JPH0690598A - On-vehicle generation set - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To get high-output generation always stable to load ripple by providing a means which varies the capacitance of a capacitor by changing over a plurality of capacitors connected between second winding output terminals as occasion demands. CONSTITUTION:Defining a plurality of capacitors, which constitute a group of capacitors, as C1, C2,..., for example, the frequency voltage Vfr is set in advance to the frequency lower than fr, avoiding the resonance frequency fr and its vicinity being decided by the impedance of the second winding 19 of an armature part, the capacitance of the capacitor connected to the output winding 13 of the armature part, and the frequency of the voltage Va induced between the output terminals of the second winding 19. When Vfo decided by the frequency of Va gets over Vfr, a group of capacitors 18 are changed over, for example, from C1 to C2 larger in capacitance with a switch means 20, which connects a group of capacitors 18 between the output terminals of the second winding 19 or cuts off them, with the output signals A and B from a capacitor capacity varying means 22, or when Vfo falls below Vfr, they are changed over from C2 to C1, thus they are connected, avoiding resonance frequency to the frequency of Vao.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention rotates a field part by external power such as a battery mounted on a vehicle or an on-vehicle power generator for supplying electric power to a plurality of electric devices to rotate the field part. The present invention relates to a performance improving device for a power generator that extracts electric energy electromagnetically induced in a winding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional automobile generator, Japanese Patent Publication No.
A single-phase or multi-phase output winding for an armature part that constitutes a magnetic circuit by rotating a field part with external power as shown in JP-A-9-13665 and facing the magnetic pole surface of the field part. Has been proposed, and a method of rectifying the electric energy electromagnetically induced in the output winding and extracting DC power of 12V or 24V has been proposed and put into practical use. At this time, the magnetic field inside the generator is
New edition Automotive Engineering Handbook 6th edition (published by book publisher) Chapter 3 Dynamo Fig. 3-24, "When load current flows, generator as described in 3.3.2" An electric current similar to a three-phase sine wave alternating current flows through the armature (coil of the stator) to form a magnetic field, which interferes with the magnetic field of the rotor and causes a so-called armature reaction.
For example, if a three-phase alternating current flows as shown in FIG. 3-24, in addition to the magnetic field Fo of the rotor, the magnetic field F of the armature current F
a occurs as an armature reaction. As a result, Fo, Fa
A magnetic field F'is generated by both of them and becomes a magnetic field effective for power generation. Is explained. Fo, Fa, F ',
The relationship between V and I _L is shown in a simple vector diagram as shown in FIG.

[0003] the generator inside a magnetic field F by the action of the magnetic field Fa due to the output current I _L as can be seen in FIG. 5 'rotor (field portion) results in that the output of the generator is reduced due to the reduced than the magnetic field Fo of Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size of the generator to produce the required output.

To solve this problem, capacitor connecting means as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 have been proposed. This is because the leading current Ic flowing through the capacitor is converted to the output current Ic.
_By superposing it on _L and advancing the vector of the magnetic field Fa due to the armature current, the magnetic field F ′ inside the generator is increased. As a result, the output of the generator can be increased.

In addition, as a generator for an automobile that can produce a large output with a small size by using a small capacitor, in addition to the output winding, the number of phases is the same as that of the output winding and more windings are provided than the output winding. In addition, there has been proposed a configuration in which a capacitor is connected between all terminals of the second winding provided in the armature section, and the second winding arranged in the same manner as the output winding.

A conventional automobile generator proposed to achieve miniaturization will be described below with reference to the simplified electric circuit diagram of FIG.

In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1 is a field winding of a field portion, and 2 is a field winding.
Brush / slip ring, 3 is output winding of armature part, 4
Rectifier, a battery 5, an output terminal 6, 7 is a voltage regulator, V is the voltage induced in one phase output coil, I _L is the voltage V
Is the output current flowing in the output winding of the phase being measured, 9 is the same number of phases as the output winding 3 and is provided in the armature section in addition to the output winding 3, and more windings are provided than the output winding 3. And the second winding 8 arranged in the same manner as the output winding 3, 8 is the second winding 9
A capacitor connected between all terminals of the
c is the voltage induced in one phase of the second winding 9, Ic is the voltage V
It is a current flowing through the second winding 9 of the phase whose c is being measured.

FIG. 9 is a simplified vector diagram showing the relationship among the voltage, current and magnetic field shown in FIG. The magnetic field F effective for power generation is the magnetic field F of the rotor (field part) and the magnetic field F of I _L.
It is the vector sum by the three parties of the magnetic field Fc by a and Ic.

Since the second winding 9 has a larger number of turns than the output winding 3, the voltage Vc electromagnetically induced in the second winding 9 is larger than the voltage V electromagnetically induced in the output winding 3. A high voltage is applied to the capacitor 8 connected between the terminals of the winding 9, and the capacity of the capacitor 8 required to obtain the predetermined advance current Ic is small. Further, since the current Ic flowing through the second winding 9 has a relatively small value, the winding may be thin, and it is not necessary to increase the size of the automobile generator by providing the second winding. . Therefore, it is possible to provide an automobile generator that is small in size and can produce a large output by using a small capacitor.

An abnormality is detected when the reactance of the second winding 9 and the impedances of the capacitor 8 and the load resonate with the frequency of the voltage V induced in one phase of the armature coil, and the capacitor 8 is detected. A means for separating from the armature winding output terminals by using an electromagnetic switch or the like, and a capacitor 8 is connected between the armature winding output terminals by using an electromagnetic switch or the like when the rotation speed becomes higher than a preset rotation speed. It has been proposed to disconnect from.

[0011]

However, in the above-described conventional automobile generator, the number of phases is the same as that of the output winding, the number of windings is larger than that of the output winding, and the number of output windings is larger than that of the output winding. Second winding 9 and capacitor 8 arranged the same as the wire
If the impedance of the load and the impedance of the load resonate with the frequency of the voltage V induced in the armature coil one phase, the current or voltage of the capacitor 8 may rise abnormally and the generator or the device connected to the power output may be destroyed. There is.

In order to solve this problem, a means for detecting these abnormalities and disconnecting the capacitor 8 from the output terminals of the second winding 9 by using an electromagnetic switch or the like is proposed, but the second winding is used. It is conceivable that by disconnecting the capacitor from between the wire terminals, the magnetic field F ′ due to the armature current becomes smaller and the output of the generator is reduced.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a vehicle-mounted power generator capable of ensuring performance.

[0014]

In order to achieve this object, the vehicle-mounted power generator of the present invention has the same number of phases as the output winding and a larger number of windings than the output winding, apart from the output winding. Then
Further, at least two capacitors having different electrostatic capacities are provided between the second winding output terminals which are arranged in the same manner as this output winding, and these capacitors are used as needed for the second winding. Means for connecting between the output terminals, means for detecting the frequency of the voltage induced between the second winding output terminals, or means for detecting the current flowing through the capacitor connected to the second winding output terminal And a means for changing the capacitor capacitance between the output terminals by switching a plurality of capacitors connected between the second winding output terminals according to the detecting means.

[0015]

With this configuration, the number of rotations of the generator can be increased by providing a means for changing the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitors by switching a plurality of capacitors connected between the second winding output terminals as needed. It is possible to obtain stable high-output power generation and to ensure performance even in a wide range of fluctuations or load fluctuations.

[0016]

(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted power generator according to the present invention. 11 is a field winding, 12 is a brush slip ring, 13 is an output winding of the armature portion, 14 is a rectifier,
Reference numeral 15 is a battery, 16 is an output terminal, 17 is a voltage regulator, and 19 is provided in an armature section. And a second winding 18 arranged in the same manner as the output winding 13, 18 is a plurality of capacitor groups having different electrostatic capacitances connected between all terminals of the second winding 19, 2
0 is an opening / closing means for connecting the capacitor group 18 between the output terminals of the second winding 19 as required, and Va is the second winding 19
Is a voltage induced between the terminals of the voltage detector, 21 is a frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency of Va, Vfo is an F / V converted DC voltage output from the frequency detecting means 21, and 22 is an output of the frequency detecting means 21. The capacitor capacitance varying means for varying the capacitance of the capacitor connected between the output terminals of the second winding 19 by switching a plurality of capacitors having different electrostatic capacities constituting the capacitor group 18, A and B are set in advance. This signal is output from the capacitor capacity varying means 22 when the frequency becomes higher or lower than the specified frequency.

The operation of the vehicle-mounted power generator configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 2
Is an equivalent circuit of a capacitor connected between the second winding output terminals. I _L is a current flowing between the second winding output terminals, Ic is a current flowing through the capacitor connected to the second winding, and I is an LC parallel circuit including the second winding and the capacitor C. It is the flowing circuit current. FIG. 3 shows changes in the circuit current with respect to changes in the frequency of Va when capacitors C1 and C2 having different capacitances are connected between the output terminals of the second winding. Vfr is a preset frequency voltage, the impedance of the second winding part of the armature part is L1,
When a plurality of capacitors forming the above capacitor group are C1, C2, ..., Cn, for example, the setting of Vfr is set to the impedance L1 of the second winding 19 of the armature part,
The resonance frequency f determined by the capacitance (C1) of the capacitor connected to the output winding 13 of the armature part and the frequency fo of the voltage Va induced between the output terminals of the second winding 19.
r = 1 / 2π (L1 · C1) 0. 5 [Hz] ( if very small resistance R of the equivalent circuit of FIG. 2) avoiding the vicinity, set to a frequency lower than fr. When Vfo determined by the frequency of Va becomes higher than Vfr, the plurality of capacitors are connected between the output terminals of the second winding 19 by the signals A and B output from the capacitor capacity varying means 22. The opening / closing means 20 for disconnecting switches to, for example, the capacitor C2 having a larger electrostatic capacitance than C1. When Vfo becomes lower than Vfr, the capacitor group 18 is switched to C1 by the signals A and B output from the capacitor capacity varying means 22. As a result, it is possible to connect the capacitor to the frequency of Va while avoiding the resonance frequency.

Therefore, a high output can always be obtained and performance can be ensured against a wide range of fluctuations in the rotational speed of the generator.

(Second Embodiment) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram of an on-vehicle power generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a field winding, 12
Is a brush / slip ring, 13 is an output winding of the armature, 14 is a rectifier, 15 is a battery, 16 is an output terminal, 17 is a voltage regulator, and 19 is an output winding 13 provided in the armature. Separately, the second winding having the same number of phases as the output winding 13, the number of windings larger than that of the output winding 13, and the same arrangement as that of the output winding 13, and 18 are all of the second winding 19. A plurality of capacitor groups having different electrostatic capacities respectively connected between the terminals, and 20 is an opening / closing means for connecting the capacitor group 18 between the output terminals of the second winding 19 as necessary,
The above is the same as the configuration of FIG. The difference from the configuration of FIG. 1 is that the current detecting means 23 for detecting the current flowing through the capacitor connected to the output terminal of the second winding, and the electrostatic capacitance forming the capacitor group 18 according to the output of this detecting means. This is the point that the capacitor capacity changing means 24 is configured to switch a plurality of different capacitors to change the capacity of the capacitor connected between the output terminals of the second winding 19.

The operation of the on-vehicle power generator of the second embodiment of the present invention constructed as above will be described below. When the current flowing through the capacitor connected between the output terminals of the second winding becomes higher or lower than the preset current value, the plurality of capacitors forming the capacitor group 18 are switched, The capacitance of the capacitor connected between the output terminals of the winding wire 19 is varied, and as a similar effect, resonance at the time of load change can be prevented, and a high output can always be obtained for a wide range of load changes and performance can be secured. it can.

It should be noted that condensates C1, C2, ... Cn have the same capacitance, and C1, (C1 + C2), (C1 + C
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by switching the connection to 2 + Cn).

Further, a high-voltage electric energy generated in the second winding 19 is used to supply electric power to the field winding 11 of the field section and the high-voltage driving load, which is characterized by the fact that it is used in a vehicle. The same effect can be obtained with the device.

[0025]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION A field part is rotated by external power, and a single-phase or multi-phase output winding is provided in an armature part which constitutes a magnetic circuit facing the magnetic pole surface of the field part. 12V or 24V by rectifying the electric energy electromagnetically induced in the wire
Of the DC power of the second winding, the second winding having the same number of phases as the output winding, the number of the output windings being increased, and the same arrangement as the output winding. In a vehicle-mounted generator in which a winding is provided in the armature section, at least two or more capacitors having different electrostatic capacities are provided between the second winding output terminals, and the capacitor is provided in the first Means for connecting between the two winding output terminals, a means for detecting the frequency of the voltage induced between the second winding output terminals, or a capacitor connected to the output terminal of the second winding. By providing means for detecting a current and means for varying the capacitor capacitance between the output terminals by switching the plurality of capacitors connected between the second winding output terminals according to the output of the detecting means, Wide range of generator speed Dynamic, or against load variations, always obtain a stable high-output power generation, it is possible to provide a vehicle power generating apparatus capable of ensuring performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted power generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a capacitor connected between the second winding output terminals according to the present invention.

3 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the current flowing through the equivalent circuit of FIG. 2 and the operation of the in-vehicle power generator of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted power generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 5] Simplified vector diagram showing the relationship between voltage, current and magnetic field of a conventional automobile generator

FIG. 6 is an electric circuit diagram simply showing a conventional vehicle generator for the purpose of increasing the generator output.

FIG. 7 is a simplified vector diagram showing the relationship between voltage, current and magnetic field in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram simply showing a conventional vehicle generator proposed to achieve miniaturization.

FIG. 9 is a simplified vector diagram showing the relationship between voltage, current and magnetic field in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Field Winding 12 Brush Slip Ring 13 Output Winding 14 Rectifier 15 Battery 16 Output Terminal 17 Voltage Regulator 18 Capacitor Group 19 Second Winding 20 Opening / Closing Means 21 Frequency Detecting Means 22, 24 Capacitor Capacity Changing Means 23 Current Detecting means Va DC voltage Vfo induced between armature winding output terminals Vfo Va direct voltage Vfr F / V converted Vfr Preset frequency voltage

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A single-phase or multi-phase output winding is provided in an armature portion that constitutes a magnetic circuit facing a magnetic pole surface of the magnetic field portion by rotating the magnetic field portion with external power. A method for rectifying the electric energy induced in a wire to obtain DC power of 12V or 24V, which has the same number of phases as the output winding and the winding from the output winding separately from the output winding. And a second winding having the same arrangement as that of the output winding is provided in the armature section, at least the capacitance between the second winding output terminals is different. Two
Means for connecting between the second winding output terminals as needed, having one or more capacitors, and means for detecting the frequency of the voltage induced between the second winding output terminals A means for switching the plurality of capacitors connected between the second winding output terminals in accordance with the output of the detecting means to vary the capacitor capacitance between the second winding output terminals. A vehicle-mounted power generator. 2. A field unit is rotated by external power. A single-phase or multi-phase output winding is provided in the armature portion that constitutes the magnetic circuit facing the magnetic pole surface of the field magnet portion, and the electric energy electromagnetically induced in the output winding is rectified to 12 V or 24 V. DC power is taken out of the output winding, the number of phases is the same as that of the output winding, the number of windings is larger than that of the output winding, and the same arrangement as that of the output winding is provided. In a vehicle-mounted generator in which a second winding is provided in the armature section, at least two different capacitances are provided between the second winding output terminals.
Having one or more capacitors, connecting the capacitors between the second winding output terminals as required, means for detecting a current flowing through the capacitors, and the means for detecting the output of the detecting means. An in-vehicle power generator, comprising means for switching the plurality of capacitors connected between the second winding output terminals to vary the capacitor capacitance between the output terminals. 3. The in-vehicle power generator according to claim 1, wherein the electric energy generated in the second winding is supplied to the field unit and the high voltage load.