steps.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a modular soil retention panel formed from precast concrete and a wall to the soil retention structure. This soil retention structure can be used for landscaping, land formation, slope protection, noise barriers and erosion protection.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventional retaining walls have been formed from a plurality of standardized block units. These block units were stacked and assembled together to the desired height without the use of mortar. Such a scheme is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,282,054. In the prior art, the entire retaining wall would use the same foundation, as each block of the entire retaining wall rests on and depends on the block immediately below it. This limits the versatility and uses of the wall. Stacking the blocks can also result in compaction of the soil filling.

Other prior art systems require a connecting member for the member or assembly, which limits the versatility of the wall. United States Patent No. 405025
No. 4 discloses a modular retaining wall system having a plurality of precast tie pack members laterally spaced along a straight line. The tie pack member includes an upright column on which a holding panel is pressed and arranged so as to bridge a lateral space between the pair of tie pack members.

Prior art panels have a concave convex cross section in a horizontal plan view, that is, a circular or elliptical arched cross section, to resist the load from a compressed soil filling under pressure. It has become. A disadvantage of the arched panels of the present invention is that the panels may crack if the ends are not completely contained or covered by the tieback members. Fractures result from the application of tension from the retained earth. Another prior art curved retaining wall system is US Pat. No. 4,341,491.
No. specification. According to the invention, the curved front wall support member attached to the front wall support member is attached to the curved rear wall via the tension member on the other hand.

[0005]

However, such a system is rather complicated and can again cause cracks in the curved front panel. The prior art wall panels and components are individually cast, which is time consuming and expensive to manufacture. Therefore, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a soil-retaining panel that does not crack when pressure is applied. A second object of the present invention is to provide a soil retaining structure using an arch connected to a wall panel.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a substantially flat front wall, an elliptical curved back surface having both ends connected to the front wall, and an arcuate back surface. The first object is achieved by an arch-shaped soil retaining panel having an inner top portion and a support portion connecting the front wall. According to a second aspect of the present invention, a substantially flat front wall, an elliptical curved back surface having both ends connected to the front wall, an inner top portion of the back surface of the bow and the front wall are connected to each other. A plurality of tie-back members each having an arch-shaped soil holding panel having a support portion, a column portion having an upright column portion at least at one end, and a rib portion protruding laterally from the column portion; Place the tie-back members at a constant interval in the direction perpendicular to the bank, install the pillars on the side opposite to the bank, and place the arch-shaped soil retaining panel between the pair of tie-back members on the bank side. Of the tieback, and the ribs of the tieback engage the ends of the bow-shaped back and front wall that are integrated to support the horizontal pressure of the bank with the bow. The second purpose is achieved by the earth retaining structure. In the invention according to claim 3, the second object is achieved by a plurality of soil retaining structures according to claim 2 and a soil retaining structure configured by gradually stacking the soil retaining structures in a stepwise manner along the shape of the bank.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. First, the arch-shaped soil holding panel 20 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG.
The soil retaining panel 20 comprises a substantially flat front wall 21 and a curved rear wall 22 so as to form an arch. The rear wall 22 of the soil holding panel 20 preferably has an oval horizontal cross section. Here, a central span 23 is provided for increased strength. The front wall 21, center span 23 and back wall 22 can be cast together as a single unit. The end portion 24 of the soil holding panel 20 is the first pillar portion 16 of the tieback member 10 when used.
Touch the back of. 6 of this arch-shaped soil holding panel 20
A sectional view of -6 is shown in FIG.

The soil holding panel 20 can be cast before transportation and assembled on site. Each arched soil retention panel 20 preferably uses low slump concrete or concrete with a small water to concrete ratio. Although each arched panel 20 can be cast separately, there is also a method of casting two arched soil retaining panels 20 at one time. Both soil retention panels are cast using concrete with a small water to concrete ratio. This method is performed by making a mold 45 having two semi-oval channels 46, 47 as shown in FIG. Each of the channels 46, 47 has first and second ends, and one substantially straight channel 42 is the first of the semi-elliptical channels as shown in FIG.
And is in contact with the second end. Thus, the front surfaces of walls 51 and 41 are cast together for splitting after manufacture. In other words, the two panels are placed in series so that they can be separated later and are cast as if they were Siamese twins. Groove 42 is provided in the channel so that the two panels can be separated. The separation of the two front panels makes it possible to form a front surface of attractive and decorative appearance on the front wall 21 of the soil retaining panel 20 of FIG.

The soil retaining structure for retaining the bank according to this embodiment is composed of layers 2, 3 and 4 as shown in FIG.
It holds soil fillings 5 filled at different heights. Such banks can be placed, for example, at a level below the road to support the shoulders of the road or above the road to protect the slope. Layers 2, 3 and 4 are of modular construction and consist of a tieback member 10 and an arched soil retaining panel 20. The soil holding panel 20 is formed of only a single member, and a plurality of soil holding panels 20 may be stacked and arranged as shown in FIG. 7. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the tie-back member 10 has an upright first pillar portion 16 and a leg portion 18, and the leg portion 18 projects rearward from the first pillar portion 16. The entire length of the leg portion 18 is preferably the same as the height of the first pillar portion 16, but can be changed depending on the situation of the embankment to be built. The ratio of the length of the leg portion 18 in the horizontal direction to the first pillar portion 16 is generally determined in relation to the stable state of soil.

The left and right sides of the first pillar portion 16 of the tieback member 10 are projected, and this forms a rib portion. There is an elongated recess 14 extending along the backside of this rib which receives the end 24 of the soil retaining panel 20 during the assembly operation. The soil retention panel 20 bridges the lateral spacing between adjacent pairs of tieback members 10 without interconnection members between the modular structures. In this embodiment, the front portion of the first pillar portion 16 of the tieback member 10 is
It is an optional keyhole in any support rod (not shown) or metal plate. The arrangement of the first pillar portions 16 in the cross-sectional direction has sufficient force to receive the force through the soil holding panel 20, and has factors such as compactness, easiness of construction, and prevention of damage during work. Judge considering. The tieback member 10 has horizontal legs 18 extending into the bank a fixed distance from the first post 16 and serves to relieve pressure from behind the soil retention panel 20 to the ground. ing.

The legs 18 extend rearward from each of the first pillars 16. Each leg 18 is designed to have a sufficient frictional resistance so that the tieback member 10 does not come off due to the soil held when the tieback member 10 is attached during work. The leg portion 18 is the first pillar portion 16
The second pillar portion 12 having substantially the same shape as the above forms an end. The second pillar portion 12 increases the frictional resistance between each tieback member 10 and the soil filling material 5 and functions to prevent separation. Since each tie-back member 10 has a symmetrical shape,
It is easy to cast and use. That is, the builder does not need to identify the front and rear of the pillar portion when performing the construction work. Each tieback member 10 is made of a single piece of precast concrete. It is desirable to use concrete with a low water to cement ratio or low slump concrete for easier casting and increased strength. That is, the concentration of water is low compared to the amount of concrete used. Casting requires only enough water to form the concrete in the mould. The precast concrete structure may be reinforced by prestressing, pretensioning or other means well known in the art.

When constructing a bank with a soil retaining structure that includes a plurality of layers 2, 3, 4, first about 10 tieback members 10 are placed on a suitable foundation about 2 feet below a level not shown. To build from the lower layers. When the first pillar portion 16 is angled toward the bank,
Normal soil retention function is achieved. Therefore, it does not normally take an angle in the opposite direction. After the tieback members 10 have been properly positioned across the central axis extending in the bank direction, the individual arched soil retention panels 20 are accurately positioned between each tieback member 10. The end 24 of such a soil retention panel 20 is received in the elongated recess 14 behind the first post 16 of the tieback member 10. As the work of arranging the soil holding panel 20 progresses, the soil filler 5 is filled behind the soil holding panel 20 and around the legs 18, and compressed against the soil holding panel 20 and the legs 18. At the end of each layer, when the soil filling 5 is filled around the tie-back member 10, if there is an insufficient end of the base, the soil filling 5 has already been filled. It is preferable to hold a plurality of tieback members 10 at the same time in order to prevent them from collapsing. This is effectively done, for example, by a cable or the like. Depending on the condition of the place where the parts are installed, it may be necessary to drain water appropriately.
Appropriate drainage means (not shown) may be provided at such locations. Due to the layered structure of the present embodiment, this soil holding structure is released from a large hydrostatic pressure.

When the lower level layer 2 is complete, the upper layer 3 is constructed in a similar manner. The arrangement of the tieback member 10 in the second layer is the same as the tieback member 1 in the first layer.
Stacked to 0 and placed. The successive layers 3, 4 constructed in the same way as the first layer 2 can also be constructed immediately after the lower layer 2 is constructed, since each layer can be self-supporting without the support of the other layers. It is also possible to build it after a while. The tie-back member 10 of each layer is
Although the legs 18 have the same length, the length of the upper leg 18 may be shorter than that of the lower leg 18.
The interior angle of the first pillar portion 16 and the leg portion 18 of the tieback member 10 can be slightly smaller than 90 °, but should not affect condensation or the formation of steps. The soil holding panel 20 is held in place against the tieback member 10 by the pressure of the filled soil filling material 5 behind the soil holding panel 20. Due to the curved back wall 22 on the back of the soil retaining panel 20 and the arrangement of the inwardly convex surface for receiving the soil filling 5, the panel can absorb the load of the compressed soil filling 5. . The outward movement of the soil retaining panel 20 under the pressure of the soil filling 5 is prevented by the tieback member posts 16. The load on the upright first pillars 16 of each layer is transferred to the soil and ground behind through the legs 18. In this way, each layer can be self-supporting. The front surface of this soil retention panel 20 is flat, decorative and has an attractive appearance.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to minimize the area of the mountain-shaped terrain where the bank is constructed. Therefore, instead of constructing a bank on a vast mountain-shaped terrain region and a slope extending widely, it is possible to construct a slope of soil on a relatively narrow region near the road shoulder. In a typical soil slope formation, every two feet of horizontal movement raises one foot vertically. On the side of the downward slope of the mountain and the slope of the hill, the movement distance is uncertain in this horizontal direction.

The present embodiment overcomes these problems and can reduce horizontal movement by ½ foot per foot or by raising as in the stacked layer arrangement of FIG. Therefore, in each layer of this embodiment,
The inclination angles of all the inclinations formed by the imaginary line passing through the intermediate points are steeper than those in other practical applications. Other related problems are also largely eliminated or reduced by this embodiment. The second present embodiment of the present invention builds a modular soil retention panel as a noise barrier as shown in FIG. The first pillar portion 16 and the second pillar portion 12 of each tieback member 10 are joined together against each other. By increasing the sizes of the first pillar portion 16 and the second pillar portion 12, the soil holding panel 20 can be resisted by the force of the soil. As shown in FIG. 4, by filling the earth filling 36 into the retaining wall structure, a more effective noise barrier can be obtained.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment. With the second layer 9 of retaining walls, the soil retaining panel 20 obtains a layer 9 of desired height stacked along tieback members (not shown). Layer 8 has a single soil retention panel disposed therein. Reinforced precast concrete structures, although most practical, economical and desirable in embodiments of the present invention, may be constructed of other suitable materials such as steel, plastic, reinforced fiberglass and the like. Here, the tieback members 10 are for placement of arched soil retention panels and for transmitting soil pressure to such panels to soil mass while resisting wall pulling or other adverse movements. It is provided. As a result, a holding wall having high strength, stability and durability can be obtained.

[0017]

The arch-shaped soil retaining panel according to the first aspect of the present invention has the arch-shaped portion on the back surface for retaining the soil pressure, and the soil retaining structure according to the second aspect and the third aspect of the present invention provides a continuous sequential method.
Alternatively, the soil holding structures can be constructed independently of each other to a desired height with a desired time interval.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a multilayer bank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a bank layer showing an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a front view of the bank and holding wall structure shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a noise wall showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a soil holding panel that is an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the soil holding panel of FIG. 5, taken along line 6-6.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layered bank in a stacked form.

FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing a casting mold.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Soil Filler 10 Tieback Member 14 Groove 12 Second Pillar 16 First Pillar 18 Leg 20 Soil Retaining Panel 21 Front Wall 22 Rear Wall 23 Center Span 24 End 36 Soil Filler 42 Groove 46, 47 Channel

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor H. Joe Mahine 80295 Denver, Colorado, United States 1860 Lincoln Street, Suites 1026

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A substantially flat front wall, an arcuate back surface curved in an oval shape and having both ends connected to the front wall, and a support portion connecting the inner top of the arcuate back surface and the front wall. An arch-shaped soil holding panel comprising: 2. A substantially flat front wall, an arcuate back surface curved in an oval shape and having both ends connected to the front wall, and a support portion connecting the inner top of the back surface of the bow and the front wall. A plurality of tiebacks, each of which has an arch-shaped soil retaining panel including: and a tieback member having at least one end of an upright pillar portion and a rib portion protruding laterally from the pillar portion. Place the members at regular intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bank, and install the pillars facing the bank,
The arch-shaped soil retaining panel is arranged between a pair of tieback members with the arch-shaped back face facing the bank, and the rib portion of the tieback portion has an end portion where the arch-shaped back face and the front wall are integrated. The earth retaining structure is characterized in that the horizontal pressure of the bank is supported by the arcuate portion by engaging with each other. 3. A soil retaining structure comprising a plurality of soil retaining structures according to claim 2 and being gradually stacked in a stepwise manner along the shape of a bank.