JPH0684109U - Gas generator and dust remover for gas generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In a gas generator using a strip-shaped or granular fuel as a raw material, dust in the generated gas is reduced and maintenance work of the gas pipeline is reduced. [Structure] On the top of a cylindrical furnace shell 2 having a lower portion 5 at the bottom, a cooling cylinder 10 having a cooling water flow passage 12 inside a cylindrical wall 11 is continuously provided, and the cooling cylinder 10 is attached to the top. A fuel supply device 20 having a charging cylinder 26 that penetrates the furnace lid 15 and opens into the furnace shell 2 is disposed above the furnace lid 15.
An air supply port 6 is provided at the bottom of the grate 5, and a gas outlet 16 is provided at the top of the cooling cylinder 10.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a gas generator and a dust remover for the gas generator. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gas generator that uses a flaky or granular fuel such as sawdust, chips, pellets or the like as a raw material, and is connected to the gas generator. Related to dust removal equipment.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In general, a large amount of sawdust (sawdust) generated in a sawmill was discarded almost without being used, but the inventor of the present invention decomposed the sawdust in a gas generation furnace to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The research disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-3762 is carried out as a suitable gas generating device for obtaining a combustible gas as a combustible component and using it as a fuel gas for an internal generator driving internal combustion engine. is suggesting.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, when the apparatus disclosed in the above publication is actually continuously operated, a large amount of fine powder of sawdust and carbonized carbon dust (hereinafter collectively referred to as dust) are mixed in the combustible gas generated in the furnace shell, and the mixture is discharged from the furnace shell. As it flows out, dust accumulates in the piping from the gas outlet provided on the furnace lid to the inlet of the primary dust removal equipment, and in the piping from the outlet of the primary dust removal equipment to the secondary dust removal equipment. These pipes are apt to be clogged, and it is necessary to clean the inside of the pipes every few days, which makes maintenance troublesome. Also, much dust is collected by the primary dust removal equipment, and especially in the case of general water shower type primary dust removal equipment, the collected dust discharged into the water is difficult to reuse and must be discarded. It was uneconomical.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and a dust generator for a gas generator which can reduce the amount of dust mixed in the generated gas and require less maintenance. It is what

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In the gas generator of this invention, the top of the tubular furnace shell with the lower part in the bottom is connected to the cooling tube with the cooling water flow passage inside the tube wall, and the cooling tube is attached to the top of the cooling tube. A fuel supply device having a charging cylinder that penetrates through the furnace lid and opens into the furnace shell is disposed above the cooling cylinder, an air supply port is provided below the grate, and a gas is provided above the cooling cylinder. It is characterized in that each outlet is provided.

In the gas generator of the present invention, if a pressure release device formed by sealing the pressure release pipe communicating with the produced gas flow section of the cooling cylinder with water is provided, the produced gas in the system may be affected by air intrusion. In the case of rapid combustion or explosion, the generated combustion gas is released from the water seal part through the pressure release pipe, and it is possible to prevent damage to each part of the device and fire due to blowing of sawdust into the fuel storage tank, which is particularly preferable.

As the pressure release device, a double-cylinder-shaped water-sealed container in which a lower portion of an outer cylinder having a diameter larger than that of the pressure release pipe is fixed to the pressure release pipe via an annular bottom plate, A pressure release device comprising a water tank attached to a side portion of the outer cylinder and communicating with the outer cylinder, and a movable cylinder which is soakable in the water in the water-sealed container and whose lower portion is closed by a top plate so as to be movable up and down. Good to use.

Further, the dust remover for a gas generator according to the present invention comprises a cooling tower having a cooling water flow passage inside the tower wall and a lower part communicating with the connecting tank, a filter medium packed bed, and The filter material filling layer is equipped with a shower for spraying water on the bed, and a dust removal tower whose lower part communicates with the connecting tank is erected upright, and a gas inlet connected to the gas outlet of the gas generator above the cooling tower. A gas outlet is provided at the upper part of the dust removal tower.

[0009]

[Action]

 In the gas generator of the present invention, the generated gas generated in the furnace shell is cooled while rising in the cooling cylinder at a low flow rate, and the gas temperature decreases, and this temperature decrease increases the gas humidity. , The dust in the gas absorbs moisture and becomes heavy, and the dust with a relatively large particle size sinks into the furnace shell in the gas flow and falls onto the fuel layer, and the produced gas with a small dust content is discharged from the gas outlet. leak.

Further, in the dust remover for the gas generator of the present invention, the residual dust flowing out together with the generated gas from the gas outlet of the gas generator is cooled by the gas that descends at a low flow rate in the cooling tower to cool the dust. As it lowers and the humidity rises, it absorbs and becomes heavier, disperses from the gas stream and falls to the bottom of the cooling tower where it accumulates. Further, the small-sized dust remaining in the produced gas is removed by the water shower as it rises in the dust removal tower, and the produced gas with a further reduced dust content flows out from the gas outlet.

[0011]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, 1 is a gas generating furnace, 2 is a cylindrical furnace shell, which is made by stacking refractory bricks, and its inner wall surface 2a has a tapered cylindrical surface shape that expands downward. . The furnace shell 2 is erected on a foundation 3 and is surrounded by an outer shell 4 composed of a concrete outer wall 4a and a sand filling layer 4b. Reference numeral 5 is a grate provided at the bottom of the furnace shell, 6 is an air supply port opened below the grate, and 7 is a valve for adjusting the amount of air supplied to the gas supply port. An ash outlet and an ignition port for igniting fuel are also provided in the lower portion of the furnace shell 2, but they are not shown.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a cooling cylinder, which is a double-cylindrical heat exchanger connected to the top of the furnace shell 2, and is made of stainless steel plate, and a cooling water flow passage 12 is formed inside the cylinder wall 11. ing . A cooling water inlet 13 is connected to a cooling water supply source (not shown). Further, 14 is a cooling water outlet, which is connected to a cooling tower 43 of a dust removing device 40 described later. Reference numeral 15 is a furnace lid attached to the top of the cooling tube 10. Reference numeral 16 denotes a gas outlet provided in the furnace lid 15, which is connected to the cooling tower 43 of the dust removing device 40 by the duct 17.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a fuel supply device, in which a short cylindrical fuel storage tank 22 is installed on the floor 21 of the building fixed to the foundation 3, and a frame 24 fixed to the fuel storage tank 22 and a bearing 24. The shaft 25 is rotatably attached about the vertical axis via the upper end of the charging cylinder 26 penetrating the furnace lid 15 to the bottom surface 22a of the fuel storage tank 22. It is designed to turn along 22a (with a small distance). The swirl vanes 27 are arranged so as to pass over the opening 26 a at the upper end of the charging cylinder 26. 28 is a motor for chain-driving the shaft 25, which is attached to the frame 23. Reference numeral 29 is a conveyor for carrying in sawdust. A water seal device 30 for an airtight seal is provided at the penetration portion of the charging tube 26 through the furnace lid 15 to absorb expansion and contraction of the charging tube 26.

On the other hand, 40 is a dust removing device, which is installed on the intermediate floor 41 of the building fixed to the foundation 3, and the cooling tower 43 and the dust removing tower 44 are erected on the box-shaped connecting tank 42. Become. As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling tower 43 forms a double-cylindrical heat exchanger made of stainless steel plate, has a cooling water flow passage 46 inside the tower wall 45, 47 is a cooling water inlet, and 48 is a cooling water inlet. This is the cooling water outlet. The lower part of the cooling tower 43 communicates with the inside of the connecting tank 42, and the gas inlet 50 provided on the top plate 49 at the top of the tower wall is connected to the duct 17 from the gas generating furnace 1.

Further, the lower part of the cylindrical tower body 51 of the dust removal tower 44 is connected to the inside of the connecting tank 42, and a filter medium packed layer formed by filling the porous plate 52 with a filter medium (charcoal pieces in this embodiment). A water shower 54 is provided above 53. The inlet of the water shower 54 is connected to the cooling water outlet 48 of the cooling tower 43. Further, a gas outlet 56 provided on the top plate 55 of the dust removal tower 44 is connected to a gas use side through a water shower type cleaning (secondary dust removal) device, a dehumidification device, etc. (neither is shown). A supply pipe 57 is connected, and 61 is a water storage part formed by partitioning the bottom of the connection tank 42 with a partition plate 62, 63 is a dust accumulation part, 64 is a drain port, and 65 is a dust outlet.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a pressure release device. As shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pressure release pipe 71 and an outer cylinder 72 having a diameter larger than the pressure release pipe 71 are closed by an annular bottom plate 73. A heavy cylindrical water-sealed container 74 is formed, and a downward movable cylindrical container-shaped movable cylinder 76 whose upper end is closed by a top plate 75 is immersed in water 77 in the water-sealed container 74 at its lower part. The pressure discharge pipe 71 is covered. The water-sealed container 74 is fixedly mounted on the furnace lid 15 with the lower portion of the pressure release pipe 71 connected to the pressure release port 78 provided in the furnace lid 15.

Reference numeral 80 denotes a box-shaped water tank that opens upward, and is fixed to a side portion of the outer cylinder 72, and its base is communicated with the outer cylinder 72 through a communication port 79 provided in the outer cylinder 72. ing. Reference numeral 81 is a water supply device for supplying water to a predetermined level in the water storage tank 80, which is formed by connecting an automatic water supply valve 82 having a float 82a to a water supply pipe 83 which leads to a water supply source such as a water supply (not shown). . A partition plate 84 divides the water tank 80 into a water sealing portion 80a and a water supply portion 80b. The water sealing portion 80a and the water supply portion 80b communicate with each other below the partition plate 84. .

Reference numeral 85 is a weight connected to the top of the movable tube 76 via a wire rope 86 to reduce the weight of the movable tube 76 placed on the upper end of the pressure release tube 71 to reduce the pressure in the pressure release tube 71. The purpose of this is to drive the movable cylinder 76 upwardly at an ascending time, but it may be omitted if the movable cylinder 76 is made of a lightweight material such as aluminum. The wire rope 86 is wound around pulleys 88a, 88b pivotally supported by a frame 87 fixed to the outer cylinder 72, and 89 surrounds the weight 85 for the safety of lifting the weight 85. It is a cylindrical guard and is fixed to the outer cylinder 72.

In the gas generator 90 having the above-described configuration, in order to thermally decompose sawdust to obtain combustible gas, the sawdust 91 is supplied into the fuel storage tank 22 by the conveyor 29, and the swirl vanes 27 are swung to move the charging cylinder 26. After that, the sawdust 91 is filled in the furnace shell 2, and the lowermost portion of the sawdust layer is ignited, and air is sucked into the furnace shell 2 (if necessary by gas suction or blowing from the air supply port 6 on the use side). When steam (mixed with water vapor) is passed upward, a combustion (oxidation) layer La, a reduction layer Lb, and a carbonization (preheating) layer Lc are formed from below in the sawdust 91 in the furnace shell 2, and carbon monoxide and A product gas containing hydrogen as the main combustible component is obtained.

The produced gas is cooled when passing through the cooling cylinder 10 from the top of the furnace shell 2 as a low-speed upward flow, and the temperature of the gas is lowered from about 90 ° C. to about 50 ° C., for example. Due to this decrease in temperature, the humidity of the produced gas rises, and the dust with a relatively large particle size in the produced gas is humidified and settles in the gas flow, falling onto the sawdust 91 layer and used for gas production. .

The produced gas after the above dust removal flows from the gas outlet 16 through the duct 17 into the cooling tower 43 of the dust removal device 40, and becomes a low-speed flow due to the spreading flow and descends inside the cooling tower 43. At this time, the dust that has been further cooled to, for example, about 35 ° C. and humidified in the same manner as when passing through the cooling cylinder 10 is separated from the produced gas flow and collected in the dust accumulating portion 63 of the connecting tank 42. The produced gas with reduced dust content rises in the filter medium packed bed 53 of the dust removal tower 44 and comes into contact with the water from the water shower 54, and the residual dust content falls into the water storage section 61 together with the water, and the dust content is reduced. Is sufficiently removed, the gas flows out from the gas outlet 56.

Then, the gas is supplied to the user side, for example, an internal combustion engine (engine) from the gas supply pipe 57 through a cleaning device and a dehumidifying device for removing the subsequent tar, and is used as power for driving the generator. Of. The dust accumulated in the dust collecting portion 63 of the connecting tank 42 can be thrown into the fuel storage tank 22 of the fuel supply device 20, mixed with the sawdust 91, and used as a gas generating raw material without waste.

When air intrudes into the furnace shell 2, the cooling cylinder 10, the cooling tower 43 of the dust removal device 40, etc. for some reason and causes a rapid combustion or explosion of the produced gas, the pressure is released. The device 70 releases the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by this combustion or explosion as follows, and the combustion gas damages each part of the device, and the combustion gas together with the unburned sawdust 91 causes the charging pipe 26. Therefore, it is prevented from blowing up into the fuel storage tank 22 to cause a fire.

That is, when the gas pressure in the cooling cylinder 10 communicating with the furnace shell 2 and the dust removing device 40 becomes high due to the combustion or explosion, the movable cylinder 76 is first driven to move upward by the high pressure gas. When the lower end rises to the position shown by the chain line 92 in FIG. 3, the high-pressure gas breaks the water seal by the water 77 and is jetted upward as shown by the chain line arrow 93. At this time, the jetted gas passes through the water 77 and It is cooled by spraying with water droplets. After the gas is blown out, the water in the water supply section 80b of the water storage tank 80 is rapidly supplied into the water-sealed container 74, and the air enters from the communication port 79 into the pressure release pipe 71 to cause a new explosion or the like. Prevent the cause. After the gas pressure in the system is lowered, the movable cylinder 76 is lowered by its own weight to the initial position.

In this embodiment, since the partition plate 84 is provided, damage to the water supply device 81 portion at the time of high pressure gas ejection is prevented, and further, blowing up of water in the water supply portion 80b is prevented to prevent gas ejection. Although it has an advantage of ensuring quick return of the water seal later, depending on the type of the water supply device 81 and the size (flat area) of the water tank 80, the partition plate 84 may be omitted. it can. The pressure release device 70 can also be used in a gas generator having no cooling cylinder 10.

The gas generator 90 having the above-mentioned structure (however, the average inner diameter of the furnace shell 2 is 2000 mm, the same height is 3800 mm, the inner diameter of the cooling cylinder 10 is 1900 mm, the same height is 900 mm, the inner diameter of the cooling tower 43 is 600 mm, and the same). Height: 1700 mm), sawdust 91 with a water content of 45% was supplied at 2.5 m ³ per day (8 hours) and pyrolyzed in the furnace shell 2, and as a combustible component (volume), CO: 18-20% H _2: to obtain a combustible gas containing 12 to 13%, was repeated for 8 hours continuous supplies operate daily as a fuel gas to the engine for generator drive, duct 17 (internal diameter: 250 mm) It was possible to perform smooth furnace operation and power generation simply by cleaning the gas supply pipe 57 (inner diameter: 85 mm) once every 6 months and once every 6 months.

On the other hand, the conventional method in which the furnace lid 15 is directly attached to the top of the furnace shell 2 without the cooling cylinder 10 and the duct 17 is directly connected to the lower part of the dust removal tower 44 without the cooling tower 43 is provided. In the gas generator of this, the pipe was clogged with dust at an early stage and the gas supply, and accordingly the power generation failed, the duct 17 once every two days, and the gas supply pipe 57 once every two days. Removal work was necessary.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the furnace shell 2 may be in the shape of a right cylinder, and a gas generating furnace having a configuration in which a plurality of furnace shells are erected in a common outer shell. You may Further, as the fuel supply device 20, it is also possible to use a device having a structure other than the above, such as a device in which a vibrator is attached to a hopper-shaped fuel storage tank.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, since the pressure release device 70 formed by sealing the pressure release pipe 71 with water is provided, the generation of the inside of the system is achieved by additionally providing the cooling cylinder 10 and the cooling tower 43 of the dust removal device 40. Even in the gas generator 90 having a large volume of gas and a large amount of generated combustion gas and a large amount of heat when the generated gas rapidly burns or explodes due to the intrusion of air, etc. It has the excellent advantage that it can prevent damage to each part of the equipment and fire caused by blowing up the sawdust 91 due to the cooling action of the ejected gas. However, when using a safety valve of another type, the pressure release device 70 can be omitted. You may omit it.

Further, in particular, in the pressure release device 70 of the above-described embodiment, a water seal portion is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the pressure release pipe 71, and the movable cylinder 76 covering the pressure release pipe 71 is water-sealed. At the time of rising, the movable cylinder 76 first moves upward to absorb a part of the inflation gas to alleviate the pressure increase. Instead, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to use a water-sealing type pressure release device 97 of a simple structure in which the tip portion of 71 is directly immersed in the water 96 in the water tank 95.

The gas generator using sawdust as fuel has been described above. However, the present invention proposes a device such as a chip that is coarser than sawdust, or a pellet that is formed by drying and crushing industrial waste and food waste. It is widely applicable to gas generators that use various types of flaky or granular fuels as raw materials.

[0032]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, the dust in the generated gas is effectively removed by the dust removing device having the cooling tube connected to the furnace shell and the cooling tower, and the dust is removed from the gas generating furnace. There is little clogging of the gas pipeline leading to and the maintenance work is less.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a gas generator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a dust removal device 40 in FIG.

3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pressure release device 70 in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the pressure release device 70 in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gas-generating furnace, 2 ... Furnace shell, 5 ... Rostrul, 6 ... Air inlet, 10 ... Cooling cylinder, 11 ... Cylinder wall, 12 ... Cooling water flow passage,
15 ... Furnace lid, 16 ... Gas outlet, 17 ... Duct, 20 ...
Fuel supply device, 26 ... Charging cylinder, 40 ... Dust removal device, 42
... Connection tank, 43 ... Cooling tower, 44 ... Dust removal tower, 45 ... Tower wall, 46 ... Cooling water flow passage, 50 ... Gas inlet, 51 ... Tower body, 53 ... Filter medium packed bed, 54 ... Water shower, 56 ... Gas outlet, 57 ... Gas supply pipe, 61 ... Water storage part, 63 ... Dust accumulation part, 70 ... Pressure release device, 71 ... Pressure release pipe, 7
2 ... Outer cylinder, 73 ... Bottom plate, 74 ... Water-sealed container, 75 ... Top plate,
76 ... Movable cylinder, 77 ... Water, 78 ... Pressure release port, 79 ... Communication port, 80 ... Water tank, 81 ... Water supply device, 90 ... Gas generator, 91 ... Sawdust, 95 ... Water tank, 96 ... Water, 97
… Pressure release device.

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI Technical display location F23G 7/02 8409-3K F23J 15/00 D 7367-3K

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A cooling furnace having a cooling water flow passage inside the cylinder wall is connected to the top of a cylindrical furnace shell having a lower portion at the bottom, and a furnace lid attached to the top of the cooling cylinder is penetrated. Then, a fuel supply device having a charging cylinder that opens into the furnace shell is disposed above the cooling cylinder, an air supply port is provided below the rustle, and a gas outlet is provided above the cooling cylinder. A gas generator characterized by being provided respectively. 2. A pressure release device comprising a pressure release pipe that is water-sealed with the pressure release pipe communicating with the generated gas flow section of the cooling cylinder.
The gas generator described. 3. A double-cylinder-shaped water-sealed container comprising a pressure release device in which a lower portion of an outer cylinder having a diameter larger than that of the pressure release pipe is fixed to the pressure release pipe via an annular bottom plate, and the outer cylinder. 3. A gas generator according to claim 2, comprising a water tank attached to a side portion of the water tank and communicating with the inside of the outer cylinder, and a movable cylinder which is soaked in the water in the water-sealed container and whose lower portion is closed by a top plate. apparatus. 4. A built-in cooling tower, which has a cooling water flow path inside the tower wall and has a lower part communicating with the inside of the connecting tank, a filter medium packed layer, and a shower which sprays water on the filter medium packed layer. And a dust removal tower in which the lower portion communicates with the inside of the connection tank is erected, a gas inlet connected to the gas outlet of the gas generator at the upper part of the cooling tower, and a gas outlet at the upper part of the dust removal tower. , A dust removing device for a gas generator, which is provided respectively.