JPH0684810B2 - Incineration ash melting treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incineration ash melting apparatus for reducing the volume of waste incineration ash discharged from, for example, a refuse incinerator by heating and solidifying it by a burner.

2. Description of the Related Art A burner-type melting treatment apparatus that melts and solidifies incineration ash discharged from a refuse incinerator to reduce its volume and renders it harmless is conventionally used, for example, as shown in FIG.
The incineration ash A that has been put into the upstream side of the melting chamber 101 is sent to the downstream side by the pusher device 103, and the incineration ash A is transferred to the lower wall of the melting chamber 101 by the melting burner 104, for example, at 1300 ° C.
The molten slag B is heated and melted as described above, and the molten slag B is sent together with the combustion exhaust gas D from the discharge port 105 to the slag cooling chamber 106 and solidified. At this time, the combustion exhaust gas D flowing into the slag cooling chamber 106 is introduced into the air preheater 107 via the exhaust gas pipe 108 to heat the combustion air C supplied to the melting burner 104, and then discharged into the atmosphere. It had been.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention According to the above conventional configuration, for example, waste incineration ash discharged from a city is heated to about 1300 ° C. or higher and melted, but the exhaust heat of the combustion exhaust gas D from the molten burner 104 is The air preheater 107 was used only for heating the combustion air C of the melting burner 104 and was extremely wasteful.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an incineration ash melting treatment apparatus that can recover and effectively use exhaust heat of combustion exhaust gas D and can significantly reduce running cost.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the first invention comprises a melting burner in a melting chamber of a melting furnace, the incinerator ash is melted by the melting burner, and the molten slag is discharged to a slag cooling chamber. In the incineration ash melting treatment device, which is equipped with a cyclone type ash preheater that is connected to the ash input port in the upper part of the melting chamber to attract combustion exhaust gas and preheat the incinerator ash in a swirling floating state by the combustion exhaust gas. is there.

A second aspect of the present invention is an incineration ash melting treatment apparatus that includes a melting burner in a melting chamber of a melting furnace and that melts incineration ash by the melting burner and discharges molten slag to a slag cooling chamber.
Combustion exhaust gas is attracted by being connected to the ash inlet at the top of the melting chamber, and the incineration ash supplied is preheated by the combustion exhaust gas in a swirling floating state. The ash preheater close to the room is connected with an additional air blowing pipe for blowing secondary combustion air in a tangential direction.

Furthermore, a third aspect of the present invention is an incineration ash melting treatment apparatus for equipping a melting chamber of a melting furnace with a melting burner, which melts incineration ash and discharges the molten slag into a slag cooling chamber. An ash preheater that is connected to the mouth to attract combustion exhaust gas is provided, and an additional air blowing pipe that blows secondary combustion air in the tangential direction is connected to this ash preheater, and the squeezing member of this additional air blowing pipe is incinerated. It is connected to the ash supply pipe.

Effect According to the configuration of the first invention, since the incineration ash is brought into contact with the counterflow of the combustion exhaust gas in a swirling floating state in the cyclone type ash preheater, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is effectively transferred to the incineration ash. As a result, the amount of heating by the melting burner can be reduced, and the running cost can be greatly reduced.

In the configuration of the second aspect of the invention, the NOx generation amount is suppressed by burning the molten burner in the melting chamber in an air-deficient state, the combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the ash preheater, and additional air is added in the first ash preheater. By blowing the secondary combustion air as a swirling flow from the suction pipe to completely burn the combustible components in the combustion exhaust gas (secondary combustion), it is possible to prevent burnout of equipment on the downstream side and atmospheric pollution. Furthermore, since the combustion flue gas is contacted while the incineration ash is swirling and suspended by the ash preheater of a plurality of stages, the incineration ash can be preheated more effectively.

Furthermore, in the configuration of the third aspect of the invention, the NOx generation amount is suppressed by burning the molten burner in the melting chamber in an air-deficient state, and this combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the ash preheater. on the other hand,
The incineration ash is supplied from the supply pipe to the throttle member of the additional air blow pipe, and the ejector effect of the throttle member effectively mixes and disperses the incineration ash in the secondary combustion air to perform initial preheating and together with the secondary combustion air. It is supplied as a swirl flow into the ash preheater. Then, the swirling flow rapidly mixes the secondary combustion air and the combustion exhaust gas, completely combusts the combustible components in the combustion exhaust gas, and further effectively preheats the combustion ash.

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a molten slag B obtained by heating and melting, for example, refuse incineration ash A by a melting burner 2 provided on the upper slanted wall 1a of the melting chamber 3.
In the melting furnace for forming the slag, a slag cooling chamber 5 is arranged below the slag outlet 4 formed in the bottom wall 1b of the melting chamber 3.

The ash inlet 6 at the top of the melting furnace 1 has a cyclone type first
An ash hopper 9 for supplying incinerated ash A through a preheater (secondary combustion chamber) 7 and a second preheater 8 is provided. The first preheater 7 is a cyclone type preheater in which a first additional air (OFA) (secondary combustion air) E ₁ is blown in a tangential direction at a high speed to form a swirl flow, and a second preheater The vessel 8 is a cyclone type preheater in which the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ accompanied with the incinerated ash A is blown in the tangential direction at a high speed to form a swirling flow. That is, the first preheater 7 having the funnel-shaped lower end connected to the ash charging port 6 has the first exhaust gas pipe 11 at the center of the ceiling wall.
Is introduced and the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ which occupies most of the combustion exhaust gas from the melting chamber 3 is introduced so as to rise in the central portion, and the first additional air blowing pipe 12 is tangentially provided on the upper side wall. The first additional air E ₁ is blown into the first preheater 7 as a swirling flow at high speed to burn combustible components in the first flue gas D ₁ . The first ash supply pipe is provided in the middle portion of the side wall 7a.
13 is connected and incineration ash A is thrown into the swirling flow.

The first exhaust gas pipe 11 is provided with a feeder to the ash hopper 9 in the middle part.
The second ash supply pipe 15 connected via 14 is connected, and the tip is tangentially connected to the upper part of the side wall of the second preheater 8. In the second preheater 8, the second exhaust gas pipe 16 is connected to the central portion of the ceiling wall, and the first ash supply pipe 13 is connected to the funnel-shaped lower end portion, so that the incinerated ash A from the ash hopper 9 is 1 flue gas by accompanying the D ₁ supplied as swirling flow in the second preheater 8, separated from the first flue gas D ₁ is heated from the incineration ash a into the pivoting float, the first ash supply pipe 13 It is supplied to the first preheater 7.

The second flue gas D ₂ which is a part of the flue gas is introduced into the slag cooling chamber 5 together with the molten slag B from the slag outlet 4 to prevent clogging trouble of the molten slag B into the slag outlet 4. Second flue gas in the slag cooling chamber 5
To burn combustible components in the D _2, the second additional air (OF
A) A second additional air blowing pipe 17 for supplying E ₂ is connected, and a slag exhaust gas pipe 18 for discharging the second combustion exhaust gas D ₂ is connected.

The second exhaust gas pipe 16 and the slag exhaust gas pipe 18 are main exhaust gas pipes.
The first and second combustion exhaust gases D ₁ , D ₂ are connected by the exhaust gas adjustment dampers 19A, 19B connected to the front side of the confluence 20.
Is controlled. Then, the main exhaust gas pipe 20 is introduced into the air preheater 21 and then discharged into the atmosphere. On the other hand, the air supply pipe 23 connected to the air fan 22 is connected to the air preheater 21 to preheat the combustion air C, and then the primary air pipe 24 connected to the melting burner 2 and the second additional air blowing Tube 17 and first
It is branched to the additional air blowing pipe 12.

25A is installed in the primary air pipe 24 before the melting burner 2
The next air adjusting damper, 25B is an additional air adjusting damper arranged in the first additional air blowing pipe 12, and 25C is an additional air adjusting damper arranged in the second additional air blowing pipe 17.

In the above configuration, the incinerated ash A supplied from the ash hopper 9 to the first exhaust gas pipe 11 by the feeder 14 via the second ash supply pipe 15 is the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ discharged from the first preheater 7.
And is tangentially supplied to the second preheater 8 at high speed. In the second preheater 8, the incinerated ash A and the first flue gas D ₁ are gradually separated while performing heat exchange in a vigorous swirling flow, collected in the first ash supply pipe 13, and transferred from the first ash supply pipe 13 to the first ash supply pipe 13. 1 is supplied to the preheater 7. In the first preheater 7, the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ which has been burned in the melting chamber 3 from the melting burner 2 in an air-deficient state of less than the theoretical air amount and whose NOx generation amount has been suppressed is the ash charging port 6 The first additional air E ₁ is blown as a swirling flow from the first additional air blowing pipe 12 and is vigorously swirling mixed, and the combustible components in the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ are completely burned (secondary combustion). Has been done. The incineration ash A supplied into this swirling flow is swirling mixed to produce the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁
Is further heated by the exhaust heat and the heat of secondary combustion and is supplied to the melting chamber 3 through the ash charging port 6 below. In the melting chamber 3, the incineration ash A is heated by the melting burner 2 to become the molten slag B, and the slag outlet 4 together with the second combustion exhaust gas D _2.
Is discharged into the slag cooling chamber 5. In the slag cooling chamber 5, the second additional air E ₂ is supplied from the second additional air blowing pipe 17, the combustible components in the second flue gas D ₂ are completely burned, and the slag flue gas pipe 18 discharges the combustible components. The molten slag B is cooled and solidified and then discharged.

According to the first embodiment described above, the incineration ash A is brought into countercurrent contact with the first combustion exhaust gas D _{1 in the first} and second preheaters 7 and 8, and the incinerator ash A is brought into contact with the first flue gas A in a floating swirl state. Since the heat is exchanged, the heat transfer coefficient is large and the thermal efficiency can be greatly improved, and the fuel of the molten burner 2 can be greatly reduced. Also, the melting chamber 3
Since the melting burner 2 is burnt in the state of insufficient air,
x The amount of generation can be greatly suppressed. Further, the primary additional air E ₁ is rapidly mixed in the first preheater 7 to completely combust the combustible components in the first flue gas D ₁ and the secondary additional air E ₂ is supplied in the slag cooling chamber 5. Since the combustible components in the second flue gas D ₂ are completely burned, the air preheater 21 is burned out,
It does not pollute the atmosphere. Furthermore, molten slag B
Is discharged together with the second combustion exhaust gas D ₂ from the slag outlet 4 to the slag cooling chamber 5, so that the clogging trouble of the slag outlet 4 due to the molten slag B can be prevented.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

This is a third preheater of the same type as the second preheater 8 between the second preheater 8 and the ash hopper 9 in addition to the first and second preheaters 7, 8.
31 is installed, and the incinerator ash A preheater has three stages in total.

That is, the second ash supply pipe 15 that communicates with the first exhaust gas pipe 11.
Is connected to the funnel-shaped lower end of the third preheater 31, and the second exhaust gas pipe 16 is tangentially connected to the upper side wall of the third preheater 31. A third exhaust gas pipe 32 communicating with the main exhaust gas pipe 20 is connected to the central portion of the top wall of the third preheater 31, and an ash hopper 33 and a feeder 34 are provided at an intermediate portion of the second exhaust gas pipe 16. The connected third ash supply pipe 35 is connected.

According to the above-mentioned configuration, the incinerated ash A, which is fed from the ash hopper 33 into the second exhaust gas pipe 16 by the feeder 34 through the third ash supply pipe 35, is entrained in the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ and is subjected to the third preheating. Bowl 31
It is supplied as a high-speed swirling flow into and is heated during swirling. The incinerated ash A separated from the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ is supplied to the first exhaust gas pipe 11 from the second ash supply pipe 15.
It is supplied with the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ into the second preheater 8 and is supplied to the first preheater 7 after preheating. Like this,
The second and first preheaters 31, 8, and 7 are preheated by the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ and the secondary combustion heat during the swirling and floating respectively in three stages, so the thermal efficiency can be greatly improved and the running cost can be reduced. Significant reduction can be expected.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In this third embodiment, a venturi mixer (or an ejector type mixing device) in which an ash supply pipe 43 for supplying incinerated ash A from an ash hopper 41 via a feeder 42 is interposed in a first additional air blowing pipe 12 ( Throttle member) 44, the first exhaust gas pipe 11 from the first preheater (secondary combustion chamber) 7 is connected to the cyclone type dust collector 46, and the duct of the collected ash F from the dust collector 46 is connected. The return pipe 47 is connected to the melting chamber 3.

In the above configuration, the incineration ash A supplied from the ash hopper 41 to the venturi mixer 44 by the feeder 42 via the ash supply pipe 43 is generated by the ejector effect of the high-speed flow of the first additional air (secondary combustion air) E ₁ . The first additional air E ₁ which is mixed and diffused in the air stream and heated by the air preheater 21
Initially preheated by. Then, this incinerated ash A is supplied as a high-speed swirling flow from the first additional air blowing pipe 12 to the first preheater 7 along with the first additional air E ₁ . The first flue gas D ₁ which occupies most of the flue gas of the molten burner 2 in which the NOx generation amount is suppressed by being burned in the melting chamber 3 in an air-deficient state below the theoretical air ratio, is 1 preheater 7
The first swirl flow of the additional air E ₁ is mixed at high speed, and the combustible components in the first combustion exhaust gas D ₁ are completely combusted (secondary combustion). The incineration ash A in the floating pivot by a first flue gas D ₁ of the high temperature is secondary heating, is supplied is separated from the first flue gas D ₁ after heating to the melting chamber 3 from the ash charging port 6. In addition, the first exhaust gas pipe is entrained in the first combustion exhaust gas D _1.
The incinerated ash A discharged in 11 is introduced into the dust collector 46, and the first
The combustion exhaust gas D ₁ is separated during the swirling and is recovered from the duct return pipe 47 into the melting chamber 3.

According to the third embodiment described above, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the incineration ash A is added to the venturi mixer of the first additional air pipe 12.
Since it is supplied to 44, the incinerated ash A can be effectively mixed and dispersed by the ejector effect, the heat transfer effect can be further improved, and the first additional air E ₁ can be preheated initially, so that the thermal efficiency can be further improved. Can be improved.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, the combustion exhaust gas is attracted to the cyclone type ash preheater and countercurrently brought into contact with the incinerated ash that is swirling and floating to preheat it, so that the incinerated ash is effectively preheated. Therefore, the thermal efficiency can be improved, the amount of heat supplied to the melting burner can be reduced, and the running cost can be greatly reduced.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, the NOx generation amount is suppressed by burning the molten burner in the melting chamber in an air-deficient state, and the secondary combustion air is swirled by the first ash preheater introducing this combustion exhaust gas. The ash preheater can further preheat the incinerated ash after preheating it by mixing it rapidly as a stream to completely burn the combustible components in the flue gas, and can suppress the NOx generation amount and combustible gas in the flue gas. It is possible to prevent waste from being discharged and prevent burnout of equipment on the downstream side and air pollution. Furthermore, since the incineration ash is brought into contact with the incinerator exhaust gas while swirling and floating over a plurality of stages, the incineration ash can be effectively preheated, and the thermal efficiency can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, according to the third embodiment, by supplying the incineration ash to the throttle member of the additional air blowing pipe, the ash can be effectively mixed and dispersed in the secondary combustion air due to the ejector effect, and the heat of the secondary combustion air can be heated. The initial preheating can be performed by. Further, this incinerated ash is blown into the ash preheater together with the secondary combustion air as a swirl flow, so that it is rapidly mixed with the combustion exhaust gas to completely burn combustible components in the combustion exhaust gas.
It is possible to effectively preheat the incineration ash that is being swirled and suspended.
x It is possible to suppress the generation amount and prevent the discharge of combustible components. Therefore, the amount of heat supplied from the melting burner can be reduced, the running cost can be significantly reduced, and the air pollution due to the exhaust gas discharged can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a melt processing apparatus of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the second embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the third embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional melt processing apparatus. A ... ash, B ... molten slag, D ₁ ... first flue gas, D ₂
... second flue gas, E ₁ ... first additional air (secondary combustion air), E ₂ ... second additional air, 1 ... melting furnace, 2 ... melt burner, 3 ... melter, 5 ... slag cooling chamber, 6 ... Ash charging port, 7
... first preheater, 8 ... second preheater, 9 ... ash hopper, 11 ... first exhaust gas pipe, 12 ... first additional air blowing pipe, 13 ... first ash supply pipe, 15 ... second ash supply pipe, 16 ... 2nd exhaust gas pipe, 31 ... 3rd preheater, 33 ... Ash hopper, 35 ... 3rd ash supply pipe, 41 ... Ash hopper, 43 ... Ash supply pipe, 44 ... Venturi mixer, 46 ... Dust collector.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Shimotani 1-6-14 Edobori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Tadashi Kono 1-6-14 Edobori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Within Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An incinerator ash melting treatment apparatus in which a melting burner of a melting furnace is equipped with a melting burner, the incineration ash is melted by the melting burner, and the molten slag is discharged to a slag cooling chamber, to an ash charging port at the upper part of the melting chamber. An incinerator ash melting treatment apparatus comprising a cyclone type ash preheater which is connected to attract combustion exhaust gas and preheats the incineration ash in a swirling floating state by the combustion exhaust gas. 2. An incinerator ash melting treatment apparatus, comprising: a melting burner provided in a melting chamber of a melting furnace for melting incinerator ash by the melting burner; and discharging the molten slag to a slag cooling chamber. Along with being connected and attracting combustion exhaust gas, a plurality of cyclone type ash preheaters, in which the incineration ash supplied is preheated by the combustion exhaust gas in a swirling floating state, are arranged in the ash preheater closest to the melting chamber, An incinerator ash melting treatment apparatus, characterized in that an additional air blowing pipe for blowing in secondary combustion air in a tangential direction is connected. 3. An incinerator ash melting treatment apparatus, comprising a melting burner in a melting chamber of a melting furnace, which melts incinerated ash by the melting burner and discharges the molten slag to a slag cooling chamber, at an ash charging port at an upper portion of the melting chamber. An ash preheater that is connected to attract combustion exhaust gas is provided, and an additional air blowing pipe that blows secondary combustion air in the tangential direction is connected to this ash preheater, and incinerator ash is supplied to the throttle member of this additional air blowing pipe. An incinerator ash melting treatment device characterized by connecting pipes.