JPH0684601B2 - Water-permeable tile, block pavement - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water-permeable tile, a tile and a technique for improving workability and durability in paving with a block.

<Prior art> In recent years, even in Japan, it has become possible to create familiar roads and create roads with a sense of moisture, and the importance of road landscapes has increased.
There are many pavements such as tiles and blocks in open spaces. In addition, those tiles and blocks should be water permeable in consideration of water splash prevention during walking, sewer by underground return of rainwater, low load area of river, nourishment of groundwater, cultivation of street trees, etc. It has come to be used.

Taking conventional construction of permeable tiles as an example, a roadbed is constructed on the roadbed by using granular materials such as Krassiaran, a water-permeable mortar using cement as a binder is placed on the roadbed, and the tiles are attached. Cement mortar for use is drawn, dotted, and permeable tiles are attached.

As another conventional method, a permeable tile is laid directly on the sand. The so-called sandblast construction method is also used.

In addition, in the usual tile and block construction examples, the method of placing cement concrete on the roadbed and curing it, then laying the cement mortar and then pasting the tile and block, and the sanding construction method described above are performed. ing.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the conventional methods described above have problems in workability, durability, and the like. First, when a water-permeable mortar is used in the construction of the water-permeable tile, firstly, sufficient tile adhesive strength cannot be obtained and the water-permeable tile is easily peeled off. Mortar tends to cause peeling of tiles due to curing shrinkage and lack of adhesive strength. Secondly, in addition to the time required for the mortar to harden, in addition to the two layers of permeable mortar and mortar for tile application, the mortar requires a long time to be cured. A construction method that requires long-term traffic regulation for curing is not preferable in a busy area such as a shopping district or a station square.

Thirdly, the water-permeable mortar having voids may be deteriorated by being exposed to water or air for a long period of time.

Next, in the case of sand blasting method for permeable tiles, the laid sand flows out and moves with the permeation, and the roadbed is clogged, and the water permeability function as pavement decreases, Therefore, there is a drawback that the local settlement of the tile is caused.

In addition, even in the case of ordinary tile and block construction, it takes time to cure the cement concrete substrate and it is necessary to install joints against shrinkage and expansion, and in the case of sandblasting, Similar drawbacks, such as local subsidence caused by the, were unavoidable.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems of the conventional method.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention is a water-permeable tile characterized in that a water-permeable tiled or water-permeable block-coated undercoat layer is made of a water-permeable bituminous mixture having a porosity of 7 vol% or more, It is a block pavement.

The shape and dimensions of the tiles and blocks used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are water-permeable tiles and blocks for paving. Materials include stones, tiles, bricks, cement concrete, plastic concrete, ceramics, wood, rubber, or composite materials combining them, but when they are formed into tiles or blocks, they become porous and water-permeable. Is preferred.

The priming material of the present invention is essentially a bituminous mixture exhibiting water permeability, but here, as a measure of water permeability, the porosity is 7 vol% or more in the laid state, preferably 10 to 20 vo
l%, the permeability coefficient is 10 ^-3 cm / se when measured and evaluated by the permeability test.
C or more, preferably 10 ⁻² cm / sec or more is used.

Such bituminous mixture has an aggregate and a bituminous material as a binder as an essential component, the type of aggregate, the size, the type of bituminous material, the type of filler and other components added as an optional component, depending on the conditions such as the amount, The compounding ratio and the like are determined so as to exhibit the above water permeability.

As a binder for these bitumen mixtures, asphalt-based as well as tar-based bituminous materials can be used, and rubbers, resins, or vegetable oils can also be used. Usually, when using as a heated mixture, it is advisable to use straight asphalt and when using as a shelf-stable mixture, cut back asphalt.

As mentioned above, the appropriate amount of binder is the type of compounding material,
The amount is usually about 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 6% by weight, although it depends on the quality and the compounding ratio. If it is 1 wt% or less, it is difficult to uniformly coat the whole aggregate particles, and if it is 10 wt% or more, the binder may drip or it may be impossible to sufficiently secure the voids of the bitumen mixture.

In addition to sand and crushed stone, a small amount of filler such as limestone powder is also used, and fibers and anti-stripping agents to improve water resistance are sometimes used.

The blending of these bituminous mixtures may be conducted by examining the mixability, workability, water permeability, water resistance, etc. by, for example, a Marshall test, etc., and designing them so as to meet the intended use and usage.

As the construction method of the present invention, after laying the permeable sand asphalt on the roadbed, a method of directly attaching the tile, the block, or after the pavement compaction of the permeable sand asphalt or the permeable asphalt concrete on the roadbed, this In addition, it is possible to dot or line the tiles and blocks with a bituminous material such as cement asphalt emulsion.

Incidentally, cement asphalt emulsion, adhesive with bituminous materials such as rubber-containing asphalt emulsion, adhesion to the base treatment layer of the block is largely dependent on its adhesive strength, so it is different from the cement-based hardening and setting adhesion, Peeling of tiles and blocks and lack of adhesive strength due to curing shrinkage will not occur. It can also be adhered to a cement-based undercoat layer.

When the ground treatment material is used as a water-permeable sand asphalt, sand having a size of 5 mm or less, preferably sand having a single particle size is used as an aggregate, and straight asphalt or cut back asphalt is used as a binder.

When the base treatment material is used as an asphalt concolate or asphalt stabilizing treatment mixture, the maximum particle size of the aggregate used is 40 mm or less, preferably 20 mm or less.
It is desirable that it is 13 mm or less and the amount of passage through a 2.5 mm sieve is 60 wt% or less, preferably 30 wt% or less, in order to ensure mixability, workability and water permeability.

<Operation> According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability and the durability, which are problematic in the conventional method.

As an alternative to the conventional sandblasting method, it is possible to lay water-permeable sand asphalt on a roadbed constructed of a granular material or the like and then directly lay water-permeable tiles. In this case, the heating type water permeable sand asphalt may be used, but the normal temperature type water permeable sand asphalt is substantially free of temperature control,
It is storable and easy to handle, whether in bulk or in a bag. Taking the case of using this room temperature permeable sand asphalt as an example, the particles of the sand that make up this mixture are coated with the cut back asphalt, so they can be handled like sand in the unraveled state, but compacted. In the state, the particles adhere to each other by the adhesive force of the binder. Therefore, as water permeates, the sand flows out and moves, the roadbed becomes clogged, and the water permeability of the pavement deteriorates. There will be no problems such as local settlement of tiles.

In addition, since the tile directly attached is usually adhered to this undercoat layer by the adhesive force of the binder, it also has a positive strength. In order to achieve more sufficient adhesion, a method using a bituminous material described later may be used. Next, regarding the conventional method of laying two layers of mortar and the method of performing cement concrete foundation, for example, water-permeable sand asphalt or water-permeable asphalt concrete with a thickness of 10
It can be replaced with a construction method of paving or rolling more than 10 mm or more than 10 mm. Water-permeable sand Asphalt, water-permeable, and asphalt concrete are constructed in the same way as ordinary asphalt pavement, but when the area is large, they can be machined and work capacity is significantly improved. In addition, after the compaction is completed, the transportation can be opened in a short time.

Since it does not take a long time to cure and does not cause cracking due to expansion and contraction unlike the cement-based undercoating layer, it is not necessary to install joints for that purpose.

If the flatness is not sufficient due to manual work or the finished surface of the permeable asphalt concrete is too rough, it is possible to easily adjust the unevenness by using the permeable sand asphalt.

The tiles and blocks are not necessarily adhered to the flat-finished undercoating layer, but it is preferable to partially adhere them with an adhesive, for example, a bituminous material such as cement asphalt emulsion or rubber-containing asphalt emulsion. The water-permeable function of the undercoating layer can be maintained by partially adhering for dot or line. In particular, the adhesion method using bitumen-based materials largely depends on the adhesive strength, and unlike cement-based materials, there is no peeling of tiles or blocks due to curing shrinkage, or lack of adhesive strength. Even if you do not take it, you can get sufficient adhesive strength.

In addition, since the base treatment layer made of the bituminous mixture is flexible and has a conformability to deformation, even if a local deformation occurs below this layer for some reason, it is as straight as a rigid cement base treatment layer. Since it is possible to follow to some extent without causing cracks in the ground, it can be expected to suppress this type of destruction.

Example 1. 96 wt% of medium sand, 1 wt% of slaked lime, 6 straight asphalt
A room temperature bituminous mixture having a compounding ratio of 0/80 2.7 wt% and Frax oil 0.3 wt% was produced in a conventional batch type asphalt plant (60 T / H).

After averaging to a thickness of about 30 mm on the concrete slab and finishing the iron with iron, it was immediately sucked when the water was poured with the cup.

This mixture is called water-permeable sand asphalt.

Krasshiran 300 m on the roadbed of gravel mixed sand with good water permeability
The roadbed with a finished thickness of 10 cm was built in m. After laying a water-permeable sand asphalt with an average thickness of 20 mm on this roadbed,
A water-permeable tile coated with a release agent on the back surface and a normal water-permeable tile were directly attached, and the hand roller was rolled with a roller having a thickness of 10 mm and rolled to finish.

After spraying 50 mm of water per hour on this water-permeable tile pavement for a total of 20 hours, the tiles were peeled off using a screwdriver.

In the part of the water-permeable tile where the release agent was applied to the back surface, the surface of the water-permeable sand asphalt, where the traces of the tile were removed cleanly, is hardened like a millet, There was no evidence of movement or movement.

The tiles were difficult to peel off in the area where ordinary water-permeable tiles were peeled off, and the corners of the tiles were chipped when peeled off, and most of the tiles had water-permeable sand asphalt attached to the back surface. In addition, the surface of the water permeable sand asphalt in the peeled portion was distorted. The porosity of this sand asphalt was about 24 vol%.

Example 2. A heated bitumen mixture having the composition and properties shown in the table on the right was produced in a conventional batch type asphalt plant.
This mixture is called water-permeable asphalt concrete.

After laying the permeable asphalt concrete under the same roadbed and roadbed conditions as the previous example, with a width of 1.2 m and an extension of 20 m so that the finished thickness is 30 mm with a small asphalt finisher,
Compacted with compact vibration rollers.

After the compaction was completed, the worker stood up on the finished surface of the mixture without aging, and while squeezing out the cement asphalt emulsion from the tube-shaped container, the width was around 8 mm and the thickness was about 3 mm.
Lined at regular intervals of 70 to 75 mm, and attached water permeable tiles.

When the rubber-wrapped hand roller was applied 2-3 times following the tile application, the tile was brought into close contact with the surface of the water-permeable asphalt concrete, and did not slip when the worker entered.

The tile joints were finished by filling with the normal temperature water-permeable sand asphalt of the previous example.

In a part of this section, water was sprayed at 50 mm per hour for a total of 40 hours, but no visual defect was observed by visual observation, and good water permeability was maintained.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained as compared with the conventional method.

Since it is a bituminous mixture, clogging due to the movement of fine particles does not occur.

Since it is a bituminous mixture, local deformation due to sand outflow does not occur. In addition, even if local deformation occurs below the base treatment layer for some reason, it is possible to follow to some extent,
This kind of destruction has a suppressing effect.

No curing period is required. Construction is easy and economical.

Adhesion of tiles, blocks, etc. can be easily performed with a bituminous material, and sufficient adhesion can be achieved without requiring curing time.

No cracks due to contraction or expansion occur and no joints are required.

 There is no need for traffic regulation for curing.

The base treatment material and the construction method of the present invention are permeable tiles,
Particularly effective in the construction of blocks.

Therefore, it is useful for quick construction and durability improvement of general tile and block construction.

Front page continued (72) Inventor Akihiko Kasahara 1-19-11 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Within Japan Tamaido Co., Ltd. (72) Nobuyuki Murata 1-1-19-11 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Japan Tamaido Shares In-house (72) Inventor Tetsuya Ito 3-6, Koiehoncho, Tokoname-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inax Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuichi Tasaka 3-6, Koie-honcho, Tokoname-shi, Aichi Shares Inax Co., Ltd. (56) Reference References Actual Development Sho 60-151903 (JP, U) Actual Public Hei 3-13255 (JP, Y1) Actual Public Sho 56-26003 (JP, Y2)

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable tile-coated or water-permeable block-coated pavement, the surface treatment layer of which has a porosity of 7 vol% or more formed by layering aggregates whose surface is covered with bituminous material. A water permeable bituminous mixture layer, a water permeable tile, block pavement. 2. The water-permeable tile or block pavement according to claim 1, which has a porosity of 10 to 20 vol%. 3. The water-permeable tile or block pavement according to claim 1, wherein the bituminous mixture layer has a water permeability coefficient of 10 ⁻³ cm / sec or more. 4. The water permeable tile or block pavement according to claim 3, which has a water permeability coefficient of 10 ^-2 cm / sec or more. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate constituting the bituminous mixture layer is sand of 5 mm or less, and the binder is straight asphalt or cutback asphalt.
The water-permeable tile or block pavement according to any one of item 4. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the sand has a single particle size.
Tile and block pavement described in paragraph. 7. The maximum particle size of the aggregate constituting the bituminous mixture layer is 40.
The water-permeable tile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has a particle size of not more than mm and a passing amount of 60 wt% or less of 2.5 mm sieve, and the binder is straight asphalt or cutback asphalt. Block pavement. 8. The water-permeable tile or block pavement according to claim 7, wherein the aggregate has a maximum particle size of 20 mm or less and a 2.5 mm sieve passage amount of 30 wt% or less. 9. The water-permeable tile according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the water-permeable tile or the water-permeable block and the bituminous mixture are partially bonded using an adhesive.
Block pavement. 10. The water-permeable tile or block pavement according to claim 9, wherein the adhesive is a bituminous material such as cement asphalt emulsion.