JPH0663346B2 - Tongue joint structure panel - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a structural panel having tongue and groove shapes on the side edges of the panel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tongue-and-groove panels, especially plywood panels, are widely used in the construction industry as underlayment panels. In the construction of the lower floor, these panels hang between the joists of the floor of the building, and the side edges of the tongue and groove connecting the adjacent panels are such that the edges of the panels are located above the beam and When supported by joists, the panel acts to provide support so that it does not sag between joists.

Applicant's Canadian Patent 914370 discloses tongue-and-groove plywood panels of the type described above. This patent is 2
A tongue-and-groove structure is disclosed in which the upper veneers of two adjacent panels are slightly separated at the juncture because the tongue is slightly longer than the groove depth. This structure allows the plywood panel to expand due to moisture. Such expansion often occurs because it is common construction practice to form an understory at an early stage during the establishment of a building, thus exposing the understory to rain and other climatic conditions. If adjacent panels are not separated along the tongue and groove joint,
Any swelling of the panel is received by the abutting edges of the joint, creating a ridge on the top surface of the panel. This ridge must be sanded or otherwise treated to avoid scratching the finish floor covering.

When mounting the finishing floor cover, the gap between the upper surfaces of the adjacent panels is filled with a filler or adhesive which is used during the application of the finishing cover agent in order to form a smooth base.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to improve the tongue-and-groove construction panel disclosed in the above-mentioned Canadian Patent No. 914370.

Means for Solving the Problems The tongue-and-groove structure panel of the present invention comprises tongues and grooves,
The tongue has a triangular cross section that extends along the length of the essentially convex first panel side edge, the convex side edge connecting the tongue and the convex side edge. Formed by an inclined surface sloping from the section to the upper and lower surfaces of the panel; the groove being a triangular recess formed in the essentially concave second panel side edge facing the convex side edge. including. The concave side edge is formed with an inclined surface inwardly sloping from the upper and lower surfaces of the concave side edge to the groove to form a shallow essentially concave groove along the concave side edge. , Thus guiding and guiding the tongue into the groove. The tongue has a tip and the groove has a bottom so that when the panel is spliced to a similar panel, the tongue tip of one panel engages the bottom of the groove of the other panel. , And the surfaces of the two seamed panels are slightly separated at the seaming point so that the sloped surface of the convex side edge slopes away from the adjacent sloped surface of the seamed concave side edge. Will

The tongue-and-groove panel of the present invention is significantly easier and faster to join the tongue and groove than the panel of Canadian Patent 914370. That is, in the present invention, the narrow tongue tip slides easily into the wide opening of the groove even when the panel swells or is slightly warped by moisture. On the other hand, in the tongue and groove structural panel disclosed in Canadian Patent No. 914370, the tongue and groove are formed with surfaces parallel to each other and the tongue is only slightly narrower than the width of the groove.
Therefore, if either the tongue or the groove expands or warps, inserting the tongue into the groove becomes very difficult or in some cases impossible. The present invention also provides a stronger tongue and groove joint than the joints of the Canadian patent. The reason will be described in the section on effects below.

The tongue-and-groove panels of the present invention are non-veneer homogeneous panels, ie, oriented or random strand boards, wafer boards, particle boards, etc. (ie, panels made of non-laminated, homogeneous material); Alternatively, it is formed using a plywood panel having a plurality of veneers. The oriented or random strandboards and waferboards described above consist primarily of wood wafers or strands of minimal controlled length, controlled thickness, variable or defined width, and waterproof and boil resistant. It is a structural panel joined by a binder. The oriented strand board consists of layers of aligned strands. The random strand board consists of completely randomly placed strands. The wafer board consists of completely randomly placed wafers. The particle board is a structural panel made of wood particles of various shapes, with uncontrolled particle size and generally smaller than those used in oriented strand boards and wafer boards, produced by binding with a binder. is there.

EXAMPLE Referring to FIG. 1, two panels 10, 11 are shown which are all similar. Each panel has a tongue 12 along one side edge and a groove 14 in the opposite side edge. In the illustrated embodiment, a plywood panel having a plurality of veneers is shown. The following description of various embodiments of the present invention refers to tongue and groove shapes used in such plywood panels. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the present invention is also applicable to non-veneer homogeneous boards such as oriented or random strand boards, wafer boards, particle boards and the like.

The tongue 12 has a triangular cross section and is formed along the edges of the plywood panel. When using plywood panels, the tongues are formed in a single layer of veneer as shown. Angled sloped surfaces 20, 22 are sloped above and below the tongue 12 away from the tongue 12 to intersect the top and bottom surfaces of the panel, making the side edges of the panel convex.

Groove 14 separates inwardly sloping surfaces 24, 25, and
It consists of a triangular depression cut along the side edge of the panel facing the twelve. If a plywood panel is used, the groove 14 is preferably formed in the veneer of one layer of the panel, similar to the tongue 12. The position of the groove, like the position of the tongue, is fixed by marking from the top of the panel, so
When the two panels are joined, the top surfaces of the two panels will be substantially flush. It is convenient to show the sides of the panel above and below to avoid the possibility of misassembly.

The panels of Figure 1 are joined as shown in Figure 2. Groove 14
Tongue 12 longer than the depth of, and the sloped surface of panel 11 sloped away from the sloped surfaces 24, 25 of the grooved side edges of panel 10.
When 20, 22 are combined, a gap is created between the upper veneers of the panels, allowing the panels to expand after joining. Tone 12
Since the angle between the two faces of is less than the crossing angle between the two faces of groove 14, a free space is left between the tongue and the groove,
Allow the tongue to expand.

The concave side edges provided by the beveled sides 24, 25 of the grooved side edges serve to guide and guide the tongue 12 into the groove 14.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which the bottom of the groove 14 and the tip of the tongue 12 are each formed into a flat surface.

Operation The tongue-and-groove panels of the present invention provide a bond that is resistant to internal stress created by moisture-induced expansion. The gap between the joining panels and the gap in the tongue 12 inserted in the groove 14 allow the expansion of the wood in the joint due to moisture without creating residual internal stresses which can lead to twisting of the joint. Forgive

The tongue and groove construction panels of the present invention provide a high strength bond.
The tongue tip 13 housed in the bottom 15 of the groove (where the bending moment applied to the groove is minimized) when a load is applied to the panels joined according to the invention.
Along, forces are transferred from panel to panel. As the load increases, the tongue 12 tends to bend across the beveled surface of the groove 14 with the load slightly moving. Due to the triangular section of the tongue 12 of progressively increasing thickness, the section modulus of the tongue section also increases as the arm of the moment applied to the tongue increases. This structure results in a gradual and most appropriate transfer of force at the joint and a high load transfer capability.

Effect When the present invention uses the tongue-and-groove structure panel, since the triangular tongue tends to be centered in the triangular groove, the fitting of the abutting edge of the panel is further improved as compared with the conventional seam joint. It will be easier.

Further, the tongue and groove construction panels of the present invention provide a high strength bond with high load carrying capacity.

That is, in the present invention, when a load is applied perpendicularly to the panel surface, the force is first transferred between the tongue and groove near the tip of the tongue and the bottom of the groove. As the load increases, the tongue bends and as the adjacent tongue contacts the groove surface, the load is gradually transferred over the tongue and groove.
This causes the force to be evenly distributed along the tongue surface as the panel is subjected to increasing loads. This is because the tongue will bend and come into contact with the adjacent groove surface as the load increases. Also, at the tongue panel attachment (where the bending moment applied by loading the tongue is maximal at this site), the tongue is relatively thick, and the groove wall thickness is It becomes thickest towards the bottom of the groove where the bending moment applied by applying a load to the groove is the highest.

In contrast to the above mechanism of the present invention where the load gradually shifts across the length of the tongue as the load increases, in the conjugate disclosed in Canadian Patent 914370, when a load is applied, From the very beginning of the load, the force is transferred between the tongue and groove along the entire length of the tongue and groove. As a result, the bending arm acting at the bottom of the groove or the bottom of the tongue is always equal to the total length of the groove or tongue,
Therefore, it is always the maximum. Also, the thickness of the groove wall at the bottom is
Much smaller than in the present invention.

The tongue of the present invention is stronger than the tongue disclosed in Canadian Patent 914370. This is because the tongue thickness of the present invention is much greater than that of the Canadian patent at the tongue base where the bending moment is maximized.

As mentioned above, the panel of the present invention is not limited to a plywood panel. In the case of plywood panels, they can be composed of layers or stacks of any thickness and any number of veneers. When using three or more plywood panels stacked,
And the groove 14 may span multiple veneer layers of plywood.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a pair of panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention formed from plywood panels with the tongue and groove separated prior to assembly. 2 shows the panel of FIG. 1 after assembly. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention using a flat tongue joint structure. 10, 11: Panel, 12: Tongue, 14: Groove, 20, 22: Inclined surface, 24, 2
5: Inclined surface, 30, 32: Flat surface

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A tongue-and-groove panel that includes tongues and grooves; the tongue having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of an essentially convex first panel side edge; The convex side edge is formed by a sloping surface sloping from the tongue to the upper and lower surfaces of the panel; the groove facing the convex side edge being an essentially concave second panel side. Consisting of a triangular recess formed in the rim; the concave side edge having the second
Inner sloping surfaces are formed along the recessed side edges that slope inwardly from the top and bottom surfaces of the panel side edges to the grooves, thereby forming a shallow essentially concave groove in the groove. Guiding and guiding the tongue; the tongue having a tip and the groove having a bottom so that when the two panels are seamed, the tip of the tongue at the side edge of the first panel Engages the bottom of the groove in the side edge of the second panel, and the surfaces of the two panels seamed together are such that the sloped surface of the convex side edge is of the adjacent concave side edge. A tongue-and-groove panel characterized by a slight separation at the joint to tilt away from the sloping surface. 2. The angle of intersection between two faces of the tongue of the triangular cross section is smaller than the angle of intersection between the two faces of the triangular groove. Net joint structure panel. 3. The tongue-and-groove structure panel according to claim 1, wherein the panel is a plywood panel formed from a plurality of veneers. 4. The tongue-and-groove panel of claim 3, wherein the tongue and groove are formed in one veneer layer of the plywood sheet and do not extend into adjacent layers. 5. The tongue-and-groove structural panel of claim 1, wherein the panel is a non-veneer homogeneous panel. 6. The tongue-and-groove structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the tongue is longer than the depth of the groove. 7. The tongue-and-groove panel of claim 1 wherein the tongue tips are flat and in a plane substantially perpendicular to the panel surface. 8. The bottom of the groove is flat and lies in a plane substantially perpendicular to the panel surface.
The tongue-and-groove panel described. 9. The tongue-and-groove panel of claim 1, wherein the panel is an oriented strand board panel.