JPH0688374B2 - Composite plywood - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite plywood, and more specifically, it is composed of an inorganic porous body and a shirasu fiber sheet that reinforces the porous body. Regarding composite plywood.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, the demand for alternative materials for wood has increased due to the shortage of wood for construction, and due to the diversification of uses of buildings and the incombustibility of interior and exterior materials, it is robust, lightweight, and heat-insulating. Development of interior / exterior materials for buildings, which are excellent in heat resistance, sound insulation and flame retardancy and fire resistance, is underway.

Under such circumstances, as a so-called new building material, a board made of a synthetic resin material such as a polyester board as a base material, or an inorganic material such as a calcium asbestos silicate board, a lightweight cellular concrete board, a siding board, or a perlite board is used. A plate body as a base material has been developed, and these new building materials have already been widely put to practical use as interior and exterior materials for construction. These synthetic resin-based and inorganic-based plates have a partially excellent performance such as a relatively lightweight plate excellent in heat insulation performance or sound insulation performance, or a plate having sufficient fire resistance and flame retardancy. I have.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, a plate body made of a synthetic resin material is generally flexible, has a relatively low combustion temperature, and has a problem that it emits a toxic gas during combustion.

In addition, the plate body based on an inorganic material is generally fragile in material itself as compared with wood or wood-based plywood, and therefore, when cutting or punching, the material around the cut portion is liable to break. It has problems in construction. The plate body using an inorganic material as a base material also has a problem that when formed as a thin plate, the dust (toughness) as a plate material is poor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating performance and flame retardant performance, and can be molded as a relatively thin plate, has toughness as a plate material, and further, is excellent. A first object is to provide a composite plywood having workability or workability.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a composite plywood which is excellent in bending rigidity, heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance and has good workability and workability.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The first object of the present invention is a composite formed by integrally molding a plate-shaped core material made of an inorganic porous material and a sheet-shaped reinforcement material made of shirasu fiber roughly woven in a mesh shape. Achieved by plywood.

In the composite plywood having such a configuration, the composite plywood can be formed as a plate that is lightweight and has excellent heat insulation performance and flame retardancy by using an inorganic porous body as a core material,
By using a mesh sheet made of shirasu fiber as a reinforcing material, it is possible to form a thin and tough plate material.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite plywood is arranged such that the reinforcing material is arranged on both sides of the core material, respectively, and the reinforcing material is formed so as to be in close contact with the core material integrally. The core material is reinforced from both sides to enhance the toughness of the composite plywood.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing material is embedded in the core material, and the reinforcing material enhances the toughness of the composite plywood and makes the composite plywood flexible. There is.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a sheet-like reinforcing material, which is a plate-like core material made of an inorganic porous material and a shirasu fiber roughly woven in a mesh shape, and which is embedded in the core material. The veneer of the constituted composite plywood is achieved by the composite plywood characterized by laminating a plurality of layers.

In the composite plywood having such a configuration, by bending a plurality of layers of veneers composed of a core material made of an inorganic porous material and a sheet made of mesh-like shirasu fiber embedded in the core material, It is possible to form a composite plywood having excellent rigidity, heat insulation performance, and fire resistance performance, and having good workability and workability.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a surface-finishing sheet forming a finishing surface is further laminated on the surface of the single-layer or multi-layer composite plywood.

By including this surface finishing sheet, the composite plywood can be used as an interior / exterior finishing material that does not require painting finish on site.

〔Example〕

1 to 5 show a first composite plywood to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the composite plywood before the surface finishing sheet is attached, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are composite plywood shown in FIG. 1 with the surface finishing sheet attached. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a perspective view showing the attached state, and FIG.
It is a structural diagram which shows the structure of the composite plywood shown in FIG. And FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the composite plywood 1 includes a plate-shaped base material 3 and shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 arranged on both surfaces of the base material 3, respectively.
And are configured as main components.

The base material 3 is an integral plate body formed from a foamed material containing an inorganic substance as a main material, and is in close contact with the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 on both side surfaces.
It is integrated with 4.

The base material 3 has a strength capable of being self-supporting, constitutes a core material of the composite plywood 1, and contains a main agent, a foaming agent and a curing agent described below as main components.

Main ingredient g / Main ingredient Wg Water glass (No. 3) 65 to 75% Silica powder and silica 3 to 4% Kaolin 6 to 7% Shirasu glass fiber to 2.5% Epoxy coated shirasu balloon 15 to 20% b. Foam material g / Main ingredient Wg Colloidal silica 3-4% Surfactant Water glass (No. 3) 3-4% Water 3-4% c. Curing agent Sodium Fluoride 8-10% of main ingredient In addition, Shirasu fiber sheet 2, 4 The shirasu fiber sheet 2 is a mesh-like product formed by roughly weaving vertical and horizontal shirasu sheets and is located on the upper surface of the base material 3.
Means that vertical and horizontal silas fibers are arranged along the horizontal and vertical directions of the composite plywood 1, and the silas fiber sheet 4 located on the lower surface of the base material 3 is approximately horizontal and vertical to the composite plywood 1.
It is arranged at an angle of 45 °. The shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 adhere to both sides of the base material 3 to reinforce the base material 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a surface finishing sheet 5 is further attached to the surface of the shirasu fiber sheet 2 with an adhesive, and the surface finishing sheet 5 constitutes a finishing surface of the composite plywood 1. There is. As the surface finishing sheet 5, various sheet-like materials such as synthetic film sheet, kraft paper, aluminum foil laminated paper, asphalt felt, tar felt, metal foil, or a fluffy decorative sheet depending on the purpose of use. In use, the composite plywood 1 can be attached to a structure of a building by using the surface of the composite plywood 1 to which the surface finish sheet 5 is attached as an interior finish surface.

In the composite plywood 1 having the above-described structure, the base material 3 is made of a foamed material containing an inorganic substance as a main material, is lightweight, and is excellent in flame retardancy. Further, since the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 are in close contact with both surfaces of the base material 3, the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 and the base material 3 are
And cooperate to increase the toughness of the composite plywood 1. Also,
Composite plywood 1 comprising shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 and substrate 3
The main components of the can be easily cut with a slate cutter, NT cutter or saw, and the finishing of the cut can be easily done with sanding paper or a planer. Either can be attached to the structure of the building. Therefore, the composite plywood 1 is extremely excellent in workability and workability as an interior material for buildings.

Next, a method for manufacturing the composite plywood 1 will be described. First,
The main agent, foaming agent and curing agent are mixed and stirred. A mold in which the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 are set in advance at predetermined intervals is prepared, and the raw material of the base material 3 obtained by this mixing and stirring is used between the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 in the mold. It is poured into the formed space and foamed. The raw material is brought into close contact with and is integrated with the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 by foaming, and thus an integrated composite plywood 1 including the base material 3 and the shirasu fiber sheets 3 and 4 is formed. According to this method, the raw material of the base material 3 penetrates into the gaps between the shirasu fibers forming the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 3 and closely adheres to the shirasu fiber sheet 2. Therefore, the shirasu fiber sheets 2 and 4 are the base material 3
It does not peel off easily.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the composite plywood according to the present invention.

In the figure, a shirasu fiber sheet 11 is embedded in a base material 13 of a composite plywood 10. A surface finishing sheet 15 is attached to the surface of the base material 13. The shirasu fiber sheet 11 functions as a reinforcing material for the base material 13 and imparts flexibility to the composite plywood 10.

The composite plywood 10 shown in FIG. 5 is manufactured by the following manufacturing method.

A shirasu fiber sheet is immersed in an aqueous solution obtained by diluting a liquid inorganic curing agent, for example, a stock solution of a curing agent commercially available under the trade name of Rigidizer 5 times, and the aqueous solution is attached to the shirasu fiber sheet. By adding the above-mentioned liquid inorganic curing agent adjusted to a predetermined concentration to foamed obsidian at a high temperature of about 1200 ° C, the obsidian foam prepared in a sprayable state by a hydraulic spray Spray on both sides of the Shirasu fiber sheet and attach. Then, a substantially plate-shaped body composed of the shirasu fiber sheet and the obsidian foam sprayed on both sides of the shirasu fiber sheet is extruded and shaped by a roller, cut into a plate body having a predetermined size, and left for about 5 hours. . By further heating and drying the plate body thus obtained, the composite plywood 10 including the base material 13 in which the shirasu fiber sheet 11 is embedded is formed. Next, an adhesive material, for example, methyl cellulose is applied to both surfaces of the base material 13 and a surface finishing sheet 15 such as a synthetic film sheet is attached to the base material 13 to form the composite plywood 10 shown in FIG.

Similar to the composite plywood 1 of the first embodiment, the composite plywood 10 having the above-described structure is also lightweight and excellent in flame retardant performance, and further excellent in workability and workability as an interior material for buildings. There is. In addition, since the shirasu fiber sheet 11 is embedded in the base material 13, the composite plywood 10 has good toughness and is formed as a relatively flexible plywood.

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment according to the present invention.
The figure shows a multi-layer composite plywood 20 formed by laminating the composite plywood 10 shown in FIG. 5 into a plurality of layers.

As shown in the figure, each of the composite plywoods 10 is bonded to each other by an adhesive agent, and constitutes an integral composite plywood as a whole. The composite plywood 20 has strong bending rigidity and excellent heat insulation and fire resistance as a whole of a plurality of laminated plywoods, and is therefore particularly suitable as a building exterior material.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and those modifications are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

For example, in the formulation of the raw material of the base material 3 described in Example 1 above, a silica resin such as a silicon resin is used in place of the water glass (No. 3) used as the main component, and a silas glass fiber is used instead. It can be used for glass wool, and obsidian perlite can be used in place of the epoxy coated Shirasu balloon.

The composite plywood 1 in the first embodiment can also be manufactured by an extrusion molding method.

In this case, lime 20 wt% for coal ash or fly ash
%, 5% by weight of gypsum, and 10% by weight of shirasu glass fiber are added to water to make a water / total weight = 10 to form a suspension, which is gelled with stirring at 100 ° C. for 4 hours. The gelled slurry is dehydrated, the water content is adjusted while adding fly ash, and an adhesive such as methyl cellulose is further added and mixed, and then kneaded by a kneader. The raw material thus obtained is extruded from the press-fitting tube of the extrusion molding machine, and the raw material to be extruded is sandwiched by the shirasu fiber sheets from both sides of the press-in tube, and the thus-prepared raw material and the shirasu fiber sheet are transferred by rollers. After molding and curing at 20 ° C for 24 hours in moist air, autoclave for 4 hours at 18 ° C,
The composite plywood 1 as shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured.

Further, the raw materials used in the extrusion molding method can be obtained from the following raw materials, for example.

・ Cement ・ Silica sand as aggregate ・ Perlite or epoxy coated silas balloon ・ Water ・ Methylcellulose as thickening material ・ Disintegrated silas glass fiber ・ Pulp or bamboo pulp Mixing and kneading these raw materials, the water content is 0.15 ~ maximum
The composite plywood 1 as shown in Fig. 1 is manufactured by extruding as described above with an extrusion molding machine, roller-forming with a Shirasu fiber sheet, and performing moisture-air curing and autoclave curing while adjusting within the range of 0.25. can do.

The composite plywood 1 produced by these two examples has physical properties of a bulk density of 1.0 g / cm or less, a thermal conductivity of 0.2 Kcal / mh ° C. or less, and a bending strength of 100 kgf / cm or more. As can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, a composite plywood having different physical properties can be produced by appropriately changing the above composition.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the composite plywood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the composite plywood is light in weight, has excellent heat insulation performance and flame retardancy, can be formed as a relatively thin plate, and has toughness as a plate material. It is possible to provide a composite plywood having workability or workability.

According to the composite plywood of the fourth aspect, it is possible to provide a composite plywood having excellent bending rigidity, heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance, and having good workability and workability.

According to the composite plywood of the fifth aspect, it is possible to provide a composite plywood having a surface finish in the composite plywood.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show a first composite plywood according to the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the composite plywood before the surface finishing sheet is attached, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are composite plywood shown in FIG. 1 with the surface finishing sheet attached. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a perspective view showing the attached state, and FIG. 4 is a structural diagram showing a structure of the composite plywood shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the composite plywood according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a third embodiment according to the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layer composite plywood formed by laminating the composite plywood shown in FIG. 5 in a plurality of layers. 1,10,20 …… Composite plywood 2,4,11 …… Shirasu fiber sheet 3,13 …… Base material 5,15 …… Surface finishing sheet

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A composite plywood having a plate-shaped core material made of an inorganic porous material and a reinforcing material for a sheet of shirasu fiber, wherein the shirasu fiber sheet is a coarsely woven shirasu fiber in a mesh shape. A woven sheet, the sheet extending on at least one surface of the core to reinforce the core,
A composite plywood, which is integrally adhered to the surface of the core material. 2. A composite plywood having a plate-shaped core material made of an inorganic porous material and a reinforcing material for a sheet of shirasu fiber, wherein the shirasu fiber sheet is woven coarsely in a mesh shape. A composite plywood, which is a woven fabric sheet, which is completely embedded inside the core material so as to reinforce the core material and extends parallel to the surface of the core material. 3. A composite plywood obtained by laminating a plurality of layers of a single plate having a plate-shaped core material made of an inorganic porous material and a reinforcing material for a sheet of shirasu fiber, the shirasu fiber sheet. Is a woven fabric sheet in which shirasu fibers are roughly woven into a mesh, and the sheet is completely embedded inside each core material so as to reinforce each core material, and the inside of the core material is parallel to the surface of each core material. A composite plywood, wherein the veneers are bonded to each other. 4. The composite plywood according to claim 1, wherein the shirasu fiber sheets are arranged on both sides of the core material. 5. The composite plywood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a surface finishing sheet forming a finishing surface is further laminated on at least one surface of the composite plywood.