JPH0678342A - Stereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain stereoscopic vision with high resolution without need of manufacture of a display element itself with high precision. CONSTITUTION:The stereoscopic display device is made up of a liquid crystal display element 1, a lenticular lens 3 and a shutter element 6 provided between the liquid crystal display element 1 and the lenticular lens 3. The shutter element 6 has shutters 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d to divide one picture element 5 into four picture elements. Furthermore, the lenticular lens 3 magnifies the picture element divided into 1/4 by the four shutters 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d of the shutter element 6 by a multiple of nearly four in the horizontal direction so as to allow an observer to observe selectively any of the four picture elements.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device used for a realistic communication device, an artificial reality device, a stereoscopic television and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a display device using a lenticular lens as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-40692 to display a stereoscopic image. FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a conventional stereoscopic display device of this type. Referring to FIG. 17, the conventional stereoscopic display device includes a liquid crystal display element 1 and a lenticular lens 3. In the example of FIG. 17, the lenticular lens 3 has pixels of the liquid crystal display element 1 in the horizontal direction. It is configured to expand about 4 times. In such a configuration, the lenticular lens 3 allows the four pixels 2a, 2b of the liquid crystal display element 1,
A pair of 2c and 2d becomes one new pixel 4,
It enables stereoscopic viewing with four eyes.

[0003]

However, in the above-described stereoscopic display device, in order to allow the four-eyes stereoscopic view to be favorably performed by the lenticular lens 3,
There has been a problem that the liquid crystal display element 1 has to be manufactured with four times higher precision in the horizontal direction according to the required resolution.

Since a black matrix BL having a relatively large width exists between the pixels of the liquid crystal display element 1, the black matrix BL covers a large area of a new pixel 4 depending on the viewing direction. May occupy,
In this case, there are problems that the brightness of the pixel is reduced, the resolution is reduced, and stereoscopic vision becomes difficult.

According to the present invention, it is possible to perform high resolution stereoscopic vision without producing the display element itself in high definition, and further, it is possible to effectively prevent the deterioration of the brightness of the pixel. The object is to provide a different stereoscopic display device.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a display means for displaying pixels, and a dividing means for dividing at least a part of the pixels displayed on the display means. Of the pixels that have passed through the dividing means, a predetermined number of pixels are set as one set to form a new pixel, and display light based on this new pixel is controlled by the emission direction of the display light for three-dimensional display. And a pixel forming means.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the display means, a black matrix is provided evenly around each pixel.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the display means, a black matrix is provided for each of a plurality of continuous pixels.

In the invention according to claim 4, the dividing means is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven in a time division manner so that the pixels are divided in a time division manner. It is characterized by being.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the dividing means is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter changes the light transmittance in accordance with image information corresponding to the adjacent shutters. It is characterized by being driven.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the stereoscopic display device is observed by a plurality of observers, a group of pixels corresponding to the number of observers corresponding to the image information of the left and right eyes of each observer is It is characterized in that it is provided at a pixel position determined by the positional relationship between the observer and the display device.

[0012]

According to the present invention, the dividing means for dividing at least a part of the pixels displayed on the display means is provided between the display means and the new pixel forming means. Thus, even if the display means itself is not made with high definition, the dividing means divides the pixels to enable high-resolution stereoscopic viewing.

In the invention according to claim 3, the display means is provided with a black matrix for each of a plurality of continuous pixels. As a result, it is possible to reduce a decrease in luminance between pixels due to the black matrix, and it is possible to perform stereoscopic viewing without a sense of discomfort.

Further, according to the present invention, the dividing means comprises a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven in a time division manner so that the pixels are divided in a time division manner. As a result, pixel division can be performed in a simple manner. In particular, in the invention according to claim 5, the dividing means is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven by changing the light transmittance according to the image information corresponding to the adjacent shutters. Therefore, for the same image information, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the display light amount.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, when the stereoscopic display device is observed by a plurality of observers, a set of pixels corresponding to the number of observers corresponding to the image information of the left and right eyes of each observer is: Since it is provided at the pixel position determined by the positional relationship between the observer and the display device, a plurality of observers
Regardless of the position of the observer, stereoscopic viewing is possible with image information of only the left and right eyes.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a stereoscopic display device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the stereoscopic display device shown in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the stereoscopic display device includes a liquid crystal display device (for example, a black and white TFT-LC).
D) 1, the lenticular lens 3, and the shutter element 6 provided between the liquid crystal display element 1 and the lenticular lens 3 are in close contact with each other. The liquid crystal display element 1 is
The pixels 5 are arranged two-dimensionally, and the black matrix BL exists between the pixels 5. Further, the shutter element 6 has a shutter for dividing one pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1 into n pieces, and each shutter is controlled to be opened / closed by the control circuit 30. In the example of FIG. 2, 1
Shutters 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d for dividing one pixel 5 into four pixels (n = 4) are provided. Further, in this example, the lenticular lens 3 magnifies a pixel divided into four by the four shutters 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d of the shutter element 6 in the horizontal direction to about 4 times (preferably 4 times or more) and observes it. Depending on the direction of the observer 8, the observer 8 is allowed to selectively observe any one of the four pixels. A parallax barrier may be provided instead of the lenticular lens 3.

FIG. 3 is a detailed sectional view of the stereoscopic display device shown in FIGS. Referring to FIG. 3, the liquid crystal display device 1
The shutter element 6 is specifically formed integrally between the polarizer 10a and the analyzer 10b. That is, the glass substrates 11a, 11b, 11c and the data bus line 12 are provided between the polarizer 10a and the analyzer 10b.
ITO electrodes 13a and 13b facing each other, alignment films 14a and 14b, and liquid crystal layers 16 and 1 of nematic liquid crystal.
9, an ITO electrode 17 common to the entire surface, an alignment film 18a,
18b and ITO electrodes 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d
And the glass substrate 11a, the data bus line 12, the ITO electrodes 13a and 13b, the alignment films 14a and 14 are provided.
b, the liquid crystal layer 16 and the glass substrate 11b form the liquid crystal display element 1, and the glass substrate 11b, the ITO electrode 17, the alignment films 18a and 18b, the liquid crystal layer 19, the ITO electrodes 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d, the glass substrate. The shutter element 6 is formed by 11c.

Here, the distance between the two liquid crystal layers 16 and 19 is made sufficiently smaller than the thickness D of the lenticular lens 3, or the ITO electrodes 20a, 20b, 20c,
It is necessary to appropriately adjust the size of 20d.

In the example of FIG. 3, the liquid crystal display element 1 and the shutter element 6 are integrally formed, but they may be formed separately from each other.
However, when they are integrated, ITO or an alignment film can be formed on the screen of the glass substrate 11b, and the analyzer can be
Since one sheet can be omitted, the device configuration can be simplified.

Next, the operation of the stereoscopic display device having such a configuration will be described. Simultaneously with displaying one pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1, four shutters 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of the shutter element 6 are time-divisionally driven in four divisions. That is, the four shutters 7a,
By sequentially opening 7b, 7c, and 7d in this order, one pixel 5 is set to the four shutters 7a, 7b, and 7c.
It can be time-divided into four pixels corresponding to each of c and 7d, and one pixel 5 can be used as four pixels.

The lenticular lens 3 includes a shutter element 6
It is possible to enlarge the pixel divided into four in the horizontal direction by about four times, and observe any one of the four pixels depending on the direction of the observer. Therefore, a set of these four pixels becomes one new pixel 4 and stereoscopic viewing by four eyes becomes possible.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of stereoscopic vision by the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, 9a and 9b represent the right and left eyes of one observer, respectively. Now, when this observer observes the portion of the pixel 4 on the lenticular lens 3, a pixel 7d horizontally enlarged by about 4 times by the lenticular lens 3 is observed from the eye 9a, and a pixel 7b is observed from the eye 9b. To be observed. Therefore, different image information is observed for the pixel 4 by the left and right eyes. On the contrary, since the same image information can be observed by different pixels, stereoscopic parallax can be given and stereoscopic vision can be performed. In this case, since there are four eyes, stereoscopic viewing can be continuously performed by using the other pixels 7a and 7c even if the left and right eyes of the observer, that is, the head moves slightly left and right. Here, in general, the more pixels are observed between the left and right eyes, the more continuous stereoscopic vision can be performed. It is also important to increase the viewing area at this time.

As for the shutter element 6, in the case of a still image, by combining a liquid crystal having a slow response speed,
Although the flicker can drive this without much conscious, in the case of video it is desirable to drive at least 30 × 4 = 120H _Z so as not to cause flicker. However, at the present time, since Kashii flame is to produce a liquid crystal display element 1 may correspond to the driving at 120H _Z, or to reduce the number of divisions, the luminance combined drive frequency of the shutter element 6 on the liquid crystal display device 1 By lowering it sufficiently, a flicker-free moving image can be stereoscopically displayed. Further, by using the CRT display low afterglow in place of the liquid crystal display device, easily can be driven with 120H _Z (vertical scan), it is possible to stereoscopically by this method.

Further, in the configuration of FIG. 3, the shutter element 6
Has the same structure as a simple striped black-and-white binary liquid crystal display element composed of four scanning lines, and can be easily manufactured in high definition except for driving at high speed. Specifically, as the shutter element 6, a display made of FLC can be used. Further, by using passive driving, it is possible to manufacture a shutter made of only ITO without black stripes. Further, the shutter element 6 is
Since the structure is the same as that of a simple striped liquid crystal display element, the striped pattern can be eliminated in one of the ITO electrodes in order to simplify the configuration. However, when both ITO electrodes are patterned in a stripe shape, crosstalk can be further reduced as compared with the case where only one is patterned. Basically, a response that is faster than the response of the liquid crystal display element 1 is not required, but when a high response is required due to modulation or the like, FLC having a simple matrix and a memory effect is suitable. Such a double structure can also be used in a simple two-dimensional display device in which the lenticular lens 3 is not provided, and thus the number of display pixels can be increased.

As described above, the shutter element 6 is provided between the liquid crystal display element 1 and the lenticular lens 3, and the shutter element 6 is driven in a time division manner of four divisions, whereby one pixel of the liquid crystal display element 1 is driven. Dividing into four pixels enables stereoscopic viewing with four eyes. However, in this case, the shutter element 6
By performing time division driving of 4 divisions, the luminance of the pixels in stereoscopic viewing becomes 1/4 that of the conventional one. To prevent such a decrease in brightness, power modulation or pulse modulation can be performed in the shutter element 6.

In the above example, the shutter element 6 has
The case where four shutters are sequentially driven by time division driving (that is, sequentially opened) to time-divide one pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1 into four has been described. 1 by opening all four shutters
It becomes an eye and can be a normal two-dimensional display device. This is because the number of pixels actually manufactured in a matrix may be smaller than that in the conventional example of FIG. 17, and since the image quality is not deteriorated by increasing the number of pixels by the shutter, two-dimensional display of one eye and two or more eyes. This is useful when shared with 3D display. Further, in the case of a single eye, there is also an advantage that the display light is diffused by the lenticular lens 3 even if a backlight composed of light rays perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal display element 1 is used.

Further, if the number of divisions of one pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1 is further increased, a plurality of multi-views are possible. For example, the pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1 is divided into 12
With 2 eyes, 6 eyes, 4 eyes, 3 eyes, 2 eyes, which are divisors of 12,
It can be applied to a single eye. Of course, this is also the case when the number of pixels of the liquid crystal display element 1 is large, but in this case, the larger the number of pixels, the easier the comparison will be as the number of pixels increases.

In the case of color display, the RGB pixels may be divided by providing separate shutters. When RGB and pixels are vertically arranged, only one shutter is required. However,
In the case of colorization, RG for the lenticular lens
It is necessary to prevent a particular color from being emphasized depending on the viewing direction of the B pixel. Therefore, for example, it is better to avoid the striped arrangement in which RGB are arranged side by side, which is common in the liquid crystal display element for OA.

In the above example, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display element 1, the pitch of the shutter element 6 and the pitch of the lenticular lens 3 are the same, but FIG.
These can be different from each other as shown in (a) and (b). That is, in FIG. 5A, one pixel of the liquid crystal display element 1 is divided into four pixels by a shutter to form four pixels, and two lenses of a lenticular lens are assigned to this, whereby pixels of two eyes are allocated. There are two.
In addition, in FIG. 5B, one pixel of the liquid crystal display element 1 is divided into two by a shutter, and one lens of a lenticular lens is assigned to two pixels of the liquid crystal display element 1 so that pixels of four eyes are divided. I have one.

In other words, the stereoscopic display device of the present invention is
When the original number of pixels forming a set is a, when the original number of pixels a is changed to a new number of pixels b (a>b> 0) by a lenticular lens or a parallax barrier, the number of pixels b The number c (>
By providing the shutter of 1), the pixel number b of the new pixel can be converted into the pixel number a for display, and the display light emitted from the new pixel is controlled by the emission direction of the display light. By doing so, it becomes possible to stereoscopically display the image information of the original pixels of the pixel number a.

As shown in FIG. 6, one lens of the lenticular lens 3 has two pixels 3 of the liquid crystal display element 1.
6, 37 corresponding to each pixel 36, 3 of the liquid crystal display element 1.
7 is a shutter 34a, 34b, 34 of the shutter element 6.
It is also possible to divide the image into four by c, 34d and 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d, and stereoscopically display these as two pieces of image information corresponding to the left and right eyes. in this case,
When an observer is in front of the pixels 36, 37 to be observed, the shutters 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d display image information L (L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ ) corresponding to the left eye, and Shutters 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d
Image information R (R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ,
R ₄ ) is displayed. At this time, the shutter element 6 needs to be synchronized with the liquid crystal display element 1 and driven in four time divisions.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a driving method for the pixels 36 of the liquid crystal display element 1. In addition, in FIG.
The vertical axis represents the display light amount of the pixel 36 and the shutters 34a, 34.
The amounts of transmitted light of b, 34c, and 34d are shown in arbitrary units, and the horizontal axis represents time t.

In FIG. 7, for example, each of the shutters 34a-34.
It is shown that the image information L (= L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ ) displayed by d is independent from each other. In this case,
time to t _1, the image information L (L _1, L ₂ the pixel 36,
L ₃ and L ₄ ) are displayed simultaneously with the four shutters 34a.
The ~34d sequentially open at a time interval of t _1/4. As a result, the image information L (L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ ,
The display light of L ₄ ) is displayed during a period of being divided into four by the shutters 34a to 34d.

8A shows the same driving method as in FIG. 7, but in FIG. 8A, for example, image information L (= L ₁ displayed by the shutters 34a to 34d) is displayed. ，
L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ ) are all the same, that is, L ₁ = L ₂
The case where = L ₃ = L ₄ (≡L ₀ ) is shown. Also in this case, the image information L (L ₀ , L ₀ , L ₀ ,
The display light of L ₀ ) is displayed during the period when each of the shutters 34a to 34d is divided into four.

By the way, the image information L (L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ ,
Even when L ₄ ) is all the same as L ₀ , the shutters 34a to 34a
When d is sequentially opened in a time division manner and a display is performed, the display light amount at this time is reduced to 1/4 of the original display light amount 42 as indicated by reference numeral 38 in FIG. 8B. Further, in the example of FIG. 8A, the display light amount is reduced to ⅛ of the display light amount for two-dimensional display because of the image information of two eyes.

On the other hand, image information L (L₁, L₂, L₃, L_Four)
Is L₀If all are the same as
There is no need to drive in time division. Therefore, in this case,
As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the shutters 34a to 34d are turned on and off.
It is possible to prevent a decrease in the display light amount by not performing split drive.
You can That is, in the example of FIG.
The four shutters 34a to 34d related to
I am carrying the first t ₁Shutter 34 for a period up to / 4
pixel corresponding to a, that is, image information L₀To display
When the shutter 34a is open,
c and 34d are also opened. Also, the next t₁/ 4 to t₁Up to / 2
, The pixel corresponding to the shutter 34b, that is, the image
Information L₀If the shutter 34b is opened to display
At this time, 34a, 34c and 34d are also opened. Shutter 34
Similarly when displaying the image information corresponding to c and 34d
By doing so, as shown in FIG.
Image information L (L₀, L₀, L₀, L₀) Display light is the original
It is possible to display with the display light amount 39 which is the same as the light amount 42 of
It

The above is the image information L (L
₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ ) are all the same as L _0, and the shutter 34
Although the pixel is not divided by a to 34d, the reduction of the display light amount is prevented by performing the following driving method also when the pixel is actually divided by the shutters 34a to 34d. be able to.

In FIG. 10, the four shutters 34a, 34b, 34c, and
Three of the pixels obtained by dividing the pixel 36 into four by 34d (corresponding to the shutters 34a, 34b, and 34c) are a part of the image information L, and four shutters 44a, 44b, and 44 are included.
It is shown that one of the pixels obtained by dividing the pixel 43 into four by c and 44d (corresponding to the shutter 44d) is the remaining part of the image information L.

FIG. 11A shows a case where the shutter element 6 is time-divisionally driven by the same driving method as in FIG. 7 or 8A in the case of FIG. That is, FIG.
(A), the period of 3 × t _1/4 in the pixel 36, and at the same time displays the image information L, 3 single shutter 34a~34
and c are to be opened in time by one order of t _1/4. Therefore, the display light amount of the display light of the image information L is reduced to 3/16 as compared with the original display light amount 42. Since the observer can also observe the display light of the pixels obtained by dividing the pixel 43 by the shutter 44d, the total display light amount is 3/16 + 1/16.
= 1/4. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
Similar to the case of FIGS. 8A and 8B, the display light amount 40 is
The display light amount 42 of the original display light is reduced to 1/4.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Since the shutters 34a to 34c are not driven in a time division manner, it is possible to prevent the display light amount from decreasing. That is, in the example of FIG.
Of the three shutters 34a to 34d, three shutters 3
4a~34c is in cooperation with each, the first of t _1/4
In order to display the image information L corresponding to the shutter 34a during the period, when the shutter 34a is opened, the shutters 34b and 34c are also opened. In addition, t _1/2 from the following t _1/4
During the period, when the shutter 34b is opened to display the image information L corresponding to the shutter 34b, the shutters 34a and 34c are also opened. Similarly, during the next t _1/2 to 3t _1/4, when the shutter 34c is opened for displaying the image information L corresponding to the shutter 34c, the shutter 34a, 34b is also opened. As a result, as shown by reference numeral 41 in FIG. 12B, the display light 41 of the image information L by the pixel 36 is 9 / of the light amount 42 of the original display light.
It can be displayed with 16 display light quantities. Also, pixel 4
The pixel obtained by dividing 3 by the shutter 44d has the original 1 because there is no other image displaying the same image information in the pixel 43.
Since the display light amount is / 16, the observer consequently finds that the display light amount of the original pixel 36 is 9/16 + 1/16 = 5 /
The image information L can be observed with the display light amount of 8.

As described above, in the stereoscopic display device, the display light amount changes depending on the position of the observer or the type of image information divided by the shutters 34a to 34d. Therefore, the number of divided pixels and the image information are divided. If the display method of the pixel is determined in advance based on the minimum display light amount determined by the type, it is possible to eliminate the change in the display light amount. For example, in the above example, when the image information L is displayed by the shutters 34a and 34b and the image information R is displayed by the shutters 34c and 34d, the display light amount of the image information L and R is 4 with respect to the original display light amount. / 16 + 4/16 = 1
It becomes / 2, and it is good to set this as the minimum display light amount.

Further, these do not have to be the image information of the left and right eyes, but the same effect can be obtained even if they are continuous multi-eye image information.

As described above, at least one of the pixels having the number of pixels b is provided with the shutters of the number c, and the shutters are spatially driven by time-division based on the integer d satisfying c ≧ d> 1. By modulating, at least one of the pixels of the number of pixels b is set to the number of pixels of the number d, and at least one or more pieces of image information of the e kinds of image information corresponding to the e-eye is set to one of the pixels of the number of pixels b. When displaying with one pixel, the number d
When the transmittance of the shutter corresponding to one of the pixels is determined by the position of that pixel, e
The image information of one of the eyes is set to one of the pixels of the number of pixels b.
At the same time, the same image information as that of the pixel having the increased transmittance among the pixels of the number d adjacent to one pixel of the pixels having the transmittance d increased at the same time is displayed. By increasing the transmittance of the shutter corresponding to at least one pixel to be displayed, the display light amount of the same image information can be increased.

Further, FIG. 13 shows another application example of the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment. Note that the example of FIG. 13 shows a case where two observers A and B are observing, and in the figure, 30a and 30b and 31a and 31b are the right eyes of the observer A and the observer B, respectively. , The left eye, and 32b, 32c, and 32d are the liquid crystal display elements 1, respectively.
Pixels. Further, in this example, the shutter element 6 is
One pixel of the liquid crystal display element 1 is configured to be divided into six, and therefore six shutters 3 are provided for one pixel.
3a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e, 33f are provided. Further, the lenticular lens 3 is assumed to have a thickness and a curvature that provide a magnifying power of about 6 times or more in the horizontal direction depending on the position of an appropriate observer.

In such a structure, the observer A and the observer B are
When observing a pixel from one lens of the lenticular lens 3, the right eye 30a of the observer A observes the image information R1 of the pixel 33f, and the left eye 30b observes the image information L1 of the pixel 33e. The right eye of the observer B observes the image information R2 of the pixel 33c, and the left eye of the observer B observes the image information L of the pixel 33b.
Observe 2. At this time, if two pieces of image information of the left and right eyes photographed by two cameras are prepared, and L for the right eye and R for the left eye, R = R1 = R2, L = L1 = L2. As a result, the two image information of the left and right eyes captured by the two cameras respectively enter the left and right eyes of the observers A and B,
Observers A and B can have a stereoscopic view. The other pixels 32b, 32d, etc. of the liquid crystal display element 1 can be similarly stereoscopically viewed by the two observers A, B, but from the relationship between the eyes of each observer and the position of each pixel, It is also possible to correct the display position of the pixel on the shutter element 6.

Conventionally, a six-lens type stereoscopic display device is also known. In this six-lens type stereoscopic display device, continuous six types of image information photographed by six cameras from six directions are referred to as 33a to 33f. Were displayed in order. For this reason, the method of inputting image information is large-scaled, and there is a point that it is not suitable for practical use. On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, only two cameras are used, and the method of inputting image information can be minimized.

In the example of FIG. 13, a plurality of observers A,
Although it is necessary to detect the position of B, the positions of the observers A and B can be easily detected by detecting the pupil part of the observer from the input image of the camera directed to the observers A and B. it can. Alternatively, it can be detected by attaching a position sensor to the observers A and B. The larger the number of pixels corresponding to one lens of the lenticular lens 3 (6 in the above example, 33a to 33f), the more observers can observe, and a natural stereoscopic display without "skipping" of images is possible. become. Further, this method requires only two pieces of image information to be used, so that it is possible to construct a system in which the number of pixels may be different in each stereoscopic display device.

It is good when a plurality of observers are in the same viewing area of the observation lobe such as the main lobe and the sub-lobe, but when they are different, the same R or L image information is displayed on the same pixel. There may be a need. At this time, it is sufficient to inform one of the observers that stereoscopic vision is impossible or perform two-dimensional display. Alternatively, only a single lobe may be used in advance.

Further, these are also useful for a stereoscopic display device having four or more pixels in one lenticular lens or parallax barrier, regardless of the stereoscopic display device provided with a shutter element.

As described above, when a plurality of observers observe this stereoscopic display device, the original plurality of pixels a which form one set is set to 4 or more, and a plurality of observers are assigned to the pixels of this number a of pixels. By displaying two or more sets of the same image information for the left and right eyes corresponding to the positions, a plurality of observers can perform stereoscopic vision with the image information of only the left and right eyes regardless of the positions of the observers. Become.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned examples, the data bus lines 12 of the liquid crystal display element 1 can be arranged at equal intervals as shown by reference numerals 25a, 25b and 25c in FIG. In the black matrix BL, each pixel (ITO electrode) 23a, 23b, 23c
Evenly distributed around the. On the other hand, the data bus line 12 of the liquid crystal display element 1 is shown in FIG.
It can also be arranged as indicated by 22c and 22d.
That is, in the configuration example of FIG. 15, two adjacent data bus lines are arranged close to each other, so that there is no data bus line between the two pixels (ITO electrodes) 23a and 23b. Therefore, when a stereoscopic display device using a two-lens lenticular lens system is configured by using these two pixels 23a and 23b, between two directions corresponding to two eyes,
It is possible to eliminate a situation in which the brightness is lowered (looks black) due to the portion of the black matrix BL depending on the viewing direction. However, even in this case, when the image information is different between the two pixels, there is a “jump”, but the discomfort can be reduced as compared with the case where the pixel looks black. Thereby, for example, if each of the pixels 23a and 23b is provided with a four-divided shutter, continuous eight-eye stereoscopic display can be easily performed, and when a shutter is used, a sense of discomfort is reduced and continuous pixels are displayed. Can be doubled. The arrangement of the data bus lines as shown in FIG. 15 is useful even when the shutter is not provided. In FIG. 15, reference numerals 21a, 21b, 21c are scanning lines, and reference numeral 24
a and 24b are TFT elements.

FIG. 16 is a second stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.
3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. Note that, in FIG. 16, portions corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Figure 1
In the stereoscopic display device of No. 6, the shutter element 6 includes 4 × 2 shutters 26 for one pixel 5 of the liquid crystal display element 1.
a, 26b, 26c, 26d; 26e, 26f, 26
g and 26h are provided. That is, the four shutters 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d are provided for time-sharing the upper half of one pixel 5 into four pixels, and the other four shutters 26e, 26f, 26g, 26 are provided.
h is provided to time-divide the lower half of one pixel 5 into four pixels. These eight shutters divide one pixel 5 into four in the horizontal direction and two in the vertical direction. Then, a total of 8 divisions are made.

Further, in the stereoscopic display device of FIG. 16, a fly's eye lens 27 is provided instead of the lenticular lens. The fly's eye lens 27 magnifies a pixel divided into eight by the shutter element 6 to about 4 times in the horizontal direction and about 2 times in the vertical direction (total about 8 times, preferably 8 times or more),
Depending on the direction of the observer, the observer can selectively observe any one of the eight pixels.

In such a configuration, one pixel 5 is time-divided into eight pixels required for eight-eye stereoscopic vision by eight shutters 26a to 26h, and a total of about eight times is enlarged by a fly's eye lens 27. , Any one of the eight pixels can be selectively observed depending on the direction of the observer.
In other words, the eight divided pixels form a set to form a new pixel 28, and stereoscopic viewing with eight eyes can be performed. It should be noted that it is also possible to obtain only the vertical parallax by dividing the image in the vertical direction with a shutter. However, in this case, stereoscopic vision is not obtained.

[0055]

As described above, according to the invention described in claims 1 to 6, at least a part of the pixels displayed on the display means is provided between the display means and the new pixel forming means. Since the dividing means for dividing is provided, high-resolution stereoscopic viewing can be performed by dividing the pixels by the dividing means, even if the displaying means itself is not made with high precision.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the display means is provided with a black matrix for each of a plurality of consecutive pixels, it is possible to reduce the decrease in the luminance between the pixels due to the black matrix. Therefore, it is possible to perform stereoscopic viewing without discomfort.

According to the inventions of claims 4 and 5,
The dividing means is composed of a plurality of shutters,
Since each shutter is driven in a time division manner to divide the pixel in a time division manner, the pixel can be divided in a simple manner. Particularly, in the invention according to claim 5, the division means is provided. Is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven by changing the light transmittance according to the image information corresponding to the adjacent shutters. Can suppress the decrease in the display light amount.

According to the invention of claim 6, when the stereoscopic display device is observed by a plurality of observers, a set of pixels corresponding to the number of observers corresponding to the image information of the left and right eyes of each observer. Is provided at a pixel position determined by the positional relationship between the observer and the display device, so that a plurality of observers can perform stereoscopic vision with image information of only the left and right eyes regardless of the positions of the observers. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the stereoscopic display device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the stereoscopic display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of stereoscopic viewing by the stereoscopic display device of the first embodiment.

5A and 5B are diagrams respectively showing configuration examples of a stereoscopic display device in which a pixel pitch of a liquid crystal display element, a pitch of shutter elements and a pitch of lenticular lenses are made different.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the stereoscopic display device of FIG. 1.

7 is a diagram showing an example of a method of driving a liquid crystal display element of the stereoscopic display device of FIG.

8A and 8B are diagrams showing an example of a method of driving a liquid crystal display element of the stereoscopic display device of FIG.

9A and 9B are diagrams showing an example of a method of driving a liquid crystal display element of the stereoscopic display device of FIG.

10 is a diagram showing a state when the position of the observer is moved from the state shown in FIG. 6 in the stereoscopic display device of FIG.

11A and 11B are diagrams showing an example of a method of driving the liquid crystal display element of the stereoscopic display device in the state of FIG.

12A and 12B are diagrams showing an example of a method of driving the liquid crystal display element of the stereoscopic display device in the state of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a stereoscopic display device when observation is performed by two observers.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 16 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a conventional stereoscopic display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Liquid crystal display element 3 Lenticular lens 5 Pixel on liquid crystal display element 6 Shutter element 8 Observer 27 Fly's eye lens

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A display means for displaying pixels, a dividing means for dividing at least a part of the pixels displayed on the display means, and a predetermined number of pixels among the pixels transmitted through the dividing means as a new set. A three-dimensional display device, comprising one pixel, and new pixel forming means for performing three-dimensional display by controlling display light based on the new pixel respectively according to the direction in which the display light is emitted. 2. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1,
The three-dimensional display device, wherein the display means is provided with a black matrix evenly around each pixel. 3. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1,
The three-dimensional display device, wherein the display means is provided with a black matrix for each of a plurality of continuous pixels. 4. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein
The three-dimensional display device, wherein the dividing unit is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven in a time division manner to divide the pixels in a time division manner. 5. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1,
The dividing means is composed of a plurality of shutters, and each shutter is driven by changing a light transmittance according to image information corresponding to an adjacent shutter. 3D display device. 6. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1,
When the stereoscopic display device is observed by a plurality of observers, a set of pixels corresponding to the number of observers corresponding to the image information of the left and right eyes of each observer is determined by the positional relationship between the observer and the display device. A stereoscopic display device characterized by being provided at a pixel position.