JPH0688086B2 - Device for forming necks and flanges on containers - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally manufactures containers having a small diameter end near the open end and an outwardly facing flange thereon. The invention relates to a method and a device, in particular a modular device, which can be easily adapted to modify the small diameter end.

PRIOR ART The most common type of metal container used in the beer and liquor industry is what is commonly referred to as a two piece can. These two pieces consist of a first piece consisting of a cylindrical can body whose one end is closed by an integral end wall and what is called a double seam process after the filling process, at the top of the container. And a separately formed end plate that is attached. In the case of a cylindrical body, the double seam process creates a seam that extends beyond the circumference of the container body. In such cases, recently, a neck-in portion has been formed near the open end of the container body so that the double seam between the container body and the end plate is located within the peripheral boundary of the cylindrical container body. It has become common to do so. This makes the packaging of the container more compact, which
Reduce total transportation and storage costs.

Since the demand for this neck-in type container is gradually increasing, great efforts have been made to develop a device capable of quickly and reliably reducing the thickness of the neck portion and the peripheral edge of the container body. .

With increasing material costs, it is desirable to minimize material usage while maintaining container integrity. What the manufacturer has learned about where to reduce the amount of material used to make the final packaging container is to reduce the wall thickness of the container sidewall. Efforts have been made to reduce the thickness of the initial material that is drawn and ironed into the final container, but the wall thickness of the cylindrical portion of the container is also reduced during this drawing and ironing process. The thickness of the side wall of the can body is about 0.1 mm (0.004 inch)
However, for beer and liquor containers, the end of the body is normally 0.3 to 0.33 mm (0.012 to 0.013 inch) thick.

When reducing the metal thickness of the can body in this way, a conventional annular neck forming die is used to essentially press the container against this annular soybean, either at the open end of the container or at the neck-in portion of the open end of the container. There are inherent problems in manufacturing neck-in containers with decreasing size. This is especially true when producing containers on high speed equipment.

There are various devices for producing containers that have been pulled and iron treated and that have a single neck-in portion, a double neck-in portion, or a triple neck-in portion. Things have been proposed. These suggestions
For example, U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,812,696, 3,687,098, 3,
No. 983,729 and No. 4,070,888.

Due to the reduced wall thickness, another problem inherently occurs in shaping the container body during the necking process. Various proposals have been suggested to date, one of which is the use of pressurized fluid inside the container to increase the load bearing capacity of the container sidewall during the neck formation process. These processes present certain problems at high production rates.

In accordance with the present invention, a novel modular apparatus for manufacturing neck-in type containers comprises a plurality of substantially identical modules, each module having a plurality of stations, and Each station comprises two relatively moveable members which are moved towards and away from each other by means of a cam to produce containers with either single, double or triple necks of various diameters. ing. It will be appreciated that one module can be added to provide a flange to a single, double or triple necked container. Numerous effects are achieved by treating the container in a vertical orientation. These effects include the fact that the neck is secured perpendicular to the container body, the transmission of gravity, and the ease of operation when the jam has to be released. It is not limited. Different functions are performed in separate parts of each module.

One important feature of the invention is that the cam means used to engage the container with the neck forming die is segmented,
One section can be removed and replaced with another section in minutes, forming a single-, double- or triple-necked container without changing any other parts of the neck forming device. That is, the neck forming operation can be changed.

Each module forming a neck on the container is preferably
It consists of a turret that can rotate about a fixed axis, which turret has a plurality of the same neck-forming stations around it, each neck-forming station being
It has a fixed neck forming die, a punch reciprocable along an axis parallel to the fixed axis of the turret, and a table also movable along said axis, said punch and table being provided by a cam and cam follower. Can move. According to yet another feature of the invention, the cam and cam follower are directly engaged with each other by a pressurizing means which is either a pressurized air fluid, a pressurized hydraulic fluid or a combination of the two. It is always maintained in a matching state. Also, the pressure means for maintaining the cam and cam follower in engagement provide a centering action between the movable table and the neck forming die, thereby reducing the risk of misalignment of these two parts. To be done.

According to yet another feature of the invention, the apparatus for forming a neck on a container also comprises means for delivering a pressurized fluid to the container prior to making a substantial deformation of the metal. The pressing means for the container preferably comprises a holding chamber located close to the necking die so that the container is fully pressurized before entering the necking die. The pressurizing means also includes a valve defined between the neck forming die and the stamping punch to deliver pressurized fluid to the container to fully pressurize the container prior to entering the actual neck forming operation. ing. This valve is preferably an integral part of the instrument and is an annular valve that can quickly pressurize the can to increase the working speed of the machine. The holding chamber is also preferably annular so that a large amount of fluid can be fed into the container in a short time to further increase the production rate.

Embodiments While the present invention can be implemented in a number of different forms, preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated and described in detail below. It should be understood that the disclosure herein is illustrative of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of the invention to these examples.

FIG. 1 shows in plan view the entire neck and flanging device designed to produce a container having a triple neck and an outwardly facing flange. Such containers are now popular because they reduce the amount of thick metal required to form the ends. The completed triple necked container is shown in FIG.

The neck and flanging device comprises a container feeder, indicated generally by the reference numeral 20, which feeds the container to a first transfer wheel, indicated generally by the reference numeral 22. This first transfer wheel 22 is designated by the reference numeral 24.
The container is fed to a first neck forming module, generally indicated at, where a first neck is formed in the container, as described below. The container with the first neck formed is then sent to a second transfer wheel 26, which sends the container to a second neck forming module 28, where the container is formed with a second neck. , To the third transfer wheel 30. The container is then loaded with a pair of transfer wheels 34 and
36 to the third neck forming station 32. A third neck is formed in this third neck forming module 32, and the container is then conveyed by a further transfer wheel 38 to a flanging module 40 where an outwardly facing flange is formed on the container. , And is sent to a transfer wheel 42 and sent to a discharge conveyor (not shown).

According to one feature of the invention, all movable members of the neck and flanging device are driven by a single drive means 44, which comprises a variable speed motor connected to an output transmission 46. There is. The output transmission has an output shaft (not shown) to which gears are attached. Each of the transfer wheel, neck forming module and flanging module has a centrally located drive means and gears which mesh with each other to form a synchronized continuous drive mechanism between all parts on either side thereof. ing.

The variable speed drive mechanism allows the speed of the module to be automatically increased and decreased to match the quantity of containers flowing through the module with the quantity of containers flowing to other parts of the container manufacturing line. Also, the variable speed drive mechanism allows the operator to accurately indicate the manufacturing unit.

The neck and flanging device also has suitable arcuate guide elements 48 and 49 associated with each station and each transfer wheel.

According to one feature of the invention, each of the modules 24, 28, 32 and 40 has substantially the same frame construction,
Thus, they are interchangeable and can be added or removed depending on the type of container to be formed. Further, each neck forming module has a plurality of individual, identical neck forming stations that are circumferentially spaced, and in FIG. 1 there are 15 of these stations, which are It may increase or decrease. Each neck forming station will be described in detail below.

Each module (Fig. 14) has a container receiving section, a shaping section, a removing section, and a pause / stop section as described below.
It has a sorting category and a container discharge category.

The modular concept and C-shaped device configuration has a number of advantages. Since the frame structure of each module is the same, the inventory of parts can be significantly reduced. Further, the transfer wheels are all the same in structure, so that the inventory of parts can be further reduced. Due to the C-shaped floor layout, if there is only one operator at the center, all modules can be seen without moving.

Frame Structure As described above, each module is identical in structure and comprises a framework generally indicated at 50 in FIG. The frame 50 is composed of a lower frame member 52 and an upper frame 54 shown in a plan view in FIG.
The frames are interconnected by posts 56.

The framework 50 is suitably supported on the manufacturing line as needed. The pillar 56 has a solid structure that ensures alignment accuracy of various movable parts, as will be described later,
Appropriately connected to the frame members 52 and 54.

During manufacturing, each pair of lower and upper frame members 52 and 54 is
Corresponding sets are machined and punched together so as to ensure an absolutely precise alignment between these frame members when they are assembled with columns and a rotary turret, shown generally at 70. This accuracy of the equipment is very important for consistently producing high quality, uniform thin walled containers.

Rotary Turret Assembly The framework structure 50 forms a support for the rotary turret assembly 70. The rotary turret assembly 70 has
A plurality of identical neck forming stations 72 are held in fixed relation to each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the turret assembly includes a lower turret 74 and an upper turret 76. The lower turret 74 is in the form of a hollow central drive shaft which extends through openings 80 and 82 in the frame members 52 and 54 and is rotatably supported by suitable bearing means, such as bearing means 84.
The upper turret 76 is extendable and retractable with respect to the lower turret 74 and is held in the adjusted position by the wedge mechanism 86. For example, if it is desired to change the mechanism to form a neck on containers of different heights, the lower turret and upper turret can be retracted to change the necking station alignment. Without these turrets can be repositioned accurately. The upper hub means 110 forms the upper support means of the neck forming station and extends radially from the upper turret 76. Similarly, the lower hub means 112 extends radially outwardly from the lower turret 82 and connects the neck forming station.
Support the bottom of 72. The hub means has aligned portions on its outer periphery, which are the neck forming stations.
It is machined as corresponding pairs to ensure the alignment accuracy between the upper and lower parts of 72.

Neck Forming Station The neck forming station is shown in detail in FIGS. This station includes a lower container lifting portion, generally indicated by reference numeral 130, and a reference numeral 132.
It can be seen that it has an upper shaping or neck forming portion, generally indicated in FIG. The lower container lifting portion 130 comprises an outer cylindrical member or sleeve 140, which has a generally circular opening 142. A ram or piston 144 reciprocates within this opening 142. The lower end of the ram 144 has a cam follower 146 (Fig. 2), which follows the cam 148 supported by the lower frame member 52. The upper end of the ram 144 is a container base 150 which, in cooperation with the sleeve 140, has the reference numeral 154.
The fluid centering mechanism generally shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper neck forming portion 132 comprises a single neck fixture having a fixed neck forming die element 160, said die element 160 being provided by a threaded cap 164. It is fixed to the hollow cartridge 166. The cartridge 166 has an opening 168 in which a plunger 170 is reciprocally mounted. The lower end of the plunger 170 has an embossing punch or internal shaping member 172.
Is supported.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end of the plunger 170 is
The cam follower 180 is rotatably supported.
The upper cam 182 is constantly engaged and a plot of this is shown at 240 in FIG.

Container Pressurization Mechanism According to one aspect of the invention, the neck forming apparatus of the present invention provides a unique container for automatically and completely pressurizing the container prior to substantial metal deformation in the neck forming operation. A pressurizing means is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the annular sleeve 162 has a large groove 200 and an associated sleeve 202 which cooperate to define an annular chamber 204. The annular chamber 204 has a conduit 206
Through a supply chamber 208 formed in the hub means 110 of the turret assembly 70.

The annular upper edge of the neck forming die 160 cooperates with the upper peripheral edge of the embossing punch 172 to define the annular valve means 210. The annular valve means, as shown in FIG. 4, includes a horizontal upper edge 212 of the neck forming die 160, which is elastically received in an annular groove 216 provided in the upper edge of the embossing punch 172. Cooperates with gasket 214. The embossing punch 172 is a channel
There is one or more 218 so that the interior of the neck forming die is in communication with the open end of the container when the valve forming means 210 is opened. Thus, when the elements 212 and 214 are in the position shown in FIG. 4, the valve means 210 closes to seal the chamber 204 and prevent fluid from flowing into the flow path 218.

The operating sequence of the container pressurizing means may best be understood by describing FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
In the first position shown in FIG. 4, the container C is in its lowest position relative to the neck forming die 160 and is remote from the die 160. On the other hand, the valve means 210 is closed, and the annular chamber 204 is pressurized with a predetermined amount of air kept at a predetermined pressure.
The pressure is sufficient to establish a predetermined pressure in the container when it is fed from the inside into the container C. Next, the platform 150
A properly shaped cam 14 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 13.
It is lifted by 8 and moved upwards a sufficient distance to engage the container with the tapered lower end of the neck forming die 160 and move toward the position shown on the left side of FIG. After the top edge of the container has passed the tapered portion of the neck forming die 160, the embossing punch is
It is moved upward a short distance to open the valve means 210 in the position shown on the left side of the figure. After all this is done, the metal around the open upper end of the container C is significantly deformed. During this time, an air seal is formed on the inner surface of the neck forming die 160 and the outer surface of the container C. Since the pressurized air fluid holding chamber 204 is annular, all of the fluid quickly rushes into the container to fully pressurize the container during the first operation before substantial metal deformation occurs.

In practice, this pressure must be sufficient to provide adequate column strength for the thin sidewalls of the container. At present wall thicknesses, pressures of about 0.7 to 1.26 Kg / cm ² (10 to 18 psi) are sufficient for rapid necking operations.

When the container and embossing punch are in the position shown in the left part of FIG. 5, both the embossing punch and the container are generally moved upwards to the position shown in the right part of FIG.
Here, the neck forming work is started. At this time, the container is fully pressurized and the thin wall of the container is able to withstand such a large axial load during the actual neck forming operation. More specifically, the container reaches its maximum pressure before a substantial column load occurs on the sidewall.

The container and punch are then moved, generally as a unit, from the position shown in the right part of FIG. 5 to the position of the left part of FIG. 6, where the neck in the first stage is The attached container is completed. The container and embossing punch are then moved in the opposite direction from the position shown in the left part of FIG. 6 to the position shown in its right part and the container is removed from the necking die. Thus, the container is kept under pressure throughout this working stage until it is actually removed from the embossing punch by any suitable means such as pressurized air. The relative movement of the punch and the container will be described in detail when the cam configuration between the table and the embossing punch is described below.

After the first neck forming operation is completed, the container is transferred by the transfer wheel 26 (FIG. 1) to the next module, where the second neck forming operation is performed and the container shown in FIG. It becomes a container with a heavy neck. This double necked container is then transferred to the third necking module 32 by the transfer wheels 30, 34 and 36 which are part of the drive module.
And a third neck is formed as shown in FIG. The sequence of container wall deformation and flange formation is the first
It is shown in Figure 15.

The triple necked container is then fed by the transfer wheel 38 to the flanging module 40 where the outwardly facing flange is formed into the final container shown in FIG.

CAM STRUCTURE AND SHAPE As mentioned above, the cam 148 is required for proper functioning of the unit so that the container is not distorted during the neck forming operation.
The shape and structure of 182 and 182 are important. As can be seen, both cams 148 and 182 are attached to each neck forming station 72.
Has an exposed surface that extends around the entire circumference of the circular path and is configured to provide the desired movement of the container and / or embossing punch during each cycle or rotation.

According to one feature of the invention, the cams 148 and 182 are configured such that the movement of the container and punch pulls the metal at the open upper end of the container C toward the die and / or around the embossing punch during the neck forming operation. It is shaped to be stretched. This operation reduces the shaping load on the thin wall of the container and prevents the side wall from collapsing during shaping. FIG. 13 shows the movement of the embossing punch during the first neck forming operation.
4 is a graph represented by the curve generally indicated by reference numeral 240.

Also, as is apparent from the graph of FIG. 13, all necking operations are performed during the approximately 100 ° arcuate motion span of the turret along the circular path. In addition, the curve 242 is shown in FIG.
As indicated by, the container begins to move upwards immediately after the 0 ° point on the graph to about the 50 ° point on the turret along a ramp with a substantially constant slope. On the other hand, as can be seen from the curve 240 representing the movement of the internal orthopedic appliance 172, the punch 172 is used during the first about 15 ° of its rotational movement.
Does not make any vertical movement, so that the upper edge of the container just past the tapered portion of the necking die 160, as shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. The valve means 210 is held in the closed position until the upper edge of the container is in a position to form an air seal therebetween.

At a point of about 15 °, the embossing punch 172 is moved slightly upward at a rate substantially lower than the rate of movement of the container at this point to open the valve means 210 and before further deformation. Fully pressurize the container. Note that at a rotation point of about 29 °, the lift of the punch is equal to or slightly greater than the lift movement of the container, so the punch moves upwards at a slightly faster rate than the container. In other words, the velocity of the embossing punch (V1) is greater than the velocity of the container wall (V2). The required pressure can be reduced by the difference between these speeds. This is because the metal on the side wall is stretched and the side wall of the container is pulled upward. Thereby, the part of the container which is now being deformed is not actually shaped inward during this neck forming operation, but is actually due to the relative upward movement of the embossing punch relative to the upper end of the container. Pulled towards.
This reduces the risk of the sidewalls collapsing and other imperfections. This constitutes the neck forming station.

Upon completion of the neck forming operation, the embossing punch moves towards the container to a position where the container approaches but does not contact, during which the container is in dwell time. The container and punch then both move at the same rate, which is maintained until the container is removed from the die. During this removal, the pressurized air in the container pushes the container from the embossing punch against the platform until the container is disengaged from the embossing punch.

In accordance with one important feature of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, at least the lower cam 148 (second section) which describes a 360 ° circular pattern for each neck forming station 72.
The figure) has a small section that can be easily removed and quickly replaced to perform different configurations of neck forming operations on a given neck forming device. As an example (though not limited to this), in particular
Referring to FIG. 13, the 360 ° cam 148 has a section encompassing about 110 ° of turret rotation, which section is a single securing means 149 (first section) for easy removal and replacement. (Fig. 2). Thus, as described in more detail below, if a different neck shape is desired at the top of the container, the securing means 149 is removed and the cam section is
It only needs to be replaced with a cam section of the desired shape, which is not a neck forming operation, but a pause for that section. Also, because the section is removable and is held by several screws,
The cam can be removed and replaced in a matter of minutes, which minimizes the time required to change from one cam shape to another.

Referring to FIG. 14, all neck formation occurs during about one-third of the rotation cycle, another one-third is the rest time during which chamber pressurization is performed, and yet another Loading and unloading takes place during 1/3.

Figure 13 shows the cam profile for all modules based on the required neck profile. Therefore, the cam 242
Is used for all three modules when a triple neck configuration is desired and the cam 244 is used for two of the three modules when a double neck formation is performed (the third module is The dwell cam is used) and the cam 246 is used for one of the three modules in the single neck formation mode (the rest two modules are used for the cam). .

FIG. 16 shows by way of example the cams required for each module for each combination of necks desired for the container. Therefore, when the neck shape of the container is selected, the cams required for it are listed. As is apparent from FIG. 17, many necked containers of various body diameters can be manufactured without changing the instrumentation of the module. For example, the 16th
Referring to the top row of the figure, the 211 diameter cam (2 11/1
To form a single neck at 6 "), a 211-209 single neck cam is installed in the first module and rest cams are installed in the second and third modules. Meanwhile, 207.
If it is desired to form a single neck with a 5 diameter cam (2 15/32 "), a rest cam is attached to the first and second modules, and a single neck cam to the third module. In this example, the single neck cam used for the third module is actually the same as that used for the first module to form the single neck with the 211 cam. Each dormant cam, double neck cam and triple neck cam can be replaced.

The actual cam replacement can be done in minutes and the production line cam replacement time can be minimized. The time is further reduced by using a quick release fastener 149.

Lubrication, Pressurization and Centering Means According to yet another feature of the invention, the neck and flanging device of the invention maintains all the parts in axial alignment with one another while at the same time keeping the cam follower on its associated cam. A new and unique lubrication, pressurization and pressurization that maintains engagement and yet eliminates the second set of cam followers previously required to properly move the cam followers relative to the cams. It has a centering mechanism. The lubrication and self-centering means will be described with reference to FIG. 10 together with the lower base assembly described above.

In particular, referring to FIG. 10, the circular opening 142 for the cylindrical member or cylinder 144 has a small diameter portion 310 at its upper end and a slightly larger portion 312 at its lower end. An annular recess 314 is arranged at the lower end of the small diameter portion 310. Gasket seal 31 in this annular recess
6 are arranged to divide the small diameter portion 310 into one chamber and the large portion 312 into the second chamber. Further suitable seals 320 and 322 are located at the upper and lower ends of the opening 142, respectively, to engage the piston 144 and thus the opening is divided into two chamber sections.

Pressurized air is delivered to the valve mechanism 330 at the top of the turret 70 from a suitable source, which mechanism includes a shaft 74
And has a fixed part and a rotating part. Therefore, the pressurized air is sent to the plurality of conduits 334 as many as the number of stations of the turret 70 through the annular chamber 332. The lower end of the conduit 334 is connected to an opening 336 extending through the lower hub means 112, and the small diameter portion 31 of the opening 142.
It communicates with 0. Similarly, piston or plunger 1
The 44 has a slightly smaller diameter section 340 which has an upper chamber 310
Define a shoulder to be placed on.

The rotary valve 330 also controls hydraulic fluid flowing through an axial opening 343 aligned in the center of the hollow shaft 74, which opening communicates with a conduit 344, which conduit is located in the lower hub means 112 of the turret. Opened 3
Supply hydraulic fluid to 46. The opening 346 communicates with a small annular chamber defined between the outer surface of the plunger or piston 144 and the large opening 312.

In the configuration described above, when the pressurized air is continuously supplied through the conduit 334, the downward force is continuously applied to the shoulder portion 342, and the cam followers 146 and 148 do not depend on the position of the turret with respect to the cam. In the meantime, constant contact is maintained. Similarly, the continuous flow of pressurized air fluid through conduit 334 and opening 336 forms a centering means for centering piston or plunger 144 relative to its outer cylinder 140. In this regard, the continuous flow of pressurized hydraulic fluid through conduit 344 and opening 346 results in piston 1
A continuous centering action is provided between the lower end of 44 and the cylinder 140. The air fluid centering means also acts as an air spring to absorb the impact of the downward movement end of the container. In other words, the pressurized hydraulic fluid and the pneumatic fluid form a pressure jacket around the piston and are not subject to mechanical alignment.

The same lubrication system used as a self-centering mechanism for the upper and lower pistons could similarly be used as an automatic lubrication means for the various parts of the system. For example, an annular opening 350 can be provided in the plunger or piston 144 to communicate with a small annular chamber formed by the large portion 312 of the opening 142 to provide a continuous flow of lubrication to the cam follower and cam.

Flanging Assemblies Flanging assemblies or units 40 can take a number of different forms but have the same basic frame structure that allows them to replace the other frame structures of the assembly shown in FIG. The type having is preferred. The flanging assembly does not form a part of the present invention, and thus the particular flanging assembly will not be described in detail. However, for illustrative purposes, a flanging assembly referred to as model 760 Necker-Necker-Flanger can be readily incorporated into the neck and flanging assembly of the present invention.

Another Basic Device Since the device is modular, it can be configured to produce containers with a single neck-in part, double neck-in part or triple neck-in part. it can.

11 and 12 show the flexibility of the device of the present invention, which is composed of modules of substantially the same structure having a single drive means as a power source for the entire device. To be done.

Comparing FIG. 11 with FIG. 1, the apparatus shown in plan view in FIG. 1 is designed to produce a container having a flange and a triple neck with a single drive means 44. .
The entire system of modules can be reconfigured to perform a single neck forming and flanging operation as shown in FIG. For example, but not limited to, 2
The apparatus is first configured to produce a single neck container using two modules, with the drive unit 44 disposed between the modules, the first module being the neck forming module 28 and the second module being the flanging module 40. Can be configured. In such operation, a single neck container can be readily formed using two modules constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

Where additional capital investment can be saved by establishing economic conditions, another alternative similar to the first module 28 except for the shape of the cam, so that a double necked container can be formed with the same basic equipment. By purchasing the module 24, the single neck former shown in FIG. 12 can be easily converted to the double neck former shown in FIG. If at some point it is required to manufacture a single necked container for a short period of time, the module 24 shown in FIG. It can be changed to the manufacture of a necked container. Similarly, the triple necked container manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 always requires a single cam section of each module to be replaced, and within a few minutes, a single necked container manufacturing operation can be performed. It can be modified for heavy neck container manufacturing operations or triple neck container manufacturing operations.

While the invention has been described above with respect to single, double, and triple neck formations, the principles of the invention disclosed herein are:
It will be appreciated that it can be easily expanded to perform more than five size reductions or reshapings.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a neck and flanging device incorporating the modular features of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing two necking stations on one module shown in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of one neck forming station, FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the neck forming die assembly, and FIG. 5 shows the stages when the container is moved to the neck forming die. A view similar to FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing a container with a neck formed, and FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the container after the second neck forming operation. FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing the container after the third neck forming operation, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the completed container having triple necks and flanges, and FIG. , For a container support member at a station FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial sectional view showing a ring mechanism, FIG. 11 is a view showing a neck and flange forming device for forming a double neck and a flange on a container, and FIG. 12 is forming a single neck and a flange on the container. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a neck and flange forming device for the purpose, FIG. 13 is a graph plotting movements of a container supporting member and an internal shaping device, and FIG. 14 is performed during movement of the container around the functional region of the neck forming turret. Figure 15 is a schematic showing the function, Figure 15a-h shows the steps of forming a container with triple neck and flange, Figure 16 shows the flexibility of the idea of the module, and Figure 17 shows FIG. 6 is a diagram showing three neck forming operations performed on the upper end of the container. 20 …… Container supply device 22 …… First transfer wheel 24 …… First neck forming module 26 …… Second transfer wheel 28 …… Second neck forming module 30 …… Third transfer wheel 32 …… Third Neck forming module 34, 36, 38 …… Transfer wheel 40 …… Flange forming module 42 …… Transfer wheel 44 …… Single drive means 46 …… Transmission 48,49 …… Guide element 50 …… Framework, 54 …… Frame 56 …… Pillar 70 …… Rotary turret assembly 74 …… Lower turret 76 …… Upper turret 84 …… Bearing means 86 …… Wedge mechanism 130 …… Lower container lifting part 132 …… Upper shaping or neck forming part 140 …… Sleeve, 144 …… Piston 146 …… Cam follower 150 …… Container stand 154 …… Centering mechanism 160 …… Neck forming die element 166 …… Cartridge 170 …… Plunger 172… Stamping punch 180 ...... cam follower 210 ...... valve means

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A movable member reciprocates in the opening, comprising a fixed member having a through opening and a neck forming member aligned and spaced from the fixed member, and a cam follower is provided at one end of the movable member. An apparatus for deforming a container, characterized in that there is a cam spaced from the fixing member and there is pressurized fluid means in the opening for maintaining the cam follower in engagement with the cam. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized fluid maintains the movable member at the center of the opening. 3. The opening is circular and elongated, and the pressurized fluid includes pressurized air fluid near one end of the opening and pressurized hydraulic fluid near the opposite end of the opening. A device as claimed in claim 2. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the opening extends vertically, and the movable member has a support at an upper end for supporting the container. 5. An apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising communication means between the pressurized hydraulic fluid and the cam follower so as to automatically lubricate the cam follower with the hydraulic fluid. 6. The neck forming member is a neck forming die having a cylinder extending from the neck forming die, the movable member having a punch at one end and a cam follower at the opposite end. A ram for reciprocating movement in the opening, and a cam aligned with the cam follower, wherein the pressurized fluid means maintains the cam follower in engagement with the cam in the cylinder. An apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the ram is maintained centrally within the cylinder. 7. The pressurized fluid means includes pressurized air fluid, the movable member includes a container base for moving the container toward the neck forming die, and further, the container is substantially deformed. 7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 comprising means for pressurizing the container prior to activation. 8. The means for pressurizing the container comprises a pressurized fluid supply source and an annular chamber surrounding the punch, wherein the punch is configured such that the annular chamber is defined as the container by the movement of the punch. 8. The apparatus of claim 7 defining an annular valve in communication with the neck forming die. 9. An apparatus for forming a neck at an open end of a metal container, comprising a support and a turret rotatable with respect to the support, wherein a plurality of substantially identical turrets are provided around the turret. The neck forming stations are spaced apart and each neck forming station comprises: a) an annular neck forming die provided on the turret; b) an embossing punch capable of reciprocating movement in the neck forming die; and c). Means for reciprocating the punch in the neck forming die, including a first cam follower; d) a base aligned and spaced from the neck forming die; and e) including a second cam follower, Means for moving the platform towards and away from the neck forming die, the support being engaged by all of the first cam followers. A first cam and a second cam having at least one removable and replaceable section for varying the extent of movement of the platform, the first cam follower engaging the first cam. A neck forming device further comprising pressurized air fluid means for maintaining the integrity. 10. The means for reciprocating the punch in the neck forming die comprises piston and cylinder means, the pressurized air fluid means maintaining the piston centered within the cylinder. The neck forming device according to item 9. 11. Each means for moving the platform comprises a second cylinder and piston means, the pressurized air fluid maintaining and associated with the second piston centered within the cylinder. 11. The neck forming device according to claim 10, wherein the second cam follower is maintained in an engaged state with the second cam. 12. The neck of claim 11 further comprising pressurized hydraulic fluid means for cooperating with the pressurized air fluid means to maintain the piston centered within the cylinder. Forming equipment. 13. Each neck forming station comprises container pressurizing means comprised of a chamber surrounding the punch such that a valve means is defined between the punch and the opening of the neck forming die. 10. The neck forming apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the chamber is in communication with an open area of the neck forming die during an initial movement of the punch relative to the neck forming die. 14. The neck forming apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising means for sequentially pressurizing each chamber, wherein the chamber serves as a holding chamber before the first movement of the punch. . 15. The first and second cams cause the platform to initially move the container to engage the neck forming die, move the punch to open the valve means, and 10. The neck forming device of claim 9, wherein the punch is configured to move at a slightly faster speed than the container to stretch the metal around the open end.