JPH0658173B2 - Natural gas calorific value adjustment method - Google Patents
Natural gas calorific value adjustment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0658173B2 JPH0658173B2 JP19351589A JP19351589A JPH0658173B2 JP H0658173 B2 JPH0658173 B2 JP H0658173B2 JP 19351589 A JP19351589 A JP 19351589A JP 19351589 A JP19351589 A JP 19351589A JP H0658173 B2 JPH0658173 B2 JP H0658173B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- calorific value
- gas
- pipe
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 [従来の技術] 天然ガス(略称NG)は、通常は極低温状態で液化され
た液化天然ガス(略称LNG)として貯蔵され、その消
費にあたり必要量が気化器により供給される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Prior Art] Natural gas (abbreviated as NG) is usually stored as liquefied natural gas (abbreviated as LNG) that is liquefied in a cryogenic state, and a necessary amount is supplied by a vaporizer for its consumption. To be done.
しかして天然ガスはそれぞれ固有の発熱量値を示す主成
分メタン、副成分エタン、プロパン等の主としてパラフ
ィン系同族体から成る多成分系のガスであるため、その
発熱量は一定していない。即ち天然ガスの発熱量は、前
記各成分の組成の違いにより9700〜11200Kca
l/Nm3の範囲でバラツキがある上に、前記の再気化
の開始にあたり、その初期には天然ガス貯蔵タンクと気
化器とを接続する配管内や気化器内における残留LNG
の重質分の影響及び初期気化特性の影響等で気化ガスの
発熱量は短時間に急激変動するのである。しかし一方、
天然ガスに対しては、消費時の燃焼性や取引上等の理由
から、特定の発熱量(例えば、都市ガスとして天然ガス
を供給する場合の標準発熱量は11000Kcal/Nm
3である。)を示すことが要求されており、ここに天然
ガスの発熱量調整を行なう必要が生ずる。そのため、再
気化の開始にあたり、その初期に生ずる発熱量変動に対
する対策として特開昭61−159143号公報に記載
されている。即ち、この公報には天然ガスの流路に設け
た比重計により該天然ガス発熱量に対応する天然ガスの
比重を測定し、この測定値に基づいて、標準発熱量に対
する天然ガスの発熱量の過不足を、天然ガスの流路に設
けた発熱量調整手段を有する調整部において調整する発
熱量調整装置において、前記比重計と調整部との間の流
路に天然ガスの攪拌手段を備えた所定容量のミキシング
タンクを設けると共に、比重計に接続された演算器には
比重計から順次入力される比重測定値に基づきミキシン
グタンク内で攪拌、混合された天然ガスの比重を予測演
算するシミュレーションプログラムを設定し、この予測
演算値に基づいて調整部を制御するようにしたことであ
る。However, since natural gas is a multi-component gas mainly composed of paraffinic homologues such as main component methane, secondary component ethane, and propane, each of which has its own heat generation value, its calorific value is not constant. That is, the calorific value of natural gas is 9700 to 11200 Kca depending on the composition of each component.
In addition to the variation in the range of l / Nm 3 , the residual LNG in the pipe connecting the natural gas storage tank and the vaporizer and in the vaporizer at the beginning of the re-vaporization described above.
The calorific value of the vaporized gas fluctuates rapidly in a short time due to the influence of the heavy components and the influence of the initial vaporization characteristics. But on the other hand,
For natural gas, a specific heating value (for example, the standard heating value when supplying natural gas as city gas is 11000 Kcal / Nm) for reasons such as flammability at the time of consumption and trading.
It is 3 . ) Is required, and it becomes necessary to adjust the calorific value of natural gas. Therefore, when re-vaporization is started, it is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-159143 as a measure against fluctuations in the amount of heat generated at the initial stage. That is, in this publication, the specific gravity of the natural gas corresponding to the calorific value of the natural gas is measured by a hydrometer provided in the flow path of the natural gas, and the calorific value of the natural gas with respect to the standard calorific value is calculated based on the measured value. A calorific value adjusting device for adjusting an excess or deficiency in an adjusting section having a calorific value adjusting means provided in a natural gas flow path, wherein a natural gas stirring means is provided in a flow path between the hydrometer and the adjusting section. A simulation program that provides a mixing tank with a predetermined capacity and predicts and calculates the specific gravity of the natural gas that is agitated and mixed in the mixing tank based on the specific gravity measurement values that are sequentially input from the specific gravity meter to the calculator connected to the specific gravity meter. Is set, and the adjusting unit is controlled based on this predicted calculation value.
[発明が解決しようとする課題] しかし、上記の従来の技術ではミキシングタンク等を設
置することを要し経済的でない。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-described conventional technique is not economical because it requires installation of a mixing tank or the like.
そこで本発明は係る不都合を解消する発明を提供するも
のである。Therefore, the present invention provides an invention that solves the inconvenience.
[課題を解決するための手段] 上記の課題を解決するため本発明は、 液化天然ガスの貯蔵タンクと、前記貯蔵タンクと供給管
で接続されている気化器と、前記気化器と送ガス管で接
続されている熱量調整部と、前記送ガス管を開閉する第
1開閉装置と、前記貯蔵タンクと前記第1開閉装置の気
化器側の送ガス管とを結ぶ戻管と、前記戻管を開閉する
第2開閉装置を有する天然ガスの発熱量調整装置であっ
て、天然ガスの気化開始後送ガス管内の天然ガスの発熱
量が安定するまで前記第1開閉装置を閉じかつ前記第2
開閉装置を開いて運転し、その後前記第1開閉装置を開
きかつ前記第2開閉装置を閉じて運転する天然ガスの発
熱量調整方法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a storage tank for liquefied natural gas, a vaporizer connected to the storage tank via a supply pipe, the vaporizer, and a gas transfer pipe. And a return pipe connecting the storage tank and the gas delivery pipe on the carburetor side of the first opening and closing device; A natural gas calorific value adjusting device having a second switchgear for opening and closing the first switchgear and closing the first switchgear until the calorific value of the natural gas in the gas feed pipe stabilizes after the vaporization of the natural gas.
It is a method of adjusting the calorific value of natural gas in which the switchgear is opened for operation, and then the first switchgear is opened and the second switchgear is closed for operation.
[作用] 前記手段によれば、天然ガスの気化開始後気化器で気化
される成分は低沸点成分から順次気化されるため発熱量
にバラツキがある。そのため送ガス管内の天然ガスの発
熱量が安定するまで、即ち気化器から排出される天然ガ
スの発熱量が一定の発熱量となるまで気化された天然ガ
スを熱量調整部へ送るのでなく貯蔵タンクへ戻して運転
をする。そのために第1開閉装置を閉じかつ前記第2開
閉装置を開いて運転するのである。そして、気化器から
排出される天然ガスの発熱量が一定の発熱量となった後
は第1開閉装置を開きかつ前記第2開閉装置を閉じて運
転する、即ち気化器から排出される天然ガスを熱量調整
部へ送る運転を以後継続することによって再気化の開始
にあたりその初期に生ずる発熱量の変動を除去する。[Operation] According to the above-mentioned means, the components that are vaporized in the vaporizer after the vaporization of the natural gas are sequentially vaporized from the low boiling point components, so the calorific value varies. Therefore, until the calorific value of the natural gas in the gas supply pipe stabilizes, that is, until the calorific value of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer reaches a constant calorific value, the vaporized natural gas is not sent to the calorific value adjusting unit but a storage tank. Return to and drive. Therefore, the first switchgear is closed and the second switchgear is opened for operation. After the calorific value of the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer reaches a constant calorific value, the first switchgear is opened and the second switchgear is closed to operate, that is, the natural gas discharged from the vaporizer. By continuing the operation of sending the heat quantity to the heat quantity adjusting unit, the fluctuation of the heat generation quantity that occurs at the beginning of the revaporization is removed.
[実施例] 次に本発明の実施例を図に基づいて説明する。図は天然
ガスの発熱量調整装置の全体系統図である。貯蔵タンク
1に貯蔵されている液化天然ガスは、ポンプ2によって
配管3を経由して気化器6へ送られる。この配管3には
流量調節弁4と自動開閉弁5が取り付けられている。気
化器6で気化された天然ガスは送ガス管7を通って天然
ガスの発熱量を調整する調整部21の混合部17に流入
するようになっている。この送ガス管7には圧力検出口
14、流量検出のオリフィス20及び第1開閉装置30
としての逆止弁8が取り付けられている。また、オリフ
ィス20と逆止弁8の間の送ガス管7と貯蔵タンク1の
気相部とを接続する戻管11が設けられていて、この戻
管11には圧力調節弁12及び第2開閉装置31として
の自動開閉弁13が取り付けられている。なお前記した
流量検出のオリフィス20と流量調節弁4とで供給管3
内の液化天然ガスの流量制御(FIC)を行ない、また
圧力検出口14で検出された圧力値と圧力調節弁12と
で圧力制御(PIC)を行なっている。。前記した調整
部21は、流量調節弁23を介して増熱用ガスを送る供
給管24と、圧力調節弁15を介して稀釈用ガスを送る
供給管16とが混合部17にそれぞれ接続されている。
そして、混合部17からは、熱量調整済の天然ガスを図
示省略の供給口へ送るための供給管18を延設してい
る。上記の増熱用ガスとは、天然ガスより高い一定の発
熱量を示すガス、例えばプロパンガスあるいはブタンガ
スである。因みに、ブタンガスにおいては、その発熱量
は31920Kcal/Nm3である。また、稀釈ガスと
は、天然ガスより低い一定の発熱量を示し、若しくは発
熱量ゼロであるガス、例えば空気である。[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The figure is an overall system diagram of a calorific value adjusting device for natural gas. The liquefied natural gas stored in the storage tank 1 is sent to the vaporizer 6 via the pipe 3 by the pump 2. A flow rate control valve 4 and an automatic opening / closing valve 5 are attached to the pipe 3. The natural gas vaporized by the vaporizer 6 passes through the gas supply pipe 7 and flows into the mixing section 17 of the adjusting section 21 for adjusting the calorific value of the natural gas. The gas sending pipe 7 has a pressure detecting port 14, a flow rate detecting orifice 20, and a first opening / closing device 30.
The check valve 8 is attached. Further, a return pipe 11 for connecting the gas feed pipe 7 between the orifice 20 and the check valve 8 and the gas phase portion of the storage tank 1 is provided, and the return pipe 11 has a pressure control valve 12 and a second pipe. An automatic opening / closing valve 13 as an opening / closing device 31 is attached. The flow rate detecting orifice 20 and the flow rate adjusting valve 4 are used for the supply pipe 3
The flow rate of the liquefied natural gas inside (FIC) is controlled, and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection port 14 and the pressure control valve 12 perform pressure control (PIC). . In the adjusting unit 21, the supply pipe 24 for sending the heat increasing gas via the flow rate adjusting valve 23 and the supply pipe 16 for sending the diluting gas via the pressure adjusting valve 15 are connected to the mixing unit 17, respectively. There is.
Further, from the mixing section 17, a supply pipe 18 for sending the heat-adjusted natural gas to a supply port (not shown) is provided. The above-mentioned heat-increasing gas is a gas that has a higher calorific value than natural gas, such as propane gas or butane gas. Incidentally, the heat value of butane gas is 31920 Kcal / Nm 3 . Further, the diluted gas is a gas having a constant heating value lower than that of natural gas, or a heating value of zero, such as air.
上記の構成に基づく作用について説明する。通常、貯蔵
タンク1に貯蔵された液化天然ガスはポンプ2により供
給管3を経て気化器6へ送られ、ここで気化されてガス
となる。このガスとなった天然ガスは送ガス管7を経て
発熱量調整部21へ送られ発熱量を調整後供給管18に
よって需要家へ送られる。このような通常の運転をを継
続後に定期修理等のためポンプ2を停止し、その他所定
の弁等の開閉操作をして運転を停止した後、運転を再開
するときの本発明に係る発熱量調整方法について説明す
る。なお本実施例では自動起動運転ができるようになっ
ている。まず運転開始に基づく気化器6の起動開始指令
によって第2開閉装置31を開く、即ち自動開閉弁13
を開とする。そして第1開閉装置30を閉とする。なお
本実施例では第1開閉装置30は逆止弁8でもって構成
しているため開閉操作の動作は行なわない。このこと
は、後記で詳述するように貯蔵タンク1と発熱量調整部
21の混合部17との圧力バランスによって閉じた状態
となるためであり、逆止弁の代りに開閉弁を設けている
ときにはその弁を閉とする。また気化器6の入口に設け
られている自動開閉弁5を開とする。これらの操作を実
施した後にポンプ2を起動し貯蔵タンク1の液化天然ガ
スを気化器6へ流量調節弁4を徐々に開きながら、即ち
流量を徐々に増加しながら送る。また気化器6内で気化
された天然ガスを送ガス管7を経て発熱量調整部21へ
送られるのでなく戻管11を経て貯蔵タンク1へ送るた
め圧力調節弁12で圧力制御を行なっている。この圧力
制御は気化器6内で気化する組成成分が経時変化を起こ
し運転の不安定を防止するためと上記した天然ガスを戻
管11を経て貯蔵タンク1へ送るためである。そのため
この圧力値を一定値とする発熱量調整部21の圧力値よ
り1〜2Kgf/cm2低下値とする。すなわちこの圧力
値によって戻り管11内の圧力値は貯蔵タンク1の圧力
より高く、天然ガスは貯蔵タンク1へ送られる。以上の
運転を2〜3分行なうと気化器6で気化された天然ガス
の発熱量はほぼ一定となる。従ってこのようにして気化
された天然ガスを貯蔵タンク1へ戻しても、戻す量が少
いため貯蔵タンク1内の組成には何ら影響がない。そこ
で予め2〜3分に設定されたタイマーがタイムアップし
た後第2開閉装置31の自動開閉弁13を閉とするとと
もに圧力制御弁12も閉とする。更にこの操作と同時に
第1開閉装置30を開とする操作を行なうが本実施例で
は逆止弁8が備えてあるため送ガス管7内の圧力が発熱
量調整部21の圧力より高くなったとき天然ガスは逆止
弁8を通って、即ち逆止弁が開状態となって発熱調整部
21へ送られる。これで通常の運転が開始され、気化器
6で気化された天然ガスは送ガス管7を通り発熱量調整
部21で天然ガスの発熱量の調整が行なわれる。即ち発
熱量が低い場合には調節弁23を開き、反対に高い場合
には調節弁15を開いて発熱量を混合部17で調節した
後供給管18を経て需要家へ送られる。The operation based on the above configuration will be described. Usually, the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage tank 1 is sent by the pump 2 through the supply pipe 3 to the vaporizer 6, where it is vaporized into gas. The natural gas that has become this gas is sent to the calorific value adjusting unit 21 via the gas sending pipe 7, and after the calorific value is adjusted, sent to the consumer by the supply pipe 18. After continuing such normal operation, the pump 2 is stopped for periodic repairs, etc., and the amount of heat generation according to the present invention when the operation is restarted after the operation is stopped by opening / closing other predetermined valves or the like. The adjustment method will be described. In this embodiment, automatic start operation is possible. First, the second opening / closing device 31 is opened by a start start command of the carburetor 6 based on the start of operation, that is, the automatic opening / closing valve 13
To open. Then, the first opening / closing device 30 is closed. In this embodiment, since the first opening / closing device 30 is composed of the check valve 8, the opening / closing operation is not performed. This is because the storage tank 1 and the mixing portion 17 of the heat generation amount adjusting portion 21 are closed due to the pressure balance, as will be described later in detail, and an on-off valve is provided instead of the check valve. Sometimes the valve is closed. Further, the automatic opening / closing valve 5 provided at the inlet of the vaporizer 6 is opened. After performing these operations, the pump 2 is activated to send the liquefied natural gas from the storage tank 1 to the vaporizer 6 while gradually opening the flow rate control valve 4, that is, while gradually increasing the flow rate. Further, the natural gas vaporized in the vaporizer 6 is sent to the storage tank 1 via the return pipe 11 instead of being sent to the calorific value adjusting unit 21 via the gas sending pipe 7, so that the pressure control valve 12 controls the pressure. . This pressure control is intended to prevent the compositional components that are vaporized in the vaporizer 6 from changing over time to cause instability in operation, and to send the above-mentioned natural gas to the storage tank 1 through the return pipe 11. Therefore, the pressure value is set to a value lower by 1 to 2 Kgf / cm 2 than the pressure value of the calorific value adjusting unit 21 which keeps the pressure value constant. That is, due to this pressure value, the pressure value in the return pipe 11 is higher than the pressure in the storage tank 1, and the natural gas is sent to the storage tank 1. When the above operation is performed for 2 to 3 minutes, the calorific value of the natural gas vaporized by the vaporizer 6 becomes substantially constant. Therefore, even if the natural gas vaporized in this way is returned to the storage tank 1, the composition in the storage tank 1 is not affected because the returned amount is small. Therefore, after the timer set in advance for 2 to 3 minutes has expired, the automatic opening / closing valve 13 of the second opening / closing device 31 is closed and the pressure control valve 12 is also closed. Further, at the same time as this operation, the operation of opening the first opening / closing device 30 is performed. However, in this embodiment, since the check valve 8 is provided, the pressure in the gas supply pipe 7 becomes higher than the pressure in the heat generation amount adjusting section 21. At this time, the natural gas is sent to the heat generation adjusting unit 21 through the check valve 8, that is, the check valve is opened. With this, normal operation is started, and the natural gas vaporized by the vaporizer 6 passes through the gas supply pipe 7 and the calorific value adjusting section 21 adjusts the calorific value of the natural gas. That is, when the calorific value is low, the control valve 23 is opened, and when the calorific value is high, the control valve 15 is opened to control the calorific value by the mixing section 17, and then the calorific value is sent to the consumer via the supply pipe 18.
[発明の効果] 本発明の天然ガスの発熱量調整方法によれば、特定の設
備、例えばミキシングタンク等の設備を要することなく
かつ容易に運転の開始時の天然ガスの発熱量の調整がで
きる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method for adjusting the calorific value of natural gas of the present invention, it is possible to easily adjust the calorific value of natural gas at the start of operation without requiring specific equipment, for example, equipment such as a mixing tank. .
図面は本発明の1実施例を示す図であり、図は天然ガス
の発熱量調整装置の全体系統図である。 1……貯蔵タンク 3……供給管 6……気化器 7……送ガス管 11……戻管 21……熱量調整部 30……第1開閉装置 31……第2開閉装置FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and the diagram is an overall system diagram of a calorific value adjusting device for natural gas. 1 ... Storage tank 3 ... Supply pipe 6 ... Vaporizer 7 ... Gas pipe 11 ... Return pipe 21 ... Heat quantity adjusting unit 30 ... First switchgear 31 ... Second switchgear
Claims (1)
ンクと供給管で接続されている気化器と、前記気化器と
送ガス管で接続されている熱量調整部と、前記送ガス管
を開閉する第1開閉装置と、前記貯蔵タンクと前記第1
開閉装置の気化器側の送ガス管とを結ぶ戻管と、前記戻
管を開閉する第2開閉装置を有する天然ガスの発熱量調
整装置であって、 前記天然ガスの気化開始後前記送ガス管内の前記天然ガ
スの発熱量が安定するまで前記第1開閉装置を閉じかつ
前記第2開閉装置を開いて運転し、その後前記第1開閉
装置を開きかつ前記第2開閉装置を閉じて運転すること
を特徴とする天然ガスの発熱量調整方法。1. A storage tank for liquefied natural gas, a vaporizer connected to the storage tank via a supply pipe, a heat quantity adjusting unit connected to the vaporizer via a gas feed pipe, and the gas feed pipe. A first opening / closing device for opening and closing, the storage tank, and the first
A calorific value adjusting device for natural gas, comprising: a return pipe that connects a gas delivery pipe on the carburetor side of an opening / closing device; and a second opening / closing device that opens / closes the return pipe. The first switchgear is closed and the second switchgear is opened to operate until the calorific value of the natural gas in the pipe is stabilized, and then the first switchgear is opened and the second switchgear is closed to operate. A method for adjusting the calorific value of natural gas, which is characterized by the following.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19351589A JPH0658173B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Natural gas calorific value adjustment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19351589A JPH0658173B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Natural gas calorific value adjustment method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0359310A JPH0359310A (en) | 1991-03-14 |
JPH0658173B2 true JPH0658173B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
Family
ID=16309348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP19351589A Expired - Fee Related JPH0658173B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Natural gas calorific value adjustment method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JPH0658173B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7004749B2 (en) | 2002-08-29 | 2006-02-28 | Noritz Corporation | Combustion apparatus |
JP2016191024A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Gas control device, combustion system and program |
CN108949269A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of chemical industry synthesis liquefied gas production capacity optimal control method |
-
1989
- 1989-07-26 JP JP19351589A patent/JPH0658173B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH0359310A (en) | 1991-03-14 |
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