JPH066309B2 - Injection molding method and apparatus - Google Patents
Injection molding method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH066309B2 JPH066309B2 JP1062196A JP6219689A JPH066309B2 JP H066309 B2 JPH066309 B2 JP H066309B2 JP 1062196 A JP1062196 A JP 1062196A JP 6219689 A JP6219689 A JP 6219689A JP H066309 B2 JPH066309 B2 JP H066309B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- molding
- resonance
- injection molding
- movable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
- B29C45/56—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using mould parts movable during or after injection, e.g. injection-compression moulding
- B29C45/568—Applying vibrations to the mould parts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、高分子材料等の成形材料の射出成形に際し、
物性が高く、かつ外観性の良好な成形品を成形できるよ
うにした射出成形方法とその装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to injection molding of a molding material such as a polymer material.
The present invention relates to an injection molding method and apparatus capable of molding a molded product having high physical properties and good appearance.
［従来の技術］ 従来の射出成形方法は、生産性が高いという大きな利点
を有することから、熱可塑性樹脂あるいは熱可塑性樹脂
を主たる組成物とした材料からなる製品の成形に広く使
用されている。[Prior Art] The conventional injection molding method has a great advantage of high productivity, and is therefore widely used for molding a product made of a thermoplastic resin or a material containing a thermoplastic resin as a main composition.
ところで、近年、熱可塑性樹脂の物性研究の進展によ
り、成形品の剛性，耐熱性および耐薬品性は、その材料
（熱可塑性樹脂）の分子量によって大きく左右されるこ
とが知られているようになってきた。By the way, in recent years, it has become known that the rigidity, heat resistance, and chemical resistance of a molded product are greatly influenced by the molecular weight of the material (thermoplastic resin) due to the progress of research on the physical properties of the thermoplastic resin. Came.
しかしながら、従来の射出成形方法において成形できる
熱可塑性樹脂の分子量はそれ程大きくなく、一般にフィ
ルムグレードとして製品化されているものより分子量は
小さい。したがって、成形品における剛性，耐熱性，耐
薬品性の物性が劣るという問題を生じる場合があった。However, the molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin that can be molded by the conventional injection molding method is not so large, and the molecular weight is generally smaller than that of those commercialized as film grade. Therefore, there may be a problem that the molded article is inferior in rigidity, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.
そこで、物性を高める観点から、射出成形時における樹
脂の流動性を良くして、成形品を構成する樹脂の分子量
を大きくしようとする成形法が考えられるようになり、
今までにいくつかの提案がなされている。例えば、特公
昭57-2088で提案されている金型のゲート部分に超音波
振動を付与する方法、あるいは特開昭61-44616号で提案
されている金型表面を高周波により誘導加熱する方法な
どがある。Therefore, from the viewpoint of enhancing the physical properties, a molding method has been conceived in which the fluidity of the resin at the time of injection molding is improved to increase the molecular weight of the resin constituting the molded article,
Some suggestions have been made so far. For example, a method of applying ultrasonic vibration to the gate part of the mold proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-2088, or a method of induction heating the mold surface by high frequency proposed in JP-A-61-44616. There is.
一方、高分子材料を射出成形に用いた場合、高分子材料
は加熱された状態で金型に充填される。このため、加熱
時に熱膨張し、金型の中で冷却される際に収縮するの
で、金型のキャビティ寸法よりも小さい成形品しか得ら
れなかった。On the other hand, when the polymer material is used for injection molding, the polymer material is filled in the mold while being heated. For this reason, it thermally expands during heating and contracts when cooled in the mold, so that only a molded product smaller than the cavity size of the mold can be obtained.
そこで、成形品の寸法精度を向上させる観点から、金型
に充填された材料の収縮を少なくするため、いくつかの
提案がなされている。例えば、射出圧力を著しく高く
し、、かつ型締め力も同様に高くすることにより、材料
の温度を低くして成形する方法、あるいは、特開昭58-1
34722号で提案されているような、キャビティを超音波
振動用のホーンで構成し、材料がキャビティ内に注入さ
れ、冷却される過程での材料温度の不均一性を大幅に減
少しようとする方法等がある。Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the dimensional accuracy of the molded product, some proposals have been made to reduce the shrinkage of the material filled in the mold. For example, a method of molding by lowering the temperature of the material by remarkably increasing the injection pressure and also increasing the mold clamping force, or JP-A-58-1.
A method of constructing a cavity with a horn for ultrasonic vibration, as proposed in 34722, in order to significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the material temperature during the process in which the material is injected into the cavity and cooled. Etc.
［解決すべき課題］ しかし、上述した従来の成形方法には次のような問題が
あった。[Problems to be Solved] However, the conventional molding method described above has the following problems.
すなわち、特公昭57-2088号，特開昭58-134722号で提案
されている技術は、金型の構造が非常に複雑になるとと
もに、超音波振動により金型自体および装置の他の部分
に悪影響を与えるという問題があり、さらに材料とホー
ンが直接接触する構造となっているため、ホーンや振動
発生部に大きな負荷がかかり、材料に超音波振動を十分
付与できないという問題があった。That is, the techniques proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-2088 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-134722 make the structure of the mold very complicated, and the ultrasonic vibration causes the mold itself and other parts of the device to be damaged. There is a problem that the material is adversely affected, and since the material and the horn are in direct contact with each other, a large load is applied to the horn and the vibration generating part, and there is a problem that ultrasonic vibration cannot be sufficiently applied to the material.
また、特開昭61-44616号で提案されている技術は、実験
の結果、金型表面を加熱しても樹脂の流動性は期待する
程向上しないことが判明した。Further, as a result of experiments, it was found that the fluidity of the resin does not improve as expected even if the surface of the mold is heated, according to the technique proposed in JP-A-61-144616.
さらに、射出圧力を著しく高くし、かつ型締め力も同様
に高くすることにより、材料の型締め温度を低くして成
長する方法は、成形品に歪が生じ、製品として使用する
際に変形しやすいという問題があった。Furthermore, the method of growing by lowering the mold clamping temperature of the material by significantly increasing the injection pressure and also increasing the mold clamping force also causes distortion in the molded product, which easily deforms when used as a product. There was a problem.
本発明は上記の問題点にかんがみてなされたものであ
り、 第一発明は、単に超音波振動を金型に付与するだけでな
く、金型を共振させることにより材料の流動性を飛躍的
に向上させるとともに、超音波振動が金型外へ伝達する
のを防止する射出成形方法の提供を目的とし、 さらには、超音波共振体に接触する成形材料が、節部に
引き寄せられるという超音波の応力効果（共振の節部）
を利用することにより、射出圧力のみで成形材料をキャ
ビティに圧入する場合に比べ、寸法収縮のきわめて小さ
い成形品を得ることのできる射出成形方法の提供を目的
としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the first invention is to not only apply ultrasonic vibration to a mold but also to resonate the mold to dramatically improve the fluidity of a material. With the aim of providing an injection molding method that improves the ultrasonic vibration and prevents the ultrasonic vibration from being transmitted to the outside of the mold, further, the molding material that comes into contact with the ultrasonic resonator is attracted to the nodes. Stress effect (node of resonance)
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection molding method capable of obtaining a molded product with extremely small dimensional shrinkage as compared with the case where the molding material is pressed into the cavity only by injection pressure.
さらに第二発明は、上記方法を円滑に実施できるように
するとともに、装置構成上も無理のない射出成形装置の
提供を目的とする。A second object of the present invention is to provide an injection molding apparatus that enables the above method to be carried out smoothly and has a reasonable apparatus configuration.
［課題の解決手段］ 上記目的を達成するため、第一発明の射出成形方法は、
成形機からの成形材料を金型のスプルーを介して金型の
キャビティに供給し、射出成形する方法において、固定
側金型と可動側金型とからなる金型を、その金型内にｎ
波長分の共振波形が含まれるようにして、超音波によっ
てｎ波長共振（ｎ＝１／２ｍ，ｍ：正の整数）させ、か
つ、その超音波による共振の節部が固定側金型および可
動側金型を保持する部分の位置と一致するように、金型
を共振させつつ成形を行なう方法としてある。そして好
ましい態様としては、超音波の振動効果で、注入される
材料と金型壁面との接触抵抗を最も効率よく低減させる
ために、超音波による共振の腹部が、金型のキャビティ
の位置と一致するよう共振させる方法としてある。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the injection molding method of the first invention is
In a method of supplying a molding material from a molding machine to a cavity of a mold through a mold sprue and performing injection molding, a mold including a fixed side mold and a movable side mold is provided in the mold.
Resonance waveforms for wavelengths are included so that ultrasonic waves cause n-wavelength resonance (n = 1/2 m, m: positive integer), and the nodes of resonance caused by the ultrasonic waves are fixed side mold and movable. There is a method of performing molding while resonating the mold so as to match the position of the portion holding the side mold. And in a preferable mode, in order to most effectively reduce the contact resistance between the injected material and the mold wall surface by the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves, the abdomen of the ultrasonic resonance coincides with the position of the cavity of the mold. This is a method of causing resonance.
また、他の好ましい態様としては、超音波の応力効果
（共振の節部）で、成形品の寸法収縮を抑え、寸法精度
を向上させるために、超音波による共振の節部が、金型
のキャビティの位置と一致するよう共振させる方法とし
てある。In another preferred mode, the ultrasonic resonance effect (resonance node) suppresses the dimensional shrinkage of the molded product and improves the dimensional accuracy. This is a method of causing resonance so as to match the position of the cavity.
さらに第二発明の射出成形装置は、成形機からの成形材
料を金型のスプルーを介して金型のキャビティに供給
し、射出成形を行なう装置において、その金型が、スプ
ルーが形成された固定側金型と固定側金型との接触面に
キャビティが形成された可動側金型とからなり、その固
定側金型と可動側金型が固定治具によって、その固定治
具と線接触の状態で保持されるとともに、可動側金型の
キャビティが形成された面と反対側の面に、金型内にｎ
波長分の共振波長が含まれるようにして、超音波により
ｎ波長共振（ｎ＝１／２ｍ，ｍ：正の整数）させる超音
波振動子を結合してなる構造としてある。Furthermore, the injection molding apparatus of the second invention supplies the molding material from the molding machine to the cavity of the mold via the sprue of the mold, and in the apparatus for injection molding, the mold is fixed with the sprue formed. It consists of a movable side mold with a cavity formed on the contact surface between the side mold and the fixed side mold, and the fixed side mold and the movable side mold are in line contact with the fixing jig by a fixing jig. The mold is held in this state, and the surface of the movable mold opposite to the surface on which the cavity is formed is
The structure has a structure in which ultrasonic transducers are coupled so that resonance wavelengths corresponding to the wavelengths are included to cause n-wavelength resonance (n = 1/2 m, m: positive integer) by ultrasonic waves.
［実施例］ 以下、上記解決手段の具体例について説明する。[Examples] Specific examples of the above-described solving means will be described below.
まず、射出成形装置の一具体例を、第１図にもとづいて
説明する。First, a specific example of the injection molding apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
同図において、１は金型であり、可動側金型２と固定側
金型３に分割されている。そして、可動側金型２の固定
側金型３との接触面にはキャビティ２ａが、また、キャ
ビティ２ａと対応する固定側金型３の位置にはスプルー
３ａが設けてある。金型１には、金属，セラミックス，
グラファイト等を用いることができるが、超音波の伝達
損失が少なく、また超音波振動の振幅を大きくしても疲
労の少ない材質、例えばチタン合金，ジュラルミン等を
用いることが好ましい。In the figure, 1 is a mold, which is divided into a movable mold 2 and a fixed mold 3. A cavity 2a is provided on the contact surface of the movable side mold 2 with the fixed side mold 3, and a sprue 3a is provided at the position of the fixed side mold 3 corresponding to the cavity 2a. Mold 1, metal, ceramics,
Although graphite or the like can be used, it is preferable to use a material such as titanium alloy or duralumin, which has a small ultrasonic wave transmission loss and a small amount of fatigue even when the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration is increased.
また、金型１の表面にはメッキや、しぼ加工等の処理を
行なってもよい。さらに、金型１は三個以上に分割する
ことも可能であるが、その際分割面は、超音波振動の伝
達を良くするために、可能な限り、超音波による共振の
腹部の近くに位置させることが好ましい。Further, the surface of the mold 1 may be subjected to treatment such as plating or graining. Further, the mold 1 can be divided into three or more pieces, in which case the dividing surface is located as close to the abdomen of ultrasonic resonance as possible in order to improve transmission of ultrasonic vibration. Preferably.
その他、金型の温調，成形品の突出し方法については、
公知の方法を用いることができるが、金型温調用媒体を
金型に導入し、あるいは排出するために金型に取り付け
られるジョイントは、節部の近くに取り付けることが好
ましい。また、突出しピンを金型に設ける場合には、突
出しピンとそれを通す穴とのクリアランスを、突出し前
の状態における節部の位置で最小値とすることが好まし
い。In addition, regarding the temperature control of the mold and the protruding method of the molded product,
Although a known method can be used, it is preferable that a joint attached to the mold for introducing or discharging the mold temperature control medium into the mold is attached near the joint. Further, when the protruding pin is provided on the mold, it is preferable that the clearance between the protruding pin and the hole through which the protruding pin is set is a minimum value at the position of the node portion before the protruding.
４は成形機（図示せず）のノズルであり、スプルー３ａ
を介してキャビティ２ａに成形材料を射出供給する。ス
プルー３ａのノズル４との接触面は、固定側金型３にお
ける超音波振動（変位波形）のほぼ節部（後述）に位置
するようにしてある。4 is a nozzle of a molding machine (not shown), which is a sprue 3a.
The molding material is injected and supplied to the cavity 2a via the. The contact surface of the sprue 3a with the nozzle 4 is positioned substantially at the node (described later) of the ultrasonic vibration (displacement waveform) in the stationary mold 3.
５は第一保持部材（型締め部材）で、シリンダ６により
進退可能に支持されており、その先部には固定治具をな
す固定板７が取り付けてある。この固定板７は、可動側
金型２のほぼ中央の外周を保持している。固定板７によ
る可動側金型２の保持は、可動側金型２の外周に溝２ｂ
を設け、この溝２ｂに、固定板７の先細りになった先端
７ａを当接させることにより行なっている。したがっ
て、この場合の固定板７による可動側金型２の保持は、
線接触による保持状態となり、可動側金型２と固定板７
の接触面積はきわめて小さくなる。これにより、金型の
振動の外部流出を最小限に抑えることができる。Reference numeral 5 is a first holding member (clamping member), which is supported by a cylinder 6 so as to be able to move forward and backward, and a fixing plate 7 serving as a fixing jig is attached to the tip thereof. The fixed plate 7 holds the outer periphery of the movable-side mold 2 in the approximate center. The movable plate 2 is held by the fixed plate 7 in the groove 2b on the outer periphery of the movable plate 2.
Is provided, and the tapered tip 7a of the fixed plate 7 is brought into contact with this groove 2b. Therefore, in this case, the movable plate 2 is held by the fixed plate 7 as follows.
Holds by line contact, and the movable mold 2 and the fixed plate 7
The contact area of is extremely small. Thereby, the outflow of vibration of the mold can be minimized.
８は第二保持部材で、シリンダ６の外側に固定されてお
り、その先部には固定治具をなす固定板９が取り付けて
ある。この固定板９は固定側金型３のほぼ中央の外周を
保持しており、この場合の保持も、可動側金型２の保持
と同様、固定側金型３の振動の外部流出を抑えるため、
固定側金型３の溝３ｂと固定板９の先細り状の先端９ａ
の当接による線接触による保持状態としてある。A second holding member 8 is fixed to the outside of the cylinder 6, and a fixing plate 9 serving as a fixing jig is attached to the tip of the second holding member. This fixed plate 9 holds the outer periphery of the fixed-side mold 3 at substantially the center thereof, and in this case as well, in order to suppress the outflow of vibration of the fixed-side mold 3 as well as the holding of the movable-side mold 2. ,
Groove 3b of fixed side mold 3 and tapered tip 9a of fixed plate 9
It is in the holding state by the line contact by the contact of.
金型１の保持方法としては、この実施例のように、超音
波による共振の節部を、できるだけ接触面積の小さい保
持部材を用いて保持することが好ましい。As a method of holding the mold 1, as in this embodiment, it is preferable to hold the nodes that resonate with ultrasonic waves using a holding member having a contact area as small as possible.
１０は振動子であり、可動側金型２のキャビティ２ａと
反対側の金型面にその先端部を当接し、ねじ等の取付け
部材１１によって結合してある。１２は超音波発振器
で、振動子１０に超音波振動を発生させ、金型１（可動
側金型２，固定側金型３）を励振し共振させる。Reference numeral 10 denotes a vibrator, the tip of which is brought into contact with the mold surface of the movable mold 2 on the side opposite to the cavity 2a, and is joined by a mounting member 11 such as a screw. An ultrasonic oscillator 12 generates ultrasonic vibrations in the vibrator 10 to excite and resonate the mold 1 (the movable mold 2, the fixed mold 3).
この共振周波数は、あらかじめ超音波発振器の追尾可能
な周波数に設計，製作されているので、成形機のノズル
４をスプルー３ａに圧接させ、成形材料をスプルー３ａ
を介してキャビティ２ａに供給する場合の刻々の負荷変
動に対しての共振周波数の変化に対し常に追尾を行な
い、また、必要電力の供給も刻々の変化に応じて必要量
（最大出力以下）を供給するように設定されている。This resonance frequency is designed and manufactured in advance so that it can be tracked by the ultrasonic oscillator, so that the nozzle 4 of the molding machine is pressed against the sprue 3a and the molding material is sprued 3a.
It constantly tracks changes in the resonance frequency with respect to momentary load fluctuations when it is supplied to the cavity 2a via the power supply, and also supplies the necessary power (the maximum output or less) according to the momentary changes. It is set to supply.
次に、上記射出成形装置を用いて行なう、射出成形方法
の第一発明の具体例について説明する。Next, a specific example of the first invention of the injection molding method performed by using the above injection molding apparatus will be described.
図示せざる成形機のノズル４を固定側金型３のスプルー
３ａに圧接し、このスプルー３ａを介してキャビティ２
ａに成形材料を射出し成形を行なうとともに、超音波発
振器１２により、振動子１０に超音波振動を発生させる
ことによって金型１をｎ波長共振させる。超音波振動を
発生させる時期は、目的とする効果に応じて選ぶことが
できる。A nozzle 4 of a molding machine (not shown) is brought into pressure contact with a sprue 3a of a stationary mold 3, and the cavity 2 is inserted through the sprue 3a.
A molding material is injected into a and molding is performed, and ultrasonic vibration is generated in the vibrator 10 by the ultrasonic oscillator 12, so that the mold 1 resonates for n wavelengths. The time when ultrasonic vibration is generated can be selected according to the desired effect.
このときの振動周波数は１KHZ〜１０MHZとし、成形時の
材料に超音波をきわめて有効に作用させるためには、１
０KHZ〜１００KHZの周波数とする。超音波振動の振福
は、大きいほうがその効果を十分発揮できるが、金型１
の材質の疲労度に合わせて設定することが好ましい。Vibration frequency at this time is set to 1KH Z ~10MH Z, in order to act ultrasound very effectively the material during molding, 1
The frequency of 0KH Z ~100KH Z. The greater the vibration of ultrasonic vibration, the more effective it is.
It is preferable to set it according to the degree of fatigue of the material.
また、ｎ波長共振におけるｎは、ｍ／２（ｍは正の整
数）であるが（第２図）、金型固定部やノズルの接触部
に共振の節部（変位波形の交差する部分で、振動してな
い点）を一致させるためには、なるべく節部の数の少な
いｎ＜３とすることが好ましい。Further, n in the n-wavelength resonance is m / 2 (m is a positive integer) (FIG. 2), but the resonance node (at the intersection of the displacement waveforms) is present at the contact part of the mold fixing part and the nozzle. In order to match the points which do not vibrate, it is preferable that n <3, which has as few nodes as possible.
さらに、ｎ＜３の場合においても、共振の腹部（変位
波形の最も離れる部分で、一番強く振動している点）
が、キャビティ２ａと一致し、超音波の振動効果を最大
限有効利用できるように共振させる。このようにする
と、成形材料の流れが良好となる。Furthermore, even in the case of n <3, the abdomen of resonance (the point at which the displacement waveform is farthest away is the strongest vibration)
However, it is in agreement with the cavity 2a and resonates so that the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves can be utilized to the maximum extent. By doing so, the flow of the molding material becomes good.
次に、請求項３に記載の射出成形方法の具体例について
説明する。Next, a specific example of the injection molding method according to claim 3 will be described.
この射出成形方法が、上述の射出成形方法と異なる点
は、キャビティ２を超音波による共振の節部に一致させ
た点である。このようにすると、超音波の応力効果によ
り、成形品の寸法収縮は著しく小さくなる。This injection molding method differs from the above-mentioned injection molding method in that the cavity 2 is made to coincide with the node of resonance by ultrasonic waves. In this case, the dimensional shrinkage of the molded product is significantly reduced due to the stress effect of ultrasonic waves.
上述した射出成形方法およびその装置によって成形可能
な成形材料としては、プラスチック等の有機材料、無機
高分子，セラミックス，金属，ガラス等の無機材料、そ
の他食料品およびそれらの混合材料等、成形時に若干の
流動性を有する材料を挙げられる。Examples of molding materials that can be molded by the above-described injection molding method and apparatus are organic materials such as plastics, inorganic polymers, ceramics, metals, inorganic materials such as glass, other foods and their mixed materials, and the like. A material having the fluidity of
また、本発明における射出成形方法とは、多色成形方
法，射出圧縮成形方法等を含み、さらに、流動状態また
はゴム様状態の成形材料を金型内に圧入し、所定の形状
に賦形した後、成形品を取り出す方法を採用するすべて
の成形方法を含むものである。Further, the injection molding method in the present invention includes a multicolor molding method, an injection compression molding method, and the like, and further, a molding material in a fluid state or a rubber-like state is press-fitted into a mold and shaped into a predetermined shape. Later, it includes all molding methods that employ a method of taking out a molded product.
［実験例］ 以下、本発明の射出成形方法とその装置を用いて行なっ
た実験結果を、比較例と比較しつつ説明する。[Experimental Example] Hereinafter, the experimental results obtained by using the injection molding method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in comparison with a comparative example.
実験例１ 射出成形装置：第１図に示す装置 成形材料：ポリエチレン （出光石油化学（株）６４０ＵＦ） 金型：断面６０mm×６０mm角柱形状、 材質Ｓ４５Ｃ 固定側金型に、スプルー出口より両側に肉厚１mmおよび
０．５mmの溝状キャビティを形成（第４図）。Experimental Example 1 Injection molding equipment: Equipment shown in Fig. 1 Molding material: Polyethylene (640UF, Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) Mold: Cross section 60mm x 60mm prismatic shape, material S45C Fixed side mold, meat on both sides from sprue outlet Form groove cavities with a thickness of 1 mm and 0.5 mm (Fig. 4).
超音波発振器：基本周波数１９．１５KHZ （精電舎電子工業（株）製SONOPET 1200-B） 成形条件：型締力 ３．５（ton） 射出圧力 ９４０（kg/cm2） 樹脂温度 １４２〜１４４（℃） 振 幅 ５μｍ 共 振 金型は１波長共振体とした（第５
図） 上記条件により、金型を共振させつつ射出成形を行な
い、そのときの流動長を求めた。Ultrasonic oscillator: Basic frequency 19.15 KH Z (SONOPET 1200-B manufactured by Seidensha Electronics Co., Ltd.) Molding condition: Mold clamping force 3.5 (ton) Injection pressure 940 (kg / cm 2 ) Resin temperature 142- 144 (° C) Swing width 5 μm Resonance The mold was a single wavelength resonator (5th
(Fig.) Under the above conditions, injection molding was performed while causing the mold to resonate, and the flow length at that time was determined.
流動長は、肉厚０．５mmの溝状キャビティに流れた樹脂
の流さを測定し、１０回の平均値をもって評価した。The flow length was evaluated by measuring the flow rate of the resin that flowed into the groove-shaped cavity having a wall thickness of 0.5 mm and averaging it 10 times.
その結果を表１に示す。The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例１ 金型を超音波によって共振させない以外、実験例１と同
じ条件で実験を行なった。Comparative Example 1 An experiment was performed under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1 except that the mold was not resonated with ultrasonic waves.
比較例２ 遠赤外線ヒータを用い、金型温度を２００℃まで加熱
し、比較例１と同じ条件で実験を行なった。この例は、
高周波誘導加熱装置を用いて金型表面温度を上げて成形
を行なう従来例と同等と考えられる。Comparative Example 2 A far infrared heater was used to heat the mold temperature to 200 ° C., and an experiment was conducted under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 1. This example
It is considered to be equivalent to the conventional example in which the mold surface temperature is raised by using a high frequency induction heating device to perform molding.
比較例３ 第６図に示すように、振動子１０を可動側金型２と固定
側金型３の接触部に位置させた以外は、実験例１と同じ
条件で実験を行なった。このとき、金型は共振状態では
なかった。Comparative Example 3 As shown in FIG. 6, an experiment was performed under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1 except that the vibrator 10 was positioned at the contact portion between the movable mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. At this time, the mold was not in a resonance state.
比較例１〜３の結果を表１に示す。The results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.
この結果、本発明によれば、超音波を付与しない場合は
勿論のこと、単に超音波を付与した場合あるいは、金型
を加熱した場合などより、はるかに成形材料の流動性が
よくなることが判明した。 As a result, according to the present invention, it is found that the flowability of the molding material is much better than when the ultrasonic waves are not applied, but when the ultrasonic waves are simply applied or the mold is heated. did.
実験例２ 射出成形装置：固定側金型および可動側金型が多少長尺
になっている以外、第１図に示す装置と同様である。Experimental Example 2 Injection molding apparatus: The same as the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 except that the fixed-side mold and the movable-side mold are somewhat elongated.
成形材料：ポリプロピレン （出光石油化学（株）Ｊ−７００Ｇ） 金型：断面６０mm×６０mm 材質 チタン合金（６Ａｌ−４Ｖ） 固定側金型に、肉厚１mmおよび２０φの円形溝状キャビ
ティを形成（第７図）。Molding material: Polypropylene (J-700G, Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) Mold: Section 60 mm x 60 mm Material Titanium alloy (6Al-4V) Form a circular groove-shaped cavity with a wall thickness of 1 mm and 20φ in the fixed mold (No. 1) (Fig. 7).
超音波発振器：基本周波数１９．１５KHZ （精電舎電子工業（株）製SONOPET 1200-B） 成形条件：型締力 ３．５（ton） 射出圧力 ９４０（kg/cm2） 樹脂温度 ２２０（℃） 振 幅 ３３μｍ 共 振 金型は１．５波長共振体とした
（第８図） 上記条件により、金型を共振させつつ射出成形を行な
い、そのときの成形品の直径を測定した。評価は成形品
１０個の平均値をもって行なった。Ultrasonic oscillator: Basic frequency 19.15KH Z (Seidensha Electronics Co., Ltd. SONOPET 1200-B) Molding condition: Mold clamping force 3.5 (ton) Injection pressure 940 (kg / cm 2 ) Resin temperature 220 ( C.) Vibration width 33 μm Resonance mold was 1.5 wavelength resonator (FIG. 8) Under the above conditions, injection molding was performed while resonating the mold, and the diameter of the molded product at that time was measured. The evaluation was performed using the average value of 10 molded products.
その結果を表２に示す。The results are shown in Table 2.
比較例４ 金型を超音波によって共振させない以外、実験例２と同
じ条件で実験を行なった。Comparative Example 4 An experiment was performed under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 2 except that the mold was not resonated by ultrasonic waves.
比較例５ 振動子１０を可動側金型２と固定側金型３の接触部に位
置させた（第６図参照）以外は、実験例２と同じ条件で
実験を行なった。Comparative Example 5 An experiment was performed under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 2 except that the vibrator 10 was positioned at the contact portion between the movable mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 (see FIG. 6).
比較例４，５の結果を表２に示す。The results of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 are shown in Table 2.
この結果、本発明によれば、超音波を付与しない場合は
勿論のこと、単に、超音波を付与した場合と比べても、
顕著に寸法収縮の小さい成形品を得られることが判明し
た。 As a result, according to the present invention, of course, not only when the ultrasonic wave is not applied, but also when compared with the case where the ultrasonic wave is applied,
It was found that a molded product having a remarkably small dimensional shrinkage can be obtained.
実験例３ 金型を線接触状態で保持し、実験例１の成形を行なった
際における超音波発振器の負荷電流を測定した。Experimental Example 3 The load current of the ultrasonic oscillator when the molding of Experimental Example 1 was performed while the mold was held in a line contact state was measured.
その結果を表３に示す。The results are shown in Table 3.
比較例６ 金型の保持を、可動側金型および固定側金型の溝の形
状，寸法と、同じ形状，寸法を有する固定板を用いて行
なうこと以外は、実験例３と同じ条件で実験を行なっ
た。この場合、固定板は金型と面接触の状態となる。Comparative Example 6 An experiment was conducted under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 3 except that the holding of the mold was performed using a fixing plate having the same shape and size as the groove and shape of the movable mold and the fixed mold. Was done. In this case, the fixing plate is in surface contact with the mold.
その結果を表３に示す。The results are shown in Table 3.
負荷電流の高くなる比較例６（面接触）では、振動が固
定板を通して流出していることが明らかに分かった。 In Comparative Example 6 (surface contact) in which the load current was high, it was clearly found that vibration was flowing out through the fixing plate.
この結果、金型の保持は、線接触による保持が非常に有
効であることが判明した。As a result, it was found that holding the mold by wire contact was very effective.
［発明の効果］ 以上のように、第一発明の射出成形方法によれば、超音
波振動によって金型を共振させることにより、振動を効
率良く伝達することができる。さらに、超音波の振動効
果を最大限に発揮せしめ、成形材料の流動性向上を図
れ、従来の成形技術では困難であった、高分子量のプラ
スチックやフィラーを多量に混合した複合材料等の成形
が容易となる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the injection molding method of the first invention, the vibration can be efficiently transmitted by causing the mold to resonate with ultrasonic vibration. Furthermore, by maximizing the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves and improving the fluidity of the molding material, it is possible to mold high molecular weight plastics and composite materials containing a large amount of filler, which was difficult with conventional molding technology. It will be easy.
さらに、超音波振動によって金型を共振させることによ
り、振動を効率良く伝達し、かつ超音波の応力効果を利
用できるため、単に超音波を金型に印加した場合より
も、成形品の寸法収縮を顕著に低減できる。Furthermore, by resonating the mold with ultrasonic vibration, the vibration can be efficiently transmitted and the stress effect of the ultrasonic wave can be utilized, so that the dimensional shrinkage of the molded product is smaller than when the ultrasonic wave is simply applied to the mold. Can be significantly reduced.
第二発明の射出成形装置によれば、成形材料の流動性の
向上を図れ、物性および寸法精度の点で優れた製品を成
形できるとともに、金型振動の外部流出を最小限に抑え
ることができ、装置の他の部分に悪影響を与えないとい
う効果がある。According to the injection molding apparatus of the second invention, it is possible to improve the fluidity of the molding material, mold a product excellent in physical properties and dimensional accuracy, and minimize the outflow of mold vibration to the outside. This has the effect of not adversely affecting other parts of the device.
第１図は本発明射出成形装置の一具体例の要部截断側面
図、第２および３図は第一発明における金型共振時にお
ける変位波形，波長の説明図、第４図は第一発明の成形
実験に使用したキャビティの説明図、第５図は実験例１
の成形実験における共振条件の説明図、第６図は超音波
振動子を用いた本発明以外の装置例概略図、第７図は実
験例２の成形実験に使用したキャビティの説明図、第８
図は実験例２の成形実験における共振条件の説明図を示
す。 １：金型 ２：可動側金型 ３：固定側金型 ２ａ：キャビティ ２ｂ，３ｂ：溝 ３ａ：スプルー ７，９：固定治具 １０：振動子FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part of a specific example of an injection molding apparatus according to the present invention, which is cut away. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are explanatory views of displacement waveforms and wavelengths at the time of mold resonance in the first invention. Explanatory drawing of the cavity used in the molding experiment of Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is Experimental example 1
6 is an explanatory view of a resonance condition in a molding experiment of FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an apparatus example using an ultrasonic transducer other than the present invention, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a cavity used in the molding experiment of Experimental Example 2, and FIG.
The figure shows an explanatory diagram of resonance conditions in the molding experiment of Experimental Example 2. 1: Mold 2: Movable mold 3: Fixed mold 2a: Cavities 2b, 3b: Groove 3a: Sprue 7, 9: Fixing jig 10: Transducer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 中島 孝 東京都台東区鳥越２丁目９番13号 精電舎 電子工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 松岸 則彰 東京都台東区鳥越２丁目９番13号 精電舎 電子工業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−135333（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−140222（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−134722（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Nakajima 2-9-13 Torigoe, Taito-ku, Tokyo Inside Seidensha Denshi Kogyo (72) Inventor Noriaki Matsugishi 2-9-toritori, Taito-ku, Tokyo No. 13 in Seidensha Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-62-135333 (JP, A) JP-A-58-140222 (JP, A) JP-A-58-134722 (JP, A)
Claims (4)
介して金型のキャビティに供給し、射出成形する方法に
おいて、固定側金型と可動側金型とからなる金型を、そ
の金型内にｎ波長分の共振波形が含まれるようにして、
超音波によってｎ波長共振（ｎ＝１／２ｍ，ｍ：正の整
数）させ、かつ、その超音波による共振の節部が固定側
金型および可動側金型を保持する部分の位置と一致する
ように、金型を共振させつつ成形を行なうことを特徴と
する射出成形方法。1. In a method of supplying a molding material from a molding machine to a cavity of a mold through a sprue of the mold and performing injection molding, a mold composed of a stationary mold and a movable mold is provided. Resonance waveform for n wavelengths is included in the mold,
The ultrasonic wave causes n-wavelength resonance (n = 1/2 m, m: positive integer), and the node portion of the resonance caused by the ultrasonic wave coincides with the position of the portion holding the fixed side mold and the movable side mold. Thus, the injection molding method is characterized in that molding is performed while resonating the mold.
たキャビティの位置と一致するように共振させつつ成形
を行なう、請求項１記載の射出成形方法。2. The injection molding method according to claim 1, wherein the molding is performed while resonating so that the abdomen of the ultrasonic resonance coincides with the position of the cavity formed in the mold.
たキャビティの位置と一致するように共振させつつ成形
を行なう、請求項１記載の射出成形方法。3. The injection molding method according to claim 1, wherein the molding is carried out while resonating so that the node of resonance by ultrasonic waves coincides with the position of the cavity formed in the mold.
介して金型のキャビティに供給し、射出成形を行なう装
置において、その金型が、スプルーが形成された固定側
金型と可動側金型との接触面にキャビティが形成された
可動側金型とからなり、その固定側金型と可動側金型が
固定治具によって、その固定治具と線接触の状態で保持
されるとともに、可動側金型のキャビティが形成された
面と反対側の面に、金型内にｎ波長分の共振波長が含ま
れるようにして、超音波によりｎ波長共振（ｎ＝１／２
ｍ，ｍ：正の整数）させる超音波振動子を結合してなる
ことを特徴とする射出成形装置。4. In a device for supplying a molding material from a molding machine to a cavity of a mold through a sprue of the mold to perform injection molding, the mold is movable with respect to a stationary mold having a sprue formed thereon. The movable mold has a cavity formed on the contact surface with the side mold, and the fixed mold and the movable mold are held by the fixing jig in line contact with the fixing jig. At the same time, the surface of the movable-side mold opposite to the surface on which the cavity is formed is made to contain a resonance wavelength of n wavelengths in the mold, and ultrasonic waves generate n-wavelength resonance (n = 1/2).
m, m: a positive integer) An injection molding apparatus characterized by being combined with an ultrasonic transducer.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/381,054 US5017311A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1989-07-17 | Method for injection molding into a resonating mold |
| EP19890113185 EP0351800A3 (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1989-07-19 | Method and apparatus for injection molding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63-180238 | 1988-07-21 | ||
| JP18023888 | 1988-07-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02131909A JPH02131909A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
| JPH066309B2 true JPH066309B2 (en) | 1994-01-26 |
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ID=16079782
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP1062196A Expired - Lifetime JPH066309B2 (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1989-03-16 | Injection molding method and apparatus |
| JP6856989A Pending JPH02131910A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1989-03-20 | Injection molding process and its device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58134722A (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1983-08-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Supersonic-applied injection molding method |
| JPS58140222A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-08-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing plastic lens |
| JPS62135333A (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-18 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | Method and apparatus for preparing disk substrate for recording optical information |
-
1989
- 1989-03-16 JP JP1062196A patent/JPH066309B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-20 JP JP6856989A patent/JPH02131910A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02131909A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
| JPH02131910A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
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