JPH0663267B2 - Tooth device for earthmoving machine tools - Google Patents

Description

Description: The present invention relates to a toothing device for earthworking machine tools such as earthmoving machines, loaders, shovel machines, rotary dredging cutters and the like. Tooth devices for earthmoving machinery tools are subject to very severe wear, so divide them into an adapter that is more or less permanently fastened to the appliance and a quick-release removable adapter. It is customary to have replaceable tooth tips. The apexes are the areas exposed to the major share of wear and therefore must be replaced relatively often. Therefore, it is also usually designed to protect the adapter against wear as much as possible. In large wear piece devices, there are also various types of intermediate pieces between the apex and the adapter. In these designs it is immediately conceivable that the apex is divided into anterior and posterior parts.
The interconnection between the adapter and the apex is very often achieved by mutually matched male and female members formed in the apex and / or the adapter, respectively. At interconnection, the male member is thus threaded into the female member,
Moreover, their relative movement is constrained by constraining elements which are placed in a cross shape in the direction of the interconnection of the parts. Whether the male member is part of the adapter or tip is ideologically not really of interest. In order to ensure a minimum possible backlash between the male and female members, the male member is usually slightly wedge shaped and the inside of the female member is fitted to the same wedge shape. Furthermore, with respect to the main direction of the male member, it is common to match the interconnection direction of the parts, which in turn corresponds to the main operating direction of the tool. Thus, the male and female members are engaged as soon as the tool is engaged during earthmoving,
They will be pressed against each other in order to make a loose fit. This arrangement, however, has the disadvantage that the already mentioned restraining element has to absorb all the extraction forces acting on the tip when the tool is pulled back through the worked soil. The extraction force may be of considerable magnitude and may also be of the extremely frequent regenerating type. Therefore, when the modified wear parts device was introduced to the market, at the same time there was a tendency to introduce progressively more stiff restraint elements.

The object of the present invention is a new worn part device, in which part of the extraction force exerted on the interconnections between the parts of the device is such that between the male and female parts of the parts without the use of restraining elements as intermediate pieces. To introduce what will be directly transferred to.

This is achieved by the special geometry of the tooth system based on a modification of the prior art, whereby the adapter is formed by a truncated wedge male member projecting in the main operating direction of the tool, The pointed tip is a correspondingly formed female member, a restraining seat running across the male member and the interconnected components, with a restraining element fitted therein to prevent relative movement of the components. Intended to be threaded over what is being done.

The special geometry, which is a distinguishing feature of the tooth device according to the invention, is that the various contact surfaces between the apex and the adapter are laid against each other and how Are angled with respect to each other and the expected main direction of operation of the tool.

The contact surfaces formed in the adapter which, when fitted, interact with the corresponding contact surface in the tooth engagement so as to set the angle with respect to the main operating direction of the tool and their mutual position along the adapter. It gives a truly free play of the tool tip, and the angle setting of the contact surface ensures that the working force acting on the tooth tip brings the parts together and even makes a better contact with each other. The force is applied at the same time as the firming, while the extraction force acting on the apex is distributed to the opposite sides of the adapter, in part due to the angular setting of the same contact surface, and in part to one of them. Along the side, where the part of the extraction force is transmitted in a conventional manner by means of a restraining element as an intermediate part, and in part is distributed along the other side of the holder, where the extraction force Part of the tooth tip Through the contact surface of the jar adapter,
It is transmitted from the tooth tip to the adapter. This is because the contact surface is inclined along this side of the adapter with respect to the main operating direction of the tool, but away from this direction.

The mutual position of the contact surfaces with respect to each other also provides the apex with a strong overhang behind the restraining element. This overhang makes it possible for the apexes to oppose a very great destructive force.

More particularly, the tooth device according to the invention is an adapter,
Its truncated wedge-shaped male member is inclined with respect to the main operating direction of the tool, but exhibits the first wide side facing this direction, the male organ is the second wide side, It can also be said that this also includes being inclined with respect to the main operating direction of the tool, but being restricted in the opposite direction by the one facing that direction. The female member, in turn, presents opposing first and second wide sides adapted to the sides at the bottom of the male member. The wide sides of each of the male and female members are joined to the sides by helicopter sides that are fitted together. The male member further exhibits a third contact surface facing towards the apex, which is parallel to its own second wide side, but on the same side of the male member as the first wide side. Placed in the same direction as this first wide side,
That is, it faces diagonally forward in the main operating direction of the tool. The female member of course exhibits a third contact surface adapted to this third contact plane, which thus faces in the opposite direction. The portion of the restraint seat formed in the male member is located between the wide side of the male member and the third contact surface. The second portion of the restraint seat is formed within the female member. In the male member, the restraint seat forms a step between its third wide side and its third contact surface at a slightly lower level, so that step is
Form a restraint surface or restraint helicopter that is away from the main operating direction of the tool. Also within the male member is a fourth contact surface towards the female member. This fourth contact surface is formed in the adapter flush with the base of the male member, where it forms an indicated angle to the third contact surface which extends in the main operating direction of the tool. These third and fourth contact surfaces are suitably placed opposite each other.

The tooth device according to the invention, of course, also has the addition that the point of the tip is adapted to the male tube and the third contact surface of the adapter, respectively on the first and second wide sides of itself and on the heli side. And displaying a fourth contact surface adapted to the fourth contact surface of the adapter. The third and fourth contact surfaces of the tooth tip are formed in an overhang partially formed behind the female member in the main operating direction of the tool, in which a restraint seat adapted to the restraining member is provided. The tooth tip part of
Forming a step or constraining surface running across the apex between the first wide side of the female member and its third contact surface located at a lower level, and The fourth contact surface of the apex is located on the opposite side of the overhang, i.e. on its top side.

On many occasions, the third and fourth contact areas are divided into two parts by means of a cam placed in either part, a tooth tip or an adapter, and a recess provided in the corresponding part. It may be appropriate to split into. The overhang of the apex also extends the side helicopter of the apex to the posterior end of the overhang, and creates a gap in the side helicopter above the level with the restraining helicopters described above, while simultaneously providing for It can also be mated advantageously with a stop helicopter.

The overall length of the male member and the length of the second wide side of the female member will now be adapted so that the method described below can be utilized for the bi-joint connection of two mated parts.

First, the parts are angled relative to each other more than corresponding to the difference between the main operating direction of the parts and the interconnection direction. The interconnection direction of the parts is defined as the direction along which the male and female members are pushed together to provide intimate contact between the parts. The interlocking direction of the tooth device in the geometry according to the invention matches the angle setting of the second wide side with respect to the expected main operating direction of the tool and the third contact surface of the apex and the adapter respectively. To do. In the aforementioned first angled position, the parts (the apex and the adapter) are pushed together farther until the constraining helix of the female member or the apex reaches the constraining helicopter in the male member. From there, the angle between the parts is reduced so that the third contact surface of the tooth apex is angled down to rest against the third contact surface of the male member. To be able to perform this operation, the male member must not be too long, and thus the second wide side of the female member, which lies face-to-face with the third contact surface of the tooth tip, is Do not extend further in the interconnection direction rearward than the same height as the restraining surface. When the parts are now angled towards each other, they can be pushed together in the interconnection direction, resulting in a close contact between the male and female members, after which the restraint material is placed between the parts. Inserted and restrain their relative movement.

The tooth device according to the invention is defined in the appended claims and will now be described in more detail with reference to the preferred embodiments depicted in the accompanying drawings.

Similar parts are identified by the same reference numbers in different figures.

The tooth device according to the invention thus consists of two parts in the form of a tooth tip 1 and an adapter 2. The design of the rear part of the adapter follows the appearance of the tool to which the adapter is intended to be welded. This design is in perfect agreement with known techniques and is therefore not included in the drawing.

The main operating direction of the tool in which the illustrated tooth device is intended to be included is indicated by the arrow A.

The adapter 2 is a wedge-shaped male member 3, which is truncated at its outer end and projects forward in the main operating direction A.

The male member 3 has a first wide side portion 4 facing upwards in the figure.
And the second wide side 5 facing downwards, and further, the facing helicopter sides 6 and 7 joining these wide sides. The sides of those helicopters also
They run together to form a truncated wedge towards the outer end of the male member. The male member ends in the main operating direction A with a leading heli surface 8.

The tooth tip 1 is instead a female member 9 which is adapted to the male organ and which extends from the main working direction, the first upper wide side
10 and a second wide side 11 facing each other and two helicopter sides 12 and 13 facing each other. The female member 9 terminates appropriately with a soft recess 14 in the main operating direction, which is large enough to prevent the helicopter surface 8 of the male member from reaching the bottom in the female member. There is.

Contact between the male and female members occurs in addition to along the helicopter side and the apex of the adapter as previously described.

Now included in the present invention, one wide side of the male member, in this case the first wide side 4, is angled with respect to the main operating direction A and faces this direction. On the other hand, the second wide flank 5 is also angled with respect to the main operating direction, but is also disoriented from this direction. Since the corresponding wide sides of the female member are stationary with respect to the male member along the first and second wide sides, the portion of the extraction force acting on the apex of the tooth is oblique to the main operating direction A. Transmission is directly between the second wide side 11 of the female member facing the front side and the wide side 5 of the male member facing obliquely outward from the main operating direction. In the example shown, the angle between the main working direction A and the first wide side of each male and female member is 158 °, and the main working direction and the second wide side of each male and female member are The angle between the parts is 170 °. The wedge shape of each of the male and female members is 12 °.

The part of the extraction force acting on the apex is thus transmitted directly to the adapter 2 between the second wide sides 11 and 5. The rest of the extraction force is transferred in a conventional manner with the restraining material 15 as an intermediate piece between the facing restraining surfaces formed in the male and female members extending the length of the part. It From there, the apical restraining surface is turned forward in the main operating direction, while the restraining surface 17 of the adapter is turned off from that direction.

Also within the toothing device according to the invention, the male member is divided into two contact surfaces 18, 19 which are placed adjacent to each other apart from the previously mentioned contact surfaces which are adapted to the female member. Presents a third contact surface which is parallel to the second wide side, but which is turned in the same direction as the first wide side 4 of it, and where it is restrained. The part formed in the male member for the restraining seat required for the working element 15 is its restraining helicopter, which is distant from the main operating direction A, and is the first wide side of the male member. , The third contact surface 1 placed at a lower level corresponding to the height of the restraining helicopter 1
It forms a stage with 8,19. In the adapter,
There is also a fourth contact surface, which can also be divided into two partial surfaces 20,21, and which is opposite the third contact surface, said third contact surface 18,19. , Forming an acute angle that extends forward in the main operating direction. The third and fourth contact surfaces are suitably placed opposite each other in the adapter on the bottom level of the male member. Further, as included in the present invention, the tooth tip, in addition to the contact surface described above,
Shows its own third and fourth contact surfaces 22,23 (22 not shown) and 24,25 (24 not shown), respectively, which fit into the third and fourth contact surfaces of the adapter Has been done. These third and fourth contact surfaces of the tooth tip are refined in the main operating direction A in the overhang formed after the female member, so that the tooth tip portion of the restraint seat fitted to the restraining element is With its constraining surface 16, the first wide side of the female member
Forming a step between 10 and the third contact surface 22, 23 of the tooth tip located at a lower level.

The fourth contact surfaces 24, 25 of the tooth tip 1 are located on the top side of the overhang. On the fourth contact surface are stop halves 27, 28 which interact with each other in the apex and the adapter.

Dividing the third and fourth contact surfaces into two parts is accomplished with a cam formed in the adapter and a corresponding recess in the apex. As shown in FIG. 2, the overhang forms two protrusions on which the third and fourth contact surfaces of the apex are formed.

The tip is provided with an anterior depression 31 for self-sharpening the tip.

The apical side helices 12,13 are formed in the walls 32,33 which extend in a gentle curve from the posterior helicopter second wide side of the apex to the overhanging posterior helicopter. Since the openings 34, 35 for the restraining element 15 are provided in these walls,
The restraint element may be introduced between the restraint helicopters 16 and 17. The restraining elements 15 consist of steel wedges, but can be held in place by one or another separate restraining member of the type known per se.

The interconnection between the apex and the adapter is apparent from Figures 3 to 5. Initially, the apex is heavily beveled so that the overhanging third contact surface 22,23 runs over the first wide side of the male member (FIG. 3). The parts are then brought together in this direction so that the constraining surfaces 16 and 17 pass through each other (fourth
(Fig.) The tip is then dropped into the position shown in FIG. 5, after which the part is moved along the direction defined by the second wide sides of the male and female members, respectively, into the holder and the tip. Pressed together by the third contact surface of the. This direction could be called the interconnection direction of the parts.

When the parts are pushed together, the wedge is partially in between the wide sides of the male and female members and the heli side, and in part between the overhang and the third and fourth contact surfaces of the adapter. The effect is obtained. When the parts are pushed together completely, their position relative to each other is constrained by the insertion of the constraining members into position.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a side projection of a tooth device according to the invention. FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the parts of the tooth device in the unconnected state. FIGS. 3 to 5 show in partial cross-section along the line III-III in FIG. 2 how the interconnection between the tooth and the adapter according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is achieved. ing. FIG. 6 also shows a tilted projection of the restraining material.

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A tooth device for earthmoving machinery tools, such as earthmoving machines, loader buckets, rotary dredging cutters, etc., one comprising an adapter (2) mounted on the tool, the other being It comprises two interchangeable parts (1, 2) consisting of replaceable tooth tips (1) removably attached to an adapter, said adapter (2) being in the main working direction (A) of the tool. And presents a truncated wedge male member (3) projecting towards its outer end, the male members being distant from each other and converging towards the outer end of the male member. Wide side parts (4,5), both sides of the helicopter connecting the wide side parts (6, 7), and the front helicopter facing forward in the main operating direction of the tool. Bounded by the surface (8) and, on the other hand, protruding in the main working direction (A) of the tool, The apex (1) that can be interconnected in the connected state with the adaptor (2) shows a female member (9) adapted to the male member (3), which female member (9) is the first member. And the wide side (10,11) and the helicopter side (12,13) facing each other so as to contact the second wide side (4,5) and the helicopter side (6,7). , And the relative movement of the parts (1, 2) once they are brought together, partly formed in the adapter (2) and partly formed in the apex (1) Restrained by inserting the restraint element (15) in the restraint seat,
When the restraint seats are interconnected, the restraint seats extend across the length of the restraint seats, and the restraint element (15) mounted on the restraint seats includes an adapter (2) and a tooth tip (1). In a tooth device for earthmoving machine tools adapted to bridge between facing constraining surfaces (16,17) respectively formed therein, the first wide side (4) of the male member is the main part of the tool. Inclined to the direction of operation (A) but facing towards this direction (A), while on the other hand the second wide side (5) of the male member
Is also inclined with respect to the main operating direction (A), but stays away from this direction (A), and the adapter (2)
In addition to the first and second wide sides (4,5) of the male member (3) and the helicopter sides (6,7) which combine them into one, the apex (1 ) Facing at least one third contact surface (18, 19) which is parallel to the second wide side (5) of the male member (3). However, the part of the restraint seat facing the same side as the first wide side part (4) and formed in the adapter (2) with respect to the restraint element (15) is the adapter ( 2) running across and revealing a restraining surface or restraining helicopter (17) that is distant from the main operating direction (A) of the tool, this restraining helicopter being the first wide side of the male member Forming a step between the part (4) and the third contact surface (18,19) of the adapter which is placed at a lower level, towards the third contact surface (18,19) The fourth to face Contact surface (20,21)
Is formed in the adapter on the base level of the male member, and this fourth contact surface (20, 21) extends in the main working direction (A) of the tool and extends over the third contact surface (18, 19). ) To form a sharp angle with the tip (1) of the male member (3) on the wide side (4,
5) and the corresponding wide side of the female member (9) adapted to the helicopter side (6, 7) and the helicopter side (10-13), as well as the third and third of the adapter (2). Four contact surfaces (1 each
8, 19 and 20, 21) and also represented by third and fourth contact surfaces (22, 23 and 24, 25 respectively), these third and fourth contact surfaces of the tool Of the restraining seat which is formed at the apex (1) in the overhang formed after the female member when viewed in the main operating direction (A) and which is fitted to the restraining element (15) of the apex (1). The portion presents a constraining surface (16) running across the apex of the tooth, the constraining surface being in contact with the first wide side (10) of the female member and its third contact at a lower level. Forming a step with the surface (22,23) such that the fourth contact surface (24,25) of the tip (1) is located on the opposite side of the overhang A tooth device for earthmoving machinery tools characterized by. 2. A third and a fourth contact surface between the adapter (2) and the tooth tip (1) are each in one part a cam () running along the center plane of the adapter-tooth device. 29)
The earthwork according to claim 1, characterized in that it is divided into two contact planes by a recess (30) in the other part which is fitted to the surface of the cam. Tooth device for machine tools. 3. The second wide side (11) of the female member (9) facing the main working direction (A) of the tool in a state where the parts are interconnected is provided with a main working direction (A) of the tool. ) To the rear, from the front part of the male member to the level of the male member restraining helicopter (17) being in contact with the second wide side (5) of the male member, while on the other hand on each side of the female member. From this position the helicopter extends in the shape of a wall in a gentle curve to the rear helicopter overhanging in the main operating direction of the tool, which wall extends to the level of the restraining seat on the restraining element (15). 3. Teeth device for earthmoving machine tools according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it exhibits adapted openings. 4. The apical tip (1) and the adapter (2) connected to each other have an interacting stop helicopter (27, 28) provided in direct connection with the fourth contact surface. A tooth device for an earthworking machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is shown. 5. The first wide side (4) of the male member forms an angle of 158 ° with the main working direction (A) of the tool, while the third contact surface (18, 18) of the male member. Claim 19), characterized in that 19) forms an angle of 170 ° with said direction, while the fourth contact surface of the male member is parallel to said direction. A tooth device for an earthworking machine tool as described in Kaichi.