JPH066593Y2 - Multi-frequency shared antenna - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plurality of frequencies having different frequencies (for example, a relatively low frequency f1 and a relatively high frequency f1).
A multi-frequency shared antenna for transmitting and receiving radio waves of two waves of several f2)
This is related to the structure of the antenna
Ground equipment that sends and receives signals to and from the aircraft while tailing
The present invention relates to a multi-frequency shared antenna used for.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION For example, a radio wave having a frequency of f2 is transmitted to a flying object or the like.
Automatically tracks and the frequency of f1 with the aircraft is f1.
When transmitting and receiving telemeter signals by waves,
The frequency to which the frequency f2 of the radio wave used for automatic tracking belongs
The band is relatively high and is used for sending and receiving telemeter signals.
The frequency band to which the frequency f2 of the used radio wave belongs is relatively low.
Fried, multi-frequency antenna that can transmit and receive each other different radio frequencies by a plurality of antennas made in one structure is used.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 2, a conventional multi-frequency shared antenna, for example, a dual-frequency shared antenna has a common reflector 1 and two antenna compositions 2 having different frequency bands.
And 3 are fixed.

The two antenna compositions 2 and 3 have different sizes and weights because their frequencies are different from each other.
Since such structures are juxtaposed, unbalance torque is generated in the antenna supporting shaft or the rotating shaft 4 to make the antenna support unstable, and the two antenna compositions 2
And 3 interfere with each other to deteriorate the directional characteristics of each.

Further, the antenna having the structure shown in FIG.
As an antenna for transmitting and receiving signals while automatically tracking
When used as an antenna, one antenna composition 2 and the other antenna composition 2
There is also a drawback that the directional angle with respect to the flying body is different from that of the antenna composition 3 .

Further, when transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from a flying object, transmission and reception can be performed even when the plane of polarization relatively changes between the transmitting and receiving devices due to changes in altitude, azimuth, attitude, etc. of the flying object. It is necessary to maintain it so that it can be performed without any hindrance.

[0007]

[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks .
Stable drive for racking (flying body tracking)
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a multi-frequency shared antenna in which there is no interference between a plurality of antenna compositions and the pointing angles do not differ between the plurality of antenna compositions.

[0008]

[Example of device]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to, for example, an antenna which simultaneously performs automatic tracking and telemetering.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a plate-shaped reflector, 21
And 311, 312, 313 and 314 are radiators using cross dipoles, 22 and 23 and 3 respectively.
21,322,323,324,331,332,33
3 and 334 are disk-shaped directors, 4 is a support shaft,
5 and 61, 62, 63 and 64 are antenna axes, respectively.

The antenna shaft 5 is fixed perpendicularly to the plate surface at the center of the first reflector 1, and the first radiator 21 and the first radiator 21 are attached to the antenna shaft 5 in this order from the side of the first reflector 1. Director 2
2, the second director 23 is fixed. These aggregates are hereinafter referred to as the first antenna composition. This first Anne
Tena composition is an antenna for transmitting and receiving radio waves for telemeter signals
The frequency band (f1) of the second antenna will be described later.
It is set higher than the frequency band (f2) of the composition.

Second director 23 of the first antenna composition
Includes a plurality of (four in FIG. 1) antenna axes 61, 62,
63 and 64 are mounted in parallel. In the second director 23 of the first antenna composition, a plurality (4 in FIG.
Antenna axes 61, 62, 63 and 64 of the present invention) are mounted in parallel with each other, and the axial directions of the
It coincides with the axial direction of the antenna axis 5 of the tena composition.

On the antenna shaft 61, a second radiator 311 and a third director 321 are arranged in this order from the second director 23 side.
And the fourth director 331 is fixed. These aggregates are hereinafter referred to as the first subordinate antenna composition.

On the antenna shaft 62, a third radiator 312 and a fifth director 322 are arranged in this order from the side of the second director 23.
And the sixth director 332 is fixed. These aggregates are hereinafter referred to as the second subordinate antenna composition.

On the antenna shaft 63, a fourth radiator 313 and a seventh director 323 are arranged in this order from the side of the second director 23.
And the eighth director 333 is fixed. These aggregates are hereinafter referred to as the third subordinate antenna composition.

A fifth radiator 314 and a ninth director 324 are arranged on the antenna shaft 64 in this order from the second director 23 side.
And the tenth director 334 is fixed. These aggregates are hereinafter referred to as the fourth subordinate antenna composition.

Here, the state-of-the-art second director 23, which plays a part of the first antenna composition, also serves as a common mounting base for each of the first to fourth subordinate antenna assemblies.

Further, the second director 23 includes the first to fourth waveguides.
It is made to have a characteristic as a common reflector for each subordinate antenna composition of.

An aggregate consisting of the second director 23 and the first to fourth subordinate antenna composition bodies as a whole is hereinafter referred to as a second antenna composition body. This second antenna composition is flying
An antenna for automatic tracking of the body, whose frequency band (f2) is
Higher than the frequency band (f1) of the first antenna composition
Set and synthesis of four sets of dependent antenna compositions
As a characteristic, the beam width is narrow, and strong directional characteristics can be obtained.

The second director 23 is a common member that functions as both the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition.

The diameters d1 and d2 of the first and second directors 22 and 23 of the first antenna composition are approximately 1/2 of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave transmitted and received by the first antenna composition. Length (d1 = 0.45λ1, d2 = 0.4λ in the embodiment)
1), and these first and second directors 22, 2
The interval L2 between the three is set to about 1/2 of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave (L2 = 0.5λ1 in the embodiment). The diameters d1 and d2 of the first and second directors 22 and 23 of the first antenna composition are determined by the circumferences of transmission and reception with the first antenna composition.
The length is set to about ½ of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave having the wave number f1 (d1 = 0.45λ1, d2 = 0.4λ1 in the embodiment),
And the distance L between the first and second directors 22 and 23
2 is about ½ of the wavelength λ1 of the radio wave (L2 =
Set to 0.5λ1).

The distance L1 between the first reflector 1 and the first director 22 and the distance L5 between the first reflector 1 and the first radiator 21 are about 1/2 and about 1 of the wavelength λ1, respectively. It is set to 1/4 (L1 = 0.5λ1, L5 = 0.25λ1 in the embodiment).

The four subordinate antenna compositions forming the second antenna composition have the same characteristics.

For example, in the third dependent antenna composition with antenna axis 63, the diameter d of the seventh director 323 is
The diameters d4 of the third and eighth directors 333 are respectively the first
According to the same concept as setting the diameters d1 and d2 of the first director 22 and the second director 23 of the antenna composition , the frequency f2 used in the second antenna composition is
The wavelength λ2 of the radio wave is set based on (1/2) × λ2.

The distance L4 between the seventh director 323 and the eighth director 333 is the distance between the first director 22 and the second director 23 of the first antenna composition. According to the same idea as that of setting the interval L2, the wavelength L2 is set with reference to 1/2.

Further, the distance L3 between the seventh director 323 and the reflector (second director as the first antenna composition) 23 is equal to the first waveguide in the first antenna composition. According to the same idea as setting the interval L1 between the device 22 and the first reflector 1, the setting is made with reference to (1/2) × λ2 for the wavelength λ2.

The interval L6 between the fourth radiator 313 and the reflector (the second director as the first antenna composition) 23 is the first radiator 21 in the first antenna composition. According to the same concept as that of setting the distance L5 between the first reflector 1 and the first reflector 1, the setting is made with reference to (1/4) × λ2 with respect to the wavelength λ2.

Other subordinate antenna compositions according to the antenna axes 61, 62 and 64 are similarly set. That is, in each of the four subordinate antenna compositions forming the second antenna composition, each element member has the same dimensional relationship, the same characteristics, and the same arrangement mechanism.

The dimensional relationship of the above respective parts is the same as that required in an antenna having a disk-shaped director when the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition are viewed as independent antennas. is there.

In the second antenna composition, 4
The antenna axes 61, 6 of each sub-antenna composition are such that the composite axis of each sub-antenna composition is on the antenna axis 5 of the first antenna composition or an extension thereof.
2, 63 and 64 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the antenna axis 5 or its extension.

In the first antenna composition, even if the number of directors is generally 3 or more, the present invention is useful. In this case, each subordinate antenna composition forming the second composition is attached to the leading end of the director group forming the first antenna composition.

Also, in each subordinate antenna composition forming the second antenna composition, the number of directors is generally:
Even if the number is three or more, this invention can be realized.

In the second antenna composition, it is not necessary to limit the number of subordinate antenna compositions to four,
Even with a larger number of subordinate antenna compositions,
This idea is useful.

The leading-edge director 23 of the first antenna composition, which is the mounting base of the four subordinate antenna compositions of the second antenna composition, has the four subordinate antenna compositions. Besides functioning as a common reflector for the body, it can also be used as a mounting base (mounted on the back) for necessary amplifiers (circuits) and the like.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first antenna composition is used, for example, for transmitting / receiving a telemetering signal (wavelength λ1), and the second antenna composition is usually used signal. Since the wavelengths of are used so that λ2 <λ1 and a plurality of wavelengths are used, the combined directivity of the four subordinate antenna compositions is sharp. For example, for transmitting / receiving an automatic tracking signal. use.

[0035]

As is apparent from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, each subordinate antenna composition of the second antenna composition is located symmetrically with respect to the antenna axis of the first antenna composition or its extension. Since the antenna shaft of the body is attached , the weight is
Therefore, unbalanced torque is not generated.
Stable support is obtained, and tracking drive (antenna
Support shaft 4 in azimuth (AZ) direction and elevation
Accurate and easy (operation to drive in the (EL) direction)
Can be done.

In addition, the antenna axes of the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition (the second antenna composition is a composite axis of a plurality of subordinate antenna compositions) are the same (common).
Therefore, there is no disadvantage that the lock-on points do not match. Further, since the antenna axes of the first antenna composition and the second antenna composition (the second antenna composition is a composite axis of the plurality of subordinate antenna compositions) are the same (common), the plurality of antennas The components are dried together.
About the two antenna compositions that do not interfere with each other
To other facing antennas (antennas to be mounted on the aircraft)
The benefit is that the pointing angles for the
can get.

Further, since the function of the reflector of the second antenna composition is carried out by the leading edge director of the immediately preceding first antenna composition, the reflector is structurally related to the first antenna composition. It should be provided.

Further, since the director also serves as the reflector of the next-order antenna composition and the mounting base, there is an advantage that the total number of structural members of the antenna can be reduced.

Further, for all frequencies, since a crossed dipole is used for the radiator and flat plates are used for the director and the reflector, horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, diagonal polarization, circular Since it has a structure that can effectively transmit and receive with respect to any of the polarized waves, when transmitting and receiving signals while tracking the aircraft, the plane of polarization changes as the altitude, direction, attitude, etc. of the aircraft change. At this time, it is possible to send and receive radio waves without trouble, whether it is a tracking signal or a telemeter signal.

Thus, the present invention has many advantages,
The effect is extremely remarkable.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Reflector 21, 311, 312, 313, 314 ... Cross dipole 22, 23, 321, 331, 322, 332, 32
3, 333, 324, 334 ... Disc-shaped director 4 ... Support shaft 5, 61, 62, 63, 64 ... Antenna shaft

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An antenna of a ground facility for automatically transmitting and receiving a signal to and from a flying object, the first antenna for transmitting and receiving a signal transmitting and receiving radio wave having a relatively low frequency. In an antenna comprising a composition and a second antenna composition for transmitting and receiving radio waves for relatively high frequency automatic tracking, the first antenna composition is a flat plate-shaped first reflector and a cross dipole. And a flat plate-shaped first, second, ..., Waveguide are arranged in this order. The second antenna composition is the most advanced one of the first antenna composition described above. A plurality of subordinate antenna compositions are arranged and fixed at symmetrical positions with respect to the antenna axis of the first antenna composition, using a flat plate-shaped director as a common mounting base. Above common mounting base The first antenna composition of waveguide and a common reflector, a second radiator formed of crossed dipoles, respectively,
Flat plate-shaped third, fourth, ...
Further, a multi-frequency shared antenna, wherein each antenna axis direction is made to coincide with the antenna axis direction of the first antenna composition. 2. A flat plate-shaped first, second, ..., Waveguide in the first antenna composition, and a flat plate-shaped in each subordinate antenna composition forming the second antenna composition. The multi-frequency shared antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the third, fourth, ...