JPH0658074A - Earth and sand raking device of circular casing for pit construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the easiness in execution of works by mounting an earth/ sand raking plate in the form of a plow on the internal surface of a circular casing, scooping earth and sand at the internal surface of the casing in association its swing motions, and raking toward the central part. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic cylinder 7 of an earth/sand raking device 3 is contracted to reduce the dia. of a plate 4, and the outside dia. of the device 3 is made smaller than the bore of a casing 1, and the device 3 is sunk to the undermost part of the casing 1 using a rope 10. The cylinder 7 is elongated to enlarge the dia. of the plate 4, and the device 3 is secured to the bore of the casing 1. Then the casing 1 is pressure fitted with swing motions, and the earth and sand at the internal circumferential wall of the casing 1 are with these swings scooped by a cutting edge provided in the upper part of an earth/ sand raking plate 5. The earth and sand are raked to the central part of the casing 1 by this raking plate 5. After exhausting the earth and sand to the outside using a grab bucket 13, etc., and the device is removed upon dia. reduction. Thereby excavation can be executed approx. perfectly with a small-sized grab bucket, and works can be done safely without use of any human labor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a casing sand scraping apparatus mainly used in a shaft construction method using a circular casing, such as a shaft construction work, an underground wire construction work, a cast-in-place pile work, and a well excavation work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shaft construction method has been known in which a circular steel casing is used, and the shaft is rockingly pressed into the ground by a shaft excavator installed on the ground.
-470, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-83719, and the like.

This construction method eliminates the need for driving steel sheet piles that are accompanied by noise and vibration, and the chemical solution injection work for stopping water, unlike the conventional construction method. Widely used in the department.

In the construction method using this circular casing, it is necessary to excavate the inside of the circular casing press-fitted by rocking with an excavator such as a grab bucket.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the excavation situation in the circular casing in the above-mentioned construction method.

In the figure, 30 is a circular casing that is rock-pressed into the ground by a shaft excavator (not shown), 31 is a grab bucket, and the grab bucket 31 is inserted into the circular casing 30 from above by the operation of the shaft excavator. Then, the clamping device applies a reaction force to the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing 30 by hydraulic pressure to open and close the tip of the bucket 31 to excavate the circular casing 30.

[0007]

However, in such excavation work using the grab bucket 31, a semicircular excavation vertical section is formed especially near the floor attachment surface, and a flat floor attachment surface is provided in the circular casing 30. It cannot be formed.

In such a situation, when the foundation concrete 32 is poured as shown in FIG. 15, the central portion of the circular casing 30 has the thickest concrete thickness and the peripheral portion has the thinnest portion. Is difficult to secure.

For this reason, for example, a method of scraping off the earth and sand adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing 30 by human power can be considered. However, the circular casing 3 is particularly suitable in a place where the groundwater level is high.
It is difficult to enter into 0 and there is a risk of work. As another measure, water leakage can be prevented by increasing the amount of basic concrete, but the root length of the circular casing 30 becomes longer than necessary, which causes a cost increase.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide means for efficiently excavating the earth and sand on the inner peripheral wall of a circular casing without manual labor.

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a sand and sand scraping apparatus for use in a shaft construction method for rock shaft press-fitting a circular casing into the ground to excavate the soil inside the circular casing to construct a shaft or foundation. Therefore, the device is detachably mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing, and when the circular casing swings, the soil on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing is scraped out to the central portion of the circular casing, and the plow-shaped sand scraping is performed. It is characterized by having a plate.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the excavator is detachably mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing and has an excavating device equipped with a driving means for excavating the earth and sand on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing.

[0013]

In the present invention, the plow member of the earth and sand scraping device projecting on the inner surface of the casing scoops the earth and sand on the inner surface of the casing as the casing swings, and scrapes it toward the central portion of the circular casing.

Alternatively, by providing an excavator equipped with a drive device for excavating the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing, it becomes possible to excavate the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing without inhibiting the swinging force.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a state in which a sand scraping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a vertical casing for constructing a shaft, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line X ₁ -X _{1 of} FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of the sand scraping apparatus.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a circular steel casing for constructing a vertical shaft, and the earth and sand scraping device 3 of the present invention is detachably attached to the end of the circular casing 1.

The earth and sand scraping device 3 is fixed to the three outer plates 4 each having a curved contact surface 4a that is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 1 in the expanded state, and the lower end portion of the outer plate 4. The plow-shaped sand scraping board 5 and the circular inner cylinder 11 pin-connected to the base ends of the three outer plates 4 are provided. Reference numeral 7 denotes hydraulic cylinders, both ends of which are pin-coupled to the tip of the outer plate 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 11, respectively, and which are arranged in upper and lower two stages. Can be done.
Reference numeral 9 is a steel pipe containing a hydraulic hose 12 for controlling these hydraulic cylinders 7, and 10 is a hanging rope. In addition, although three outer plates 4 are provided in the present embodiment, the number is not limited to this, and the number can be appropriately set. At that time, the number of hydraulic cylinders 7 naturally increases or decreases according to the number of outer plates 4.

As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 3 and the perspective view of the main part of FIG. 4, the sand scraping plate 5 has four plows 5a directed toward the center of the circular casing 1 formed on each outer plate 4 at a plow. It is a shaped member, the base part is formed in a semi-circular shape and the cutting blade 5
b is provided. The outer periphery of the cutting blade 5b is formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the casing 1 in a state where the outer plate 4 is in close contact with the inner surface of the circular casing 1. Therefore, overcutting by swinging is possible, and the frictional resistance when the casing 1 is press-fitted by swinging can be significantly reduced.

Next, a method of constructing a vertical shaft using the earth and sand scraping apparatus of the above embodiment will be described.

First, the hydraulic cylinder 7 of the sand scraping device 3 is contracted to reduce the diameter of the plate 4, so that the outer diameter of the sand scraping device 3 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the circular casing 1, and the bottom end of the circular casing 1 is reduced. Hang it up.

Next, the hydraulic cylinders 7 at three positions are operated to expand the diameter of the plate 4, and the earth and sand scraping device 3 is closely fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing 1. This completes the attachment of the soil scraping device 3 to the circular casing 1 as shown in FIGS.

Then, in this state, when the circular casing 1 is rock-pressed by a shaft excavator (not shown), the sand on the inner wall of the casing 1 is scooped by the cutting blade 5b as the circular casing 1 rocks. The collected soil will be scraped by the sand scraping plate 5 to the central portion of the circular casing 1.

As described above, according to the present apparatus, the force due to the oscillating press-fitting can be utilized to easily remove the earth and sand adhering to the inner surface of the circular casing without requiring any special driving device. Therefore, it becomes possible to form a horizontal flooring surface inside the circular casing 1 by using the glove bucket 13 described in the conventional example. Even when the large-diameter circular casing 1 is used, it can be clamped on the inner cylinder 11 of the sand scraping apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. It becomes possible to drill.

After the excavation is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is operated again to reduce the diameter of the sand scraping device 3, and the rope 10 is lifted to the ground by a crane (not shown). As a result, the inside of the circular casing 1 is fully excavated, and a substantially flat flooring surface is formed. After that, the circular casing shaft is completed by placing the surface plate concrete of the required thickness.

As described above, when the earth and sand scraping apparatus 3 according to the present embodiment is used, the inner surface of the circular casing 1 which has been difficult to excavate can be efficiently used by using a conventional mechanical excavator such as a grab bucket. Can be drilled.

FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the earth and sand scraping apparatus of this embodiment is mounted on a vertical casing for constructing a shaft. 6
The X ₂ -X ₂ line sectional view of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a B-B sectional view of FIG.

In the following embodiments, the same parts as those in the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

The earth and sand scraping apparatus 3 of this embodiment is composed of an inner cylinder 1
A mounting portion 11a is projectingly provided on the inner surface of the lower end portion of 1, and a rotary cutter 16 rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor 14 and having a circular planar shape is coupled to the mounting portion 11a with six base pins 17.
Reference numeral 15 in the figure denotes a speed reducer that reduces the rotational force of the hydraulic motor 14. Further, the rotary cutter 16 is slightly projected from the outer diameter of the circular casing 1 so that overcutting can be performed as in the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the circular casing 1 can be pressed into the ground while rocking by the shaft excavator and the rotary cutter 16 can be simultaneously rotated to excavate the earth and sand at the bottom of the inner peripheral wall of the circular casing 1 and excavate it. It is possible to scrape the sand and sand into the center of the circular casing 1. Especially the rotary cutter 1
6 is provided with an independent drive motor 14, so that the earth and sand adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing 1 can be efficiently removed without obstructing the force of the rocking press-fitting, and a flat flooring surface is formed. Is possible.

After the completion of excavation, the outer plate 4 is reduced in diameter in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is lifted upward by a vertical shaft excavator. At this time, the rotary cutter 16 swings inward of the circular casing 1 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5, and does not hinder the lifting.

8, FIG. 9, FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows the sand scraping apparatus of this embodiment mounted on a vertical casing for constructing a vertical shaft. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 9, and FIG.
₃ -X ₃ line cross-sectional view, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG.

Reference numeral 18 in the drawing is a crescent-shaped cutter for scraping sand, which is provided at four places at equal intervals, and is attached by a pin 17 to an outer race 20a of a ball bearing 20 provided around the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 11. ing. 20b is an inner race of the ball bearing 20, and 20c is a ball of a ball bearing.

A pinion gear 19 is mounted on the rotary shaft 15a of the speed reducer 15, and the pinion gear 19 meshes with an external gear 21 formed on the outer periphery of the outer race 20a. Therefore, when the motor 14 is driven to rotate, the outer race 20a rotates, and accordingly, the crescent-shaped cutter 18 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As a result, the earth and sand excavated by the crescent moon cutter 18 is scraped to the center of the circular casing and discharged to the ground together with the earth and sand excavated by the grab bucket 13. In addition, the crescent moon cutter 18 is designed to overcut the outer circumference of the circular casing 1 as in the previous two examples.

After the excavation work is completed, the outer plate 4 is reduced in diameter in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments, and lifted upward by the vertical shaft excavating device. At that time, the crescent moon cutter 18,
As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 8, the circular casing 1 swings inward and passes through the circular casing 1. The outer diameter of the cutter 18 is reduced as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to bend the vicinity of the center by the pin 22 and the spring 23 after the work is completed.

[0035]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Simultaneously with the excavation of the earth and sand on the inner surface of the circular casing, the excavated earth and sand are scraped up in the center of the casing,
The small grab bucket facilitates nearly complete excavation in the casing.

(2) The excavation machine can excavate the inside of the circular casing almost completely, and the work by man is not required, so that the safety of construction can be secured.

(3) Since the earth and sand excavation in the circular casing is completed, it is possible to place the foundation concrete with high reliability.

(4) The outer circumference of the casing is overcut to reduce the frictional resistance of rocking, press-fitting and drawing.

(5) Even in the case of a large-diameter casing, it is possible to use a grab bucket adapted to the size of the transport vehicle, which helps to reduce the weight that increases rapidly as the casing diameter increases.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a sand scraping apparatus having a plow-shaped sand scraping plate according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a circular casing.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line X ₁ -X ₁ of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the earth and sand scraping apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of the earth and sand scraping apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the second embodiment of the present invention in which the earth and sand scraping apparatus is mounted on a circular casing.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line X ₂ -X ₂ of FIG.

7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention in which the earth and sand scraping apparatus is mounted on a circular casing.

9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.

10 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

11 is a sectional view taken along line X ₃ -X ₃ of FIG.

12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG.

13 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the earth and sand scraping apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining an excavation situation using a conventional grab bucket.

FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining a situation of placing conventional surface plate concrete.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 circular casing, 3 earth and sand scraping device, 4 plate, 4a contact surface, 5 sand and sand scraping plate, 5a protrusion, 5b cutting blade, 7 hydraulic cylinder, 9 steel pipe, 10 rope, 11 inner cylinder, 11a mounting portion, 1
2 hydraulic hoses, 13 grab buckets, 14 hydraulic motors, 15 speed reducers, 16 rotary cutters, 17 pins,
18 Crescent cutter, 19 pinion, 20 ball bearing, 20a outer race, 20b inner race, 20c bearing ball, 21 external gear, 22 pin,
23 Spring

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A earth and sand scraping device for use in a shaft construction method for constructing a shaft, foundation, etc. by rock-fitting a circular casing into the ground to excavate the earth and sand inside the circular casing, the device comprising: It is equipped with a plow-shaped sand scraping plate that is detachably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing and that scrapes out the earth and sand on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing to the center of the circular casing as the circular casing swings. A device for scraping sand from a circular casing for building a shaft. 2. A earth and sand scraping device for use in a shaft construction method for constructing a shaft, foundation, etc. by rock-pressing a circular casing into the ground to excavate the earth and sand inside the circular casing, the device comprising: A gravel scraping device for a vertical casing for constructing a vertical shaft, comprising an excavating device detachably mounted on an inner peripheral surface of the circular casing, the excavating device having a driving means for excavating the earth and sand on the inner peripheral surface of the circular casing.