JPH0665939B2 - Ice heat storage heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION “Industrial field of application” The present invention has an ice storage type ice maker that has a peeling type ice maker and a heat storage tank, and is also equipped with a water heat exchanger to enable heating. Heat pump device.

"Prior art" As a conventional ice storage type heat pump pump device of this type,
There is known a unit heat pump or a system in which an ice making coil is installed in a double slab heat storage tank provided in the basement of a building and ice is made around the ice making coil.

However, in the former case, this is applicable only to small and medium-sized buildings due to the limitation of the heat storage tank capacity, and in the latter case, there are difficulties in managing the ice making coil and the ice heat storage tank itself. There was a problem.

In view of such circumstances, as an ice heat storage type heat pump system applied to a large-scale building, a sherbet-like ice is produced by circulating an aqueous solution containing an antifreeze liquid at a low temperature outside a heat storage tank, A system was conceived in which heat was stored in a heat storage tank.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, in the conventional ice heat storage type heat pump system, although it is ice sherbet-like, because it is frozen at a considerably low temperature, the coefficient of performance is lowered and maintenance costs are increased. In addition to problems such as increase in volume and difficulty in managing antifreeze liquid, the heat storage tank is used only during cooling in summer and is not used during heating in winter, which is uneconomical in terms of operating rate. There was a problem. Further, in the ice making coil, if ice adheres, the efficiency of radiation of cold heat is reduced and the operating efficiency of the entire system is lowered,
I was dissatisfied with the efficiency. In addition, there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply it to small and medium-sized buildings because the device becomes large in order to increase the heat capacity of the heat storage tank.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to increase the efficiency of a refrigerator without using an antifreeze liquid that is difficult to manage, and to operate by allowing the heat storage tank to be used for heating in winter as well. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ice storage heat pump device that can be applied to a large-scale building by increasing the rate and reducing the maintenance cost and equipment cost.

"Means for Solving Problems" The present invention includes, in order to solve the problems, a primary-side facility that supplies heat and a secondary-side facility that serves as a load. The side equipment is an ice storage heat pump device configured to be connected via a water heat exchanger provided in a water pipe path that passes through the return tank head and the supply header, and the primary side equipment is a compressor and outdoor air. A pipe provided with a heat exchanger, an ice maker also functioning as an evaporator, and a heat storage tank for storing the ice made, and the compressor, the outdoor air heat exchanger, and the ice maker circulate a refrigerant between them. A refrigerating cycle is configured by being connected by a path, the heat storage tank is provided with a sprinkling pipe for pumping the water in the heat storage tank by a pump and supplying the water to the ice maker, and the heat storage tank Pon that draws out the water of the outside and circulates A water pipe path with a pump is connected, the primary side of the first water heat exchanger is connected in the middle of this water pipe path, and a pipe path for the refrigerant is formed in the middle of the refrigerant pipe path passing through the compressor. Second through
Is connected to the primary side of the water heat exchanger, and the secondary side of the first water heat exchanger and the secondary side of the second water heat exchanger are connected via a water pipe path via the return header and the supply header. In the refrigerant pipe path and the water pipe path, the refrigeration cycle, the heat storage heat storage cycle to the heat storage tank, the cooling cycle using the heat storage tank, the compressor, the outdoor air heat exchanger and The cooling or heating cycle by the first heat pump composed of the second water heat exchanger and the use of the heat storage tank by the second heat pump composed of the compressor, the ice maker and the second water heat exchanger It is characterized in that it is equipped with a control unit having a valve for switching to and operating the heating cycle.

[Operation] According to the ice heat storage type heat pump device of the present invention, first, in the summer, the refrigeration cycle is operated using inexpensive late-night power, and water in the heat storage tank is sprinkled on the surface of the ice maker of the refrigeration cycle. Then make ice. After the ice making is stored in the heat storage tank, the cold heat in the heat storage tank is directly supplied to the secondary side facility via the first water heat exchanger during the daytime. Further, when the water temperature in the heat storage tank reaches a predetermined value and the cold cannot be taken out, the air heat source heat pump operation is performed by operating the first heat pump, and the second side heat exchanger is operated via the second water heat exchanger. Cooling operation is performed by supplying cold heat directly to the equipment.

Next, in winter, the first
The air heat source heat pump operation is performed by operating the above heat pump, and heat is supplied from the second water heat exchanger into the heat storage tank through the first water heat exchanger to convert the water into hot water.
Then, in the early morning when the heat load is large, the second heat pump is operated by using the ice maker as an evaporator,
A water heat source heat pump operation is performed using hot water in the heat storage tank as a heat source to supply heat from the second water heat exchanger to the secondary side equipment.
When the temperature of the water in the heat storage tank reaches a predetermined value and heat cannot be taken out, the air heat source heat pump operation is performed by operating the first heat pump to perform the second water heat exchanger. Heating operation is performed by directly supplying heat from the secondary equipment to the secondary equipment.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a compressor, 2 is an outdoor air heat exchanger, and 3 is an ice maker also serving as an evaporator. The compressor 1 and the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 are connected by a pipe path P1 passing through the point A, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 and the ice maker 3 are connected by a pipe path P2 passing through the point B, The ice maker 3 and the compressor 1 are connected by a pipe path P3 to form a refrigeration cycle. The pipe paths P1 and P3 are connected to the compressor 1 via a four-way valve V1, and in the pipe path P2, valve units V2 and V3 having a switching function of the refrigerant gas and an expansion function are inserted. A heat storage tank 4 is installed below the ice maker 3, and the heat storage tank 4 is provided.
A predetermined amount of water is stored inside the. The heat storage tank 4 is provided with a pipe P4 provided with a water sprinkling pump 5, so that the water in the heat storage tank 4 is sprayed on the surface of the ice maker 3. In addition, the ice maker 3 is provided with a defrost circuit tube path P7 for peeling off the ice adhering to the surface.
Is provided. Further, the heat storage tank 4 is provided with a first water heat exchanger 6 for directly supplying the cold heat stored therein to the secondary side equipment, and the primary side and the heat storage tank 4 are The water pump 7 is connected by a pipe path P5.

The second water heat exchanger 8 is connected between the point B of the pipe path P2 of the refrigeration cycle and the four-way valve V1 via the pipe path P6 for the refrigerant, so that the compressor 1 and the outdoor air are connected. Heat exchanger 2
Together with this, a first heat pump is formed. And, in the pipe path P6 between the point B and the second water heat exchanger 8,
A valve unit with switching function for refrigerant gas and expansion function
V4 is inserted. Further, the pipe path P3 and a part of the refrigeration cycle, that is, the compressor 1 and the evaporator (ice maker) 3
The second heat pump is formed by utilizing a part of the pipe paths P1, P2, P3 and a part of the first heat pump, that is, the second water heat exchanger 8 and the pipe path P6.

In addition, when performing the heat storage operation and the heating operation or the cooling operation using the refrigeration cycle and the first and second heat pumps,
The direction of the refrigerant flowing in the pipe paths P1 and P3 is the opposite direction,
By switching the four-way valve V1, the refrigerant always flows into the compressor 1 from one direction (P3 side).

Then, on the secondary side of the second water heat exchanger 8, a return header is provided.
A water pipe path P8 connecting between 10 and the supply header 11 is connected, and a water pump 12 is interposed between the return header 10 and the second water heat exchanger 8. Further, the return header 10 and the secondary side of the first water heat exchanger 6 are connected by a water pipe path P9 in which a sluice valve V5 is inserted, and the secondary side of the water heat exchanger 6 and the return header are connected. A water pipe path P10 in which a pump 13 and a sluice valve V6 are inserted is connected to the pump 10 and the pump 10. Further, between the supply header 11 and the point E of the water pipe route P9 and the F point of the water pipe route P10, the water pipe route P
11 and a water pipe path P12, and a sluice valve V7 is inserted in the water pipe path P11 and a sluice valve V8 is inserted in the water pipe path P12. Further, the supply header 11 is connected to a pipe P13 that supplies heat to the secondary side equipment, and the return header 10 is connected to a return pipe P14, so that the entire primary side equipment and the secondary side equipment are connected. It constitutes a heat storage circuit.

In this embodiment, the compressor 1, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2, the ice maker 3, the water heat exchanger 8 and the pipes connecting them are unitized. On the other hand, the secondary equipment is pipe P1.
3 and piping P14 for return header 10 or supply header 11
Since it is connected to, each pipe can be extended and its mounting position is free.

Next, a method of operating the ice heat storage type heat pump device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

First, the cooling operation method in the summer will be described.

Night-time heat storage operation (refrigeration cycle) This is an operation method for storing cold heat in the heat storage tank 4 using inexpensive midnight power. The gate valve V2 of the pipe path P2 is opened, the expansion valve V3 is opened, and the pipe path P3 is opened. By setting the sluice valve V4 of P6 to be closed, the compressor 1, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2, the ice maker 3 and the pipe paths P1 → P2 → P3 connecting them are frozen as shown in Fig. 2. Form a cycle. Then, while operating the refrigeration cycle using inexpensive late-night power, the water spray pump 5 is also operated to spray water from the tip of the pipe 4 to the ice maker 3 to make ice on the surface of the ice maker 3. When a predetermined amount of ice adheres to the surface of the ice maker 3, a refrigerant gas is passed through the pipe path P7 using the defrost circuit to separate the ice from the surface of the ice maker 3 and store it in the heat storage tank 4 below. .

Daytime cooling operation by direct use of cold water (cooling cycle using heat storage tank) Set the sluice valves V5 and V8 of the water pipe to open and the sluice valves V6 and V7 to close to form the pipe path as shown in Fig. 3. To do. And
The water pump 7 is operated to circulate the cold water in the heat storage tank 4 to the primary side of the first heat exchanger 6 using the pipe path P5, and the water pumps 13 and 14 are operated to operate the pipe path P14 → P9 → P10 → P
By circulating water to the secondary side of the first heat exchanger 6 using 12 → P13 to perform heat exchange, the cold heat in the heat storage tank 4 (heat of melting ice and cold water 0 ° C to 12 ° C) is reduced. It is directly supplied to the secondary side for cooling.

Daytime cooling operation by air-cooled heat pump (cooling cycle) When the cold heat stored in the heat storage tank 4 cannot be recovered, the sluice valve V2 of the pipe path P2 is opened, V3 is closed, and the expansion valve V4 of the pipe path P6 is opened. By setting it to open, as shown in FIG. 4, the compressor 1, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2, the water heat exchanger 8 and the pipe path connecting them P1 → P2 → B point → P6 → V1 point → The first heat pump is formed by P3, and the air heat source heat pump operation is performed by operating this. On the other hand, on the secondary side, the sluice valves V5, V6, V7, V8 of the water pipe are closed, and by utilizing only the pipe path P8, by connecting to the secondary side equipment P13, P14 via the headers 10 and 11, In the second water heat exchanger 8, the cooling heat load of the secondary equipment is removed, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 radiates the cooling heat load to the outside air to perform the cooling operation.

Next, the heating operation in winter will be described.

Night heat storage operation (heat storage / heat cycle to heat storage tank) This is an operation method for storing hot water in the heat storage tank 4 using inexpensive late-night power. Open the expansion valve V2 of the pipe path P2, and open the gate valve V3. Closed and the sluice valve V4 of the pipe path P6 set to open,
As shown in the figure, the compressor 1, the water heat exchanger 8, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 and the pipe paths connecting them P1 → V1 → P6 → B point → P2
The first heat pump is formed by → P1 → V1 → P3.
Further, by closing the sluice valves V5 and V8 of the water pipe, a pipe path connecting between the second water heat exchanger and the first water heat exchanger P8 → supply header 11 → point E → P9 → P10 → Forms a circulation system for the Ritan header 10.

Then, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 absorbs heat from the outside air by operating the first heat pump using inexpensive midnight power, and the second water heat exchanger 8 radiates this heat. Furthermore, the heat received by the second water heat exchanger 8 is transferred to the first water heat exchanger 8 by the circulation path connecting the second water heat exchanger 8 and the first water heat exchanger 6. 6 to the secondary side, and then the water in the heat storage tank 4 is circulated through the pipe path P5 to transfer the heat in the circulation path from the primary side of the first water heat exchanger 6 to the heat storage tank 4. The heat is stored as warm water (about 40 ° C. in this embodiment).

Daytime warming operation with a water heat source heat pump (heating cycle using a heat storage tank) And, in the early morning when the heat load is large, the sluice valve V2 of the pipe path P2
, The expansion valve V3 is opened, and the sluice valve V4 of the pipe path P6 is opened, so that the compressor 1 and the evaporator (refrigerator) 3 of the refrigeration cycle and the pipe path thereof are shown in FIG. Of the first heat pump and the second water heat exchanger 8 of the first heat pump and a part of the pipe path P1 → V1 → P6 → B point → P2
→ The second heat pump is formed by P3. Then, the sluice valves V5, V6, V7, V8 of the water pipes are set to be closed, so that only the pipe path P8 is used and the headers 10, 11 are connected to the secondary side facilities P13, P14.

After forming such a pipe path, the water heat source heat pump operation is performed by operating the water spray pump 5 for the hot water in the heat storage tank 4 stored at night to spray the hot water to the evaporator 3. Then, the heated refrigerant radiates heat by exchanging heat with the circulating water on the secondary side by the second water heat exchanger 8,
The heat transferred to the pipe path P8 is supplied to the secondary side equipment via the supply header 11 to perform heating operation.

In the case of this operation, the hot water in the heat storage tank 4 can be used up to a temperature of about 10 ° C.

Daytime heating operation using an air heat source heat pump (heating cycle) When the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 4 becomes 10 ° C or less and heat cannot be recovered from the heat storage tank 4, the pipe path P2 Expansion valve V2 is opened, sluice valve V3 is closed, sluice valve in pipe path P6
By setting V4 to open, as shown in Fig. 7,
A heat pump is formed by the compressor 1, the water heat exchanger 8, the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 and the circulation path P1 → V1 → P6 → B → P2 → P1 → V1 → P3 that connects them. On the other hand, on the secondary side, the sluice valves V5, V6, V7, V8 of the water pipe are closed, and only the pipe path P8 is used.
It connects with P13 and P14 of the secondary side equipment via headers 10 and 11. Then, by performing the air heat source heat pump operation, the heating operation opposite to the cooling operation shown in FIG. 4 is performed,
The heating heat load that has been heat-exchanged in the second water heat exchanger 8 is heated by being supplied from the pipe path P8 circulating in the secondary side to the secondary-side facility via the supply header 11.

As described above, according to the ice heat storage type heat pump device of the present invention, since the circulating water for producing ice is water, that is, since the antifreeze liquid which is difficult to manage is not used, the system can be easily managed. In addition, the efficiency of the ice maker can be improved without lowering the temperature for freezing water. On the other hand, a defrost circuit is attached to the ice maker so that the ice adhering to the surface can be peeled off so that the ice maker can always be kept in a state suitable for ice making. In addition, by providing the second water heat exchanger to form the first and second heat pumps, the heat storage tank can be used for heating in the winter, and the operating rate of the equipment can be increased to increase the maintenance cost. This system can be applied as an ice storage type cooling and heating system for a large-scale building because the cost can be reduced and the secondary side facility can be located outdoors and can be enlarged.

Further, in the present embodiment, by providing the first water heat exchanger for supplying heat from the primary side equipment to the secondary side equipment, the secondary side equipment is provided with a refrigeration cycle and first and second heat pumps. It can be separated from the primary side equipment, etc., and the secondary side pipe path can be closed. As a result, it is possible to reduce the transfer power in the secondary side circulation path, and when using the underfloor double slab on the primary side without mixing the circulating water on the primary side and the circulating water on the secondary side. Also, the pipe path on the secondary side is prevented from being blocked or corroded. Further, by using the underfloor double slab, the ice storage heat pump device of the present invention can be obtained without changing the equipment of a general existing closed system or by modifying the existing cold water tank.

"Effect of the invention" As described above, the present invention forms a refrigeration cycle by a compressor, an outdoor air heat exchanger, an ice maker, and a pipe path,
A heat storage tank for storing the ice made by moving the refrigeration cycle and spraying water on the ice making machine is provided, and the heat storage tank is also provided with a first water heat exchanger. Forming a first heat pump by connecting a second water heat exchanger through the pipe path in the middle of the pipe path, and further utilizing a part of the refrigeration cycle and a part of the first heat pump. A second heat pump is formed, and the refrigeration cycle, the heat storage / heat storage cycle to the heat storage tank, the cooling cycle using the heat storage tank, the cooling or heating cycle by the first heat pump, and the heat storage by the second heat pump A control unit having a valve for operating by switching to a heating cycle using a tank is provided, and the second water heat exchanger is directly installed on the secondary side. Performs heat exchange with the,
Since it has a pipe path for supplying heat to the heat storage tank through the first water heat exchanger, it is not necessary to use an antifreeze liquid, which is difficult to manage for making ice, and the system can be easily managed. The efficiency of the ice maker can be improved without lowering the temperature for freezing water, and the second water heat exchanger is provided to form the first and second heat pumps. As a result, the heat storage tank can be used for heating in winter as well, the operating rate of the equipment can be increased to reduce the maintenance cost and the equipment cost, and the secondary side equipment can be located outdoors and becomes larger. Therefore, it can be applied as an ice heat storage type heating and cooling system for large-scale buildings, and the secondary side equipment can be separated and the pipe path can be closed, As a result, it is possible to reduce the transfer power in the secondary side circulation path, and prevent the pipe path from being blocked or corroded without the primary side circulating water and the secondary side circulating water being mixed. Produce the effect of. Particularly, according to the present invention, the heat storage tank is provided with a sprinkling pipe for pumping the water in the heat storage tank by the pump and supplying it to the ice maker, and further, the water in the heat storage tank is drawn to the outside for circulation. A water pipe path with a pump is connected, and the primary side of the first water heat exchanger is connected in the middle of this water pipe path. This allows an ice maker and a water heat exchanger to be directly installed in the heat storage tank. In addition to the above effects, since it is configured not to be installed,
Further, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved during both the cooling and heating operations using the heat storage tank and the heat storage operation for storing heat in the heat storage tank. That is, in any of the above operations, the cold water or the warm water in the heat storage tank is drawn out by the pipe for heat exchange, so that the water in the heat storage tank is sufficiently stirred to form a more uniform temperature distribution. As a result, the heat exchange rate can be increased by that amount as compared with the case where the heat exchanger is directly arranged in the heat storage tank and heat is exchanged with the water in the heat storage tank in the so-called storage state, Moreover, since the flow rate can be adjusted by the pump, the heat exchange rate can be easily quantitatively controlled by adjusting the flow rate.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing the whole ice heat storage type heat pump device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a summer night heat storage operation. Fig. 3 is a system diagram for explaining the summer daytime cooling operation by direct use of cold water, Fig. 4 is a system diagram for explaining the summer daytime cooling operation by an air-cooling heat pump, and Fig. 5 is winter nighttime. System diagram for explaining heat storage operation, No. 6
FIG. 7 is a system diagram for explaining a winter daytime heating operation by a water heat source heat pump, and FIG. 7 is a system diagram for explaining a winter daytime heating operation by an air heat source heat pump. 1 ... Compressor, 2 ... Outdoor air heat exchanger, 3 ... Ice maker also serving as evaporator, 4 ... Heat storage tank, 5 ... Sprinkling pump, 6
...... First water heat exchanger, 8 …… Second water heat exchanger, P1, P
2, P3 …… Pipe path for forming refrigeration cycle, P4 …… Sprinkling pipe, P5 …… Pipe path, P6 …… Pipe path for forming heat pump, P7 …… Peeling ice off the surface of ice machine Pipe path, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12 ... First water heat exchanger and second
, A pipe path connecting the primary side equipment and the secondary side equipment together with the water heat exchanger, V1 ... four-way valve (control section), V
2, V3, V4 ... Unit (control unit) that has the function of switching refrigerant gas and expanding.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takahiro Wakaoji 2-16-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masaaki Go 2-16-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction company (72) Inventor Minoru Kawashima 2-16-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction company

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Water comprising a primary side facility for supplying heat and a secondary side facility as a load, the primary side facility and the secondary side facility being provided in a water pipe path passing through a return header and a supply header. An ice storage heat pump device having a configuration connected via a heat exchanger, wherein the primary side equipment is a compressor, an outdoor air heat exchanger, and an ice maker also serving as an evaporator,
A heat storage tank for storing ice made ice is provided, and the compressor, the outdoor air heat exchanger, and the ice maker are connected by a pipe path for circulating a refrigerant between them, thereby forming a refrigeration cycle, and the heat storage tank. Is provided with a sprinkling pipe for drawing water in the heat storage tank by a pump to supply it to the ice maker, and in the heat storage tank, a water pipe path with a pump for circulating the water in the heat storage tank to the outside. Is connected, the primary side of the first water heat exchanger is connected in the middle of this water pipe path, and further, in the middle of the refrigerant pipe path passing through the compressor, the second side is formed via the refrigerant pipe path. The primary side of the water heat exchanger was connected, and the secondary side of the first water heat exchanger and the secondary side of the second water heat exchanger were connected by a water pipe path via the return header and the supply header. And a pipe path for the refrigerant and In the pipe path, the refrigeration cycle, the heat storage / heat storage cycle to the heat storage tank, the cooling cycle using the heat storage tank, the compressor, the outdoor air heat exchanger, and the second water heat exchanger A valve for switching and operating the cooling or heating cycle by the first heat pump and the heating cycle using the heat storage tank by the second heat pump configured by the compressor, the ice maker and the second water heat exchanger, respectively. An ice storage heat pump device, characterized in that it is equipped with a control unit having.