JPH068095Y2 - Dust collection device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial field of application) The present invention temporarily stores the dust discharged from a home in a dust storage container through a chute, and easily stores the stored dust in a dust collection vehicle, for example. The present invention relates to a dust-collecting device that can be transferred to.

(Prior Art) Generally, garbage collected from homes is collected by each household discharging the garbage to a designated place on a collection day, and an operator collecting the garbage with a garbage truck.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional one, when the dust storage container becomes a large container, a large amount of dust is discharged from the dust storage container, and the dust clogging occurs at the portion of the transport pipe that has come out of the dust storage container. There was a problem that it would occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and when the concentration of dust near the discharge port of the dust storage container increases to a predetermined value,
Provided is a dust collection device capable of automatically taking in outside air from the second intake pipe, strongly sucking dust near the discharge port and dust in the transport pipe at the same time with a suction device, and performing collection work quickly and easily. To do.

(Means for Solving the Problem) A chute having an input port is connected via a first opening / closing valve, and a first intake pipe for taking in outside air into the inside is a second
A transport pipe connected via the on-off valve and serving as a transportation path for transporting the dust stored therein is connected via the third on-off valve, and at least one dust storage container and the transport pipe are There is a refuse collection vehicle equipped with a refuse storage chamber to be connected and a suction device for depressurizing the inside of the dust storage container, and the dust storage container has a pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the dust storage container, and An opening / closing detection device for detecting the opened / closed state of the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve, and the third opening / closing valve is provided. A control device for controlling the etc. is provided, and by the control device,
In the dust collecting device for suctioning and transporting the dust in the dust storing container to the dust collecting vehicle by controlling the opening and closing of the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve, and the third opening / closing valve, in the vicinity of the discharge port of the dust storing container. A concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of dust is provided, and a second intake pipe for taking in outside air is connected to the transport pipe via a fourth opening / closing valve, and the fourth opening / closing valve is connected depending on the detected concentration of dust near the discharge port. It is characterized in that the opening and closing of is controlled by the control device.

(Operation) After temporarily storing the dust thrown from the chute input port in the dust storage container, the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve, the third opening / closing valve, the fourth opening / closing valve, and the fourth opening / closing valve are controlled by the control device provided in the dust collecting vehicle or the like. By controlling the opening and closing of the on-off valve, dust is collected in this garbage truck.

At this time, only the fourth on-off valve is opened only when the concentration in the dust storage container detected by the concentration sensor is increased, and the outside air is taken in to facilitate suction and transport of dust.

(Example) An example will be described with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, the dust collecting apparatus provided in the apartment house A is described.

The dust collecting device collects dust from homes in a dust container 1
0 (hereinafter simply referred to as a container), and the collected dust is stored in the dust collection chamber 33 of the dust collection vehicle 30 by the suction device 31 provided in the dust collection vehicle 30. is there.

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of containers 10 are arranged in a continuous manner on the lowest floor of the housing complex A, and the first container 10a, the second container 10b, the third container 10c, and the third container 10c are arranged from the left side of the drawing. The four containers 10d are arranged in this order.

As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 1 is provided on the top surface of the first container 10a.
1 is formed, and the lower end of a chute 12 vertically arranged over each floor of the building is connected to the opening 11. The chute 12 has an inlet 12a for each floor.
.. are provided respectively.

The opening 11 has a first opening / closing valve 13 for opening and closing the opening 11.
Is provided, and the first opening / closing valve 13 is an air cylinder 15
It is opened and closed by expanding and contracting. Limit switches LSc1 and LSo1 for detecting opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve 13 are provided in the vicinity of the first opening / closing valve 13, and the limit switch LSc1 detects a closed state of the first opening / closing valve 13 and LSo1 is for detecting the open state of the first opening / closing valve 13.

In addition, the first intake port 1 is provided on the side wall slightly below the first container 10a.
6 is formed. A base end of a first intake pipe 17 is connected to the first intake port 16, and a tip end of the first intake pipe 17 is arranged so as to be able to supply outside air into the first container 10a. The first intake pipe 17 is provided with a second opening / closing valve 18 that opens and closes the first intake pipe 17.
8 is opened and closed by the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 20.

Limit switches LSc2 and LSo2 for detecting opening / closing of the second opening / closing valve 18 are provided near the second opening / closing valve 18, and the limit switch LSc2 is the second opening / closing valve 1.
8, the limit switch LSo2 detects the open state of the second opening / closing valve 18.

A discharge port 21 is formed in the lower portion of the side wall of the first container 10a, and the discharge port 21 is formed in a funnel shape to form the transport pipe 2
Connected to 3. A third opening / closing valve 25 for opening / closing the transportation pipe 23 is provided in the transportation pipe 23 near the discharge port 21, and the third opening / closing valve 25 is opened / closed by expansion / contraction of an air cylinder 26.

Limit switches LSc3 and LSo3 for detecting opening / closing of the third opening / closing valve 25 are provided in the vicinity of the third opening / closing valve 25, and the limit switch LSc3 serves as the third opening / closing valve 2.
The limit switch LSo3 detects the open state of the third opening / closing valve 25.

In addition, the second intake port 6 is provided in the transport pipe 23 near the exhaust port 21.
0 is formed. A base end of a second intake pipe 61 is connected to the second intake port 60, and a tip of the second intake pipe 61 is arranged so as to be able to supply outside air into the transportation pipe 23. The second intake pipe 61 is provided with a fourth opening / closing valve 62 for opening / closing the second intake pipe 61, and the fourth opening / closing valve 62 is opened / closed by expansion / contraction of the air cylinder 63.

Limit switches LSc4 and LSo4 for detecting the opening / closing of the fourth opening / closing valve 62 are provided near the fourth opening / closing valve 62, and the limit switch LSc4 serves as the fourth opening / closing valve 6
The limit switch LSo4 detects the open state of the fourth on-off valve 62.

The limit switches LSc1, LSo1, LSc2,
The LSo2, LSc3, LSo3, LSc4, and LSo4 constitute the open / close detection device 53 on the dust storage container 10 side.

Further, the first container 10a is provided with a pressure gauge VS for measuring the pressure in the first container 10a and a level sensor LV for detecting the storage level of dust in the first container 10a.

Further, a concentration sensor NV that detects the concentration of dust discharged from the discharge port 21 is provided near the discharge port 21 below the first container 10a. The concentration sensor NV is composed of a light emitting portion and a light receiving portion which are separated and opposed to each other, and detects the light transmission ratio between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion to obtain the dust concentration.

And other 2nd-4th containers 10b-10d are also said 1st.
It is configured similarly to the container 10a, and these first to fourth
Transport pipe 2 connected to each of the containers 10a to 10d
3 merges and is extended to a docking station 27 provided on the ground or underground. The tip end of the transport pipe 23 located at the docking station 27 is detachable from the tip end of a suction hose 32 provided in the dust collection vehicle 30 via a coupling 28.

To each of the air cylinders 15, 20, 26, 63, the branch ends of the air pipes 19 shown by broken lines in the figure are connected via electromagnetic valves not shown, and the joined ends of the air pipes 19 are docked at the docking station 27. Extended to
It is detachable via an air pipe 34 and a coupling 35 extending from an air source provided in the dust collecting vehicle 30.

The solenoid valve is switched by exciting its solenoid, which causes the air cylinder to expand and contract to move the first to fourth solenoid valves.
The on-off valves 13, 18, 25, 62 are opened and closed.

From each of the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d described above, each of the limit switches LSc1 to LSo4 and the level sensor L.
The signals detected by the detectors such as V and the concentration sensor NV are input to the control device 50 described later, or the control device 5
0 output signal from each solenoid SOLc1 to SO
A signal cable 29 for electrically or optically transmitting to Lo4 is extended to the docking station 27 via the control signal switching unit 24, and this signal cable 29 is supplied from the refuse collection vehicle 30 equipped with the control device 50. It is detachable via the same extended detection cable 36 and connector 37.

The control signal switching unit 24 is configured to sequentially switch the connection between each container 10a to 10d and the control signal 50 from the first container 10a to the fourth container 10d.

The garbage truck 30 includes a suction device 31 and the suction device 31.
And a dust storage chamber 33 that stores the dust sucked in by.

As shown in FIG. 3, the suction device 31 is provided on the front portion of the vehicle frame 41.
Is mounted, and the suction device 3 is mounted on the rear portion of the vehicle frame 41.
A dust storage chamber 33 communicating with 1 is mounted. The dust storage chamber 33 is attachable to and detachable from the suction device 31, and the lower portion of the rear portion thereof is pivotally supported by the vehicle frame 41. A base end of a suction hose 32 is connected to a front portion of the dust storage chamber 33, and a tip end of the suction hose 32 hangs down from a rear portion of the dust storage chamber 33. A base end of a guide arm 42 is pivotally supported on the upper surface of the dust storage chamber 33, and the guide arm 42 is rotatable in the horizontal direction. A suction hose is attached to a grip portion 43 provided at the tip of the guide arm 42. The middle part of 32 is gripped.

Therefore, the suction hose 32 can be rotated by rotating the guide arm 42 with a suction hose turning cylinder (not shown).
The tip portion of the vehicle is movable in the width direction of the vehicle, so that the docking station 27 can be easily connected.

On the other hand, the air sucked by the suction device 31 is the suction hose 3
2. Through the dust storage chamber 33 and the suction device 31, the exhaust hole 31a
The dust bag that is exhausted from the suction hose 32 is stored in the dust storage chamber 33.

A tailgate 45 is provided at the rear opening of the dust storage chamber 33.
Is provided by an opening / closing cylinder 46 so as to be openable and closable, and a lashing cylinder (not shown) for lashing the tailgate 45 in a closed state is provided.

Furthermore, a dump cylinder 47 is provided at the bottom of the dust storage chamber 33.
The dump cylinder 47 is provided with
Can be tilted around.

The dust collecting vehicle 30 is equipped with a control device 50 (see FIG. 4) including a microcomputer described later. In addition, the garbage truck 30 is provided with a control panel 39 including an operation switch section 39a and a display section 39b.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the dust collecting apparatus control system configured as described above.

The control device 50 is mounted on the garbage collection vehicle 30, and the first to fourth containers 10a are mounted via the docking station 27.
It is connected to 10d.

The docking station 27 is provided with a control signal switching unit 24. A switching signal output from the control device 50 is supplied to the switching output terminal 24b of the control signal switching unit 24, and signals of the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d and the control device 50 are output based on the switching signal. It is designed to switch the connection of cables in sequence.

A confirmation signal indicating the switching state is output to the control device 50 from the confirmation signal input terminal 24a of the switching unit 24. That is, the limit switches LSc1 to LSo4 and the pressure gauge V described above are provided in the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d.
S, a level sensor LV, a concentration sensor NV, and the like are provided, and each detection signal detected by the container connected by the control signal switching unit 24 is input to the control device 50.

SOLc1, SOLo1, SOLc2, SOLo2, S
OLc3, SOLo3, SOLc4, and SOLo4 are solenoids that switch solenoid valves for expanding and contracting the air cylinders 15, 20, 26, and 63, and each of the solenoids SOLc1 to SOLo is output by a control device 50.
4 is excited to switch the solenoid valve, and thus the first opening / closing valve 1
3, second opening / closing valve 18, third opening / closing valve 25, fourth opening / closing valve 62
Open and close.

Specifically, when the solenoid SOLc1 is excited, the first opening / closing valve 13 is closed, and when the solenoid SOLc1 is excited, the opening / closing valve 13 is opened, and the other SOLc2, SOLo2, SOLc are opened.
3, SOLo3, SOLc4, and SOLo4 are made in the same manner.

Further, from the control device 50, each of the first to fourth containers 10a to
In addition to the solenoids SOLc1 to SOLo4 of 10d, signals are output to the dust collecting truck side actuator 51 provided in the dust collecting truck 30 and the display portion 39b of the control panel 39.

As the dust collecting vehicle side actuator 51, there are a suction hose turning cylinder, a dump cylinder 47, a tailgate opening / closing cylinder 46, a tailgate fastening cylinder, and the like.

The display unit 39b includes a pressure of the suction device 31, pressures in the first to fourth containers 10a to 10d performing the suction operation, a display lamp indicating the operating state of each of the limit switches LSc1 to LSo4, an end lamp indicating the end of work, and the like. It is provided.

In addition, the control device 50 includes a dust collecting vehicle side detection device 52 and a control panel 39 provided in the dust collecting truck 30.
The detection signal and the operation signal from the operation switch section 39a are input.

The dust collecting vehicle side detection device 52 is provided with respective limit switches for detecting the rotational position of the suction hose 32, the tailgate closure, the tailgate lock, and the tailgate lock release.

The operation switch unit 39a includes a start switch and a stop switch for the suction device 31, first to fourth opening / closing valves 13, 18, 2
5, 62 open / close switches and the first to fourth open / close valves 1
3, 18, 25, 62 automatic / manual changeover switches and the like are provided.

The automatic / manual changeover switch automatically switches the opening / closing operation of the first to fourth opening / closing valves 13, 18, 25, 62 by switching this switch to the automatic side or the manual side, or manually by each opening / closing switch. Can be switched appropriately.

Next, the operation of the dust collecting apparatus will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the refuse collection vehicle 30 is stopped near the docking station 27, and the suction hose 32, the signal cable 36, and the air pipe 34 of the dust collection vehicle 30 are arranged in the docking station 27 such as the transport pipe 23 and the signal cable 2.
9. Connect to the air pipe 19 via couplings 28 and 35 and a connector 37.

Next, when the start switch of the suction device 31 provided on the control panel 39 is turned on with the automatic / manual changeover switch set to the automatic side, the suction device 31 operates and the control signal switching unit 24 performs the initial setting. The control device 50 is electrically connected to the first container 10a. When the switching of the control signal switching unit 24 is confirmed, the first opening / closing valve 13 is closed to close the opening 11, and at the same time, the number of times the second opening / closing valve 18 is opened is counted by the counter incorporated in the control device 50. Initialize n to 0.

Next, the third opening / closing valve 25 is opened, and the air in the first container 10a is sucked in by the suction device 31 via the suction hose 32 and the transportation pipe 23, and the inside of the first container 10a is depressurized to a vacuum. When the pressure in the first container 10a is a preset value by the pressure gauge VS (about -2500mmH ₂ O) opens the second on-off valve 18, outside air flows into the first container 10a, the first The dust in the container 10a is sucked through the transport pipe 23 and the suction hose 32. At this time, the counter counts the number of times the second opening / closing valve 18 is opened.

Here, the garbage bag D stored in the container 10a is the container 1
Since the inside of 0a is close to a vacuum (about -2500 mmH ₂ O), the inside of the dust bag D has the same pressure as the inside of the container 10a, and the outside air is rapidly sucked into the inside of the container 10a from the first intake port 16. A pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside of the dust bag D, and the dust bag D is compressed by the pressure difference and is sucked into the dust storage chamber 33 through the transport pipe 23 and the suction hose 32. At this time, the first
Since the intake port 16 is provided so as to generate an airflow in the direction of the exhaust port 21, the swirling airflow is generated in the container 10a by the air flowing into the container 10a, which causes the dust bag D.
Is sucked into the transport pipe 23 while rotating in the container 10a.

Then, when the concentration of dust in the vicinity of the discharge port 21 under the first container 10a detected by the concentration sensor NV increases to a predetermined value, or when a predetermined time elapses after opening the second opening / closing valve 18, the fourth opening / closing valve 62 Is opened and the outside air flows in through the second intake pipe 61. Subsequently, the second opening / closing valve 18 is closed.

A high dust concentration indicates that dust is too concentrated, and the suction force should be strengthened to promote suction. The outside air that has flowed into the transport pipe 23 from the second intake pipe 61 is strongly sucked by the suction device 31, so that the discharge port 2
Dust in the vicinity of 1 is also sucked at the same time. Therefore, the suction force is strengthened and the suction of dust is promoted.

After that, the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge VS is the upper limit (atmospheric pressure).
Or the predetermined suction time has elapsed, the second opening / closing valve 18 is closed and the fourth opening / closing valve 62 is subsequently closed. The suction time is measured by a timer provided in the control device 50.

On the other hand, the level sensor LV detects the storage height of dust in the first container 10a. Level sensor LV is OFF,
That is, the inside of the first container 10a is depressurized until dust is no longer detected in the first container 10a or the number of times of opening the second opening / closing valve 18 counted by a counter provided in the control device 50 reaches a set number n. And repeat the suction operation.

By repeating this suction operation, the level sensor LV is turned off. When the number of times the second opening / closing valve 18 is opened reaches the set number n, the third opening / closing valve 25 is closed and the first opening / closing valve 13 is opened again to shoot. The dust put in 12 can be stored in the first container 10a.

Then, in the next step, check if the container number is final,
If it is not final, a switching signal is output from the control device 50 to the control signal switching unit 24, and the control signal switching unit 24
Switches so that the next second container 10b and the control device 50 are connected.

As a result, the signals from the detectors provided in the second container 10b are input to the control device 50, and the output signals from the control device 50 are output to the actuators provided in the second container 10b. . When this switching is confirmed, the first opening / closing valve 13 of the second container 10b is closed and the third opening / closing valve 25 is opened.
The same operation as the above is repeated until the final fourth container 10d is repeated. When the suction operation of the final fourth container 10d is completed, the end lamp is displayed on the display unit 39b of the control panel 39 and the process is completed.

Then, the suction hose 32, the signal cable 36, and the air pipe 34 are removed from the docking station 27.

In addition, in this example, an apparatus in which four dust storage containers are constructed in the apartment house A has been described. However, as a mode of dust collection for general households, the dust storage containers are buried in the ground of the garbage collection place. If the dust is thrown in through the loading port located on the ground, the aesthetics of the town can be maintained without the dust being exposed to the eyes and the space on the ground can be effectively used.

In addition, since once thrown in dust is not exposed to the outside air in a stored state, it is possible to throw away dust at any time without producing a bad odor around the device, and because dust is not visible to the eyes, it is aesthetically and hygienic. It will be adapted to.

In this embodiment, since the on-off valve is opened and closed by the air cylinder, the air pipe for supplying the compressed air is shown. However, when the on-off valve is opened and closed electrically, an electric cable is used.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, when the dust concentration near the lower discharge port of the container becomes high, the intake port of the transport pipe is opened to take in outside air, so that the suction of dust is promoted. Collection ability is improved, and collection work can be performed quickly and easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of a refuse collecting device, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration in which the refuse collecting device is arranged in an apartment house, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing a refuse collecting vehicle provided with a refuse storing chamber. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing a control system of the dust collecting apparatus,
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the dust collecting apparatus. 10 ... refuse storage container, 12 ... chute, 12a ...
Input port, 13 ... First opening / closing valve, 17 ... First intake pipe, 1
8 ... second on-off valve, 23 ... transport pipe, 25 ... third on-off valve, 30 ... dust collection vehicle, 31 ... suction device, 33 ...
Dust storage chamber, 50 ... Control device, 61 ... Second intake pipe,
62 ... 4th on-off valve, VS ... pressure gauge, NV ... concentration sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A chute having a charging port is connected through a first opening / closing valve, and at the same time, first air for taking in outside air.
The intake pipe is connected through the second on-off valve, and the transportation pipe that serves as a transportation path for transporting the dust accumulated therein is the third.
There is a garbage collection vehicle that is connected via an on-off valve, and that includes at least one dust storage container, a dust storage chamber to which the transport pipe is connected, and a suction device that depressurizes the inside of the dust storage container, In the dust storage container, a pressure gauge for detecting an internal pressure of the dust storage container, the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve,
An opening / closing detection device that detects an open / closed state of the third opening / closing valve is provided, and the dust collecting vehicle is provided with a control device that controls opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve, the third opening / closing valve, and the like. In the dust collecting device for sucking and transporting the dust in the dust storing container to the dust collecting vehicle by controlling the opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve, the second opening / closing valve, and the third opening / closing valve by the control device, A concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of dust is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port, and a second intake pipe for taking in outside air is connected to the transportation pipe via a fourth opening / closing valve. A dust collecting apparatus characterized in that the opening / closing of a fourth opening / closing valve is controlled by the control device.