JPH0683349A - Operation element device of electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the operation element device which represents a musical instrument corresponding to a force applied to an operation element from just after a player's finger touches an operation element to when the finger leaves the operation element. CONSTITUTION:The operation element device of the electronic musical instrument is equipped with an operation element support body 2, the operation element 6 in cantilever structure which has a rigid end fixed to the operation element support body and a free end, a sensor 8 which is provided on the operation element and generates an electric output corresponding to the pressing force applied to the operation element, and a musical sound signal generating means which generates a musical sound signal corresponding to the output from the sensor 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an operator device for an electronic musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional keyboard type operating device for an electronic musical instrument,
Controls the musical sound by detecting the touch (initial touch) when the keyboard operator is pressed, and detects the touch (after touch) such as pushing the operator strongly / deeply while the operator is being pressed. Musical tone control is performed.

An example of a conventional operator device for an electronic musical instrument is shown in FIG.
It shows in (A) and FIG. 6 (B). The manipulator device shown in FIG. 6 (A) has a manipulator 6 rotatable about a rotation fulcrum K attached to the support frame 2.

The operating element 6 is biased in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing by a spring 7. This operator 6 has an upper stopper 9
Vertical rotation is restricted by A and the lower stopper 9B.

Below the manipulator 6, switches 11A and 11B, which form contacts having different switch sound depths, are provided. The operating device shown in FIG. 6B has an operator 6 attached to the support frame 2 via a thin portion K. When a force F is applied to the operator 6, the operator 6 rotates about the thin portion K in the clockwise direction in the drawing. Similar to the manipulator device of FIG. 6A, the manipulator 6 is restricted from rotating in the vertical direction by an upper stopper 9A and a lower stopper 9B.

The detection of the initial touch of this operator is
For example, it is performed by detecting the pressing speed by the 2 make switch 11. The after-touch is detected by, for example, a pressure sensor provided on the stopper 9B.

In this case, the performance expression such as the force applied to the operator 6 by the performer is not used for musical tone formation after the initial touch is detected and before the aftertouch is detected.

[0008]

In order to use the player's expression more finely in forming a musical tone, particularly with regard to a continuous sound generated from a stringed instrument or the like, for example, the vertical pressing position of the operator 6 is detected. It is preferable that the entire stroke of key depression can be detected by the method.

By the way, FIG. 7A shows the relationship between the amount of displacement of the operator 6 as shown in FIG. 6 and the key pressing force by the player. When the operating element 6 is activated, the operating element 6 is displaced substantially in proportion to the force (key pressing force) applied to the operating element 6 until the displacement becomes 0.5 mm, for example.

Thereafter, until the displacement of the operator 6 becomes 10 mm, the key is substantially depressed, but the force hardly changes. Further, after the displacement of the operator 6 becomes 10 mm, the key abuts on the stopper, so that the force sharply increases with a slight displacement.

In the illustrated example, the displacement of the operator 6 is 0.5.
The force is about 50 g when mm, and the force is about 70 g when the displacement of the operator 6 is 10 mm. The performer has such an operator 6
FIG. 7B shows the relationship between the force applied to the and the displacement of the manipulator 6. In the figure, the force applied by the performer is shown by a solid line, and the detected displacement is shown by a chain line. The horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents displacement or force.

As shown in the figure, immediately after touching the operator, an output corresponding to the force-time relationship applied by the player is obtained (the output is until the force reaches 50 g).
However, after that, I drew a steep straight line (the force was 50g ~
After that, the change in the force applied by the player is output as a gentle curve (this is the output when the force is 70 g or more).

Therefore, when the musical sound is controlled according to the output from the sensor, the change is emphasized in a certain range of the force applied to the operator by the player, the change is almost ignored in a certain range, and the player's intention is It is hard to say that it is reflected in the output from the sensor as it is.

Further, the displacement of the operator is 0.5 mm or more 10
In the case of mm or less, the force applied to the operator is greatly deformed by a slight change, so it is difficult to express the performance by changing the force.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an operator device capable of expressing a performance according to the force applied to the operator from immediately after the finger of the player touches the operator to the time when the operator leaves the operator. .

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An operator device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention comprises an operator support and an operator having a cantilever structure having a fixed end fixed to the operator support and a free end. A sensor provided on the operator for generating an electrical output corresponding to a pressing force applied to the operator, and a tone signal generating means for generating a tone signal according to the output of the sensor. And

[0017]

[Operation] Since the operator has a cantilever structure, it deforms in proportion to the force applied by the player's finger. The sensor produces an electrical output corresponding to the force.

The output from the sensor is input to the tone signal generating means. The musical tone signal generating means generates a musical tone signal according to the output of the sensor. Therefore, it is possible to always generate a musical tone signal according to the intention of the player from immediately after the operator is touched until the operator leaves the operator.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of an operating device of the present invention. In the figure, a frame (operator support) 2
The operator 6 is fixed to the upper part via a fixture such as a bolt 4. Although only one operator 6 is shown in the drawing, a plurality of operators 6 are fixed to the frame 2 in this embodiment.

The operating element 6 is made of an elastic material such as a metal material such as aluminum, and has a cantilever structure in which the end fixed to the frame 2 is fixed and the other end is free. ing.

When the player pushes the operating element 6 from above with his finger, the operating element 6 is displaced in proportion to the applied pressure. A resistance wire strain gauge 8 is fixed on the manipulator 6 to generate an electrical output corresponding to the displacement of the manipulator 6. This strain gauge 8
Indicates a resistance of 100 to 120Ω without deformation, and a resistance change of about 0.3Ω when the end portion of the operator 6 is deformed by 10 mm.
Use the one.

Generally, the bending moment has a section modulus (z)
× Proportion to the stress, and the resistance change ΔR of the strain gauge is proportional to the stress σ. That is, M = z × σ σ = k × ΔR is obtained. However, k is a constant.

Therefore, assuming that the bending moment received by the strain gauge 8 is M, this bending moment can be obtained from the resistance change ΔR of the strain gauge 8 as follows. M = z × k × ΔR (Equation 1) where z is the section modulus of the material of the manipulator at the attachment point of the strain gauge 8. Further, k is a constant determined by the longitudinal elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, and is a constant value depending on the material.

Further, when the pressing force is F and the distance between the pressing position on the operator 6 and the strain gauge 8 is x, M = F × x ...

From Equations 1 and 2, F = (z × k × ΔR) / x is obtained.

That is, the pressing force F of the player is the strain gauge 8
Proportional to the output of. FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument using this operator. The electrical signal output from the strain gauge 8 is amplified by the amplifier 10 and then amplified by the A / D converter 12
Are converted into digital signals by. The signal X that has become a digital signal is compared with the threshold value Y by the comparator 14, and when it is equal to or higher than the threshold value, it is output to the tone signal generation circuit 16.

The tone signal generation circuit 16 has an EG (envelope generator) control terminal, an effect control terminal for vibrato, reverb, etc., an LPF (low pass filter) control terminal and the like. By inputting the signal from the A / D converter 12 to any of these control terminals, various musical tone controls can be performed according to the output of the strain gauge 8.

For example, the signal from the A / D converter 12 is converted into E
The volume can be controlled by inputting to the G control terminal. In addition, various effects can be controlled by inputting them to each effect control terminal. Further, when input to the control terminal of the LPF, the tone color can be made brighter as the output from the strain gauge 8 increases.

FIG. 3A shows the relationship between the force applied to the operator 6 by the player using the operator device of this embodiment and the time, similarly to the solid line in FIG. 7A. The time-displacement relationship detected by the strain gauge 8 is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the displacement of the manipulator 6 of this embodiment is substantially proportional to the applied force. See also FIG.
As shown in (B), the time-displacement corresponding to the force-time relationship applied by the player to the manipulator 6 is obtained as an output.

Therefore, the displacement of the operating element is always proportional to the force applied to the operating element 6 (immediately after the player's finger touches the operating element until it is separated from the operating element), and the player's intention remains unchanged. It is reflected in the output of the strain gauge 8.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the essential parts of another embodiment of the operating device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the operating element 6 is made of a metal such as aluminum, and the supporting portion 6A is made of metal.
The embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG.

When the performer performs a performance, the operation unit 6B
Although is pressed with a finger, since the entire manipulator 6 has a cantilever structure, its deformation is proportional to the pressing force. Therefore, the output of the strain gauge 8 is also proportional to the pressing force and the deformation.

A mechanism for allowing the operating portion 6B to swing within a predetermined range may be interposed between the support portion 6A and the operating portion 6B. In this case, since a predetermined amount of backlash is generated in the operation section 6B, a feeling of key depression occurs during operation.

5A and 5B show the essential parts of still another embodiment of the operating device according to the present invention. FIG. 5A is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 5B is a plan view. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, except that a rectangular through hole 7 is formed in the operating portion 6B and a resistance wire strain gauge 9 is provided in the through hole 7. . A strain gauge 8 is provided on the operation unit 6B, as in the embodiment of FIG.

The strain gauge 9 detects the force applied not in the vertical direction of the operator 6 but in the depth direction (the horizontal direction of FIG. 5B). The output of the strain gauge 9 is
Independently of the output of the strain gauge 8, it is input to the tone signal generation circuit via the A / D converter and the comparator.

When the manipulator device of this embodiment is used, not only the vertical force but also the depth force can be used for performance expression. Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiment shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and can be variously modified.

[0038]

According to the operating device of the present invention, a musical performance can be expressed according to the force applied to the operating device immediately after the finger of the player touches the operating device until it is separated from the operating device. become.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of a manipulator device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a manipulator device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of displacement of the manipulator of FIG.
(A) shows the relationship with the pressing force by the player, and (B) shows the change in force (displacement) with respect to time.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the manipulator device according to the present invention.

5A and 5B show essential parts of still another embodiment of the manipulator device according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional operator.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of displacement of a conventional operator,
(A) shows the relationship with the pressing force by the player, and (B) shows the change in force (displacement) with respect to time.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Frame (Operator support) 4 Bolt 6
Operator body 6A Support portion 6B Operation portion 8 Strain gauge 10 Amplifier 12 A / D converter 14 Comparator 16 Musical tone signal generation circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A manipulator support, a manipulator having a cantilever structure having a fixed end fixed to the manipulator support and a free end, and provided on the manipulator and added to the manipulator. An operator device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: a sensor for generating an electrical output corresponding to the pressing force; and a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal according to the output from the sensor.