JPH0667552B2 - Groove cutting method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a groove cutting method for imparting a predetermined groove shape to an end surface of a workpiece by using a gas torch, a plasma torch or other cutting torches. .

"Prior Art" As a pretreatment for welding a cutting member such as a steel plate, there is known a technique of cutting an end surface of a member to be processed into a V shape, a Y shape, an X shape, and the like to give a predetermined groove shape. Bevel cutting of seeds is generally
A groove cutting mechanism such as that shown in FIG. 3 is conventionally used in order to adopt a configuration in which a groove cutting is performed by using an NC cutting machine and moving a vertical axis of the cutting machine along an end surface contour line of a workpiece. Is used.

The structure of the groove cutting mechanism will be briefly described. The groove cutting mechanism includes a vertical shaft 12 that is moved along a contour line P ′ of the cutting end surface 10a of the workpiece 10 and a cutting device that is attached to the vertical shaft 12. A torch block 11 for controlling the position of the torch 1 ', which cuts the cutting torch 1'.
An arcuate arm 13 for angularly displacing the reference point of
And a slide plate 14 for moving the arcuate arm 13 in the direction normal to the cut end face 10a.

The vertical shaft 12 is configured to be movable up and down in the axial direction of the vertical shaft 12 according to the thickness of the workpiece and rotatable about the vertical shaft 12 axis.

According to such a cutting mechanism, after the axis of the vertical shaft 12 is aligned with the vertical line of the cutting end face 10a of the workpiece 10, the cutting torch 1'is angularly displaced along the arcuate arm 13 to cut the cutting torch 1. The groove angle of ′ is set, and then the arcuate arm 13 is moved along the slide plate 14 by an amount corresponding to the groove amount.

Then, the vertical shaft 12 is properly moved up and down to set the torch interval, and then the vertical shaft 12 is rotationally displaced so that the groove direction of the cutting torch 1'is always positioned in the normal direction.
Controls the vertical axis along the end face contour line P'of the work material 10.
By moving 12 the groove can be cut on the cut end face 10a of a desired shape.

“Problems to be Solved by the Invention” As described above, in the method of performing the groove cutting while moving the vertical shaft 12 of the cutting machine along the end face contour line P ′ of the workpiece 10, the cutting torch 1 ′ is provided. In order to set the groove angle, it is essential to provide an arcuate arm 13 for angularly displacing the torch in the normal direction about the cutting end face 10a, but the arcuate arm 13 provided with such an angle scale is Since the manufacturing is troublesome, it not only increases the cost and size of the entire apparatus, but also cuts the torch 1 ′ along the guide hole of the arm 13.
Setting the displacement angle while moving (sliding) has a problem that it is difficult to set an accurate groove angle due to backlash or swing of the guide hole and the cutting torch 1 '.

For this reason, various cutting methods for performing groove cutting without using the arc-shaped arm 13 have been studied conventionally. However, when the arc-shaped arm 13 is not used, the vertical axis 12 of the cutting machine is set to the end surface contour line P of the workpiece 10. I have to remove it and move it.
There was a problem that the bevel cutting using an NC cutting machine or robot became impossible, and all were far from practical use.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a groove-cutting method that enables the groove-cutting easily and automatically without using an NC cutting machine or a robot.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the technical problem, the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, makes it rotatable about an axis and at least in a two-dimensional direction on the workpiece 10. (X-Y) movable vertical axis 2
And a cutting torch 1 supported by the vertical shaft 2 and capable of inclining at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical shaft 2. First, as a preparatory step for performing groove cutting, the vertical shaft 2 is attached to the workpiece 10. The groove amount is set by moving (moving amount T) in the normal direction of the cut end face 10a.

The groove angle α is set by inclining the cutting torch 1 around the axis fulcrum C along the normal direction by a predetermined angle.

In this case, it may be before or after the above.

Next, before or while performing the groove cutting, the cutting edge surface 10a of the workpiece 10 is offset by a distance corresponding to the movement amount T of the vertical axis 2 in the normal direction to the contour line P '. The amount of rotation angle θ of the vertical axis 2 for keeping the moving line P and the cutting torch 1 on the normal line is calculated by the following formula.

T = (t−R + z) tan α t: Thickness of workpiece 10 R: Thickness of remaining groove of workpiece 10 z: Distance between cutting torch and workpiece θ = tan-1 (y / x) + (Π / 2) X = x + T · sin θ Y = y + T · cos θ θ: vertical axis rotation angle amount X, Y: XY coordinate value of moving line P x, y: cut end surface contour line P ′ XY coordinate values Finally, the cutting torch 1 is moved by moving the vertical axis 2 along the moving line P and at the same time rotationally displacing the vertical axis 2 by a predetermined angle according to the amount of the rotation angle θ. The groove is cut while maintaining the normal line.

We propose a groove cutting method that makes things essential.

"Effect" According to the technical means, in order to set the groove angle by inclining the cutting torch 1 by a predetermined angle around an arbitrary shaft fulcrum C on the torch, for example, the structure of such a groove cutting device is used. Is at least two-dimensional (X-Y) on the surface to be cut.
In addition, preferably, the cutting torch 1 is rotatably supported on the vertical shaft 2 which is movable in the three-dimensional directions (XYZ) and rotatable in the direction of the vertical axis 2. The arc-shaped arm 13, which is an essential component in the conventional technology, is not required, the structure of the groove mechanism is significantly simplified, and the cost and size of the entire device are reduced.

Further, the groove cutting device can be easily manufactured by only partially modifying an ordinary plane coordinate system cutting device, and the cutting machine can also be used as a plane cutting machine if the cutting torch 1 is placed vertically. It can be used for both purposes, is versatile, and is extremely advantageous in terms of work efficiency.

Further, the groove angle is set by using the cutting torch 1 around the fulcrum C.
The groove angle can be set easily and accurately because it is possible to rotate the groove by a predetermined angle.

Further, the technical means includes a vertical axis 2 located on the fulcrum C.
In order to perform the groove cutting while maintaining the cutting torch 1 on the normal line by rotationally displacing about a predetermined angle about the axis,
A vertical axis of the cutting torch 1 is set along a moving line P formed by offsetting a distance corresponding to a moving amount T of the vertical axis 2 in a normal direction to a contour line P'of the cutting end surface 10a of the workpiece 10. Two
It is possible to easily perform accurate groove cutting along the cutting end face 10a only by moving the groove.

That is, since the main movement line P is always adjusted by the movement amount T in the normal direction with respect to the end face contour line ′ of the work material 10, it can be obtained by a simple calculation formula by a trigonometric function, and If the calculation formula is stored in the control circuit of the NC cutting machine or robot, the groove cutting can be easily and automatically performed only by inputting the contour line P'data to the circuit.

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be exemplarily described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative positions, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only thereto, but merely illustrative examples. Nothing more than.

FIG. 1 is a groove cutting mechanism showing a schematic structure of a groove cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 is a pivotal support about a vertical shaft 2 about an arbitrary shaft fulcrum C on a torch shaft. The cutting torch 1 is configured so that the cutting torch 1 can be tilted at a predetermined angle along the vertical plane passing through the normal line of the cutting end surface 10a of the workpiece 10 with the pivot point C as the center.

The vertical axis 2 is configured to be movable in at least a two-dimensional direction (X-Y), preferably in a three-dimensional direction (X-Y-Z) on the surface to be cut by a two-dimensional coordinate system or the like, and It is configured to be rotatable by an arbitrary angle about the axis of the vertical shaft 2.

Next, a groove cutting method using the groove cutting mechanism will be described.

(1) First, the cutting torch 1 is tilted with respect to the vertical axis 2 about the axis fulcrum C along the normal line direction of the cutting end face 10a to set a groove angle.

Next, using the XY coordinate system (not shown), the vertical axis 2
Is moved (moving amount T) in the normal direction of the cut end surface 10a of the work material 10 to set the groove amount, and the vertical axis 2 is moved up and down in the Z axis direction to set an appropriate torch interval z.

In this case, the movement amount T can be easily obtained from the following equation.

T = (t−R + z) tan α t: thickness of the work material 10 R: thickness of the remaining groove of the work material 10 c, a cut end surface of the work material 10 after the setup or before the setup 10a A moving line P formed by offsetting the moving amount T in the normal direction of the vertical axis 2 to the contour line P'and a rotation angle θ amount of the vertical axis 2 for maintaining the cutting torch 1 on the normal line. Calculate using the following formula.

θ = tan ⁻¹ (y / x) + (π / 2) X = x + T · sin θ Y = y + T · cos θ θ: rotation angle θ amount of the vertical axis 2 X, Y: XY coordinates of the moving line P Values x, y: X-Y coordinate values of the cut end surface contour line P'd. Finally, while moving the vertical axis 2 based on the X, Y coordinate values forming the movement line P, the vertical axis The groove cutting is performed while the cutting torch 1 is maintained on the normal line by appropriately rotatively displacing 2 by a predetermined angle θ.

In this case, when the contour line P'of the cut end surface 10a of the workpiece 10 has a steep displacement point as shown in FIG. 2, it is on the extension line (tangential direction) of the movement line P before the displacement point. It is also possible to set up a program so that the cutting torch 1 is once pulled out of the area to be cut along with it, further circulated in an arc shape, and then introduced along the tangential direction of the movement line P after the displacement point. By doing so, it is possible to freely perform the groove cutting without being limited to the shape of the contour line P'of the cut end surface 10a of the workpiece 10.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a groove mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of its operation, and FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a groove mechanism according to the prior art.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cutting device that performs groove cutting while moving a cutting torch inclined at a predetermined angle in a two-dimensional direction in correspondence with a cutting end surface of a work material, wherein the cutting torch is rotatable about an axis and the cutting is performed. It has a vertical axis movable in a two-dimensional direction and a cutting torch that is axially supported by the vertical axis and can be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical axis, and the vertical axis is in the normal direction of the cutting end surface of the workpiece. After moving and tilting the cutting torch by a predetermined angle along the normal direction to set the groove angle α and the groove amount, the distance corresponding to the moving amount in the normal direction of the vertical axis with respect to the cutting end face contour line T by a trigonometric function based on the groove angle α, and by offsetting the amount of angular rotational displacement θ of the vertical axis by the moving distance T, the XY coordinate value of the moving line P and the cut end surface contour. Obtained by a function with the XY coordinate values of the line P ′, Groove cutting is performed while keeping the cutting torch on the normal line by moving the vertical axis along the movement line P and at the same time rotatively displacing the vertical axis by the angular rotation displacement amount θ. Groove cutting method characterized by 2. The groove cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the moving distance T and the angular rotational displacement amount .theta. T = (t−R + z) tan α t: Thickness of workpiece 10 R: Thickness of remaining groove of workpiece 10 z: Distance between cutting torch and workpiece θ = tan-1 (y / x) + (Π / 2) X = x + T · sin θ Y = y + T · cos θ θ: vertical axis rotation angle amount X, Y: XY coordinate value of moving line P x, y: cut end surface contour line P ′ XY coordinate value