JPH0683336A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate pitch specification and give fine variation in pitch by dividing the bending angle of a joint and assigning one pitch to each of stages of bending at the time of sounding operation. CONSTITUTION:Strain sensors 15a and 17a are provided outside an elbow controller 15 and a wrist controller 17. Then the strain sensors 15a and 17a vary in resistance value according to the bending of the elbow and wrist and the bending angles of the elbow and wrist are detected as successive values. In this case, the elbow controller 15 detect the angles from the angle of the stretched elbow to the angle of the most bent elbow and outputs values from 0 to 127 as angle data, which are divided into three ranges of 0-42, 43-84, and 85-127 at the time of sounding. Then a pitch name is determined according to which range left and right angle data belong to. This pitch name is the scale tone of the C major scale and the determination of an octave and a half tone shift (sharp) are controlled through a grip controller.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for controlling a musical sound by controlling the angle (gesture) of an elbow or a wrist.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a gesture electronic musical instrument has been proposed in which musical sounds are controlled by the posture of an arm or a hand. For example, some conventional gesture electronic musical instruments are designed to specify the pitch of a musical sound to be produced at an elbow angle. In this electronic musical instrument, the angles of both arms are divided into three stages as shown in FIG. 3, and the pitch is specified by a 3 × 3 matrix. Further, unlike the above electronic musical instrument, the angle of the arm is not divided into stages, the angle information is reflected as it is in the pitch, and the pitch (frequency) of the musical tone is continuously changed based on the change in the angle of the elbow. Some of the above are also proposed.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned matrix method, although the pitch can be easily determined, there is a drawback that it is not possible to express a subtle pitch change with the elbow. In the second method, the pitch can be continuously changed, but it is extremely difficult to stop the elbow at the position of the correct scale frequency, and the performance pitch becomes unstable. was there.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument which can easily specify a pitch and can make a slight change in pitch.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a detecting means is provided near a joint and detects a bending angle of the joint, and the detecting range of the detecting means is divided into a plurality of sections and specified for each of the divided sections. Pitch assigning means for allocating the pitch of the tone, a pronunciation instructing means for instructing the pronunciation of a musical tone, and a musical tone of the pitch assigned to the section to which the detection value of the detecting means belongs when the pronunciation is instructed by the pronunciation instructing means. Based on the difference between the stored content of the storage means and the detection value of the detection means at that time, the storage means for storing the detection value of the detection means when the pronunciation is instructed by the sound generation instruction means, Frequency adjusting means for continuously changing the frequency of the musical sound.

[0006]

This electronic musical instrument is a so-called gesture electronic musical instrument, and sets the pitch of a musical tone to be generated based on the bending angle of the joint. At the time of pronunciation, the angle is divided into a plurality of sections, and one pitch is assigned to each divided step. When detecting a plurality of bending angles, a matrix may be formed at each bending angle (section).

As a result, an accurate musical tone can be produced with a rough bending angle. During sound generation, a slight angle change ((memory means)-(detection means)) from the bending angle during sound generation is reflected as a frequency change (frequency adjusting means). This makes it possible to continuously change the frequency after sound is generated.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 2, this electronic musical instrument has an elbow controller that detects the bending angle of the elbow and a wrist controller that detects the bending angle of the wrist. Although only the right arm is shown in the figure, it is assumed that the same controller is attached to both arms. It also has a grip controller shown in FIG. Hold this grip controller with both hands and turn on / off the key switch with your fingers. The bending angle (elbow controller, wrist controller) of the elbow and wrist controls the pitch and subtle pitch changes, and the on / off of the key switch of the grip controller controls the sound / silence and octave of musical sound.

In FIG. 1, a CPU 10 controls the operation of this electronic musical instrument. R via CPU 11 to CPU 10
The OM 12, the RAM 13, the detection circuits 21 to 26, the pitch register 30 and the tone parameter register 31 are connected. The ROM 12 stores an operation control program, and the RAM 13 stores data indicating the operation state of each controller. The detection circuits 21 to 26 include the left and right elbow controllers 14 and 15, the left and right wrist controllers 16 and 17, and the left and right grip controllers 1.
8 and 19 are respectively connected. The elbow controllers 14 and 15 and the wrist controllers 16 and 17 have strain sensors and detect bending angles of elbows and wrists in analog. The detection circuits 21 to 24 are the elbow controller 14,
The detected values of 15 and the wrist controllers 16 and 17 are converted into digital values. The detection circuits 25 and 26 detect the switch turned on by the grip controller. The pitch register 30 is a register that stores the pitch determined by the operation of various controllers. Sound source parameter register 3
Reference numeral 1 stores parameters for determining a tone color. These registers are connected to the sound source system 32. The sound source system 32 forms a musical tone signal based on these data. The formed tone signal is amplified by the sound system 33 and output as a tone.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an elbow controller and a wrist controller. This figure shows only the right hand. Both the elbow controller 15 and the wrist controller 17 are attached to the elbow and the wrist like a so-called supporter. The strain sensor 15 is provided outside the elbow controller 15 and the wrist controller 17.
a and 17a are provided. The resistance value of the strain sensor changes depending on the bending of the elbow and the wrist, and the bending angle of the elbow and the wrist can be detected as continuous values.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a pitch determination method at the time of sound generation by the elbow controller. The elbow controller detects the angle from the extended elbow to the most bent angle, and outputs it as angle data having a value of 0 to 127. 0 to 127 when pronounced, 0 to 42, 43 to 84, 8
It is divided into three ranges of 5 to 127. Depending on the range to which the angle data of the left and right elbow controllers belong, the note name is determined as in the table on the right in the figure. This note name is a scale note in the C major scale. Octave determination and semitone shift (sharp) are controlled by the grip controller.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the grip controllers 18 and 19. The performer turns the second finger (the index finger) to the fifth finger (the little finger) from the side of the natural switch to the front and grips with the back on the palm. The left and right controllers have exactly the same function, and two key switches correspond to each of the second to fifth fingers. This key switch is a switch for designating the octave and sharpness of a musical sound and for specifying whether to pronounce or mute the musical sound. The key switch close to each finger is a natural switch, and the far key switch is a sharp switch. The switch corresponding to the second finger is a switch for generating a tone of +2 octaves (octave starting from C5). When the switch on the natural side is turned on, C major notes specified by the elbow controllers 14 and 15 are sounded in the octave of C5 to C6, and when the switch on the sharp side is turned on, a semitone higher than C major notes is pronounced. To do. When the switch of the third finger is turned on, a tone of +1 octave (octave starting from C4) is produced. When the switch of the fourth finger is turned on, a musical sound of 0 octave (octave starting from C3) is produced.

When the switch of the fifth finger is turned on, a tone of -1 octave (octave starting from C2) is produced.

When one key switch is first turned on,
As described above, the musical tone of the pitch designated by the elbow controller is produced in the octave designated by the key-on.

When the second key switch (which may be any one) is turned on during the generation of the musical tone, the pitch of the musical tone is changed based on the operation of the elbow controller and the wrist controller as described in the following flow chart. It slightly moves up and down.

5 to 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 5 shows the main routine. At the same time when the power is turned on, the initialization operation is executed (n1).
This operation is an operation such as interrupt initialization and table initialization. After that, the controller processing operation (n2) is repeatedly executed.

6 and 7 are flowcharts showing the controller processing operation. This operation is an operation for controlling sound generation / silence based on the key on / off of the grip controller and for determining pitch data based on data input from the elbow, wrist, and grip controllers. First, the status of the input controller data is determined. When the status (contents of data input from the controller) is data in which the key switch of the grip controller is turned on (key on) (n10), 1 is added to the key on counter koncnt. When koncnt becomes 1 as a result of addition, it is the first key-on, so the angle data lelb and relb of the left and right elbow controllers at that time are set to Hlelb and Hrelb, respectively.
Remember. Here, the angle data can take values from 0 to 127 (see FIG. 3), but in order to facilitate the relative value calculation routine described later, it is 1 when 0 and 12 when 127.
It is rewritten to 6 (lmt function). At the same time, the elbow value elb, which is the sum of the left and right relative values, is reset at the same time. Further, 8192 (= 2 ¹³ ) is preset in the register calpitch in which the pitch change value based on the elbow value is set (n14). As shown in FIG. 11, this calpitch is a register that handles values up to 16383 (= 2 ¹⁴ ), and its data is sent to the tone generator system 32, converted into cent data in the tone generator system 32, and used for pitch control. . That is, the median value 8192 is the standard pitch (pitch when keyed on: ± 0 cent), and 0 is one octave below (-1200 cent), 16383.
Is converted as one octave higher (+1200 cents). When only one key switch of the grip controller is turned on, elbow relative value calculation (FIGS. 8 and 9) and pitch calculation (FIG. 10) described later are not executed.
The calpitch remains fixed at 8192. After that, the key-on process is executed (n15). In the key-on processing, the octave value determined by the key number of the turned-on key, the calpitch (8192 in this case), the note name obtained from the table of FIG. 3, and the natural / sharpness of the turned-on key. The pitch is determined and this data is sent to the pitch register 30. The sound source system 32 forms a musical tone signal based on this data. When the koncnt becomes 2 or more due to the key-on this time, the sounding operation is skipped because there is a musical sound currently being sounded.

If the status is key off (n1
6), 1 is subtracted from koncnt (n17). Result of subtraction
When koncnt becomes 0 (n18), the key-off process is executed to mute the musical sound currently being sounded (n1).
9). If koncnt is 1 or more even after subtraction, there is a key that is still on, so the key-off process is skipped.

When a signal of other status is input, the corresponding processing is executed (n20, n2).
1).

On the other hand, when the status is the operation data of the right elbow controller (n23), the controller output (angle data) is set to relb (n24), and konc is set.
The value of nt is judged (n25). If koncnt is 1 or less, nothing is done and the operation proceeds to the next operation. However, if koncnt is 2 or more, pitch control of the musical tone currently being sounded is performed. That is, when koncnt = 1, there is a musical tone being sounded, but delicate pitch control is not performed, and pitch control is performed only when koncnt ≧ 2. Therefore, the right elbow relative value calculation is executed (n26), and then the pitch calculation process is executed (n26).
27). If the status is the operation data of the left elbow controller (n28), the controller output (angle data) is set to lelb (n29), and the value of koncnt is determined (n30). If koncnt is 1 or less, nothing is done and the operation proceeds to the next operation. If koncnt is 2 or more, pitch control of the musical tone currently being sounded is performed. Therefore, the left elbow relative value calculation is executed (n31), and the pitch calculation process is executed (n32). Further, when the status is the operation data of the right list (n22), the angle data of the right list controller 17 is set to the right list table RWSTTBL (see FIG. 1).
The conversion is performed in 2) to determine the output value, and this value is set in the right list data register RWST (n34). After this, pitch calculation processing is executed (n35). The right list table RWSTTBL is provided in two types, L1 and L2,
Either one can be selected in advance. here,
The output value of the flat portion at the center of L2 is 63.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a left elbow relative value calculation routine. First, the current left angle data lelb
And the left angle data Hlelb at key-on are compared in size (n40). If lelb is large, proceed to n41. lelb
When it is less than Hlelb, proceed to n42. At n41, the left elbow value lelbval is calculated by the following calculation.

Lelbval = ((lelb-Hlelb) * 127) / (127-Hlelb) That is, from the angle data Hlelb at key-on to lelb = 12
The data up to 7 is divided into 128 and the data of 0 to 127 is given to lelbval.

On the other hand, at n42, the left elbow value lelbval is calculated by the following calculation.

Lelbval = ((lelb-Hlelb) * 127) / Hlelb That is, from the angle data Hlelb at key-on to lelb = 0
The space is divided into 128 and the data of 0 to -127 is given to lelbval.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a right elbow relative value calculation routine. The operation content is exactly the same as the left elbow relative value calculation routine. That is, the current right angle data relb is compared with the left angle data Hrelb at the time of key-on (n50), and when relb is large, the left elbow value relbval is calculated by the following equation at n41.

Relbval = ((relb-Hrelb) * 127) / (127-Hrelb) That is, from the angle data Hrelb at the time of key-on, relb = 12
The data up to 7 is divided into 128 and data 0 to 127 is given to relbval.

On the other hand, when relb is less than Hrelb, n42
Then, the left elbow value lelbval is calculated by the following formula.

Relbval = ((relb-Hrelb) * 127) / Hrelb That is, relb = 0 from the angle data Hrelb at key-on.
Is divided into 128 and data of 0 to -127 is given to relbval.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing the pitch calculation processing operation. First, left and right elbow values lelbval, rel
bval is added to calculate elb (n60). Therefore, elb can take values from -254 to +254.
With this value and the right list value RWST, the pitch parameter calpitch
Is calculated (n61). The calculation is performed using the following formula.

Calpitch = 8192 + (elb × 2 ⁵ ) + ((RWST−63) × 2 ³ ), that is, about 1 octave (−8128 to
+8128) can be changed, and the upper and lower semitone remainders (-1008 to +1008) can be changed by RWST. This pitch parameter calpitch is sent to the sound source (n62). The tone generator system 32 converts this parameter into a cent value to raise or lower the pitch of the musical tone.

As described above, according to the present invention, when one key is turned on, sounding is started, and when the second key is turned on, the pitch can be delicately increased or decreased by the subsequent operation of the controller. As a result, it is possible to easily determine the scale and to raise or lower a delicate pitch such as vibrato.

By performing an ensemble performance using two sets of such pitch controllable controllers, the pitch between the musical tones can be easily made to be an integer ratio like a pure tone. Further, it is possible to easily delicately shift the pitches of two musical tones such as the chorus effect.

[0034]

According to the present invention, since a plurality of conversion means can be selected, it is possible to adopt a pitch change that suits one's playing style, and improve the expressive power of a gesturing electronic musical instrument.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an elbow controller and a wrist controller used in the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a pitch determination method of the electronic musical instrument of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a grip controller used in the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a pitch change range of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a right list table of the electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

 14, 15-Elbow controller 16, 17-Wrist controller 18, 19-Grip controller

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A detection unit which is provided near a joint and detects a bending angle of the joint, and a detection range of the detection unit is divided into a plurality of sections, and a sound pitch to which a specific pitch is assigned to each of the divided sections. High-allocation means, sounding instructing means for instructing the sounding of a musical tone, and, when the sounding instructing means instructs the sounding, a sounding means for generating a musical sound of the pitch assigned to the section to which the detection value of the detecting means belongs A storage means for storing the detection value of the detection means when the pronunciation is instructed by the pronunciation instruction means, and the frequency of the musical tone based on the difference between the storage content of the storage means and the detection value of the detection means at that time. An electronic musical instrument comprising: a frequency adjusting means for continuously changing the.